CN117064324B - Self-fixing anoscope with lubricating coating - Google Patents
Self-fixing anoscope with lubricating coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN117064324B CN117064324B CN202311333636.3A CN202311333636A CN117064324B CN 117064324 B CN117064324 B CN 117064324B CN 202311333636 A CN202311333636 A CN 202311333636A CN 117064324 B CN117064324 B CN 117064324B
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004595 color masterbatch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010879 hemorrhoidectomy Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/31—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for the rectum, e.g. proctoscopes, sigmoidoscopes, colonoscopes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00071—Insertion part of the endoscope body
- A61B1/0008—Insertion part of the endoscope body characterised by distal tip features
- A61B1/00096—Optical elements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00147—Holding or positioning arrangements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
- A61L31/10—Macromolecular materials
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
- A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
- A61L31/145—Hydrogels or hydrocolloids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
- A61L2300/452—Lubricants
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Endoscopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-fixing anoscope with a lubricating coating, which belongs to the field of medical appliances, and comprises a scope body and a scope core, wherein the scope body comprises an outer lens barrel and an inner lens barrel, the outer lens barrel comprises a double handle, an outer bell mouth and an outer lens tube, fixing holes are formed at the end parts of the double handle, the outer lens tube is provided with a fixing ring, the lower end of the fixing ring is provided with the lubricating coating, the inner lens barrel comprises an inner bell mouth and an inner lens tube, the upper part of the inner wall of the inner lens barrel is rough, the microstructure of the rough inner wall is formed by an arc reflecting surface and a straight reflecting surface, the inner wall of the outer lens barrel is provided with scale marks printed by color-changing ink, the outer lens barrel is formed by injection molding of a thermochromic color master batch and transparent high polymer materials, and the outer lens barrel changes color at 33 ℃. The lubricating coating enables the anoscope to be inserted more smoothly, the double handles and the fixing rings are convenient for fixing the anoscope, the outer lens barrel senses the temperature to change color, the inner lens barrel is rough in inner wall, more light is concentrated to the observation part, and the scale marks are convenient for displaying the depth of an affected part. The invention has the advantages of more convenient and labor-saving operation, remarkable beneficial effect and convenient popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a self-fixing anoscope with a lubricating coating.
Background
When anorectal treatment is carried out in a hospital, a doctor is required to observe the conditions inside the anorectal, so that the doctor can conveniently carry out timely diagnosis, and an anoscope is required to be used in the anorectal diagnosis. Under the observation of the anoscope, a doctor can quickly know the anorectal condition of a patient, and is convenient for the doctor to know the illness state.
At present, many beneficial searches are performed by people:
patent CN202010181075X discloses a detachable auxiliary anoscope for hemorrhoid treatment with an adjustable operation window. The anoscope comprises an endoscope and an external mirror, and a hydrophilic super-slip coating is attached to the external wall. The endoscope includes a dome, a rotating disk, a slide, and a joystick. The dome, the upper rotary disk, the outer sliding vane and the lower rotary disk are of an integrated structure from top to bottom, and two ends of the middle sliding vane and the inner sliding vane are positioned in the double guide rail grooves of the upper rotary disk and the lower rotary disk. The bottom edges of the middle sliding vane and the inner sliding vane are respectively connected with an operating lever, the operating levers are adjusted to drive the sliding vanes to move, the relative positions among the three sliding vanes are changed, so that intestinal wall conditions of different parts of a patient are exposed, and the position and the size of the operating window are adjustable. Particularly in anastomat hemorrhoidectomy and selective hemorrhoidectomy, circular cutting or improper selective cutting can be avoided, however, the anoscope of the invention still needs manual fixation by operators, the operation is complicated, the depth of an affected part can not be determined, and the problem of dark view in the anoscope can not be avoided.
The patent CN2021103661542 provides disposable's anoscope of taking light source, the anoscope includes the mirror cover, the front end intercommunication of mirror cover has the horn mouth, the interior activity grafting of mirror cover has the inner core, the circumference surface lower part of horn mouth is connected with the arc snoot, be provided with the light guide body on the back inner wall of arc snoot, the front end of light guide body is fixed with the erection column, whole device structure sets up rationally, think about ingenious, through improving common anoscope's inner structure, external light source is increased, the sight in the operation process has not only been improved greatly, simultaneously can not increase batch processing cost yet, and establish external light source as repeatedly usable, the practicality of device has been improved greatly, need medical personnel to take the anoscope handle with one hand in the prior art, very inconvenience, a few anoscopes adopt the structure that has the light source, but for disposable product, greatly increased the manufacturing cost scheduling problem of product, however this anoscope still has still to need the operator to fix with the hand, the problem that the operation is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, the depth is comparatively indeterminate to the operation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical characteristics, the invention provides a self-fixing anoscope with a lubricating coating. The lubricating coating can enable the insertion process of the anoscope to be smoother, the double handles and the fixing rings are convenient for fixing the anoscope, the outer lens barrel senses the temperature and changes the color, the inner lens barrel is rough in inner wall, more light can be concentrated on the observation part, the observation field of view is brighter, and the scale marks are convenient for measuring the depth of an affected part.
The self-fixing anoscope with the lubricating coating consists of a scope body and a scope core; the mirror core consists of a mirror core head, a mirror core rod, a mirror core fixing piece and a mirror core handle; the scope body comprises outer mirror section of thick bamboo and interior lens cone, and outer mirror section of thick bamboo comprises bi-handle, outer horn mouth and outer mirror tube, and wherein the handle tip is equipped with the fixed orifices, and outer mirror tube is equipped with the solid fixed ring, and after the anoscope inserts to fix in place, the solid fixed ring is located inside the anus for the gu fixed ring card is at the anus mouth for the anoscope can not be extruded by anus intestines and deviate from the anus. The user's abdomen is bypassed through the T-shaped belt and then the user's abdomen is bound on the fixed orifices of the two handles respectively, the anoscope is fixed again, the operation operator can not need to hold the anoscope at this moment, the operation is carried out in the cooperation of two hands, the hand of holding the anoscope is liberated, the operation efficiency of the operator has been improved.
Further, the height of the outer lens barrel is 50-100mm, and the wall thickness is 1-2mm; the diameter of the opening of the outer horn mouth is 40-70mm, and the depth of the outer horn mouth is 5-30mm; the length of a single-side handle of the double handle is 30-80mm, the width of the single-side handle is 15-20mm, and an included angle between the double handles is 180 degrees; the fixing holes are irregularly shaped, the width of the thicker end is 9-10mm, and the width of the thinner end is 2-6mm; the diameter of the thick end of the outer lens tube is 20-50mm, the diameter of the thin end of the outer lens tube is 20-30mm, and the length of the outer lens tube is 45-70mm; the number of the fixed rings is 1-5, the width of the fixed rings is 1-5mm, the outer diameter is 25-55mm, and the distance between the fixed rings is 2-5mm; the inner lens cone consists of an inner horn mouth and an inner lens tube, the height of the inner lens cone is 50-100mm, and the wall thickness is 1-2mm; the diameter of the opening of the inner bell mouth is 36-68mm, and the depth of the inner bell mouth is 5-30mm; the diameter of the thick end of the endoscope tube is 16-48mm, the diameter of the thin end of the endoscope tube is 16-28mm, the length of the endoscope tube is 45-70mm, the lower part of the inner wall of the inner lens barrel is smooth, the upper part of the inner lens barrel is rough, the microstructure of the rough inner wall is composed of an arc-shaped reflecting surface and a straight reflecting surface, the rough inner wall is positioned in the upper 2/3 area of the inner lens barrel, the radian of the arc-shaped reflecting surface is 60-120 degrees, the arc length is 0.1-1mm, the included angle between the straight reflecting surface and the central symmetry axis of the anoscope is 30-60 degrees, the length is 0.1-1.5mm, and the microstructure accounts for 75-95% of the area of the rough surface; the height of the lens core is 100-150mm; the lens core head is hemispherical, the center of the largest cross section of the lens core head is connected with the lens core rod, and the outer diameter of the largest cross section of the lens core head is 12-26mm; the other end of the mirror core rod is connected with a mirror core fixing piece, the mirror core rod is one of a cylindrical column, a regular polyhedral column or a cross column, the length of the mirror core rod is 45-70mm, and the width of the mirror core rod is 5.5-15mm; the thickness of the mirror core fixing piece is 1.5-3mm, and the diameter is 14-46mm; the lens core handle is the lens core head end, and the length of the lens core handle is 25-40mm.
Further, the lens core and the inner lens barrel are formed by injection molding of one of PVC or PP, the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃, the lens core head is smooth, round and free of burrs, the inner lens barrel is colorless and transparent, and after the anoscope is assembled, the lens core and the inner lens barrel are in close contact with each other without gaps.
Furthermore, the lower end of the fixing ring is provided with a lubricating coating, before the anoscope is used, the coating part of the anoscope is immersed in water for 5-10s, the lubricating coating is activated, and in the subsequent inserting process of the anoscope, the anoscope is inserted more smoothly, so that the anorectal part is prevented from being scratched.
Further, the lubricating coating is arranged below the fixed ring, the thickness of the coating is 5-100 mu m, the coating is manufactured by spraying or soaking the lubricating coating solution, and then drying, wherein the soaking or spraying time is 5s-72h, the drying temperature is 18-80 ℃, and the drying time is 30min-4h; the lubricating coating comprises one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, glycerol, ethylene glycol and chitosan to form a copolymer or hydrogel solution; the solvent used in the lubricating coating is one or a combination of more of water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, cyclohexane, methylene dichloride, chloroform and tetrahydrofuran; the concentration of the solution is 0.1% -15%.
Further, the thermochromic color master is made of one or two of reversible thermochromic pigment and polyethylene or polystyrene, the content of the reversible thermochromic pigment is 8% -11%, the thermochromic color master is silvery white, the color changing temperature is 33 ℃ and reaches or exceeds the color changing temperature, the thermochromic color master becomes colorless and transparent, the polymer material is one of PVC or PP, the thermochromic color master and the polymer material are added into the injection molding outer lens barrel, the mass ratio of the thermochromic color master to the polymer material is 1/24-3/7, the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃, and the surface color of the outer lens barrel is changed from silvery white to colorless and transparent when the surface color of the outer lens barrel is 33 ℃.
Further, the inner wall of the outer mirror cylinder is provided with scale marks printed by color-changing ink, the surface of the positions where the scale marks are positioned is smooth, the scale marks are formed by printing color-changing ink, the color-changing temperature of the color-changing ink is 33 ℃, the color of the color-changing ink is red, green and blue or other colors mixed by the three primary colors, after reaching or exceeding the color-changing temperature, the color-changing ink becomes a color with larger color difference from the color-changing temperature, the color-changing ink is offset printed, and is naturally dried or dried at 45-60 ℃ after being printed, the drying time is 10-30min, and the color of the color-changing ink is different from the color of the mirror body at the upper and lower color-changing temperature.
The temperature of the anus and the intestines is 36.5-37.7 ℃, the temperature of the contact part of the anoscope outer lens barrel and the anus and the intestines is increased in the inserting process of the anoscope, and exceeds the color changing temperature of the anoscope outer lens barrel by 33 ℃, the contact part of the anoscope outer lens barrel and the anus and the intestines are changed from silvery white to colorless and transparent. At this time, since the rough inner wall is located at the upper 2/3 area of the inner barrel, i.e., the smooth surface is located at the lower 1/3 area of the inner barrel. The anoscope has a smooth surface and is transparent, and the anorectal part can be observed through the smooth outer wall. Meanwhile, as the temperature of the contact part of the anoscope and the anorectal reaches more than 33 ℃ and the temperature of the non-contact part is unchanged, the scale marks are in two colors, which is beneficial for an operator to confirm the accurate position of the affected part.
The contact part of the anoscope outer lens barrel and the anorectum is still silvery white, the inner lens barrel is colorless and transparent, the outer lens barrel and the inner lens barrel are matched for use to form a mirror surface structure, reflection of light is facilitated, refraction of the light is blocked, and the rough inner wall microstructure is composed of an arc-shaped reflecting surface and a straight reflecting surface, so that more light is concentrated at the bottom of the anoscope, the light in the anoscope is bright, and surgical operation is easier to perform.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The lubricating coating can enable the insertion process of the anoscope to be smoother;
(2) The double handles and the fixing ring are convenient for fixing the anoscope;
(3) The outer lens barrel is subjected to temperature sensing and color changing, and the rough inner wall of the inner lens barrel can concentrate more light to an observation part, so that an observation visual field is brighter;
(4) The scale mark is convenient for measuring the depth of the affected part.
Drawings
For a clearer description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other drawings related thereto can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an anoscope;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an anoscope;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an anoscope;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the core of the anoscope;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a microstructure of a roughened inner wall;
in the figure: 1-a mirror body; 2-a mirror core; 3-double handles; 4-an outer flare; 5-a fixing ring; 6-an outer lens tube; 7-a lens core handle; 8-a mirror core fixing piece; 9-mirror core bar; 10-a lens core head; 11-fixing holes; 12-an inner barrel; 13-an outer barrel; 14-roughening the inner wall; 15-a straight reflecting surface; 16-an arcuate reflective surface; 17-a first type of ray; 18-a second type of ray; 19-ray of the third class; 20-fourth class of light; 21-normal; 22-inner flare; 23-endoscope tube; 24-parallel lines of central symmetry axis.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art without any inventive effort, are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with fig. 1-5: the self-fixing anoscope with the lubricating coating consists of a scope body 1 and a scope core 2; the lens core 2 is composed of a lens core head 10, a lens core rod 9, a lens core fixing piece 8 and a lens core handle 7; the endoscope body 1 comprises an outer endoscope cylinder 13 and an inner lens barrel 12, the outer endoscope cylinder 13 comprises a double handle 3, an outer horn mouth 4 and an outer endoscope tube 6, wherein the end part of the double handle 3 is provided with a fixing hole 11, the outer endoscope tube 6 is provided with a fixing ring 5, a lubricating coating is arranged below the fixing ring 5, the endoscope core head 10 is hemispherical, the endoscope core head 10 is smooth and round and has no burrs, the coating part of the endoscope is immersed in water for 5-10s before the endoscope is used, the lubricating coating is activated, and the insertion of the endoscope is smoother in the subsequent insertion process of the endoscope, and the anorectal part is prevented from being scratched.
After the anoscope is inserted and fixed in place, the fixing ring 5 is positioned in the anus, and the anoscope cannot deviate from the anus due to extrusion peristaltic movement of anorectum because the fixing ring 5 is clamped at the anus opening. The user's abdomen is bypassed through the T-shaped belt and then is respectively bound on the fixing holes 11 of the two handles 3, the anoscope is fixed again, an operator can perform operation by two hands without holding the anoscope, the hands holding the anoscope are liberated, and the operation efficiency of the operator is improved.
The temperature of the anorectum is 36.5-37.7 ℃, the temperature of the part of the external lens barrel 13 where the anoscope and the anorectum are contacted is increased to exceed the color-changing temperature of the external lens barrel 13 by 33 ℃ and the part of the external lens barrel 13 where the anoscope and the anorectum are contacted is changed from silvery white to colorless and transparent during the insertion process of the anoscope. At this time, since the rough inner wall 14 is located at the upper 2/3 area of the inner barrel 12, i.e., the smooth surface is located at the lower 1/3 area of the inner barrel 12. The anoscope has a smooth surface and is transparent, and the condition of the anorectal part can be observed through the smooth outer wall. Meanwhile, as the temperature of the part of the outer lens barrel 13 where the anoscope and the anorectal are contacted is raised to more than 33 ℃ and the temperature of the non-contact part is unchanged, the scale marks are in two colors, thereby being beneficial to the operator to confirm the accurate position of the affected part.
The contact part between the anoscope outer lens barrel 13 and anorectum is still silvery white, the inner lens barrel 12 is colorless and transparent, the outer lens barrel 13 and the inner lens barrel 12 are matched to form a mirror surface structure, reflection of light rays is facilitated, refraction of the light rays is blocked, and the micro structure of the rough inner wall 14 is formed by an arc-shaped reflecting surface 16 and a straight reflecting surface 15, so that more light rays are concentrated at the bottom of the anoscope, the view field in the anoscope is bright, and the operation is easier to perform.
Fig. 5 shows the light irradiated onto the rough inner wall 14, which can be divided into the following cases:
(1) The first type of light 17 is positioned on one side of the parallel line 24 of the central symmetry axis of the anoscope, which is close to the rough inner wall 14, the first type of light 17 irradiates the straight reflecting surface 15, and the reflected light irradiates the bottom of the anoscope;
(2) The second type of light 18 is parallel to the parallel line 24 of the central symmetry axis of the anoscope, can directly irradiate the bottom of the anoscope, or is reflected to the rough inner wall 14 on the opposite side of the anoscope by the reflection of the straight reflecting surface 15, and then irradiates the bottom of the anoscope by the combined reflection of the arc reflecting surface 16 or the straight reflecting surface 15 and the arc reflecting surface 16;
(3) The third type of light ray 19 is positioned on the right side of a parallel line 24 of the central symmetry axis of the anoscope, when the third type of light ray 19 irradiates on the straight reflecting surface 15, is positioned on one side, close to the arc reflecting surface 16, of the normal line 21 of the straight reflecting surface 15, the third type of light ray 19 is reflected to the rough inner wall 14 on the opposite side of the anoscope through reflection of the straight reflecting surface 15, then is irradiated to the bottom of the anoscope through the arc reflecting surface 16 or combined reflection of the straight reflecting surface 15 and the arc reflecting surface 16, in extreme cases, the third type of light ray 19 is positioned on the right side of the parallel line 24 of the central symmetry axis of the anoscope, when the third type of light ray 19 irradiates on the straight reflecting surface 15, is positioned on one side, close to the arc reflecting surface 16, of the normal line 21 of the straight reflecting surface 15, coincides with the normal line 21 of the straight reflecting surface 15, and is reflected to the outside of the anoscope through specular reflection;
(4) The fourth type of light rays 20 are positioned on the right side of parallel lines 24 of the central symmetry axis of the anoscope, when the light rays irradiate on the straight reflecting surface 15, the normal line 21 of the straight reflecting surface 15 is positioned on one side close to the straight reflecting surface 15, and the light rays irradiated on the arc reflecting surface 16 are reflected by the straight reflecting surface 15 and the arc reflecting surface 16 to the bottom of the anoscope, wherein the normal line 21 is the normal line of the arc reflecting surface 16;
the four light irradiation conditions enable more light to be concentrated at the bottom of the anoscope, so that the visual field in the anoscope is bright, and the operation is easier to perform.
Example 1
The reversible thermochromic material is prepared in the article 'preparation and performance of reversible thermochromic Polypropylene Special material', which provides a theoretical basis for the invention, the outer lens barrel 13 is injection molded by adopting a thermochromic color master batch and a PVC material, the ratio of the thermochromic color master batch to the PVC is 1/24, and the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃. The color-changing temperature of the outer lens barrel 13 is 33 ℃, and the outer lens barrel 13 is changed from silvery white to colorless and transparent beyond the color-changing temperature.
The outer lens barrel 13 is 50mm in height, 2mm in wall thickness, 40mm in diameter of an opening of the outer bell mouth 4, 5mm in depth of the outer bell mouth 4, 30mm long and 15mm wide in single-sided handles of the double handles 3, 180 degrees in included angle between the double handles 3, the fixing holes 11 are irregularly shaped, 9mm wide at the thicker end, 2mm wide at the thinner end, 20mm in diameter of the thicker end of the outer lens tube 6, 45mm long, 1 in number of fixing rings 5, 5mm wide in fixing rings and 25mm in outer diameter.
Adopting PVC material to injection mold the inner lens barrel 12, wherein the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃, the height of the inner lens barrel 12 is 50mm, and the wall thickness is 2mm; the diameter of the opening of the inner bell mouth 22 is 36mm, and the depth of the inner bell mouth 22 is 5mm; the endoscope 23 has a thick end diameter of 16mm, a thin end diameter of 16mm and a length of 45mm.
The arc reflecting surface 16 radian 60 degrees, arc length 0.1mm, straight reflecting surface 15 anoscope center symmetry axis parallel line 24 included angle 30 degrees, length 0.1mm in the inner barrel 12 rough inner wall 14 microstructure.
PVC material is adopted to mould the mirror core 2, and the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃. The height of the lens core 2 is 100mm, the maximum section external diameter of the lens core head 10 is 12mm, the lens core rod 9 is cylindrical, the length of the lens core rod 9 is 45mm, and the widest part is 5.5mm; the thickness of the mirror core fixing piece 8 is 1.5mm, and the diameter is 12mm; the core handle 7 is 25mm long.
The color-changing ink is adopted to offset the scale marks on the inner wall of the outer mirror cylinder 13, the color-changing temperature is below 33 ℃, the color-changing ink is red, and after reaching or exceeding 33 ℃, the color-changing ink turns blue, and the color-changing ink is naturally dried after being printed for 30 minutes.
After the mirror body 1 and the mirror core 2 are manufactured, the mirror body and the mirror core are combined, and then the coating is coated. The lubricating coating is arranged below the fixed ring 5, and is prepared by spraying and drying, wherein the spraying time is 5min, the drying temperature is 50 ℃, the drying time is 30min, the components of the lubricating coating are chloroform solution of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and the concentration of the solution is 0.1%.
Example 2
The outer lens barrel 13 is injection molded by adopting a thermochromic color master batch and PP, wherein the ratio of the thermochromic color master batch to the PP is 5/21, and the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃. The outer barrel 13 has a color-changing temperature of 33 ℃ and exceeds the color-changing temperature, and the outer barrel 13 is changed from silvery white to transparent.
The outer lens barrel 13 is 75mm in height, 1mm in wall thickness, 55mm in diameter of an opening of the outer bell mouth 4, 17.5mm in depth of the outer bell mouth 4, 55mm in length and 17.5mm in width of a single-side handle of the double-handle 3, 180-degree included angles between the double-handle 3 are formed, the fixing holes 11 are irregularly shaped, 9.5mm in width at the thicker end and 4mm in width at the thinner end, 35mm in diameter at the thicker end of the outer lens barrel 6, 25mm in diameter at the thinner end, 57.5mm in length, 3 in number of fixing rings 5, 3mm in width of the fixing rings 5, 40mm in outer diameter and 3.5mm in space between the fixing rings 5.
Injecting the inner lens barrel 12 by adopting a PP material, wherein the injection temperature is 160-200 ℃, and the height of the inner lens barrel 12 is 75mm; the wall thickness is 1mm, the opening diameter of the inner bell mouth 22 is 53mm, and the depth of the inner bell mouth 22 is 17.5mm; the endoscope 23 has a thick end diameter of 33mm, a thin end diameter of 23mm and a length of 57.5mm.
The arc reflecting surface 16 in the microstructure of the rough inner wall 14 in the inner lens barrel 12 has 90 degrees of radian, 0.55mm of arc length, 45 degrees of included angle between the straight reflecting surface 15 and the parallel line 24 of the central symmetry axis of the anoscope, and 0.8mm of length.
PVC injection molding mirror core 2 is adopted, and the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃. The height of the lens core 2 is 125mm, the maximum section external diameter of the lens core head 10 is 21mm, the lens core rod 9 is a right tetrahedron cylinder, the length of the lens core rod 9 is 57.5mm, and the widest part is 10.25mm; the thickness of the mirror core fixing piece 8 is 2.25mm, and the diameter is 31mm; the length of the lens core handle 7 is 32.5mm.
The color-changing ink is adopted to offset the scale marks on the inner wall of the outer mirror cylinder 13, the color-changing temperature is 33 ℃, the color-changing ink is green, and after the temperature reaches or exceeds 33 ℃, the color-changing ink turns red, and the color-changing ink is dried at 45 ℃ and the drying time is 20min after printing.
After the mirror body 1 and the mirror core 2 are manufactured, the mirror body and the mirror core are combined, and then the coating is coated. The lubricating coating is arranged below the fixed ring 5 and is prepared by soaking and drying, wherein the soaking time is 5s, the drying temperature is 18 ℃, the drying time is 2h, the components of the lubricating coating are polyethylene oxide solution, the solvent adopted by the lubricating coating is water, and the concentration of the solution is 7.5%.
Example 3
The outer lens barrel 13 is injection molded by adopting a thermochromic color master batch and PVC, wherein the ratio of the thermochromic color master batch to the PVC is 3/7, and the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃. The color-changing temperature of the outer lens barrel 13 is 33 ℃, and reaches or exceeds the color-changing temperature, the outer lens barrel 13 is changed from silvery white to colorless and transparent.
The outer lens barrel 13 is 100mm in height, 1mm in wall thickness, 70mm in diameter of an opening of the outer bell mouth 4, 30mm in depth of the outer bell mouth 4, 80mm long and 20mm wide in single-sided handles of the double handles 3, 180 degrees in included angle between the double handles 3, the fixing holes 11 are irregularly shaped, 10mm wide at the thicker end and 6mm wide at the thinner end, 50mm in diameter of the thicker end of the outer lens tube 6, 30mm in diameter of the thinner end, 70mm long, 5 fixing rings, 1mm wide in number of fixing rings, 55mm in outer diameter and 2mm in spacing between the fixing rings 5.
Adopting PVC material to injection mold the inner lens barrel 12, wherein the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃, and the height of the inner lens barrel 12 is 100mm; the wall thickness is 2mm, the opening diameter of the inner bell mouth 22 is 68mm, and the depth of the inner bell mouth 22 is 30mm; the endoscope 23 has a thick end with a diameter of 48mm, a thin end with a diameter of 28mm and a length of 70mm.
The arc reflecting surface 16 in the microstructure of the rough inner wall 14 in the inner lens barrel 12 has an arc angle of 120 degrees, an arc length of 1mm, and an included angle of 60 degrees between the straight reflecting surface 15 and the parallel line 24 of the central symmetry axis of the anoscope, and the length of 1.5mm.
The PP material is adopted to mould the mirror core 2, and the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃. The height of the lens core 2 is 150mm, the maximum section external diameter of the lens core head 10 is 24mm, the lens core rod 9 is a cross cylinder, the length of the lens core rod 9 is 70mm, the widest part is 15mm, the thickness of the lens core fixing piece 8 is 3mm, the diameter is 44mm, and the length of the lens core handle 7 is 40mm.
And (3) offset printing scale marks on the inner wall of the mirror body 1 by adopting color-changing ink, wherein the color-changing temperature is 33 ℃, the color-changing ink is blue, and after the color-changing ink reaches or exceeds 33 ℃, the color-changing ink turns red, and is dried at 60 ℃ after printing for 10min.
After the mirror body 1 and the mirror core 2 are manufactured, the mirror body and the mirror core are combined, and then the coating is coated. The lubricating coating is arranged below the fixed ring 5, and is prepared by soaking and then drying, wherein the soaking time is 72 hours, the drying temperature is 80 ℃, the drying time is 30 minutes, the components of the lubricating coating are polyethylene glycol solution, the solvent adopted by the lubricating coating is ethanol, and the concentration of the solution is 15%.
Comparative example 1
The outer lens barrel 13 is injection molded by PVC material, and the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃. The outer lens barrel 13 is 48mm in height, 0.8mm in wall thickness, 38mm in opening diameter of the outer bell mouth 4, 4mm in depth of the outer bell mouth 4, 28mm in length of a single handle, 14mm in width, 19mm in diameter of the thick end of the outer lens barrel 6, 19mm in diameter of the thin end and 44mm in length.
PVC material is adopted to mould the mirror core 2, and the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃. The height of the lens core 2 is 98mm, the maximum section external diameter of the lens core head 10 is 17.4mm, the lens core rod 9 is cylindrical, the length of the lens core rod 9 is 44mm, the widest part is 5mm, the thickness of the lens core fixing piece 8 is 1.3mm, the diameter of the lens core fixing piece is 17.4mm, and the length of the lens core handle 7 is 24mm.
Comparative example 2
The PP material is adopted to mould the outer lens barrel 13, the injection temperature is 160-200 ℃, the outer lens barrel 13 is 102mm in height, 2.2mm in wall thickness, 72mm in diameter of the opening of the outer bell mouth 4, 32mm in depth of the outer bell mouth 4, single handle, 82mm in length of the handle, 22mm in width, 52mm in diameter of the thick end of the outer lens barrel 6, 32mm in diameter of the thin end and 71mm in length.
Injecting a mirror core 2 by using a PP material, wherein the injection temperature is 160-200 ℃, the height of the mirror core 2 is 152mm, the maximum section external diameter of a mirror core head 10 is 27.6mm, a mirror core rod 9 is a cross cylinder, the length of the mirror core rod 9 is 71mm, and the widest part is 15.5mm; the thickness of the lens core fixing piece 8 is 3.2mm, the diameter is 47.6mm, and the length of the lens core handle 7 is 41mm.
Taking 3 anoscopes of example 1, number: 1. 2, 3; taking 3 anoscopes of example 2, number: 4. 5, 6; taking 3 anoscopes of example 3, number: 7. 8, 9; 3 anoscopes of comparative example 1 were taken and numbered: 10. 11, 12; 3 anoscopes of comparative example 2 are taken, and the numbers are 13, 14 and 15; the anoscope is numbered and then inserted, and 5 test animals are pigs. Wherein the anoscopes of examples 1, 2 and 3 are partially immersed in water for 5-10s before inserting the anoscope, the lubrication coating is activated, and the anoscopes of comparative examples 1 and 2 are directly subjected to the insertion operation. Respectively recording the time for inserting all the lens tubes into anus; after the anoscope is inserted, whether the visual field in the anoscope is bright or not is visually detected; whether the graduation line is clear.
TABLE 1 results of anoscope insertion test
The following tests find that: the anoscope with the coating is inserted more smoothly and less time is needed; the visual field in the anoscope is clearer, the graduation marks of the anoscope of the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 are clear, and the anoscope graduation marks can clearly display the insertion depth of the anoscope due to color change, and the results can be known as follows:
(1) The lubricating coating can enable the insertion process of the anoscope to be smoother;
(2) The mirror body 1 changes color by sensing temperature and the rough inner wall 14 can concentrate more light to the observation part, so that the observation field of view is brighter;
(3) The scale mark is convenient for measuring the depth of the affected part.
Claims (10)
1. The self-fixing anoscope with the lubricating coating is characterized by comprising a scope body and a scope core; the mirror core consists of a mirror core head, a mirror core rod, a mirror core fixing piece and a mirror core handle; the outer lens barrel is composed of a double handle, an outer horn mouth and an outer lens tube, wherein the end part of the double handle is provided with a fixing hole, the outer lens tube is provided with a fixing ring, the lower end of the fixing ring is provided with a lubricating coating, the inner lens barrel is composed of an inner horn mouth and an inner lens tube, the lower part of the inner wall of the inner lens barrel is smooth, the upper part of the inner lens barrel is rough, the microstructure of the rough inner wall is composed of an arc-shaped reflecting surface and a straight reflecting surface, the inner wall of the outer lens barrel is provided with scale marks printed by color-changing ink, the surface of the scale marks is smooth, the outer lens barrel is formed by injection molding of thermochromic color masterbatch and high polymer materials, the surface color of the outer lens barrel is changed at 33 ℃, the inner lens barrel is formed by injection molding of high polymer materials, the inner lens barrel is colorless and transparent, the inner lens barrel and the outer lens barrel are in tight contact with no gap.
2. The self-retaining anoscope with a lubricious coating of claim 1, wherein the outer barrel is 50-100mm high and has a wall thickness of 1-2mm; the diameter of the opening of the outer bell mouth is 40-70mm, and the depth of the outer bell mouth is 5-30mm; the length of the single-side handle of the two handles is 30-80mm, the width of the single-side handle of the two handles is 15-20mm, and an included angle between the two handles is 180 degrees; the fixing holes are irregularly shaped, the width of the thicker end is 9-10mm, and the width of the thinner end is 2-6mm; the diameter of the thick end of the outer lens tube is 20-50mm, the diameter of the thin end of the outer lens tube is 20-30mm, and the length of the outer lens tube is 45-70mm; the number of the fixing rings is 1-5, the width of the fixing rings is 1-5mm, the outer diameter is 25-55mm, and the distance between the fixing rings is 2-5mm.
3. The self-retaining anoscope with a lubricious coating of claim 1, wherein the inner barrel is 50-100mm high and has a wall thickness of 1-2mm; the diameter of the opening of the inner bell mouth is 36-68mm, and the depth of the inner bell mouth is 5-30mm; the diameter of the thick end of the endoscope tube is 16-48mm, the diameter of the thin end of the endoscope tube is 16-28mm, and the length of the endoscope tube is 45-70mm; the rough inner wall is positioned in the upper 2/3 area of the inner lens barrel, the radian of the arc-shaped reflecting surface is 60-120 degrees, the arc length is 0.1-1mm, the included angle between the straight reflecting surface and the central symmetry axis of the anoscope is 30-60 degrees, the length is 0.1-1.5mm, and the microstructure occupies 75% -95% of the rough surface area.
4. The self-retaining anoscope with a lubrication coating according to claim 1, wherein the thermochromic pigment is one or both of a reversible thermochromic pigment and polyethylene or polystyrene, the reversible thermochromic pigment is 8% -11%, the thermochromic pigment is silvery white, the color change temperature is 33 ℃, the color change temperature is up to or beyond the color change temperature, and the thermochromic pigment becomes colorless and transparent.
5. The self-retaining anoscope with a lubricious coating of claim 1, wherein the polymeric material is a colorless transparent polymeric material, and is one of PVC or PP.
6. The self-fixing anoscope with the lubricating coating according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the thermochromic color master to the polymer material is 1/24-3/7 when the outer lens barrel is injection molded, the injection molding temperature is 160-200 ℃, the outer lens barrel is silvery white below 33 ℃, the temperature reaches or exceeds 33 ℃, the outer lens barrel is changed from silvery white to transparent, the temperature is reduced to below the color changing temperature, and the outer lens barrel is restored to silvery white.
7. The self-retaining anoscope of claim 1, wherein the core is 100-150mm high; the lens core head is hemispherical, the center of the largest cross section of the lens core head is connected with the lens core rod, and the outer diameter of the largest cross section of the lens core head is 12-26mm; the other end of the mirror core rod is connected with the mirror core fixing piece, the mirror core rod is one of a cylindrical column, a regular polyhedral column or a cross column, the length of the mirror core rod is 45-70mm, and the widest part is 5.5-15mm; the thickness of the mirror core fixing piece is 1.5-3mm, and the diameter is 12-46mm; the lens core handle is a lens core head end, and the length of the lens core handle is 25-40mm.
8. The self-retaining anoscope with a lubricious coating of claim 1, wherein the core is injection molded from one of PVC or PP at a temperature of 160-200 ℃ and the core tip is smooth and round without burrs.
9. The self-retaining anoscope with a lubricating coating according to claim 1, wherein the scale mark is printed by a color-changing ink, the color-changing temperature of the color-changing ink is 33 ℃, the color of the color-changing ink is red, green and blue or other colors mixed by the three primary colors below the color-changing temperature, after reaching or exceeding the color-changing temperature, the color-changing ink becomes a color with larger color difference below the color-changing temperature, and is reduced below the color-changing temperature again, the color-changing ink recovers the original color, the color-changing ink is printed by offset printing, and is dried naturally or dried at 45-60 ℃ after printing for 10-30min, and the color-changing ink presents a color different from the color of the outer mirror cylinder above and below the color-changing temperature.
10. The self-retaining anoscope with a lubrication coating according to claim 1, wherein the lubrication coating is under the retaining ring, the thickness of the lubrication coating is 5-100 μm, the lubrication coating is made by spraying or soaking the lubrication coating solution, and then drying, wherein the soaking or spraying time is 5s-72h, the drying temperature is 18-80 ℃, and the drying time is 30min-4h; the lubricating coating solution comprises one or more of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, glycerol, ethylene glycol and chitosan to form copolymer or hydrogel solution; the solvent used in the lubricating coating solution is one or a combination of more of water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, chloroform and tetrahydrofuran; the concentration of the solution is 0.1% -15%.
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