CN117074870A - Cable diagnosis method and system - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/11—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks using pulse reflection methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/083—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in cables, e.g. underground
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- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
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Abstract
The application provides a cable diagnosis method and a system, which are used for converting a received fault reflection signal of a cable to be tested into a standard fault reflection signal; determining the angular frequency of a standard fault reflection signal, determining a fault signal loss coefficient according to the angular frequency and the cable material parameter to be tested, and determining the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal according to the fault signal loss coefficient; determining an arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal, and determining a cable fault position according to the arrival time delay and the propagation speed; carrying out frequency spectrum feature extraction on the standard fault reflection signal to obtain a frequency spectrum feature sequence, further determining fault feature matching degree of each frequency spectrum feature, and determining the cable fault type according to the fault feature matching degree of each frequency spectrum feature; the cable fault position and the cable fault type are used as cable fault information, and the cable fault information is sent to a cable manager so as to solve the technical problem that the reliability of the obtained cable fault information is low.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of cable diagnosis, in particular to a cable diagnosis method and system.
Background
Cable diagnostics is a process of detecting, analyzing and evaluating cables to determine potential faults, defects or problems in a cable system and to provide corresponding solutions and maintenance measures, the main purpose of cable diagnostics being to ensure safe operation and reliability of the cable, to prevent faults from occurring and to deal with existing problems in time.
The application of the cable diagnosis technology can improve the reliability and service life of the cable, reduce the probability of fault occurrence and provide effective maintenance and repair measures. The fault location method is crucial to cable equipment in the power system, the communication network and the industrial field, when a fault exists in a cable, the fault location technology can be used for determining the position of the fault, the common fault location method comprises a Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) method and a fault current method, the fault place can be determined by measuring the characteristics of resistance, capacitance, partial discharge and the like of the cable and combining signal processing and reflection principles, but in the prior art, the defects of low accuracy of cable fault location, incomplete cable fault information and the like exist when the cable fault is processed, the reliability of the cable fault information is low, and effective help cannot be provided for judgment of management staff.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a cable diagnosis method and a system, which aim to solve the technical problem of low reliability of acquired cable fault information.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a cable diagnostic method comprising the steps of:
after a fault test signal is sent to a cable to be tested, receiving a fault reflection signal of the cable to be tested, and converting the fault reflection signal into a standard fault reflection signal;
determining the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal, determining a fault signal loss coefficient according to the angular frequency and the cable material parameter to be tested, and determining the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal according to the fault signal loss coefficient;
determining an arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal, and determining a cable fault position according to the arrival time delay and the propagation speed;
extracting the frequency spectrum characteristics of the standard fault reflection signal to obtain a frequency spectrum characteristic sequence, determining the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic in the frequency spectrum characteristic sequence according to a preset fault characteristic sequence, and determining the cable fault type according to the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic;
and taking the cable fault position and the cable fault type as cable fault information, and sending the cable fault information to a cable manager.
In some embodiments, converting the fault reflection signal to a standard fault reflection signal specifically includes:
filtering the fault reflection signal to obtain a denoising fault reflection signal;
amplifying the denoising fault reflection signal to obtain an enhanced fault reflection signal;
and digitizing the enhanced fault reflection signal to obtain a standard fault reflection signal.
In some embodiments, the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal is determined by converting the standard fault reflection signal from a time domain representation to a frequency domain representation.
In some embodiments, determining the propagation velocity of the fault reflection signal from the fault signal loss coefficient specifically includes:
obtaining the angular frequency of a standard fault reflection signal;
and taking the ratio of the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal to the loss coefficient of the fault signal as the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal.
In some embodiments, determining the arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal from the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal specifically includes:
determining a time delay function according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal;
and determining the arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal through the maximum value of the time delay function.
In some embodiments, the extracting the spectral feature of the standard fault reflected signal to obtain a spectral feature sequence specifically includes:
converting the standard fault reflection signal from the time domain representation to the frequency domain representation, thereby determining the spectrum information of the standard fault reflection signal;
and determining a spectrum characteristic sequence of the standard fault reflection signal according to the spectrum information of the standard fault reflection signal.
In some embodiments, determining the fault feature matching degree of each spectrum feature in the spectrum feature sequence according to the preset fault feature sequence specifically includes:
after the preset fault feature sequences are ordered according to the preset fault feature values, ranking is allocated to each preset fault feature to obtain ordered preset fault feature sequences;
after the frequency spectrum feature sequences are ordered according to the frequency spectrum feature values, ranking is allocated to each frequency spectrum feature, and an ordered frequency spectrum feature sequence is obtained;
determining a feature ranking difference sequence according to the ordered preset fault feature sequence and the ordered spectrum feature sequence;
acquiring all feature ranking differences in the feature ranking difference sequence;
determining the number of feature ranking differences in the feature ranking difference sequence;
determining a fault feature matching degree of each spectrum feature in the spectrum feature sequence according to all feature ranking differences in the feature ranking difference sequence and the feature ranking difference quantity, wherein the fault feature matching degree is determined according to the following formula:
wherein, gamma i Represents the ithFault feature matching degree, theta, corresponding to spectrum features i Representing the ith feature rank difference value, theta in the feature rank difference sequence m Representing the mth feature ranking difference value in the feature ranking difference value sequence, and n represents the number of feature ranking difference values in the feature ranking difference value sequence.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a cable diagnosis system including a cable fault determination unit including:
the fault reflection signal processing module is used for receiving the fault reflection signal of the cable to be tested after sending the fault test signal to the cable to be tested and converting the fault reflection signal into a standard fault reflection signal;
the propagation speed determining module is used for determining the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal, determining a fault signal loss coefficient according to the angular frequency and the cable material parameter to be tested, and determining the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal according to the fault signal loss coefficient;
the cable fault position determining module is used for determining the arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal and determining the cable fault position according to the arrival time delay and the propagation speed;
the cable fault type determining module is used for extracting the frequency spectrum characteristics of the standard fault reflection signal to obtain a frequency spectrum characteristic sequence, determining the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic in the frequency spectrum characteristic sequence according to a preset fault characteristic sequence, and determining the cable fault type according to the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic;
and the cable fault information sending module is used for taking the cable fault position and the cable fault type as cable fault information and sending the cable fault information to a cable manager.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer device comprising a memory for storing a computer program and a processor for calling and running the computer program from the memory, so that the computer device performs the above-described cable diagnosis method.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having instructions or code stored therein which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the cable diagnostic method described above.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following beneficial effects:
in the cable diagnosis method and system provided by the application, after a fault test signal is sent to a cable to be tested, a fault reflection signal of the cable to be tested is received, and the fault reflection signal is converted into a standard fault reflection signal; determining the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal, determining a fault signal loss coefficient according to the angular frequency and the cable material parameter to be tested, and determining the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal according to the fault signal loss coefficient; determining an arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal, and determining a cable fault position according to the arrival time delay and the propagation speed; extracting the frequency spectrum characteristics of the standard fault reflection signal to obtain a frequency spectrum characteristic sequence, determining the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic in the frequency spectrum characteristic sequence according to a preset fault characteristic sequence, and determining the cable fault type according to the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic; and taking the cable fault position and the cable fault type as cable fault information, and sending the cable fault information to a cable manager.
According to the application, firstly, the quality and usability of the fault reflection signal can be improved by preprocessing, the accuracy and efficiency of cable fault diagnosis can be improved, secondly, the propagation characteristics of the fault reflection signal in the cable can be more accurately simulated by combining the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal with the material parameters of the cable to be tested, the distance of a cable fault point can be more accurately determined later, then, the position of the fault point in the cable can be more accurately determined by calculating the arrival time delay of the fault reflection signal, further, the frequency spectrum characteristics are matched with the preset fault characteristics, specific frequency components of different fault types can be captured, the cable fault can be rapidly and accurately classified into specific types, and finally, the cable fault position and the cable fault type are used as cable fault information, so that rapid, accurate and timely cable fault notification and processing can be realized, and the technical problem that the reliability of the obtained cable fault information is low can be solved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an exemplary flow chart of a cable diagnostic method according to some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of exemplary hardware and/or software of a cable fault determination unit shown in accordance with some embodiments of the application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device implementing a cable diagnosis method according to some embodiments of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The embodiment of the application provides a cable diagnosis method and a system, wherein the core of the method is that after a fault test signal is sent to a cable to be tested, a fault reflection signal of the cable to be tested is received, and the fault reflection signal is converted into a standard fault reflection signal; determining the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal, determining a fault signal loss coefficient according to the angular frequency and the cable material parameter to be tested, and determining the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal according to the fault signal loss coefficient; determining an arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal, and determining a cable fault position according to the arrival time delay and the propagation speed; extracting the frequency spectrum characteristics of the standard fault reflection signal to obtain a frequency spectrum characteristic sequence, determining the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic in the frequency spectrum characteristic sequence according to a preset fault characteristic sequence, and determining the cable fault type according to the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic; and taking the cable fault position and the cable fault type as cable fault information, and sending the cable fault information to a cable manager so as to solve the technical problem of low reliability of the obtained cable fault information.
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the following detailed description will refer to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Referring to fig. 1, which is an exemplary flow chart of a cable diagnostic method according to some embodiments of the present application, the cable diagnostic method 100 generally includes the steps of:
in step 101, after sending a fault test signal to the cable to be tested, a fault reflection signal of the cable to be tested is received, and the fault reflection signal is converted into a standard fault reflection signal.
In some embodiments, after sending the fault test signal to the cable to be tested, the fault reflection signal of the cable to be tested is received, and in specific implementation, a pulse test signal is usually sent at one end of the cable to be tested, and the pulse test signal can provide a clear fault reflection signal, so that the fault detection and the fault location of the cable are facilitated, and the fault reflection signal is collected in the cable through the cable receiving device.
In some embodiments, the conversion of the fault reflection signal into a standard fault reflection signal may specifically be performed by:
filtering the fault reflection signal to obtain a denoising fault reflection signal;
amplifying the denoising fault reflection signal to obtain an enhanced fault reflection signal;
and digitizing the enhanced fault reflection signal to obtain a standard fault reflection signal.
In particular, when the received fault reflection signal is filtered by a filter, the filter is used for reducing high-frequency components and removing noise and retaining low-frequency characteristics, the filter used in the application is a Butterworth filter, and the filter has flat amplitude-frequency response and steeper cut-off frequency characteristics, and when the filter is particularly implemented, the transfer function of the Butterworth filter can be determined according to the following formula:
where H (S) represents a transfer function of the butterworth filter, S represents a complex frequency domain variable, ω represents a cut-off frequency, N represents an order of the butterworth filter, it should be noted that, the order N of the butterworth filter and the cut-off frequency ω may be selected according to specific requirements, a higher order may provide steeper roll-off characteristics, but may introduce more delay, the cut-off frequency determines how much the butterworth filter reduces high frequency components, and when determining the discrete domain transfer function of the butterworth low-pass filter, the collected fault reflection signal may be input into the butterworth filter for filtering processing, so as to obtain a filtered fault reflection signal, i.e. a denoising fault reflection signal.
In the above embodiment, the noise-removed fault reflection signal is amplified to obtain the enhanced fault reflection signal, and the fault reflection signal after the filtering processing is usually weakened, so that the noise-removed fault reflection signal can be amplified by using an amplifier to obtain the enhanced fault reflection signal; the enhanced fault reflection signal is digitized to obtain a standard fault reflection signal, and the enhanced fault reflection signal is converted into a discrete time sequence through an analog-to-digital converter, namely, a continuous enhanced fault reflection signal is converted into a discrete sampling point, and a continuous analog signal is converted into a digital form, namely, the standard fault reflection signal.
It should be noted that, the quality and usability of the fault reflection signal can be improved by preprocessing to obtain the standard fault reflection signal, so that the standard fault reflection signal is easier to analyze, measure and locate the fault position of the cable, which is helpful to improve the accuracy and efficiency of fault diagnosis of the cable and help to find and solve the fault problem in the cable in time.
In step 102, determining an angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal, determining a fault signal loss coefficient according to the angular frequency and the cable material parameter to be tested, and determining a propagation speed of the fault reflection signal according to the fault signal loss coefficient.
In some embodiments, the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal is determined by converting the standard fault reflection signal from a time domain representation to a frequency domain representation, and in particular embodiments, the frequency spectrum information may be obtained by decomposing the standard fault reflection signal into sine and cosine components of different frequencies by applying a fourier transform, and the main frequency component of the standard fault reflection signal may be determined by identifying the main peak in the frequency spectrum, and thus the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal may be determined, for example, by multiplying the frequency by 2pi.
In some embodiments, for example, the parameters of the cable material to be tested include the resistance of the cable to be tested, the inductance of the cable to be tested, the capacitance of the cable to be tested and the conductance of the cable to be tested, and the following manners may be specifically adopted to determine the loss coefficient of the fault signal according to the angular frequency and the parameters of the cable material to be tested, namely:
determining the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal;
acquiring the resistance of the cable to be tested, the inductance of the cable to be tested, the capacitance of the cable to be tested and the conductance of the cable to be tested;
determining a signal attenuation coefficient according to the standard fault reflected signal;
determining a fault signal loss coefficient according to the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal, the signal attenuation coefficient, the resistance of the cable to be tested, the inductance of the cable to be tested, the capacitance of the cable to be tested and the conductance of the cable to be tested, wherein the fault signal loss coefficient can be determined according to the following formula when the system is specifically implemented:
where lambda denotes a failure signal loss factor, alpha denotes an intermediate variable,in the application, the fault signal loss coefficient lambda represents the loss degree of the fault reflection signal in the cable to be tested, when the fault signal loss coefficient lambda is larger, the loss of the fault reflection signal is larger, when the fault signal loss coefficient lambda is smaller, the loss of the fault reflection signal is smaller, and the signal attenuation coefficient lambda is smaller>Indicating the extent to which the standard fault reflected signal decays as it propagates through the cable.
In particular, the signal attenuation coefficient can be calculated according to the signal frequency and the light speed of the standard fault reflection signal, for example, if the signal frequency of the standard fault reflection signal is f and the light speed is c, the signal attenuation coefficientCan be c 2 /4πf 2 。
In some embodiments, the following manner may be specifically adopted to determine the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal according to the fault signal loss coefficient, namely:
obtaining the angular frequency of a standard fault reflection signal;
and taking the ratio of the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal to the loss coefficient of the fault signal as the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal, for example, when the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal is omega and the loss coefficient of the fault signal is lambda, the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal is omega/lambda.
It should be noted that, by combining the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal with the material parameter of the cable to be tested, the propagation characteristic of the fault reflection signal in the cable can be more accurately simulated, which is helpful for the subsequent more accurate determination of the distance of the fault point of the cable, thereby improving the accuracy of fault location.
In step 103, an arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal is determined according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal, and a cable fault location is determined according to the arrival time delay and the propagation speed.
In some embodiments, according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal, determining the arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal may specifically be in the following manner:
determining a time delay function according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal;
and determining the arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal through the maximum value of the time delay function.
Preferably, in some embodiments, the time delay function is determined based on the test signal and the standard fault reflection signal, and in particular implementations, the time delay function may be determined according to the following formula:
φ(k)＝∑(X(n)＊Y(n-k))
where phi (k) denotes a time delay function, k denotes an index of time delay, X (n) denotes a test signal, Y (n-k) denotes a standard fault reflection signal, and n denotes an index of test signal.
In specific implementation, the arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal is determined according to the maximum value of the time delay function, the peak position is found in the time delay function, the peak corresponds to the arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal, for example, when the maximum peak position appears when the value of k is 2, the arrival time delay of the corresponding standard fault reflection signal is 2 time units.
In some embodiments, determining the cable fault location based on the arrival time delay and the propagation velocity may specifically be performed by:
obtaining a cable fault occurrence distance according to the arrival time delay and the propagation speed of the standard fault reflection signal, wherein the cable fault occurrence distance can be determined according to the following formula when the cable fault occurrence distance is concretely realized:
wherein L represents a cable fault occurrence distance, ω/λ represents a propagation speed of a standard fault reflection signal, τ represents an arrival time delay, λ represents a fault signal loss coefficient, ω represents an angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal;
and determining the cable fault position through the fault occurrence distance and the cable layout.
In particular, after determining the distance of occurrence of the cable fault, the cable layout or other related data may be used to determine the location of occurrence of the cable fault, where the cable layout generally shows the path, the connection point and the distance mark of the cable, and according to the distance of occurrence of the cable fault, the corresponding location of the cable fault may be found in the cable layout.
It should be noted that, by calculating the arrival time delay of the fault reflection signal, the position of the fault point in the cable can be determined more accurately, by searching the maximum value in the whole time range, the error influence in the standard fault reflection signal processing can be reduced to a certain extent, and by performing the arrival time delay analysis of the standard fault reflection signal through the time delay function, accurate time measurement and fault positioning information can be provided.
In step 104, extracting the spectrum features of the standard fault reflection signal to obtain a spectrum feature sequence, determining the fault feature matching degree of each spectrum feature in the spectrum feature sequence according to a preset fault feature sequence, and determining the cable fault type according to the fault feature matching degree of each spectrum feature.
In some embodiments, the spectrum feature extraction is performed on the standard fault reflected signal, and the spectrum feature sequence may be obtained specifically by the following manner:
converting the standard fault reflection signal from the time domain representation to the frequency domain representation, thereby determining the spectrum information of the standard fault reflection signal;
and determining a spectrum characteristic sequence of the standard fault reflection signal according to the spectrum information of the standard fault reflection signal.
In particular implementations, a fast fourier transform is used to transform the standard fault reflection signal from a time domain representation to a frequency domain representation, spectral information of the standard fault reflection signal is determined from the frequency domain representation, representative spectral features are extracted from the spectral information, for example, the spectral features may be values of frequency components, magnitudes of peaks, energy distribution within a particular frequency band, etc., and the spectral features extracted from the spectral information are combined into a sequence that will contain a series of spectral parameters related to the fault feature to form a sequence of spectral features.
In some embodiments, the determining the fault feature matching degree of each spectrum feature in the spectrum feature sequence according to the preset fault feature sequence specifically may adopt the following manner, that is:
after the preset fault feature sequences are ordered according to the preset fault feature values, ranking is allocated to each preset fault feature to obtain ordered preset fault feature sequences;
after the frequency spectrum feature sequences are ordered according to the frequency spectrum feature values, ranking is allocated to each frequency spectrum feature, and an ordered frequency spectrum feature sequence is obtained;
determining a feature ranking difference sequence according to the ordered preset fault feature sequence and the ordered spectrum feature sequence;
acquiring all feature ranking differences in the feature ranking difference sequence;
determining the number of feature ranking differences in the feature ranking difference sequence;
determining the fault feature matching degree of each spectrum feature in the spectrum feature sequence through all feature ranking differences in the feature ranking difference sequence and the feature ranking difference quantity, wherein the fault feature matching degree can be determined according to the following formula when the fault feature matching degree is specifically implemented:
wherein, gamma i Represents the matching degree of the fault characteristics corresponding to the ith frequency spectrum characteristic, theta i Representing the ith feature rank difference value, theta in the feature rank difference sequence m The m-th feature ranking difference value in the feature ranking difference value sequence is represented, n represents the number of feature ranking difference values in the feature ranking difference value sequence, and it is to be noted that in the application, the fault feature matching degree represents the similarity degree of the preset fault feature and the frequency spectrum feature, the greater the fault feature matching degree is, the closer the position of the preset fault feature and the frequency spectrum feature in the sequence is, the higher the similarity degree is, the smaller the fault feature matching degree is, the farther the position of the preset fault feature and the frequency spectrum feature in the sequence is, and the similarity degree is lower.
In the specific implementation, the fault feature values in the preset fault feature sequence are ordered according to the value, so as to obtain an ordered preset fault feature sequence, for each fault feature value, the ranking of the fault feature value in the ordered sequence is recorded, the frequency spectrum feature values in the frequency spectrum feature sequence are ordered according to the value, so as to obtain an ordered frequency spectrum feature sequence, the ranking of each frequency spectrum feature value in the ordered sequence is recorded, and the difference value between the ranking of the frequency spectrum feature value in the ordered preset fault feature sequence and the ranking of the frequency spectrum feature sequence is calculated corresponding to each preset fault feature, so that a feature ranking difference value sequence is obtained and used for representing the matching condition of the preset fault feature and the frequency spectrum feature.
In some embodiments, the cable fault type is determined according to the fault feature matching degree of each frequency spectrum feature in the following manner, namely:
determining a frequency spectrum characteristic corresponding to the maximum fault characteristic matching degree, and further determining a preset fault characteristic corresponding to the frequency spectrum characteristic;
and determining the cable fault type according to the corresponding preset fault characteristics.
In the specific implementation, the fault feature matching degree of each frequency spectrum feature is obtained through calculation, the maximum fault feature matching degree is determined, the corresponding preset fault feature is determined, the determined preset fault feature is compared with the known fault type according to the determined preset fault feature, the known fault type matched with the preset fault feature is found, and the cable fault type can be determined.
It should be noted that, by matching the spectrum characteristic with the preset fault characteristic, the cable fault can be automatically diagnosed, the accuracy and consistency of the cable fault diagnosis are improved, the spectrum characteristic has sensitivity, specific frequency components of different fault types can be captured, and the cable fault can be rapidly and accurately classified into specific types, so that subsequent maintenance measures are guided.
In step 105, the cable fault location and the cable fault type are used as cable fault information, and the cable fault information is sent to a cable manager.
In some embodiments, the cable fault location and the cable fault type have been determined according to previous fault diagnosis steps, and these two information are combined to form complete cable fault information, for example, the fault type and the fault occurrence location may be combined, for example, "insulation breakage of the cable section a", and then the cable fault information is sorted and formatted so as to be clearly and accurately communicated to a cable manager, so as to ensure that the fault information contains enough details, the sorted cable fault information is sent to the cable manager, and after the cable manager receives the cable fault information, a repair plan may be formulated according to the fault information, a repair person may be scheduled, or other necessary actions may be taken to solve the fault problem.
By taking the cable fault position and the cable fault type as cable fault information, quick, accurate and timely cable fault notification and treatment can be realized, so that timely repair of the cable fault can be promoted, power failure time and production loss are reduced, and reliability and stability of a power system are improved.
According to the application, firstly, the quality and usability of the fault reflection signal can be improved by preprocessing, the accuracy and efficiency of cable fault diagnosis can be improved, secondly, the propagation characteristics of the fault reflection signal in the cable can be more accurately simulated by combining the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal with the material parameters of the cable to be tested, the distance of a cable fault point can be more accurately determined later, then, the position of the fault point in the cable can be more accurately determined by calculating the arrival time delay of the fault reflection signal, further, the frequency spectrum characteristics are matched with the preset fault characteristics, specific frequency components of different fault types can be captured, the cable fault can be rapidly and accurately classified into specific types, and finally, the cable fault position and the cable fault type are used as cable fault information, so that rapid, accurate and timely cable fault notification and processing can be realized, and the technical problem that the reliability of the obtained cable fault information is low can be solved.
In addition, in another aspect of the present application, in some embodiments, the present application provides a cable diagnosis system including a cable fault determining unit, referring to fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of exemplary hardware and/or software of the cable fault determining unit according to some embodiments of the present application, the cable fault determining unit 200 includes: the fault reflection signal processing module 201, propagation speed determining module 202, cable fault location determining module 203, cable fault type determining module 204, and cable fault information transmitting module 205 are respectively described as follows:
the fault reflection signal processing module 201 is mainly used for receiving a fault reflection signal of a cable to be tested after sending a fault test signal to the cable to be tested and converting the fault reflection signal into a standard fault reflection signal;
the propagation speed determining module 202 is mainly used for determining the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal, determining a fault signal loss coefficient according to the angular frequency and the cable material parameter to be tested, and determining the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal according to the fault signal loss coefficient;
the cable fault location determining module 203, where the cable fault location determining module 203 is mainly configured to determine an arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal, and determine a cable fault location according to the arrival time delay and the propagation speed;
the cable fault type determining module 204 is mainly used for extracting frequency spectrum characteristics of the standard fault reflection signal to obtain a frequency spectrum characteristic sequence, determining fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic in the frequency spectrum characteristic sequence according to a preset fault characteristic sequence, and determining the cable fault type according to the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic;
the cable fault information sending module 205 is mainly used for sending the cable fault information to a cable manager by taking the cable fault position and the cable fault type as cable fault information.
While the foregoing details of the cable diagnosis method and system provided by the embodiments of the present application have been described in the examples, it will be understood that, in order to implement the above-described functions, the corresponding apparatus includes corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules that perform the respective functions. Those of skill in the art will readily appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as hardware or combinations of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is implemented as hardware or computer software driven hardware depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
In some embodiments, the present application also provides a computer device including a memory for storing a computer program and a processor for calling and running the computer program from the memory, so that the computer device performs the cable diagnosis method described above.
In some embodiments, reference is made to fig. 3, in which the dashed line indicates that the unit or the module is optional, which is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device for a cable diagnostic method according to an embodiment of the present application. The above cable diagnosis method in the above embodiment may be implemented by a computer device shown in fig. 3, the computer device 300 including at least one processor 301, a memory 302, and at least one communication unit 305, and the computer device 300 may be a terminal device or a server or a chip.
Processor 301 may be a general purpose processor or a special purpose processor. For example, the processor 301 may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU) which may be used to control the computer device 300, execute software programs, process data of the software programs, and the computer device 300 may further comprise a communication unit 305 for enabling input (receiving) and output (transmitting) of signals.
For example, the computer device 300 may be a chip, the communication unit 305 may be an input and/or output circuit of the chip, or the communication unit 305 may be a communication interface of the chip, which may be an integral part of a terminal device or a network device or other devices.
For another example, the computer device 300 may be a terminal device or a server, the communication unit 305 may be a transceiver of the terminal device or the server, or the communication unit 305 may be a transceiver circuit of the terminal device or the server.
The computer device 300 may include one or more memories 302 having a program 304 stored thereon, the program 304 being executable by the processor 301 to generate instructions 303 such that the processor 301 performs the methods described in the method embodiments above in accordance with the instructions 303. Optionally, data (e.g., a goal audit model) may also be stored in memory 302. Alternatively, the processor 301 may also read data stored in the memory 302, which may be stored at the same memory address as the program 304, or which may be stored at a different memory address than the program 304.
The processor 301 and the memory 302 may be provided separately or may be integrated together, for example, on a System On Chip (SOC) of the terminal device.
It should be appreciated that the steps of the above-described method embodiments may be accomplished by logic circuitry in the form of hardware or instructions in the form of software in the processor 301, and the processor 301 may be a central processing unit, a digital signal processor (digital signalprocessor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), a field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic device, such as discrete gates, transistor logic, or discrete hardware components.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
For example, in some embodiments, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having instructions or code stored therein, which when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the cable diagnostic method described above.
While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, it is intended that the present application also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method of cable diagnostics comprising the steps of:
after a fault test signal is sent to a cable to be tested, receiving a fault reflection signal of the cable to be tested, and converting the fault reflection signal into a standard fault reflection signal;
determining the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal, determining a fault signal loss coefficient according to the angular frequency and the cable material parameter to be tested, and determining the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal according to the fault signal loss coefficient;
determining an arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal, and determining a cable fault position according to the arrival time delay and the propagation speed;
extracting the frequency spectrum characteristics of the standard fault reflection signal to obtain a frequency spectrum characteristic sequence, determining the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic in the frequency spectrum characteristic sequence according to a preset fault characteristic sequence, and determining the cable fault type according to the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic;
and taking the cable fault position and the cable fault type as cable fault information, and sending the cable fault information to a cable manager.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein converting the fault reflection signal to a standard fault reflection signal comprises:
filtering the fault reflection signal to obtain a denoising fault reflection signal;
amplifying the denoising fault reflection signal to obtain an enhanced fault reflection signal;
and digitizing the enhanced fault reflection signal to obtain a standard fault reflection signal.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal is determined by converting the standard fault reflection signal from a time domain representation to a frequency domain representation.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the propagation velocity of the fault-reflected signal based on the fault signal loss factor comprises:
obtaining the angular frequency of a standard fault reflection signal;
and taking the ratio of the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal to the loss coefficient of the fault signal as the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal based on the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal comprises:
determining a time delay function according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal;
and determining the arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal through the maximum value of the time delay function.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein performing spectral feature extraction on the standard fault reflected signal to obtain a sequence of spectral features specifically comprises:
converting the standard fault reflection signal from the time domain representation to the frequency domain representation, thereby determining the spectrum information of the standard fault reflection signal;
and determining a spectrum characteristic sequence of the standard fault reflection signal according to the spectrum information of the standard fault reflection signal.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a fault signature matching degree for each spectral signature in the sequence of spectral signatures from a preset sequence of fault signatures comprises:
after the preset fault feature sequences are ordered according to the preset fault feature values, ranking is allocated to each preset fault feature to obtain ordered preset fault feature sequences;
after the frequency spectrum feature sequences are ordered according to the frequency spectrum feature values, ranking is allocated to each frequency spectrum feature, and an ordered frequency spectrum feature sequence is obtained;
determining a feature ranking difference sequence according to the ordered preset fault feature sequence and the ordered spectrum feature sequence;
acquiring all feature ranking differences in the feature ranking difference sequence;
determining the number of feature ranking differences in the feature ranking difference sequence;
determining a fault feature matching degree of each spectrum feature in the spectrum feature sequence according to all feature ranking differences in the feature ranking difference sequence and the feature ranking difference quantity, wherein the fault feature matching degree is determined according to the following formula:
wherein, gamma i Represents the matching degree of the fault characteristics corresponding to the ith frequency spectrum characteristic, theta i Representing the ith feature rank difference value, theta in the feature rank difference sequence m Representing the mth feature ranking difference value in the feature ranking difference value sequence, and n represents the number of feature ranking difference values in the feature ranking difference value sequence.
8. A cable diagnostic system comprising a cable fault determination unit, the cable fault determination unit comprising:
the fault reflection signal processing module is used for receiving the fault reflection signal of the cable to be tested after sending the fault test signal to the cable to be tested and converting the fault reflection signal into a standard fault reflection signal;
the propagation speed determining module is used for determining the angular frequency of the standard fault reflection signal, determining a fault signal loss coefficient according to the angular frequency and the cable material parameter to be tested, and determining the propagation speed of the fault reflection signal according to the fault signal loss coefficient;
the cable fault position determining module is used for determining the arrival time delay of the standard fault reflection signal according to the fault test signal and the standard fault reflection signal and determining the cable fault position according to the arrival time delay and the propagation speed;
the cable fault type determining module is used for extracting the frequency spectrum characteristics of the standard fault reflection signal to obtain a frequency spectrum characteristic sequence, determining the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic in the frequency spectrum characteristic sequence according to a preset fault characteristic sequence, and determining the cable fault type according to the fault characteristic matching degree of each frequency spectrum characteristic;
and the cable fault information sending module is used for taking the cable fault position and the cable fault type as cable fault information and sending the cable fault information to a cable manager.
9. A computer device, characterized in that the computer device comprises a memory for storing a computer program and a processor for calling and running the computer program from the memory, so that the computer device performs the cable diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer readable storage medium having instructions or code stored therein which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the cable diagnostic method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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