CN117113546B - Adaptive design method for cross-dimension stealth structure based on FDM additive manufacturing - Google Patents
Adaptive design method for cross-dimension stealth structure based on FDM additive manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, discloses a cross-dimension stealth structure self-adaptive design method based on FDM additive manufacturing, which aims at the installation position of an aircraft part in a machine body to determine the irradiation direction of electromagnetic waves, and electromagnetic shielding simulation is carried out on the aircraft part based on the electromagnetic wave irradiation direction, and then the cell structures of different areas of the aircraft part are finely adjusted according to the simulation result, so that the electromagnetic shielding of the stealth structure of the aircraft to different wave bands can achieve a better comprehensive effect.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a cross-dimension stealth structure self-adaptive design method based on FDM additive manufacturing.
Background
Fused deposition modeling (fused deposition modeling, FDM) is an additive manufacturing (additive manufacturing) process that manufactures a workpiece by depositing progressive layers of extruded molten material. FDM type 3D printers have advantages of simple structure, easy operation, low cost, and the like, and have become one of the most popular and most widely used technologies in the field of additive manufacturing.
With the requirements of high stealth performance of aircraft, the requirements of the aircraft on electromagnetic shielding are also higher and higher, and the requirements of the aircraft body on electromagnetic shielding performance are also higher and higher. Electromagnetic shielding may be in individual areas of space that attenuate electromagnetic waves due to field strength attenuation from certain sources. The traditional electromagnetic shielding is mostly made of metal and metal sheets, thin nets, strip-shaped materials and the like, and covers the parts to be protected or is arranged on the components, but the density of the materials is high, the whole quality is high, the cost is high, and metal family materials are easy to oxidize under the action of water vapor and oxygen in the air to generate corrosion, so that the loss rate of the shielding case is quickened, the service life is shortened, and the manufacturing cost is further increased. In addition, the whole processability of the shielding cover body is poor, the shielding property and the absorption property are poor, the use is inconvenient, the defects of internal short circuit of precise instruments and equipment and the like are easy to cause and are difficult to adjust, and the application of the metal material in the electromagnetic field is severely limited.
The continuous fiber composite material has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, high temperature resistance, low corrosion resistance density and the like, is widely used for various industries including aerospace, national defense and military industry, ships, buildings, electronics, energy sources, traffic and the like, and becomes an indispensable material in human life. The polymer-based composite material using the conductive fiber as a reinforcing phase can ensure that the electromagnetic shielding performance is excellent, overcomes the defect of the conductivity of the common composite material, and has the characteristic of excellent composite mechanical function.
At present, the existing electromagnetic shielding composite material has the defects of complex and tedious preparation technology, multiple preparation links, strict requirements on operation steps, more types of materials required by preparing a structure meeting shielding requirements and high production cost. The manufactured electromagnetic shielding part usually adopts the same cell structure to absorb waves and reduce noise, and has the electromagnetic shielding characteristic of a certain wave band, and has poor electromagnetic shielding effect on other wave bands, so that the requirement of optimal stealth performance of an airplane cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems and the defects in the prior art, the application provides a self-adaptive design method of a cross-dimension stealth structure based on FDM additive manufacturing, which is used for determining the irradiation direction of electromagnetic waves for the installation position of an aircraft part in a machine body, carrying out electromagnetic shielding simulation on the aircraft part based on the irradiation direction of the electromagnetic waves, and carrying out fine adjustment on cell structures in different areas of the aircraft part according to the simulation result, so that a better comprehensive effect on electromagnetic shielding of different wave bands is achieved.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows:
A cross-dimension stealth structure self-adaptive design method based on FDM additive manufacturing comprises the following steps:
S1, determining the direction of the part irradiated by electromagnetic waves based on the installation position of the part in an airplane;
S2, performing multiple simulation on the part according to different wave bands to obtain electromagnetic radiation results of each partition of the part;
s3, obtaining the design electromagnetic wave band of any subarea based on the electromagnetic radiation result obtained by analog simulation
S4, electromagnetic wave band designAnd (3) designing a cell structure of the part in the area to obtain cell structure parameters with the best shielding effect on the wave band, and finally completing the design of the stealth structure of the whole part.
Preferably, the electromagnetic radiation results obtained for each zone of the part are: for any subarea, the electromagnetic waves with different wave bands are affected during simulation, and the corresponding response electromagnetic wave bands are
Preferably, the electromagnetic radiation result based on the simulation obtains the design electromagnetic wave band of the subarea asComprising the following steps: the electromagnetic radiation results obtained by simulation are weighted and summed to finally obtain the design electromagnetic wave band of the subarea as
Preferably, the cell structure parameters include: geometry size of the cell.
Preferably, after the electromagnetic radiation results of all the subareas are obtained, the electromagnetic wave bands are designed based on all the subareasAs a result of the overall analysis of the partition, the response electromagnetic bandThe more similar subareas are combined to form a large subarea, and then the printing path is set based on the adaptability of the large subarea.
Preferably, each partition of the part refers to a result of meshing based on simulation software or a fine mesh structure cut out by meshing software.
Preferably, the size of the grid structure is an integer multiple of the size of the cell structure.
Preferably, when the cells are located at the junctions of adjacent partitions, the volume sizes of the cells contained in the adjacent partitions are calculated respectively, and finally the cells are divided into the partitions with the largest cell volumes, and the geometric parameters of the cells are designed by referring to the sizes of the cells in the partitions to which the cells belong.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the application, the electromagnetic wave irradiation direction is determined according to the installation position of the aircraft part in the machine body, the electromagnetic shielding simulation is carried out on the aircraft part based on the electromagnetic wave irradiation direction, and then the cell structures of different areas of the aircraft part are finely adjusted according to the simulation result, so that a better comprehensive effect on electromagnetic shielding of different wave bands is achieved.
(2) In the application, due to the size difference of the cell structures, ambiguous points can appear in the process of partitioning, namely, the cell structures possibly exist at the juncture positions of adjacent partitions, if the cell structures are directly substituted into simulation calculation, great operation load can be generated, the obtained cell structures are incomplete, and the strength of the cell structures in the actual printing process is reduced. In order to avoid this, the application divides the cell structure at the boundary between adjacent partitions, calculates the volume of the cell structure in each adjacent partition, takes the partition with the largest volume of the cell structure as the attribution area, and incorporates the cell structure into the partition, that is to say, when designing the cell structure parameters, the geometric structure parameters of the cell structure are designed by referring to the response electromagnetic wave bands of the partition.
(3) After the partitioning of the parts is completed, the partitioning of the parts is further planned in an overall mode based on the results of response electromagnetic wave bands of all the partitioning, and then the relatively similar partitioning is combined to form a large partitioning, so that the workload can be reduced to a certain extent, and the working efficiency is improved.
(4) The aircraft stealth structure obtained through the method can realize full excavation of a 3D printing technology, perfect combination of part conception and material design is realized, technical conception of material-changing performance is realized, and higher material-structure integrated design is realized.
Drawings
The foregoing and the following detailed description of the application will become more apparent when read in conjunction with the following drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the reflection loss CST of the wave-absorbing structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of electromagnetic simulation results of an aircraft pod;
fig. 4-5 are schematic diagrams of cell structure ambiguity points and cell structure divisions.
Detailed Description
In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution for achieving the object of the present application will be further described through several specific embodiments, and it should be noted that the technical solution claimed in the present application includes, but is not limited to, the following embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, based on the embodiments of the present application shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
The continuous fiber composite material has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, high temperature resistance, low corrosion resistance density and the like, is widely used for various industries including aerospace, national defense and military industry, ships, buildings, electronics, energy sources, traffic and the like, and becomes an indispensable material in human life. The polymer-based composite material using the conductive fiber as a reinforcing phase can ensure that the electromagnetic shielding performance is excellent, overcomes the defect of the conductivity of the common composite material, and has the characteristic of excellent composite mechanical function.
At present, the existing electromagnetic shielding composite material has the defects of complex and tedious preparation technology, multiple preparation links, strict requirements on operation steps, more types of materials required by preparing a structure meeting shielding requirements and high production cost. The manufactured electromagnetic shielding part usually adopts the same cell structure to absorb waves and reduce noise, and has the electromagnetic shielding characteristic of a certain wave band, and has poor electromagnetic shielding effect on other wave bands, so that the requirement of optimal stealth performance of an airplane cannot be met.
Based on this, the embodiment of the application provides a self-adaptive design method of a cross-dimensional stealth structure based on FDM additive manufacturing, firstly, the electromagnetic wave irradiation direction of an aircraft part is determined for the installation position of the aircraft part in a machine body, electromagnetic shielding simulation is carried out on the aircraft part based on the electromagnetic wave irradiation direction, in the simulation process, electromagnetic waves with different wave bands are adopted to simulate the aircraft part for a plurality of times, multiple groups of simulation results are obtained for each region of the part, then, the cell structures of different regions of the aircraft part are finely adjusted according to the simulation results, finally, the design parameters of the cell structure with the best electromagnetic shielding effect of the region are obtained, the FDM additive manufacturing is carried out based on the design parameters of the cell structure, and finally, the printed part can achieve a better comprehensive effect on the electromagnetic shielding of different wave bands.
The embodiment discloses a cross-dimension stealth structure self-adaptive design method based on FDM additive manufacturing, and referring to a figure 1 of the specification, the design method comprises the following steps:
step S1, determining the direction (such as the direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. 3) of the part irradiated by the electromagnetic wave based on the installation position of the part in the aircraft.
S2, performing multiple simulation on the aircraft part by using different electromagnetic wave bands (f 1,f2,…,fm…,fn) to obtain multiple groups of electromagnetic radiation results of each partition of the part.
In this embodiment, each partition refers to a result based on the mesh division of the simulation software, or individual fine mesh structures cut out by the mesh division software. The size of the grid structure is preferably an integer multiple of the size of the cell structure.
In this embodiment, for different electromagnetic bands, each zone of the part will receive a corresponding electromagnetic radiation result, and thus a zone of the final part will receive a plurality of different electromagnetic radiation results.
In this embodiment, electromagnetic simulation may use CST Microwave Studio simulation software, where the simulation flow includes unit cell model establishment, material attribute distribution, port and boundary condition setting, finite element mesh division, electromagnetic environment simulation and reflection loss calculation, and the simulation flow is shown in fig. 2, so as to obtain the wave absorption characteristics of different cell structures for electromagnetic waves with different frequencies. The simulation method is a conventional means in the art, and will not be described herein. Further, during simulation, 1500-4500 Mhz, which is the most common wave band of an airborne radar, can be adopted for simulation, and other wave bands can be adopted for simulation.
In this embodiment, the electromagnetic radiation results for each section of the part are: during simulation, the corresponding response electromagnetic wave bands are respectively as follows
S3, for any partition z i, of the part, based on a plurality of groups of electromagnetic radiation results obtained by simulation, carrying out data processing on the electromagnetic radiation results to finally obtain the design electromagnetic wave band of the partition as
In this embodiment, i, j denote the partitions at the ith row and jth column, respectively.
In this embodiment, there are various ways of obtaining the design electromagnetic band of the partition based on the electromagnetic radiation result obtained by the simulation, which may be to calculate an arithmetic average of the electromagnetic radiation result and then use the arithmetic average as the response electromagnetic band of the partition, or may be to obtain the design electromagnetic band of the partition by performing weighted summation on the electromagnetic radiation result. In this scheme, in order to better realize the electromagnetic shielding effect of the parts, the embodiment adopts a weighted summation mode to obtain the design electromagnetic wave bands of each partitionThe weight of the calculation is set according to the requirement, for example, if the pair is neededThe component with better shielding effect can be adaptively increasedCorresponding weights, thereby achieving an adaptive result.
S4, electromagnetic wave band designAnd (3) designing a cell structure of the part in the area to obtain cell structure parameters with the best shielding effect on the wave band, and finally completing the design of the stealth structure of the whole aircraft part.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the cell structure parameters include: geometric parameters of the cell structure, such as dimensions, etc.
In this embodiment, the above four steps are only to consider the design of the component of the area part with a small part, but in reality, the cell structure may have ambiguous points when slicing the partition, as shown in fig. 4, A1 is a border between adjacent partitions, in this way, four ambiguous points of C1, C2, C3 and C4 may occur, that is, the cell structure entirely spans multiple adjacent partitions, in fig. 4, a part of the cell structure is located in the partition on the left side of A1, another part is located in the partition on the right side of A1, and substituting the four ambiguous points into the simulation calculation may generate a large operation load, and may also make the obtained cell structure incomplete, thereby reducing the strength of the cell structure in the actual printing process. Therefore, in this embodiment, the attribution area is set by calculating the volume of the cell structure located at the junction in each partition, that is, the volume of the cell structure contained in the adjacent partition is calculated, the area containing the largest volume of the cell structure is selected as the affiliated area of the cell structure, and when the cell structure parameter is designed, the parameter design is performed by dividing the whole cell structure into the area, that is, the parameter of the cell structure is designed based on the response electromagnetic band of the affiliated area. For example, referring to fig. 4 and fig. 5 of the specification, since the right area of the edge line A1 contains more cell structures, when designing parameters, the cell structures are entirely divided into the right area for parameter design, so that the cell structures are complete and the occurrence of ambiguous points is reduced.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, in order to improve the working efficiency and reduce the workload, after the electromagnetic radiation results of all the partitions of the part are obtained, and after the response electromagnetic wave bands of all the partitions are obtained through data processing and calculation, overall analysis is performed on the partitions based on the results of the response electromagnetic wave bands of all the partitions, and the partitions with relatively similar response electromagnetic wave bands are combined to form a large partition, so that the printing path is set based on the adaptability of the large partition, thereby realizing the partition printing. Of course, at the junction of the merged large partitions, if the situation that the whole cell structure spans across multiple adjacent partitions still exists, the cell structure still needs to be divided into corresponding partitions in the above manner, and then parameter design is performed based on the partitions.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that the more similar partitions may be regions where the response electromagnetic bands of the two partitions differ by less than 5%.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the application in any way, but any simple modification, equivalent variation, etc. of the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present application falls within the scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The adaptive design method of the cross-size stealth structure based on FDM additive manufacturing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, determining the direction of the part irradiated by electromagnetic waves based on the installation position of the part in an airplane;
S2, performing multiple simulation on the part according to different wave bands to obtain electromagnetic radiation results of each partition of the part;
s3, obtaining a design electromagnetic wave band of any subarea based on an electromagnetic radiation result obtained by analog simulation;
S4, designing a cell structure of the part in the area based on the designed electromagnetic wave band to obtain cell structure parameters with the best shielding effect on the wave band, and finally completing the design of the stealth structure of the whole part; and calculating the volume of the cell structure in the adjacent subareas for the cell structure at the juncture of the adjacent subareas, wherein the area with the largest volume of the cell structure is the area to which the cell structure belongs, and when the cell structure parameters are designed, the cell structure is integrally drawn into the area to which the cell structure belongs for parameter design.
2. The adaptive design method for the cross-dimensional stealth structure based on FDM additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic radiation results of each partition of the obtained part are: for any subarea, the electromagnetic waves with different wave bands are affected during simulation, and the corresponding response electromagnetic wave bands are respectively。
3. The adaptive design method for the cross-dimensional stealth structure based on the FDM additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic radiation result based on the simulation is obtained to obtain a design electromagnetic wave band of the partition, and the method comprises the following steps: and carrying out weighted summation on electromagnetic radiation results obtained by simulation to finally obtain the design electromagnetic wave band of the subarea.
4. The adaptive design method for a cross-dimensional stealth structure based on FDM additive manufacturing of claim 1, wherein the cell structure parameters include: geometry size of the cell.
5. The adaptive design method of the cross-dimensional stealth structure based on FDM additive manufacturing of claim 1, wherein after electromagnetic radiation results of all partitions are obtained, overall analysis is performed on the partitions based on the results of the electromagnetic wave bands designed by all the partitions, and the partitions with relatively similar designed electromagnetic wave bands are combined to form a large partition, so that printing paths are set based on the adaptability of the large partition.
6. The adaptive design method for the cross-dimensional stealth structure based on FDM additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein each partition of the part refers to a result based on grid division of simulation software or a fine grid structure cut out by the grid division software.
7. The adaptive design method for a cross-dimensional stealth structure based on FDM additive manufacturing of claim 6, wherein the size of the grid structure is an integer multiple of the size of the cell structure.
8. The adaptive design method for a cross-dimensional stealth structure based on FDM additive manufacturing of claim 1, wherein cells are divided into partitions containing the largest volume of cells when the cells are located at the junctions of adjacent partitions.
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| CN111695217A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | Wide-angle wave-absorbing structure design method based on additive manufacturing |
| CN112209733A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-12 | 南京信息工程大学 | A carbon nanotube-based broadband electromagnetic wave absorbing honeycomb metamaterial and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111695217A (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | Wide-angle wave-absorbing structure design method based on additive manufacturing |
| CN112209733A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-12 | 南京信息工程大学 | A carbon nanotube-based broadband electromagnetic wave absorbing honeycomb metamaterial and preparation method thereof |
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