CN116983560A - Liquid radioactive source applying device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid radioactive source applying device which is structurally characterized in that a nuclide channel is arranged in an applying source guide pipe, a plurality of nuclide balloons are arranged at the front end of the applying source guide pipe along the applying source guide pipe, the nuclide balloons are communicated with the nuclide channel, a nuclide inlet communicated with the nuclide channel is arranged at the rear end of the applying source guide pipe, a retractable positioning support is arranged at the front end of the applying source guide pipe, the applying source guide pipe is positioned at the center of the positioning support, a support recovery inner sleeve pipe is sleeved outside the applying source guide pipe, an anti-radiation outer sleeve pipe is sleeved outside the support recovery inner sleeve pipe, a traction wire is connected to the positioning support, and the traction wire penetrates through the support recovery inner sleeve pipe and stretches out from the rear end of the support recovery inner sleeve pipe. The nuclides of the invention are not lost, and are not gathered in other organs and cause damage. The dose can be accurately calculated, so that the curative effect and the complications can be accurately predicted. The dose distribution of the organs at risk around the target region can be accurately assessed.

Description

Liquid radioactive source application device

Technical field

The present invention relates to a source application device, specifically a liquid radioactive source application device.

Background technique

Liquid radionuclides are widely used in the treatment of various diseases, such as iodine-131 radionuclide treatment for hyperthyroidism, yttrium-90 radionuclide embolization treatment for liver cancer, etc. The mechanism of this type of treatment is to allow radionuclides to accumulate in the lesion area through oral administration or intravascular injection, and the rays released by the radionuclides kill the cells in the lesion to achieve the therapeutic effect. This type of method has the following shortcomings: 1. The nuclide is lost, the nuclide cannot completely reach the target lesion, and the nuclide dose to the target lesion is difficult to accurately calculate; 2. The nuclide enters the patient's blood circulation, and there may be nuclide in other organs. Aggregation causes radioactive damage; 3. It cannot be used for tumors that lack blood supply or has no physiological radionuclide uptake; 4. It is impossible to accurately calculate the accurate two-dimensional and three-dimensional dose distribution of target lesions; 5. It is impossible to accurately evaluate the dose to organs at risk; 6. It is impossible to accurately predict the efficacy and complications; 7. In the past, oral administration or intravascular injection of liquid radionuclides could not treat vascular stenosis. Therefore, the existing methods of oral or intravascular injection of liquid radionuclides often lead to recurrence of the disease due to inaccurate target dose, and the accumulation of radionuclides in other organs can easily lead to complications.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid radioactive source application device to solve the problems of inaccurate target dose and nuclide loss caused by existing methods of oral or intravascular injection of liquid radionuclides.

The present invention is implemented as follows: a liquid radioactive source application device, which is provided with a nuclide channel in the source conduit, and a number of nuclide balloons are provided at the front end of the source conduit along the source conduit. The nuclide balloon is connected to the nuclide channel, a nuclide inlet connected to the nuclide channel is provided at the rear end of the source catheter, and a retractable positioning bracket is provided at the front end of the source catheter, And the source conduit is located in the center of the positioning bracket, a stent recovery inner sleeve is connected to the source conduit, a radiation protection outer sleeve is connected to the stent recovery inner sleeve, and a radiation protection outer sleeve is connected to the positioning bracket. A traction wire is connected to the stent recovery inner sleeve, and the traction wire passes through the stent recovery inner sleeve and extends from the rear end of the stent recovery inner sleeve.

A distal mark is provided at the frontmost end of the source catheter, and a proximal mark is provided at the frontmost end of the radiation-proof outer sleeve. The proximal mark and the distal mark are X-ray development marks.

A guide wire channel is also provided in the source catheter, and the guide wire channel runs through the entire source catheter.

The positioning bracket includes a stent wall with a mesh structure. A support frame is evenly arranged around the axis on the inner wall of the stent wall. The support frame is in contact with the outer wall of the source catheter or the outer wall of the nuclide balloon. Contact, an annular recovery line is provided at the rear end of the bracket wall, and the pulling line is connected to the recovery line.

The front end of the stent retrieval inner sleeve is a bell-mouth-shaped recovery opening. The recovery opening is composed of a plurality of valve bodies, and the valve bodies are inclined outward in the radial direction of the stent recovery inner sleeve.

It also includes a nuclide injection device. The nuclide injection device includes a radiation protection box. A syringe shell is provided in the radiation protection box. A water inlet pipe and a nuclide outflow pipe are connected to both ends of the syringe shell. , the nuclide outflow pipe is used to communicate with the nuclide inlet, and a water-driven piston is provided in the syringe housing. The water-driven piston divides the inner cavity of the syringe housing into two cavities, and The cavity connected to the nuclide outflow pipe is used to hold liquid nuclide.

A pressure measuring tube is connected to a cavity in the syringe housing that is connected to the water inlet pipe. The pressure measuring tube extends out of the radiation protection box and is connected to a pressure measuring device.

The present invention is used for the source operation of liquid radionuclides. Because the liquid radionuclides are not directly taken orally or injected into the human body, but the liquid radionuclides are transported into the nuclide balloon. Since the nuclide is in the nuclide balloon And the source catheter does not enter the blood circulation, so the radionuclide will not be lost, will not accumulate in other organs and cause damage. The number and size of radionuclide balloons can be controlled, so the dose can be accurately calculated, so the efficacy and complications can be accurately predicted. Radiation therapy can be performed by puncturing the tumor or natural human body cavity, and can theoretically be applied to various tumors. The accurate two-dimensional and three-dimensional dose distribution of target lesions can be accurately calculated based on CT, MRI and other images. The dose distribution of organs at risk around the target area can be accurately assessed. And can be used to treat blood vessel stenosis.

The invention can ensure the accuracy of the dose in the target area, avoid the recurrence of the disease, and avoid complications caused by the accumulation of nuclide in other organs.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the nuclide injection device of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of the source catheter of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the nuclide balloon of the present invention after expansion.

In the picture: 1. Source catheter; 2. Nuclide balloon; 3. Positioning stent; 4. Traction wire; 5. Stent recovery inner sleeve; 6. Radiation-proof outer sleeve; 7. Distal mark; 8. Near end mark; 9. Radiation protection box; 10. Syringe housing; 11. Water piston; 12. Water inlet pipe; 13. Nuclide outflow pipe; 14. Pressure measuring tube; 1-1. Nuclide inlet; 1- 2. Nuclide channel; 1-3, guide wire channel; 3-1, stent wall; 3-2, support frame; 5-1, recovery port.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a liquid radioactive source device. Its structure is that nuclide channels 1-2 are provided in the source conduit 1, and there are nuclide channels 1-2 at the front end of the source conduit 1 along the source conduit 1. Several nuclide balloons 2 are connected with the nuclide channel 1-2. A nuclide inlet 1-1 connected with the nuclide channel 1-2 is provided at the rear end of the source catheter 1. The front end of the catheter 1 is provided with a retractable positioning bracket 3, and the source catheter 1 is located in the center of the positioning bracket 3. The source catheter 1 is covered with a stent recovery inner sleeve 5, and the stent recovery inner sleeve 5 is covered with a The radiation-proof outer casing 6 is connected to the traction wire 4 on the positioning bracket 3. The traction wire 4 passes through the stent recovery inner casing 5 and extends from the rear end of the stent recovery inner casing 5.

As shown in Figure 3, the source catheter 1 of the present invention has a dual-channel structure, including a nuclide channel 1-2 and a guidewire channel 1-3. The guide wire channels 1-3 are used for threading the guide wire, so the guide wire channels 1-3 run through the entire source catheter 1. When used, the guide wire can be passed in from the rear end of the source catheter 1, and from the front end of the source catheter 1 Wear out. The nuclide channel 1-2 is used to transport liquid nuclide, so the rear end of the nuclide channel 1-2 is connected to the nuclide inlet 1-1, and the front part of the nuclide channel 1-2 is connected to the nuclide on the source tube 1. The nuclide balloons 2 are connected, and the liquid nuclide injected from the nuclide inlet 1-1 enters into each nuclide balloon 2 through the nuclide channel 1-2. A switch is provided on the nuclide inlet 1-1.

The source catheter 1 can be guided to the treatment area through the guide wire.

The nuclide balloon 2 is made of flexible material. When the liquid nuclide enters the nuclide balloon 2, the nuclide balloon 2 is propped up. The diameter of the nuclide balloon 2 can be determined as needed to control the nuclide. dose. The nuclide balloon 2 has a certain length, and several nuclide balloons 2 can be connected end to end or separated by a certain distance as needed to control the distribution of the dose.

However, not all the liquid nuclides in the nuclide balloon 2 will have a therapeutic effect. The source catheter 1 is covered with a radiation-proof outer tube 6. According to the dose distribution design needs, the unused nuclide balloon 2 will be Shielded by the radiation-proof outer casing 6, only the nuclide balloon 2 extending in front of the radiation-proof outer casing 6 will act on the target area, so that the length of the radioactive nuclide can be controlled. At the same time, if the nuclide balloon 2 is inside the radiation-proof outer casing 6, the nuclide balloon 2 located in the radiation-proof outer casing 6 will not be filled when the liquid nuclide is injected. The radionuclide balloon 2 will not have a therapeutic effect. The relative position of the radiation-proof outer sleeve 6 and the source catheter 1 can be adjusted according to the length of the tumor, thereby determining the actual treatment length.

A distal mark 7 is provided at the front end of the source catheter 1 , and a proximal mark 8 is provided at the front end of the radiation-proof outer sleeve 6 . The distal mark 7 is used to determine the position of the front end of the source catheter 1. The distal mark 7 is developed under X-rays to locate the starting position of the nuclide balloon 2. The proximal mark 8 is used to determine the frontal position of the front end of the radiation-proof outer tube 6. The proximal mark 8 is developed under X-rays to locate the end position of the nuclide balloon 2 acting on the target area. By combining the distal mark 7 and the proximal mark 8 with X-ray imaging technology, the nuclide balloon 2 can be accurately acted on a predetermined position, and the effective nuclide area can be accurately controlled (meaning that the nuclide balloon 2 can be directly The length of the radionuclide balloon (part 2) acting on the surrounding tissue.

The positioning bracket 3 includes a bracket wall 3-1 with a mesh structure. On the inner wall of the bracket wall 3-1, a support frame 3-2 is evenly arranged around the axis. The support frame 3-2 is in contact with the outer wall of the source catheter 1 or the nuclide. The outer walls of the balloon 2 are in contact with each other, and an annular recovery line is provided at the rear end of the stent wall 3-1, and the traction line 4 is connected to the recovery line.

The positioning bracket 3 is made of metal material or biological material. The bracket wall 3-1 is cylindrical as a whole, and meshes are evenly opened on the bracket wall 3-1 to form a mesh structure. The mesh-like structure of the bracket wall 3-1 has It has certain support ability and can fold and shrink under certain external force. The stent wall 3-1 is in contact with the outer wall of the source catheter 1 or the outer wall of the nuclide balloon 2 through the support frame 3-2 with a sheet or columnar structure. Since the support frame 3-2 is evenly distributed around the axis of the positioning stent 3 , so under the centering effect of the support frame 3-2, the source catheter 1 is located in the center of the positioning support 3, so that the distance between the nuclide balloon 2 and the surrounding human tissue is consistent, so that the radiation dose of the nuclide acts evenly on the surrounding organize.

The positioning bracket 3 is initially in a contracted state and is hidden in the stent recovery inner casing 5. The positioning bracket 3 advances together with the source catheter 1. When the nuclide balloon 2 reaches the predetermined position, the positioning bracket 3 retreats to the stent recovery inner casing 5 and the anti-injection tube 5. The radiation outer tube 6 releases the positioning bracket 3, and after release, the positioning bracket 3 unfolds. During the advancement of the device, the positioning bracket 3 is hidden in the bracket recovery inner sleeve 5 to prevent it from affecting the advancement of the device.

Optimally, the support frame 3-2 of the positioning bracket 3 is in contact with the outer wall of the source catheter 1, and the support frame 3-2 is elastic. In the preliminary stage, the positioning bracket 3 is sleeved at the corresponding position of the source catheter 1, and Make the support frame 3-2 avoid the position of the nuclide balloon 2, make the support frame 3-2 contact the outer wall of the source catheter 1 between two adjacent nuclide balloons 2, and then shrink the positioning bracket 3 and move it The stent recovery inner sleeve 5 and the radiation-proof outer sleeve 6 are sleeved on the source conduit 1 in sequence, thereby hiding the positioning bracket 3, and the positioning bracket 3 can move with the entire device.

Due to the existence of the positioning stent 3, the present invention is suitable for the treatment of vascular stenosis.

The release of the positioning bracket 3 is easy to achieve, but the recovery of the positioning bracket 3 is indeed difficult to achieve. In the prior art, the positioning bracket 3 is generally kept in the human body or made of degradable materials. However, in the present invention, the positioning bracket 3 generally needs to be taken out and recycled. In order to ensure that the positioning bracket 3 can be easily recycled, a special design is made in the present invention.

In the present invention, the recovery of the positioning bracket 3 is realized through the recovery line, the pulling line 4 and the inner sleeve 5 of the bracket recovery.

An annular recovery line is provided at the rear end of the bracket wall 3-1, and the traction line 4 is connected to the recovery line. Since the bracket wall 3-1 has a mesh structure, the recovery line passes through each mesh in sequence and is pulled by the traction line 4. When retrieving the wire, the retracting wire can shrink the end of the stent wall 3-1 to become smaller, and the smaller positioning stent 3 is pulled out and recycled through the stent retrieval inner sleeve 5.

In order to facilitate the recovery of the positioning bracket 3, the front end of the bracket recovery inner sleeve 5 is a bell-shaped recovery port 5-1. After the positioning bracket 3 enters the bell mouth, it shrinks under the action of the slope of the bell mouth. After shrinking, it can smoothly Enter the stent recovery inner sleeve 5.

Optimally, the recovery port 5-1 is composed of multiple valve bodies, and the valve bodies are inclined outward in the radial direction of the stent recovery inner sleeve 5. The entire stent recovery inner sleeve 5 or the recovery port 5-1 is made of flexible material, the valve body can swing under the action of external force, and when all the valve bodies are brought together, the diameter of its outline is smaller than the stent recovery inner sleeve 5 inner diameter. This recovery port 5-1 can be made by cutting the end material of the stent recovery inner casing 5, that is, multiple cutting cuts are evenly cut around the axis at the end of the stent recovery inner casing 5, and the end of the stent recovery inner casing 5 is The material at the bottom is formed into a plurality of petals, and then the petals are bent outward along their roots to form a bell-shaped recovery port 5-1.

Initially, the stent retrieval inner sleeve 5 is located in the radiation-proof outer sleeve 6. At this time, the bell mouth is also folded and hidden in the radiation-proof outer sleeve 6, thereby preventing the device from affecting the progress of the device in human blood vessels or tissues. When it is necessary to recycle the positioning stent 3, push the stent retrieval inner sleeve 5 forward relative to the radiation-proof outer sleeve 6, and the flap at the front end of the stent retrieval inner sleeve 5 will open outwards without being restrained by the radiation-proof outer sleeve 6. Form a bell mouth.

The present invention also includes a nuclide injection device, which is used to transport liquid nuclide into the nuclide balloon 2 of the source catheter 1 .

The nuclide injection device includes a radiation protection box 9. A syringe housing 10 is provided in the radiation protection box 9. Both ends of the syringe housing 10 are connected with a water inlet pipe 12 and a nuclide outflow pipe 13. The nuclide outflow pipe 13 It is used to communicate with the nuclide inlet 1-1. A water-driven piston 11 is provided in the syringe housing 10. The water-driven piston 11 divides the inner cavity of the syringe housing 10 into two cavities and is connected with the nuclide outflow pipe 13. The cavity is used to hold liquid nuclide.

A pressure measuring tube 14 is connected to the cavity in the syringe housing 10 that is connected to the water inlet pipe 12. The pressure measuring tube 14 extends out of the radiation protection box 9 and is connected to the pressure measuring device.

The rays of the liquid nuclide are shielded by the radiation-proof box 9. The injection of the liquid nuclide is driven by hydraulic power to avoid direct contact or exposure of the operator to rays. Water is transported into the syringe housing 10 through the water inlet pipe 12 and pushed The water-driven piston 11 moves, thereby transporting the liquid nuclide to the nuclide inlet 1-1 through the nuclide outflow pipe 13, and the liquid nuclide enters the nuclide balloon 2 through the nuclide channel 1-2. When the nuclide balloon 2 expands to the maximum, the liquid pressure of the liquid nuclide increases, and the pressure is transmitted to the pressure measuring tube 14 and monitored by the pressure measuring device. When the pressure value displayed by the pressure measuring device reaches the predetermined value, the injection of water is stopped. , at this time, the size of the nuclide balloon 2 reaches the requirement.

The radiation-proof box 9 is supported by lead glass and can shield rays while allowing the internal situation to be observed from the outside.

When using the present invention to treat tumors, the steps are as follows:

1. Establish a channel in the treatment area: For tumor treatment, percutaneous puncture can be used to directly reach the tumor and then use a thicker trocar to establish a channel and insert a guide wire; for luminal tumors, a guide wire can be inserted through the normal lumen of the human body. Establish a channel; for vascular stenosis, a channel can be established through conventional vascular interventional approaches and a guidewire can be inserted.

2. Insert the source catheter 1 into the treatment area: Insert the head end of the guide wire into the established treatment area channel. After the guide wire reaches the predetermined position, insert the tail end of the guide wire into the head end of the source catheter 1. Wait for the tail end of the guide wire to After coming out from the tail end of the source catheter, ensure that the position of the guide wire remains unchanged, and the guide wire passes through the guide wire channels 1-3 in the source catheter 1. Insert the source catheter 1 together with the positioning stent 3, the stent recovery inner sleeve 5 and the radiation-proof outer sleeve 6 into the treatment area, observe the position of the distal mark 7 in real time through X-ray, etc., when the front end of the nuclide balloon 2 reaches The length to be treated is determined based on the images when booking the position. The retreating bracket recovers the inner casing 5 and the radiation-proof outer casing 6, and releases the positioning bracket 3. At the same time, calculate the number of balloons that need to be released according to the length of each balloon, and continue to retreat the stent to recover the inner sleeve 5 and the radiation-proof outer sleeve 6. When the proximal mark 8 reaches the predetermined position, it means that enough nuclide balloons 2 have been released. .

3. Liquid nuclide preparation: Fill the cavity in the syringe housing 10 that is connected with the nuclide outflow pipe 13 with the liquid nuclide and contrast agent, then put the syringe housing 10 into the radiation protection box 9 and connect the water inlet pipes respectively. 12 and nuclide outflow pipe 13 protrude from the holes on both sides of the radiation protection box 9. The nuclide outflow pipe 13 is connected to the nuclide inlet 1-1, and the pressure measuring pipe 14 is connected to the pressure measuring device.

4. Liquid nuclide injection: open the switch of the nuclide inlet 1-1, use a syringe or a liquid pumping device to transport water into the syringe housing 10 through the water inlet pipe 12, and observe the water moving piston in the syringe housing 10 through the lead glass. 11 position, while observing the balloon expansion under X-ray fluoroscopy. Observe the pressure value measured by the pressure measuring device. When the pressure reaches the preset pressure value, stop the injection and close the switch of nuclide inlet 1-1. At this time, the nuclide balloon 2 is as shown in Figure 4, and the nuclide balloon 2 is filled with liquid nuclide.

5. Radionuclide treatment: Scan CT or MRI of the treatment area, calculate the time required for treatment according to the size, depth, length, etc. of the tumor. After reaching the treatment time, open the switch of the nuclide inlet 1-1 and withdraw the nuclide balloon 2. Liquid nuclide.

6. Withdraw the source catheter 1: push the stent retrieval inner casing 5 forward, the front end of the stent retrieval inner casing 5 extends out of the radiation-proof outer casing 6, wait until the front end bell opens, as shown in Figure 1, and then Then pull the recovery wire, wait until the positioning stent 3 has completely entered the stent recovery inner sleeve 5, and then pull out the source catheter 1 along the guide wire. The extracted parts are placed in a radiation-proof container for harmless treatment.

The present invention is used for the source operation of liquid radionuclides. Since the liquid radionuclides are not directly taken orally or injected into the human body, the liquid radionuclides are transported into the nuclide balloon 2. Since the nuclide is in the nuclide ball, The capsule 2 and the source catheter 1 do not enter the blood circulation, so the radionuclide will not be lost and will not accumulate in other organs and cause damage. The number and size of the radionuclide balloons 2 can be controlled, so the dose can be accurately calculated, so the efficacy and complications can be accurately predicted. Radiation therapy can be performed by puncturing the tumor or natural human body cavity, and can theoretically be applied to various tumors. The accurate two-dimensional and three-dimensional dose distribution of target lesions can be accurately calculated based on CT, MRI and other images. The dose distribution of organs at risk around the target area can be accurately assessed. And can be used to treat blood vessel stenosis.

The invention can ensure the accuracy of the dose in the target area, avoid the recurrence of the disease, and avoid complications caused by the accumulation of nuclide in other organs.

Claims (7)

1. A liquid radioactive source device, characterized in that a nuclide channel is provided in the source conduit, and a number of nuclide balloons are provided at the front end of the source conduit along the source conduit, and the nuclide The balloon is connected to the nuclide channel, a nuclide inlet connected to the nuclide channel is provided at the rear end of the source catheter, a retractable positioning bracket is provided at the front end of the source catheter, and The source conduit is located in the center of the positioning bracket. A stent recovery inner sleeve is connected to the source conduit. A radiation-proof outer sleeve is connected to the stent recovery inner sleeve. On the positioning bracket, A traction wire is connected, and the traction wire passes through the stent recovery inner sleeve and extends from the rear end of the stent recovery inner sleeve. 2. The liquid radioactive source application device according to claim 1, characterized in that a distal mark is provided at the front end of the source conduit, and a proximal mark is provided at the front end of the radiation protection outer sleeve. , the proximal mark and the distal mark are X-ray development marks. 3. The liquid radioactive source application device according to claim 1, characterized in that a guide wire channel is further provided in the source conduit, and the guide wire channel penetrates the entire source conduit. 4. The liquid radioactive source application device according to claim 1, characterized in that the positioning bracket includes a bracket wall with a mesh structure, and support brackets are evenly arranged around the axis on the inner wall of the bracket wall, so The support frame is in contact with the outer wall of the source catheter or the nuclide balloon. An annular recovery line is provided at the rear end of the stent wall, and the traction line is connected to the recovery line. 5. The liquid radioactive source application device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front end of the stent recovery inner sleeve is a bell-shaped recovery port, and the recovery port is composed of a plurality of valves. The body is tilted outward in the radial direction of the stent recovery inner sleeve. 6. The liquid radioactive source application device according to claim 1, further comprising a nuclide injection device, the nuclide injection device includes a radiation protection box, and a syringe shell is provided in the radiation protection box. body, a water inlet pipe and a nuclide outflow pipe are respectively connected at both ends of the syringe housing, and the nuclide outflow pipe is used to communicate with the nuclide inlet. A water-operated piston is provided in the syringe housing. The hydrodynamic piston divides the inner cavity of the syringe housing into two cavities, and the cavity connected to the nuclide outflow pipe is used to contain liquid nuclide. 7. The liquid radioactive source application device according to claim 6, wherein a pressure measuring tube is connected to the cavity in the syringe housing that is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the pressure measuring tube extends to outside the radiation-proof box and connected to the pressure measuring device.