CN117110645B - Wind speed sensor system and method based on fiber bragg grating - Google Patents
Wind speed sensor system and method based on fiber bragg grating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117110645B CN117110645B CN202310988443.5A CN202310988443A CN117110645B CN 117110645 B CN117110645 B CN 117110645B CN 202310988443 A CN202310988443 A CN 202310988443A CN 117110645 B CN117110645 B CN 117110645B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- sensing
- grating
- optical fiber
- wind speed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/26—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting optical wave
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a wind speed sensor system and a method based on fiber bragg gratings, comprising a pumping light source, a sensing light source, a circulator, a wavelength division multiplexer, a fiber optic sensing probe and a wavelength demodulation unit, wherein the pumping light source is used for generating pumping light to heat doped fibers by using the pumping light, the sensing light source is used for generating sensing light, the circulator is used for transmitting the sensing light and isolating grating reflection signals, the wavelength division multiplexer is used for multiplexing the pumping light and the sensing light into the doped fibers, the fiber optic sensing probe is used for transmitting the pumping light to heat and wind speed the doped fibers and reflect sensing signals and reference signals, and the wavelength demodulator is used for receiving the sensing signals and the reference signals to calculate the central wavelength drift amount influenced by wind speed according to the first central wavelength of the sensing signals and the second central wavelength of the reference signals respectively and calculate the wind field wind speed based on the central wavelength drift amount. The invention has simple structure and low manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind speed sensing, in particular to a wind speed sensor system and a wind speed sensor method based on fiber bragg gratings.
Background
Wind speed is a concept for measuring air flow speed, and wind speed sensing has important significance in the fields of industry, agriculture, disaster early warning, transportation and the like.
Common anemometers are cup anemometers, acoustic anemometers, and hot wire anemometers. Cup anemometers are the most common anemometers, and the air flow causes the cup to rotate, and the wind speed is obtained by measuring the rotational angular velocity. Such anemometers, while simple in structure, are bulky, complex in circuitry and low in accuracy. The principle of the acoustic anemometer is that the speed of the fluid in different states for transmitting the ultrasonic wave is different, when the propagation direction of the ultrasonic wave is consistent with the air flow direction, the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave is increased, otherwise, the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave is reduced. The ultrasonic anemometer has good directivity, but has a complex structure and high cost. The hot wire anemometer is based on the heat balance principle, the probe used is a metal wire heated by current, the change of the wind speed can lead to the temperature change of the metal wire, and the wind speed can be obtained by measuring the temperature change. On this basis, a hot wire type anemometer based on an optical fiber has been developed, wherein a sensing probe of the anemometer is an optical fiber with a surface coated with a metal film, the metal film is heated by a metal electrode, or the metal film is heated by a pump laser by designing a special optical fiber probe structure.
The existing hot wire type anemometer based on the optical fiber has the advantages of small volume, quick response, high precision and the like, but because the electrode and the metal film exist, the sensor probe is complex in structure, poor in stability and not suitable for flammable and explosive places and the like, and calibration is needed during measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is necessary to provide a fiber grating-based wind speed sensor system and a method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the sensor probe in the existing fiber grating-based wind speed sensing technology has a complex structure, poor stability, is not suitable for flammable and explosive places, and is required to be calibrated during measurement.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a wind speed sensor system based on fiber bragg grating, which comprises a pumping light source, a sensing light source, a circulator, a wavelength division multiplexer, a fiber optic sensing probe and a wavelength demodulation unit,
The pump light source is used for generating pump light so as to heat the doped optical fiber by utilizing the pump light, wherein the doped optical fiber is arranged in the optical fiber sensing probe;
a sensing light source for generating sensing light;
the circulator is used for transmitting the sensing light and isolating grating reflection signals;
the wavelength division multiplexer is used for multiplexing the pump light and the sensing light into a doped optical fiber;
The optical fiber sensing probe is used for transmitting pump light to heat and wind speed sense the doped optical fiber and reflect sensing signals and reference signals;
And the wavelength demodulator is used for receiving the sensing signal and the reference signal, calculating the central wavelength drift amount influenced by the wind speed according to the first central wavelength of the sensing signal and the second central wavelength of the reference signal respectively, and calculating the wind field wind speed based on the central wavelength drift amount.
Further, the optical fiber sensing probe comprises a doped optical fiber, a first optical fiber grating, a second optical fiber grating, a ventilation pipe and a wind isolating pipe, wherein the first optical fiber grating is arranged in the ventilation pipe, and the second optical fiber grating is arranged in the wind isolating pipe;
The doped optical fiber is used for absorbing the pump light power to realize self-heating of the optical fiber and transmitting the sensing signal and the reference signal;
the first fiber bragg grating is used for sensing wind speed and transmitting the sensing signals;
the second fiber bragg grating is used for transmitting the reference signal;
a ventilation pipe for forming air convection so that the first fiber grating is exposed to the wind field;
And the air isolation pipe is used for isolating the air flow around the second fiber grating so as to prevent the second fiber grating from being influenced by a wind field.
Further, the first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating are inscribed on the doped fiber to form an integrated structure;
or fixing the first fiber grating and the second fiber grating with the doped fiber side by side to form a dual-fiber structure.
The first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating are fiber bragg gratings.
Further, the central wavelength of the first fiber bragg grating is 1550nm, the length is 5mm, the central wavelength of the second fiber bragg grating is 1553nm, the length is 5mm, and the interval between the first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating is 3cm.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
The absorption coefficient of the doped optical fiber is 0.71dB/cm, the working wavelength is 1250-1620nm, and the length is set to be 10cm;
the doped optical fiber includes any one of an erbium-doped optical fiber, a neodymium-doped optical fiber, and a cobalt-doped optical fiber.
Further, the vent pipe is made of stainless steel, the inner diameter of the vent pipe is 3mm, the outer diameter of the vent pipe is 4mm, and the vent pipe is not subjected to sealing treatment.
Further, the air isolation pipe is made of polyvinyl chloride material, the inner diameter of the air isolation pipe is 0.6mm, the outer diameter of the air isolation pipe is 1mm, and the air isolation pipe is subjected to sealing treatment.
Further, the power of the pumping light source is 1500mw, and the pumping light source is a semiconductor laser or a YAG laser;
The sensing light source is a tunable laser or a solid state laser.
Further, the wavelength demodulator is a spectrometer;
The spectrometer is specifically used for acquiring the spectrum of the sensing signal reflected by the first fiber grating and the spectrum of the reference signal reflected by the second fiber grating.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a wind speed sensing method based on fiber bragg grating, including:
Generating pump light through a pump light source, wherein the pump light passes through a wavelength division multiplexer and reaches the doped optical fiber so as to heat the doped optical fiber;
Generating sensing light through a sensing light source, wherein the sensing light passes through a circulator and a wavelength division multiplexer to the doped optical fiber so that the sensing light is transmitted on the doped optical fiber;
Transmitting a sensing signal through a first fiber bragg grating, wherein the first fiber bragg grating is arranged in the ventilation pipe;
transmitting a reference signal through a second fiber bragg grating, wherein the second fiber bragg grating is arranged in the air isolation pipe;
and receiving the sensing signal and the reference signal through a wavelength demodulator to calculate a center wavelength drift amount influenced by the wind speed according to a first center wavelength of the sensing signal and a second center wavelength of the reference signal respectively, and calculating the wind field wind speed based on the center wavelength drift amount.
The beneficial effects of adopting the embodiment are as follows:
The invention generates pumping light through a pumping light source to realize self-heating of an optical fiber, sensing light and multiplexing the pumping light into a doped optical fiber, when the wind speed in a wind field changes, a first fiber bragg grating in an optical fiber sensing probe is arranged in a ventilation pipe, the central wavelength of reflected light of the first fiber bragg grating drifts and is used as a sensing signal, a second fiber bragg grating is arranged in an air isolation pipe, the reflected light of the second fiber bragg grating is used as a reference signal, and finally the central wavelengths of the sensing signal and the reference signal received by a wavelength demodulator are differed, so that the central wavelength drift influenced by the wind speed can be obtained, and the wind speed in the wind field can be indirectly obtained. The system has simpler structure and lower cost than the traditional fiber grating wind speed sensor, and adopts one grating arranged in the ventilation pipe for sensing and one grating arranged in the air isolation pipe for reference, thereby avoiding the problem of cross sensitivity of the ambient temperature and avoiding calibration during measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fiber grating-based wind speed sensor system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber sensing probe according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a fiber grating-based wind speed sensing method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the application is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the application, are used to explain the principles of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Furthermore, the meaning of "a plurality of" means two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise. Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
The invention provides a wind speed sensing system and a method based on a fiber bragg grating, which utilize the thermal effect of doped fibers, pump laser is used for heating the grating, and the heated grating can generate heat losses with different degrees under different wind speeds, so that the central position of the reflection wavelength of the grating is influenced, and the wind speed is indirectly measured by measuring the drift amount of the reflection spectrum central wavelength of the grating.
Specific embodiments are described in detail below:
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a wind speed sensor system based on fiber grating according to the present invention, which includes a pumping light source 1, a sensing light source 2, a circulator 3, a wavelength division multiplexer 4, a fiber sensing probe 5 and a wavelength demodulation unit 6,
The optical fiber sensing probe comprises a pump light source, a light source and a light source, wherein the pump light source is used for generating pump light to heat the doped optical fiber by utilizing the pump light, and the optical fiber sensing probe comprises the doped optical fiber;
a sensing light source for generating sensing light;
the circulator is used for transmitting the sensing light and isolating grating reflection signals;
the wavelength division multiplexer is used for multiplexing the pump light and the sensing light into a doped optical fiber;
The optical fiber sensing probe is used for transmitting pump light to heat and wind speed sense the doped optical fiber and reflect sensing signals and reference signals;
And the wavelength demodulator is used for receiving the sensing signal and the reference signal, calculating the central wavelength drift amount influenced by the wind speed according to the first central wavelength of the sensing signal and the second central wavelength of the reference signal respectively, and calculating the wind field wind speed based on the central wavelength drift amount.
It can be understood that the pump light source emits pump light to the doped optical fiber through the wavelength division multiplexer, the doped optical fiber absorbs the energy of the pump light and converts the light energy into heat energy to realize self-heating of the optical fiber, the sensing light source emits sensing light to the doped optical fiber through the circulator and the wavelength division multiplexer, when the wind speed changes in the wind field, the doped optical fiber is heated and the wind speed is sensed, the reflected signal is used as a reflected sensing signal and a reflected reference signal, the sensing signal and the reference signal are transmitted to the wavelength demodulator through the wavelength division multiplexer and the circulator, and finally the center wavelengths of the sensing signal and the reference signal received by the wavelength demodulator are subjected to difference, so that the center wavelength drift amount influenced by the wind speed can be obtained, and the wind speed in the wind field can be indirectly obtained.
The invention generates pumping light through a pumping light source to realize self-heating of an optical fiber, sensing light and multiplexing the pumping light into a doped optical fiber, when the wind speed in a wind field changes, a first fiber bragg grating in an optical fiber sensing probe is arranged in a ventilation pipe, the central wavelength of reflected light of the first fiber bragg grating drifts and is used as a sensing signal, a second fiber bragg grating is arranged in an air isolation pipe, the reflected light of the second fiber bragg grating is used as a reference signal, and finally the central wavelengths of the sensing signal and the reference signal received by a wavelength demodulator are differed, so that the central wavelength drift influenced by the wind speed can be obtained, and the wind speed in the wind field can be indirectly obtained. The system has simpler structure and lower cost than the traditional fiber grating wind speed sensor, and adopts one grating arranged in the ventilation pipe for sensing and one grating arranged in the air isolation pipe for reference, thereby avoiding the problem of cross sensitivity of the ambient temperature and avoiding calibration during measurement.
In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber sensing probe provided in one embodiment of the present invention, where the optical fiber sensing probe 5 includes a doped optical fiber 51, a first optical fiber grating 52, a second optical fiber grating 53, a ventilation pipe 54, and a wind blocking pipe 55, the first optical fiber grating is disposed in the ventilation pipe, and the second optical fiber grating is disposed in the wind blocking pipe;
The doped optical fiber is used for absorbing the pump light power to realize self-heating of the optical fiber and transmitting the sensing signal and the reference signal;
the first fiber bragg grating is used for sensing wind speed and transmitting the sensing signals;
the second fiber bragg grating is used for transmitting the reference signal;
a ventilation pipe for forming air convection so that the first fiber grating is exposed to the wind field;
And the air isolation pipe is used for isolating the air flow around the second fiber grating so as to prevent the second fiber grating from being influenced by a wind field.
It can be understood that the first fiber bragg grating is arranged in the ventilation pipe, the first fiber bragg grating can be influenced by a wind field, heat is lost, the central wavelength of reflected light of the first fiber bragg grating shifts, different heat losses and different shift amounts exist under different wind speeds, the reflected light of the first fiber bragg grating is used as a sensing signal, the second fiber bragg grating is arranged in the air isolation pipe and is not influenced by wind speed change in the wind field, the reflected light of the second fiber bragg grating is used as a reference signal, and the sensing signal reflected by the first fiber bragg grating and the reference signal reflected by the second fiber bragg grating are used as reference signals.
Therefore, the wind speed sensor based on the fiber bragg grating provided by the invention only comprises one doped fiber, two gratings, a ventilation pipe and a wind isolation pipe, and has a simpler structure and lower cost than the existing fiber bragg grating wind speed sensor. Compared with the traditional fiber grating sensor, the fiber grating sensor has no metal film and electrode, so the fiber grating sensor is more corrosion-resistant, has higher stability and is also suitable for flammable and explosive places. And a grating arranged in the ventilation pipe is used for sensing, and a grating arranged in the air isolation pipe is used for reference, so that the problem of cross sensitivity of the ambient temperature is avoided, and calibration is not needed during measurement.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first fiber grating and the second fiber grating are inscribed on a doped fiber to form an integrated structure;
or fixing the first fiber grating and the second fiber grating with the doped fiber side by side to form a dual-fiber structure.
The first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating are fiber bragg gratings.
It can be understood that the first fiber grating and the second fiber grating can be directly inscribed on the doped fiber to form an integrated structure, or the first fiber grating and the second fiber grating can be fixed with the doped fiber side by side to form a dual-fiber structure, and more specifically, the first fiber grating and the second fiber grating are fiber Bragg gratings.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first fiber bragg grating has a center wavelength of 1550nm and a length of 5mm, the second fiber bragg grating has a center wavelength of 1553nm and a length of 5mm, and the first fiber bragg grating is spaced 3cm from the second fiber bragg grating.
In one embodiment of the present invention,
The absorption coefficient of the doped optical fiber is 0.71dB/cm, the working wavelength is 1250-1620nm, and the length is set to be 10cm;
the doped optical fiber includes any one of an erbium-doped optical fiber, a neodymium-doped optical fiber, and a cobalt-doped optical fiber.
It can be understood that the doped optical fiber is used for absorbing the power of the pump light to realize self-heating of the optical fiber and transmitting the sensing signal and the reference signal, and specifically, the absorption coefficient of the doped optical fiber is 0.71dB/cm, and the absorption coefficient is relatively large, so that the temperature rise of the optical fiber after absorbing the power of the pump light is high enough, the working wavelength is 1250-1620nm, and the length is set to 10cm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the vent tube is made of stainless steel, the inner diameter of the vent tube is 3mm, the outer diameter of the vent tube is 4mm, and the vent tube is not subjected to sealing treatment.
In one embodiment of the invention, the air-blocking pipe is made of polyvinyl chloride material, the inner diameter of the air-blocking pipe is 0.6mm, the outer diameter of the air-blocking pipe is 1mm, and the air-blocking pipe is subjected to sealing treatment.
It is understood that the ventilation pipe is used for forming air convection, so that the first fiber Bragg grating is exposed in the wind field, the ventilation pipe is a hollow cylinder with the diameter larger than that of the optical fiber, and sealing treatment is not performed, so that air convection can be formed, and the material can be stainless steel, copper and the like. Specifically, the vent tube has an inner diameter of 3mm and an outer diameter of 4mm.
The air isolation pipe is used for isolating air flow around the second fiber Bragg grating, so that the second fiber Bragg grating is not influenced by a wind field, is a hollow cylinder with the diameter larger than that of the fiber and a certain thickness, and is subjected to sealing treatment, so that the second fiber Bragg grating is isolated from air flow, and the material can be polyvinyl chloride, quartz glass and the like. Specifically, the inner diameter of the air isolation pipe is 0.6mm, and the outer diameter is 1mm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the power of the pumping light source is 1500mw, the pumping light source is a semiconductor laser or a YAG laser, the sensing light source is a tunable laser or a solid laser, and the wavelength demodulator is a spectrometer, and the spectrometer is specifically used for acquiring the spectrum of the sensing signal reflected by the first fiber grating and the spectrum of the reference signal reflected by the second fiber grating.
It will be appreciated that the pump light source is used to provide excitation power for the doped fiber, and may be a semiconductor laser, a YAG laser, etc., which is not further limited in the present invention, and the power of the pump light source is set to 1500mw, and too small power may cause a small change in the fiber temperature in response to the temperature measurement sensitivity. The sensing light source is used for emitting an optical signal for sensing, wherein the sensing light source is a continuous light source and can be a semiconductor laser, a solid state laser and the like. The wavelength demodulator, i.e. the spectrometer, is used to obtain the spectrum of the sensing signal reflected by the first fiber bragg grating and the spectrum of the reference signal reflected by the second fiber bragg grating.
In order to better implement the wind speed sensing system based on the fiber bragg grating in the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3 correspondingly on the basis of the wind speed sensing system based on the fiber bragg grating, fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a wind speed sensing method based on the fiber bragg grating provided by the present invention, and the embodiment of the present invention provides a wind speed sensing method based on the fiber bragg grating, which includes:
Step 301, generating pump light through a pump light source, wherein the pump light passes through a wavelength division multiplexer and reaches the doped optical fiber so as to heat the doped optical fiber;
Step S302, generating sensing light through a sensing light source, wherein the sensing light passes through a circulator and a wavelength division multiplexer to the doped optical fiber so as to enable the sensing light to be transmitted on the doped optical fiber;
Step S303, transmitting a sensing signal through a first fiber bragg grating, wherein the first fiber bragg grating is arranged in a ventilation pipe;
Step S304, transmitting a reference signal through a second fiber bragg grating, wherein the second fiber bragg grating is arranged in the air isolation pipe;
And step S305, receiving the sensing signal and the reference signal through a wavelength demodulator to calculate a center wavelength drift amount influenced by the wind speed according to the first center wavelength of the sensing signal and the second center wavelength of the reference signal respectively, and calculating the wind field wind speed based on the center wavelength drift amount.
It can be understood that the pump light emitted by the pump light source is sent to the doped optical fiber through the wavelength division multiplexer, the doped optical fiber absorbs the energy of the pump light, the light energy is converted into heat energy, the self-heating of the optical fiber is realized, the sensing light emitted by the sensing light source is sent to the doped optical fiber through the circulator and the wavelength division multiplexer, when the wind speed changes in the wind field, the first fiber grating is arranged in the ventilation pipe and can be influenced by the wind field, the heat is lost, the central wavelength of the reflected light drifts, different heat losses and drift amounts exist under different wind speeds, the reflected light is used as a sensing signal, the second fiber grating is arranged in the air isolation pipe and is not influenced by the wind speed changes in the wind field, the reflected light is used as a reference signal, and finally the sensing signal and the reference signal are sent to the wavelength demodulator through the wavelength division multiplexer and the circulator, and the central wavelength of the sensing signal and the reference signal received by the wavelength demodulator are subjected to difference, so that the central wavelength drift amount influenced by the wind speed can be obtained, and the wind speed in the wind field can be indirectly obtained.
Therefore, the wind speed sensor based on the fiber bragg grating provided by the invention only comprises one doped fiber, two gratings, a ventilation pipe and a wind isolation pipe, and has a simpler structure and lower cost than the existing fiber bragg grating wind speed sensor. Compared with the traditional fiber grating sensor, the fiber grating sensor has no metal film and electrode, so the fiber grating sensor is more corrosion-resistant, has higher stability and is also suitable for flammable and explosive places. And a grating arranged in the ventilation pipe is used for sensing, and a grating arranged in the air isolation pipe is used for reference, so that the problem of cross sensitivity of the ambient temperature is avoided, and calibration is not needed during measurement.
It should be noted that, the wind speed sensing method based on the fiber bragg grating provided in the above embodiment may implement the technical solutions described in the above system embodiments, which are not described herein again.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the flow of the methods of the embodiments described above may be accomplished by way of a computer program to instruct associated hardware, where the program may be stored on a computer readable storage medium. Wherein the computer readable storage medium is a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory or a random access memory, etc.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a wind speed sensor system based on fiber bragg grating, includes pumping light source, sensing light source, circulator, wavelength division multiplexer, fiber optic sensing probe and wavelength demodulation unit, its characterized in that:
The optical fiber sensing probe comprises a pump light source, a light source and a light source, wherein the pump light source is used for generating pump light to heat the doped optical fiber by utilizing the pump light, and the optical fiber sensing probe comprises the doped optical fiber;
a sensing light source for generating sensing light;
the circulator is used for transmitting the sensing light and isolating grating reflection signals;
the wavelength division multiplexer is used for multiplexing the pump light and the sensing light into a doped optical fiber;
The optical fiber sensing probe is used for transmitting pump light to heat and wind speed sense the doped optical fiber and reflect sensing signals and reference signals;
The optical fiber sensing probe comprises a doped optical fiber, a first optical fiber grating, a second optical fiber grating, a ventilation pipe and a wind isolating pipe, wherein the first optical fiber grating is arranged in the ventilation pipe, and the second optical fiber grating is arranged in the wind isolating pipe;
The doped optical fiber is used for absorbing the pump light power to realize self-heating of the optical fiber and transmitting the sensing signal and the reference signal;
the first fiber bragg grating is used for sensing wind speed and transmitting the sensing signals;
the second fiber bragg grating is used for transmitting the reference signal;
a ventilation pipe for forming air convection so that the first fiber grating is exposed to the wind field;
the air isolation pipe is used for isolating air flow around the second fiber grating so that the second fiber grating is not influenced by a wind field;
And the wavelength demodulator is used for receiving the sensing signal and the reference signal, calculating the central wavelength drift amount influenced by the wind speed according to the first central wavelength of the sensing signal and the second central wavelength of the reference signal respectively, and calculating the wind field wind speed based on the central wavelength drift amount.
2. The fiber grating-based wind speed sensor system of claim 1, wherein the first fiber grating and the second fiber grating are inscribed on doped fibers to form a unitary structure;
Or, the first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating are fixed with the doped fiber side by side to form a dual-fiber structure;
the first fiber bragg grating and the second fiber bragg grating are fiber bragg gratings.
3. The fiber grating-based wind speed sensor system of claim 1, wherein the first fiber grating has a center wavelength of 1550nm and a length of 5mm, the second fiber grating has a center wavelength of 1553nm and a length of 5mm, and the first fiber grating is spaced 3cm from the second fiber grating.
4. The fiber grating-based wind speed sensor system of claim 1, wherein,
The absorption coefficient of the doped optical fiber is 0.71dB/cm, the working wavelength is 1250-1620nm, and the length is set to be 10cm;
the doped optical fiber includes any one of an erbium-doped optical fiber, a neodymium-doped optical fiber, and a cobalt-doped optical fiber.
5. The fiber bragg grating-based wind speed sensor system according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation tube is made of stainless steel material, the inner diameter of the ventilation tube is 3mm, the outer diameter is 4mm, and the ventilation tube is not sealed.
6. The fiber bragg grating-based wind speed sensor system according to claim 1, wherein the air blocking pipe is made of polyvinyl chloride material, the inner diameter of the air blocking pipe is 0.6mm, the outer diameter of the air blocking pipe is 1mm, and the air blocking pipe is subjected to sealing treatment.
7. The fiber grating-based wind speed sensor system of claim 1, wherein the pump light source has a power of 1500mw and is a semiconductor laser or a YAG laser;
The sensing light source is a tunable laser or a solid state laser.
8. The fiber grating-based wind speed sensor system of claim 1, wherein the wavelength demodulator is a spectrometer;
The spectrometer is specifically used for acquiring the spectrum of the sensing signal reflected by the first fiber grating and the spectrum of the reference signal reflected by the second fiber grating.
9. A fiber bragg grating-based wind speed sensing method applied to the fiber bragg grating-based wind speed sensing system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises:
Generating pump light through a pump light source, wherein the pump light passes through a wavelength division multiplexer and reaches the doped optical fiber so as to heat the doped optical fiber;
Generating sensing light through a sensing light source, wherein the sensing light passes through a circulator and a wavelength division multiplexer to the doped optical fiber so that the sensing light is transmitted on the doped optical fiber;
Transmitting a sensing signal through a first fiber bragg grating, wherein the first fiber bragg grating is arranged in the ventilation pipe;
transmitting a reference signal through a second fiber bragg grating, wherein the second fiber bragg grating is arranged in the air isolation pipe;
and receiving the sensing signal and the reference signal through a wavelength demodulator to calculate a center wavelength drift amount influenced by the wind speed according to a first center wavelength of the sensing signal and a second center wavelength of the reference signal respectively, and calculating the wind field wind speed based on the center wavelength drift amount.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310988443.5A CN117110645B (en) | 2023-08-07 | 2023-08-07 | Wind speed sensor system and method based on fiber bragg grating |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310988443.5A CN117110645B (en) | 2023-08-07 | 2023-08-07 | Wind speed sensor system and method based on fiber bragg grating |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117110645A CN117110645A (en) | 2023-11-24 |
| CN117110645B true CN117110645B (en) | 2025-01-03 |
Family
ID=88811964
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310988443.5A Active CN117110645B (en) | 2023-08-07 | 2023-08-07 | Wind speed sensor system and method based on fiber bragg grating |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117110645B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103148902A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-06-12 | 中国计量学院 | Doped fiber bragg grating-based optical fiber flow sensor |
| CN105953940A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-21 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Temperature, humidity and wind speed integrated sensing system of fiber grating |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111964740B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2023-09-22 | 西北大学 | Thermal fiber bragg grating flow sensor for production logging and manufacturing method |
| CN112098677B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-04-05 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | A high-low-range integrated optical fiber flow velocity measuring device and method thereof |
| CN114414838B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2024-06-25 | 山东微感光电子有限公司 | Wind speed measurement system and method based on VCSEL wavelength demodulation and pulse light source heating |
| CN114675053B (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-08-01 | 广东工业大学 | Intensity demodulation type wind speed sensor based on chirped fiber grating |
| CN115267253A (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2022-11-01 | 天津大学 | Flow velocity measuring method based on unbalanced mach zehnder interferometer and fiber grating |
-
2023
- 2023-08-07 CN CN202310988443.5A patent/CN117110645B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103148902A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-06-12 | 中国计量学院 | Doped fiber bragg grating-based optical fiber flow sensor |
| CN105953940A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-21 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Temperature, humidity and wind speed integrated sensing system of fiber grating |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117110645A (en) | 2023-11-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9557344B2 (en) | Sensor for measuring flow speed of a fluid | |
| US5302025A (en) | Optical systems for sensing temperature and other physical parameters | |
| US8417084B2 (en) | Distributed optical pressure and temperature sensors | |
| AU2017202878A1 (en) | Temperature sensor and temperature sensing system based on active phase-shifted fibre grating | |
| CN107505477B (en) | A three-dimensional fiber Bragg grating wind speed and direction sensor and system | |
| CN103148902A (en) | Doped fiber bragg grating-based optical fiber flow sensor | |
| CN103557960A (en) | Fabry-Perot fiber-optic temperature sensing system and method | |
| CN102410850A (en) | Reflective optical fiber sensor device | |
| CN108414036B (en) | Quasi-distributed flow velocity monitoring system | |
| CN103983385B (en) | A kind of method of elliposoidal fibre optic compression sensor and detection fiber fault pressure spot | |
| US4639594A (en) | Fiberoptic probe and method of making and using | |
| CN117110645B (en) | Wind speed sensor system and method based on fiber bragg grating | |
| CN110044441A (en) | A kind of plastic optical fiber liquid level sensor of more tooth type structures and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112964386B (en) | A kind of optical fiber FP resonant cavity temperature sensor and manufacturing method | |
| CN204302180U (en) | A kind of trace-gas sensors light path system and air chamber | |
| US10527502B2 (en) | Temperature sensor | |
| EP3096117A1 (en) | A temperature sensor | |
| CN114675053A (en) | Intensity demodulation wind speed sensor based on chirped fiber grating | |
| CN109839211B (en) | Distributed optical fiber water body temperature and flow velocity distribution measuring device | |
| JP4862594B2 (en) | Optical fiber sensor | |
| CN111537009A (en) | Disposable optical fiber temperature and pressure sensor and its sensing system based on spectral partitioning | |
| CN114354974B (en) | Distributed wind speed sensor based on double-core optical fiber, measuring device and method | |
| CN103852190A (en) | Fiber bragg grating sensor for measuring temperature in ArF excimer laser cavity | |
| CN114264838A (en) | Fiber Bragg Grating Hot Wire Wind Velocity Sensor and Measuring Device Based on Multi-core Fiber | |
| CN108469284B (en) | Thermal type gas flowmeter based on fiber bragg grating |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |