CN117108388B

CN117108388B - Air-cooled engine

Info

Publication number: CN117108388B
Application number: CN202311048914.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡仁学; 李大治; 陈群星; 蒋全领
Original assignee: Guangdong Xiapeng Locomotive Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Xiapeng Locomotive Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-08-18
Filing date: 2023-08-18
Publication date: 2024-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2043-08-18
Also published as: CN117108388A

Abstract

The invention discloses an air-cooled engine, which comprises a crank case, a cylinder and a cylinder head assembly, wherein a cam is arranged in the cylinder head assembly, a rocker arm is arranged on the cylinder head assembly, the middle part of the rocker arm is hinged on the cylinder head assembly, the rocker arm comprises a support body, one end of the support body is a contact end which is in contact with the cam, a roller is arranged on the contact end, the roller is rotatably arranged on the support body through a pin shaft, the gap between the two sides of the roller and the support body is smaller than 0.2mm, an oil storage tank with an upper opening is arranged on at least one side of the roller, and the oil storage tank is communicated with the gap between the roller and the support body. According to the air-cooled engine, the oil storage tank is additionally arranged on the support body of the rocker arm, engine oil can be easily stored in the oil storage tank, and can rapidly flow between the roller and the pin shaft in a large amount through the gap for full lubrication, so that the problem that the roller and the pin shaft generate high temperature due to lack of engine oil is solved, and the heat dissipation requirement is reduced; the structure also solves the problem of abrasion between the roller and the pin shaft caused by poor lubrication.

Description

Air-cooled engine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engines, in particular to an air-cooled engine applied to a motorcycle.

Background

With the increase of consumer level, consumers demand large-row engines, but the heat load in the engine is increased due to the increase of the discharge capacity of the large-row engines, generally, the engine with the discharge capacity of 250-350cc is required to be cooled in an oil cooling mode and a water cooling mode due to the large heat load, so that the heat load in the engine is reduced, but the production cost and the volume of the engine are increased due to the two cooling modes. Therefore, to meet consumer demand, it is desirable to develop an air-cooled engine with a displacement of between 250-350 cc.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve one of the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides an air-cooled engine, which optimizes the structure of the engine, reduces the heat load of the engine, adopts an air cooling mode to cool, and ensures that the engine has small volume, compact structure and low cost.

According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, an air-cooled engine comprises a crankcase, a cylinder and a cylinder head assembly, wherein the crankcase comprises a left box body and a right box body, a crankshaft is arranged in the crankcase, a clutch assembly is arranged on one side of the crankshaft, the cylinder is arranged on the crankcase, the cylinder head assembly is arranged on the cylinder, a cam is arranged in the cylinder head assembly, and a plurality of cooling fins are arranged on the cylinder;

The cylinder head assembly is provided with a rocker arm, the middle part of the rocker arm is hinged to the cylinder head assembly, the rocker arm comprises a support body, one end of the support body is a contact end which is connected with a cam, a roller is arranged on the contact end, the roller is rotatably arranged on the support body through a pin shaft, gaps between two sides of the roller and the support body are smaller than 0.2mm, an oil storage groove with an upper opening is formed in at least one side of the roller, and the oil storage groove is communicated with the gap between the roller and the support body.

The air-cooled engine according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: according to the air-cooled engine, the oil storage tank is additionally arranged on the support body of the rocker arm, engine oil can be easily stored in the oil storage tank, and the engine oil in the oil storage tank can rapidly flow between the roller and the pin shaft in a large amount through the gap for full lubrication, so that the problem that the roller and the pin shaft generate high temperature due to the lack of engine oil can be solved, the heat generated by the engine is reduced, and the heat dissipation requirement is lowered; the structure also solves the problem of abrasion between the roller and the pin shaft caused by poor lubrication. The air-cooled engine optimizes the rocker arm structure and reduces the heat load of the engine, so that the engine can be cooled in an air-cooled mode, and the engine has small volume, compact structure and low cost.

According to some embodiments of the air-cooled engine of the first aspect of the present invention, a cross-sectional area of the sump bottom to the sump top opening is gradually increased.

According to some embodiments of the air-cooled engine of the first aspect of the invention, the bracket body is provided with oil storage grooves on both sides of the roller.

According to some embodiments of the air-cooled engine of the first aspect of the invention, a gap between both sides of the roller and the bracket body is 0.05-0.1mm.

According to some embodiments of the air-cooled engine provided in the first aspect of the present invention, a chain chamber is disposed in the crankcase, the chain chamber is located below the cylinder, an oil return port is disposed on an inner wall of the chain chamber, the oil return port is communicated with the left tank, and engine oil entering the left tank from the oil return port slides down along an inner wall of the left tank. Further, the distance between the oil return port and the bottom of the chain chamber is greater than or equal to one half of the height of the chain chamber.

According to some embodiments of the air-cooled engine of the first aspect of the present invention, a first oil pool is provided at a bottom of the left tank, and engine oil entering the left tank is collected in the first oil pool.

According to some embodiments of the air-cooled engine provided by the first aspect of the present invention, a second oil sump is provided at the bottom of the right tank, a first communication hole is provided on the first oil sump, a second communication hole is provided on the second oil sump, the first communication hole and the second communication hole are oppositely provided to enable the first oil sump and the second oil sump to be communicated, and engine oil in the first oil sump enters the second oil sump through the communication hole.

According to some embodiments of the air-cooled engine of the first aspect of the present invention, a box gasket is disposed between the left box and the right box, and a third communication hole is disposed on the box gasket, where the third communication hole is disposed opposite to the first communication hole and the second communication hole.

According to some embodiments of the air-cooled engine of the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of gears are disposed in the crankcase, wherein at least one gear is disposed to be partially immersed in the second oil sump, and the gears are operative to cause oil in the second oil sump to splash and adhere to an inner wall of the windward side of the right case.

According to some embodiments of the air-cooled engine of the first aspect of the present invention, the cooling fin is provided with air holes.

According to some embodiments of the air-cooled engine of the first aspect of the present invention, the clutch assembly includes a clutch housing, and an oil hole is provided in the clutch housing to communicate with the interior of the clutch assembly, and engine oil flows to the exterior of the clutch assembly through the oil hole.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and do not limit the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an air-cooled engine provided by the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cylinder head assembly.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a rocker arm.

Fig. 4 is a side view of a rocker arm.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of oil in the chain chamber.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the flow of engine oil into the first oil pool along the inner wall of the left casing.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of engine oil in the second oil sump of the right tank.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of engine oil splash by a gear.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the case spacer.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the clutch housing.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the wind direction flow in a horizontal section of the cylinder.

Reference numerals illustrate:

01. A cylinder head assembly; 02. a rocker arm; 03. a crankcase; 04. a clutch assembly; 05. a cylinder;

10. A heat sink; 11. a wind hole; 20. a bracket body; 21. a connecting shaft hole; 22. a roller; 221. needle roller; 222. an outer layer wheel; 23. a pin shaft; 24. a connection end; 25. an oil storage tank; 30. a left box body; 31. a right box body; 32. a chain chamber; 321. an oil return port; 33. a first oil pool; 331. a first communication hole; 34. a second oil pool; 341. a second communication hole; 35. a box gasket; 351. a third communication hole; 36. a gear; 40. a clutch housing; 41. and an oil hole.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings are used to supplement the description of the written description so that one can intuitively and intuitively understand each technical feature and overall technical scheme of the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.

In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.

The air-cooled engine of the present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 12 and the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an air-cooled engine comprising a cylinder head assembly 01, a cylinder 05, a crankcase 03 and a clutch assembly 04. The crankcase 03 includes right box 31 and left box 30, is provided with the bent axle in the crankcase 03, and cylinder 05 sets up on crankcase 03, and cylinder head assembly 01 sets up in cylinder 05 top, is provided with the cam in the cylinder head assembly 01.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a rocker arm 02 is provided on the cylinder head assembly 01. The rocker arm 02 mentioned in the present invention is a part of the cylinder head assembly 01, and is responsible for pushing open the valve of the cylinder head assembly 01 at a proper time to perform air suction or air exhaust.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the rocker arm 02 includes a bracket body 20, a connecting shaft hole 21 is provided in the middle of the bracket body 20, and a rotation shaft passes through the connecting shaft hole 21 to rotatably connect the rocker arm 02 to the cylinder head assembly 01. It will be readily appreciated that the invention is not limited to a particular connection between the rocker arm 02 and the cylinder head assembly 01, and that the rocker arm 02 may be hinged to the cylinder head assembly 01 in other ways.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, one end of the bracket body 20 is a contact end to be coupled with a cam, the other end of the bracket body 20 is a connection end 24, and the connection end 24 is used to connect a valve. In this embodiment, two through holes are provided on the connection end 24, and after the bolts are screwed into the two through holes, the connection between the rocker arm 02 and the valve is achieved by locking with nuts.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, a roller 22 is provided at the contact end, and the roller 22 is rotatably provided to the bracket body 20 through a pin 23. By the contact between the roller 22 and the cam, the sliding friction between the rocker arm 02 and the cam can be converted into rolling friction during the cam action, the friction between the rocker arm 02 and the cam can be reduced, the action of the rocker arm 02 can be smoother, and the heat generated by the friction can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the roller 22 is composed of a needle roller 221 and an outer layer wheel 222, and the needle roller 221 and the pin 23 are in direct contact with each other with rolling friction therebetween. The needle roller 221 and the pin 23 are preferably made of wear-resistant materials. It will be readily appreciated that in other embodiments, the rollers 22 may also be of unitary roller design.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, the gap between the sides of the roller 22 and the bracket body 20 is less than 0.2mm, and preferably, the gap between the sides of the roller 22 and the bracket body 20 is 0.05-0.1mm. The clearance between the roller 22 and the bracket body 20 is limited in a smaller range, so that the stability of the roller 22 can be increased, the swinging of the roller 22 can be reduced, and the problem that the roller gives off abnormal sound can be solved. However, the clearance between the two sides of the roller 22 and the bracket body 20 is controlled within a small range, so that engine oil is difficult to enter between the needle roller 221 and the pin shaft 23, engine oil is lack on the surfaces of the needle roller 221 and the pin shaft 23, friction between the needle roller 221 and the pin shaft 23 is increased, a large amount of friction heat is generated, and meanwhile, the needle roller 221 and the pin shaft 23 are easy to wear, so that the service life of the rocker arm 02 is influenced. In order to solve the problems, the oil storage tanks 25 with upper openings are arranged on two sides of the roller 22 of the bracket body 20, the oil storage tanks 25 are communicated with a gap between the roller 22 and the bracket body 20, the cross-sectional area from the bottom of the oil storage tank 25 to the top opening of the oil storage tank 25 is gradually increased, so that the oil storage tank 25 can easily store engine oil, and the engine oil in the oil storage tank 25 can rapidly flow into a space between the needle rollers 221 and the pin shafts 23 in a large amount through the gap for full lubrication, so that the problem that the needle rollers 221 and the pin shafts 23 generate high temperature due to the lack of engine oil can be solved, the heat generated by an engine is reduced, and the heat dissipation requirement is lowered; the above structure also solves the problem of abrasion between the needle roller 221 and the pin shaft 23 due to poor lubrication.

In order to further improve the heat dissipation effect of the air-cooled engine, the invention also realizes the large circulation of engine oil in the air-cooled engine: engine oil reaches a bearing, a gear, a cylinder head assembly 01 and a cylinder 05 through an oil pump and an inner oil passage, the cylinder head assembly 01 and the cylinder 05 are air-cooled engine heat conversion elements, the temperature is high, and after the engine oil flows back from the cylinder head assembly 01 and the cylinder 05, the engine oil absorbs heat of the cylinder head assembly 01 and the cylinder 05, flows to a crankcase 03 and enters the oil pump again after passing through the crankcase 03.

Referring to fig. 6 to 9, in order to improve the heat dissipation effect of engine oil in a crankcase 03, a chain chamber 32 is arranged in the crankcase 03, an oil return port 321 is arranged on the inner wall of the chain chamber 32, and the oil return port 321 is communicated with a left box 30; a first oil pool 33 is arranged at the lower part of the left box body 30, a second oil pool 34 is arranged at the lower part of the right box body 31, a first communication hole 331 is arranged on the first oil pool 33, a second communication hole 341 is arranged on the second oil pool 34, and the first communication hole 331 and the second communication hole 341 are oppositely arranged to enable the first oil pool 33 to be communicated with the second oil pool 34; a plurality of gears 36 are disposed within the crankcase 03, including balance gears and oil pump gears, with at least one gear 36 being disposed partially submerged within the second sump 34.

Further, referring to fig. 10, a casing gasket 35 is provided between the right casing 31 and the left casing 30, a third communication hole 351 is provided in the casing gasket 35, and the third communication hole 351 is provided to face the first communication hole 331 and the second communication hole 341.

Further, the distance between the oil return port 321 and the bottom of the chain chamber 32 is equal to or greater than one half of the height of the chain chamber 32, and the oil return port 321 is preferably disposed at a position of two thirds of the height of the chain chamber 32. The oil return port 321 is provided at a high position, so that the interior of the chain chamber 32 can always be lubricated with sufficient oil.

The flow process of the engine oil in the crankcase 03 is as follows: the chain chamber 32 is positioned below the cylinder head assembly 01, the engine oil flowing out of the cylinder head assembly 01 is accumulated in the chain chamber 32 to lubricate timing gears and chains in the chain chamber 32, and when the liquid level of the engine oil is higher than the oil return port 321, the engine oil enters the left box 30 through the oil return port 321, as shown in fig. 6; the engine oil entering the left box body 30 from the oil return port 321 slides down to the first oil pool 33 along the inner wall and components of the left box body 30, so that the cooling efficiency of the engine oil is effectively improved, the lubricating effect of the engine oil is improved, and the heating value of components in the crankcase 03 is reduced, as shown in fig. 7; the oil in the first oil pool 33 enters the second oil pool 34 through the communication hole as shown in fig. 8; in the present embodiment, the first oil pool 33 and the second oil pool 34 are appropriately deepened and widened so as to accommodate more engine oil; when the gear 36 in the crankcase 03 runs at a high speed, engine oil splashes under the drive of the gear 36 and adheres to the inner wall of the windward side of the right case 31, thereby achieving the maximum heat dissipation effect, as shown in fig. 9.

Further, referring to fig. 11, the clutch assembly 04 includes a clutch housing 40, a connection part is provided on the clutch housing 40, and a reinforcing rib is provided on the connection part to strengthen the clutch housing 40. The clutch housing 40 is provided with the oil hole 41 communicated with the inside of the clutch assembly 04, engine oil flows to the outside of the clutch assembly 04 through the oil hole 41, so that lubrication is enhanced, friction is reduced, heat generated by friction is reduced, and the heat dissipation requirement of an engine is further reduced.

Furthermore, the crank case 03 is connected with a starting motor, and the starting motor adopts a sinking structure, so that the starting motor is closer to a crank shaft, has quicker response and smaller loss; meanwhile, a balance tooth mechanism with a small center distance is used, so that the vibration of the engine is smaller and the sound is better; the compactness of the mechanism makes the engine body smaller and more suitable for various vehicle types.

Further, as shown in fig. 12, in order to improve the heat dissipation effect of the cylinder head assembly 01 and the cylinder 05, a plurality of heat dissipation fins 10 are arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder head assembly 01 and the cylinder 05, and the heat dissipation area of the cylinder head assembly 01 and the cylinder 05 is effectively improved by enlarging the widened heat dissipation fins 10, so that the temperature rise is reduced; further, the air holes 11 are formed in part of the radiating fins 10, so that the ventilation area of the cylinder head assembly 01 and the cylinder 05 is enlarged, and meanwhile, the arrangement of the air holes 11 plays a certain role in turbulence, so that air flow forms rotational flow at the positions of the air holes, and the air cooling radiating effect is further improved.

The air-cooled engine optimizes the integral structure of the engine, reduces the heat load of the engine on one hand, improves the heat dissipation efficiency on the other hand, and can be cooled in an air cooling mode on the premise of meeting the requirement of 250-350cc displacement, so that the engine has small volume, compact structure and low cost.

While the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The air-cooled engine comprises a crankcase, a cylinder and a cylinder head assembly, wherein the crankcase comprises a left box body and a right box body, a crankshaft is arranged in the crankcase, one side of the crankshaft is provided with a clutch assembly, the cylinder is arranged on the crankcase, the cylinder head assembly is arranged on the cylinder, a cam is arranged in the cylinder head assembly, and a plurality of cooling fins are arranged on the cylinder; the method is characterized in that:

The cylinder head assembly is provided with a rocker arm, the middle part of the rocker arm is hinged to the cylinder head assembly, the rocker arm comprises a support body, one end of the support body is a contact end which is connected with a cam, a roller is arranged on the contact end, the roller is rotatably arranged on the support body through a pin shaft, a gap between two sides of the roller and the support body is smaller than 0.2mm, at least one side of the support body is provided with an oil storage tank with an upper opening, and the oil storage tank is communicated with the gap between the roller and the support body;

The crankcase is internally provided with a chain chamber, the chain chamber is positioned below the cylinder, the inner wall of the chain chamber is provided with an oil return port, the oil return port is communicated with the left box body, engine oil entering the left box body from the oil return port slides down along the inner wall of the left box body, and the distance between the oil return port and the bottom of the chain chamber is greater than or equal to one half of the height of the chain chamber.

2. The air-cooled engine of claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area from the sump bottom to the sump top opening increases gradually.

3. The air-cooled engine of claim 1, wherein a gap between both sides of the roller and the bracket body is 0.05-0.1mm.

4. The air-cooled engine of claim 1, wherein a first oil sump is provided at a bottom of the left tank, and engine oil entering the left tank is collected in the first oil sump.

5. The air-cooled engine of claim 4, wherein a second oil sump is provided at the bottom of the right case, a first communication hole is provided in the first oil sump, a second communication hole is provided in the second oil sump, the first communication hole and the second communication hole are disposed opposite to each other so that the first oil sump and the second oil sump are communicated, and engine oil in the first oil sump enters the second oil sump through the communication hole.

6. An air-cooled engine according to claim 5, wherein a case gasket is provided between the left case and the right case, a third communication hole is provided in the case gasket, and the third communication hole is provided opposite to the first communication hole and the second communication hole.

7. The air-cooled engine of claim 5, wherein a plurality of gears are disposed in the crankcase, wherein at least one gear is disposed to be partially immersed in the second oil sump, and wherein the gears operate to cause oil in the second oil sump to splash and adhere to an inner wall of the windward side of the right housing.

8. The air-cooled engine of claim 1, wherein the cooling fin is provided with air holes.

9. The air-cooled engine of claim 1, wherein the clutch assembly includes a clutch housing provided with an oil hole communicating with the inside of the clutch assembly, and engine oil flows to the outside of the clutch assembly through the oil hole.