CN1169803A - Method and apparatus for assigning communications channels in a telephony system - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and apparatus in a communications system (100) for providing communications units (134) access to the communications system (100). The communications system (100) includes a cable distribution network (106) with a base communications unit (102) and a number of downstream communications units (134) all connected to the cable distribution network (106). A plurality of channels are used to transmit data between the base communications unit (102) and the downstream communications units (134). A first set of channels are used primarily for access to the communications system (100) and a second set of channels are used for transmitting data within the communications system (100) after access to the communications system (100) has been gained. The base communications unit (102) sends a first type of data transmission including an identification of access channels used for requesting access to the communications system (100). The base communications unit (102) assigns channels within the second set of channels response to receiving a request for access to the communications system (100) on the first set of channels. A mechanism also is provided for handling collisions in transmissions between the downstream communications units (134) to the base communications unit (102).

Description

In a cable telephone system, arrange the method and apparatus of communication channel

The present invention relates generally to a kind of communication system, relates in particular to a kind of method and apparatus of the many cable access units that are used to insert a cable telephony communication system.

In a cable telephony communication system, adopt frequency division multiplexing (FDM).FDM distributes to each independent channel by each independent sector with usable spectrum, allows to obtain from a transmission medium the continuous channel of two or more whiles, and these frequency ranges are separated by some minimum frequency ranges of isolating in the frequency range.FDM provides the physical channel (promptly independently frequency range) of fixed number in a cable telephony communication system.For on a cable telephony communication system, providing more channel, adopted Time Division Multiplexing to improve the number of users of operation.TDM provides time division multiple access to insert (TDMA), and wherein, the user is arranged at a limited period time division multiplex channel, in (being time slot), and a carrier frequency in the common share communication system.In fact, each user is arranged on the different time-gap of same frequency.A plurality of like this users can share same frequency.Transfer of data sends in time slot, and one of them communication unit only can distribute a particular time-slot in a finite time.

Problem in tdma system is to insert the required TDMA of providing channel by the user.A relevant problem is to manage conflict, and promptly two or more users attempt to insert or use identical TDMA channel.Correspondingly, need such system to satisfy the TDMA channel effectively and insert requirement, when a plurality of users attempt to use same channel, manage conflict effectively.

In claims, proposed to characterize new feature of the present invention.And invention itself is as a kind of optimal mode of use, and purpose and advantage, will with reference to after the detailed description of a following embodiment, get the best understanding in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Among the figure:

Fig. 1 is the diagram of using a communication system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 A be according to a cable control unit of the present invention (CCU) assembly a block diagram;

Fig. 2 B is a block diagram according to a cable access units of the present invention (CAU) assembly;

Fig. 3 is the spectrum allocation may diagram according to a communication system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 A is a diagram of a superframe used according to the invention;

Fig. 4 B is a diagram of a down channel and a up channel;

Fig. 5 A-5K is according to the present invention, provides CAU to insert the diagram of the different types of information pulse train of a communication system;

Fig. 6 is the state diagram of a CAU according to the present invention in system's joining procedure;

Fig. 7 is the state diagram of a CCU according to the present invention in system's joining procedure;

Fig. 8 is a description of a pulse train of the TDMA up link corresponding with a time slot of TDM down link;

Fig. 9 is according to the present invention, when a CAU attempts access communication system, and a flow chart of a processing of a CCU employing;

Figure 10 is a flow chart of a processing adopting during a CAU access communication system according to the present invention;

Figure 11 is a diagram of a pulse train of the downlink control channel according to the present invention;

Figure 12 solves attempt a processing conflicting between a plurality of CAU of access communication system one more detail flowchart according to the present invention.

Figure 13 is according to the present invention, responds a conflict between the CAU pulse train that mails to CCU, and a CCU is provided with a flow chart of wrongly written character indication (WEI) processing that bit adopted;

Figure 14 is presented on the system cut-in channel (SAC) that confirms to insert, the signaling between CCU and the CAU;

Figure 15 illustrates and inserts when being rejected on the SAC signaling between CAU and the CCU;

Figure 16 is when causing the connection again of a success to insert request, the diagram of signal between CAU and the CCU;

Figure 17 is when causing the connection again of once failing to insert request, the diagram of signal between CAU and the CCU; With

Figure 18 is when requiring additional call of access on slow channel, a diagram of used signal.

The user that the preferred embodiments of the present invention allow a plurality of cable telephone systems is the TDMA channel called out of access bearer as required.Equally, this embodiment can solve the conflict between two users that attempt to insert same channel effectively.This embodiment relates to two air interface communication agreements, respectively by following both descriptions: by the Generic Criteria for Version 0.1 WirelessAccess Communications Systems (WACS) of Bellcore publication in 1993, (TR-INS-001313), with Technical Ad Hoc Group 3 among the T1/TIAJoint technical Committee, the PersoualAccess Communiations System Air Interface Standard J-STD-014 (PACS) that publishes, above-mentioned file is incorporated herein by reference.

Summary from cable telephone system is described below.Describing the electrical property of cable companies general headquarters (" general headquarters (headend) ") end systems part then, is the electrical property of environment division in the user family or in the office afterwards.

This description explains how the frequency spectrum that can use on the cable is used for cable telephone system.Then, this is described the used frequency of discussing system and how to be divided into time slot, and how these time slots constitute according to the digital information of carrying.Describe the specific information form of some optional network specific digit information then, these information transmit in system, and channel inserts and conflict to solve.

Then, state diagram is discussed, this figure describes such processing, i.e. subscriber equipment, home office facility, the processing of connecting user's process on a TDMA channel.Describe the flow process net, diagram is handled accordingly thereupon.At last, the distinctive signal order is discussed for example, these signals occur in user's access channel and solve among the conflict process of different user access same channel.

I. cable telephone system general introduction

With reference to accompanying drawing, particularly Fig. 1 illustrates a communication system, and the present invention can implement therein.Communication system 100 is examples of a basic cable system structure, and it is an optical fiber/coaxial cable hybrid system (HFC), adopts optical fiber and coaxial cable to send user's service to the client permanent plant simultaneously.In addition, communication system 100 can be whole by coaxial cable, and optical fiber or other suitable communication medium constitute.Do not consider cable foundation structure, a cable branch can be served the distribution area that a community users is shared.In the example of describing, communication system 100 is cable telephony communication systems, in a HFC TV infrastructure on, provide telephone service with cable television service.

Communication system 100 comprises a cable control unit (CCU) 102 or other basic communication unit, is connected to user 104 by a distributed network 106 and a combiner 108.CCU is the part of cable companies home office facility, sends and receive call between it and the domestic consumer.Combiner 108 has the input of a video source 110.CCU102 also comprises cableport transceiver (CPX) 112, and it is connected to combiner 108.These cableport transceivers produce the descending carrier channel in the communication system 100." descending " or " down link " is used for this description, radio frequency (RF) signal in the fingering access customer end." up " or " up link " is used for this description, refers to the radiofrequency signal from user to general headquarters.

The CPX112 of combiner 108 from video source 110 and CCU102 receives modulation RF carrier wave, behind these signal plus, sends to distribution network 106.CPX112 is by controller 114 controls, and it provides all functions of supporting the data link portions in the system." data link part " refers to the ability of system with digital data form carrying call, as the system of other digital data form.The general headquarters of communication system generally include CCU102, combiner 108, video source 110.Digital switch 116 can be provided with away from general headquarters, also can be just among general headquarters.These assemblies are home office facilitys, and being responsible for provides access and Service Management to a plurality of users' of service cable system 100.Controller 11 among the CCU102 as T1 or E1, attaches to switch 116 by digital carrier equipment, is connected to a public switch telephone network (PSTN) 118.Switch 16 can be, for example, and a Pyatyi TELCO switch.

From the transmission of CCU102, carry on the distribution network 106 by downlink optical fiber main line 102 and uplink optical fibers main line 122.These optical fiber main lines are optical cables, are connected to Fiber Node (fiber node) 124.Direction conversion between the light part of optical fiber node 124 implementation fiber optic cables and the electricity part of distribution network 106 standard coaxial cables.Each optical fiber node 124 all has at least and is connected with a coverage 126.In described example, coverage 126 comprises coaxial cable, comprises trunk amplifier 128, is two-way amplifier in described example.In addition, two to line expander 130 close interfaces (tap) 132, and the latter connects the cable access units (CAU) 134 that is positioned at user 104.These CAU are also referred to as " subscriber communication units ".

CCU102 is used for providing telephone service (and other digital data communicationss) in communication system 100.In addition, CCU102 is all the CAU control cable frequency spectrums in the service area, infrastructure resources and service, and manage a plurality of service areas.CAU134 provides phone and TV service at user side.A typical CAU is installed in the other or place of safety in user house, as basement or loft.The CAU management is up, the downlink communication path, and to user's television set transmission cable TV channel.For example, " old disc type phone " (POTS) can insert CAU in the user family.CAU will reach cable system from the telephone signal of POTS.In addition, CAU receives the call on the cable system, sends POTS to, receives the common cable TV signal from cable simultaneously, sends user's TV to.

II.CCU, the general introduction of CAU electrical property

Referring to Fig. 2 A, according to the block diagram that the invention describes assembly in the CCU control unit.In CCU200, upstream bursts (burst) receiver 202 receives a DMA pulse train from a CAU, and converts pulse train to base band quadrature I and Q signal downwards.A constant transmissions on the bit that " pulse train " is beared information.Pulse train is modulated with PI/4-DQPSK.Baseband I, Q signal converts a digital signal to by modulus (A/D) transducer 204 and 206, and is handled by digital uplink signal processor (DSP) 208.In described example, A/ D converter 204 and 206 is 8 bit A/D transducers.The information that up DSP208 will handle sends microprocessor 210 to.

Microprocessor 210 is returned to CAU with information by descending DSP212 and descending TDM reflector 214, and reflector is to be connected on the communication network at CAU place.

Upstream bursts receiver 202, A/ D converter 204 and 206, up DSP28, microprocessor 210, descending DSP212, downlink device 214 are the assemblies of CPX112 among Fig. 1.The descending assembly of describing among Fig. 2 A can be in identical transceiver, can be in a transceiver (CPX) different with the diagram upstream components.Up DSP208, a processing unit among microprocessor 210 and the descending DSP212 composition diagram 2A.Microprocessor 210 is in the controller 114 of Fig. 1.DSP among this microprocessor and the CPX112 constitutes the processing unit among the CCU102.

With reference to Fig. 2 B, according to the block diagram that the invention describes assembly in the cable access units (CAU).CAU250 is connected on the hybrid coaxial cable of distribution network 106 among Fig. 1 by RF interface and control 252.This interface and control unit provide a 75ohm interface that leads to hybrid coaxial cable.The RF interface also provides being connected of a cable TV equipment that leads to user side with control 252.In addition, RF interface and control 252 comprise a control switch, switch on and off the signal of cable television system at user side.The data from CCU in RF interface and control 252 receptions send digit receiver (demodulator) 254 to.The signal frequency that receives from CCU is transformed into a low intermediate frequency (IF) by digit receiver 254 from 50MHz to 750MHz.From this form, digit receiver 254 converts low frequency IF to a base band π/4 DPQSK modulation signals.This signal of following demodulation therefrom obtains the bit stream of this signal.Afterwards, data/timer recovery 256 receives bit streams from digit receiver 254 bit stream is delivered to processing unit 258 or pulse-code modulation (PCM) coder/decoder (codec) 260 respectively.Control information sends to processing unit 258, and user data sends to PCM codec 260 simultaneously, and the latter converts user data to analog form, and sends subscriber phone to.

The processing unit of being described in the example 258 comprises one or more microprocessors or digital signal processor (DSP), and random memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM).RAM and ROM comprise data and instruction, are used for the processing that processing unit 258 microprocessors and DSP carry out.User profile is converted to an analog form by PCM codec 260, and sends local loop interface (SLIC) 262 to.SLIC262 provides the basic telephone function, whether for example shows phone ringing or off-hook, or the loop closure does not take place, and in addition, SLIC262 is divided into one with multiplexed signals and sends signal and a received signal.SLIC262 and function thereof are to know to those skilled in the art.In fact ring generator 264 provides the voltage that makes phone ringing.

Be returned to PCM codec 260 from the user data (for example from the output of a phone or the output of a standard computer modulator-demodulator) of user side output by SLIC262, data are converted to a digital form from analog form, are used to transmit the processing of data framing part 266.Transmission data framing part 266 receives primary voice data, these data is weaved into the frame that is transferred to CCU.For example, transmission data framing part 266 comprises essential synchronizing information, and the calculating cyclic redundancy sign indicating number is used for error detection, and the latter puts into the slow channel (as detailed below) of this frame.Transmission data framing part 266 is sent signal uplink by processing unit 258 controls; Simultaneously synchronous with downstream signal.Controlling by data/timer recovery 256 synchronously in this transferring data frames part 266.Just, from up link that mails to CAU250 and downlink transmission be synchronous.At last, data are sent to RF interface and control 252 by digit emitter (modulator) 268, and are recycled to CCU as a pulse train.

The III.RF carrier wave is separated, the bit architecture on the carrier wave on time slot and each time slot

Among Fig. 1 on the distribution network 106 data carried by data can comprise voice and non-speech data, for example ISDN digital video, phone data, interactive video or interactive multimedia service.In the present invention, the transmission technology of wire cable telephone exchange service is a relaying, that is to say that a cable telephony traffic channel is not to be exclusively used in a specific user, and is based on service request, is applicable to all users.A kind of like this arrangement is called the multiple access access or local loop is concentrated.

Typically, when a particular channel was distributed to a user, it continued the time of a calling.After calling out termination, be retracted for this user's interim distribution, channel is used for next service request.Correspondingly, a CCU just can serve the more user of channel region in the service area.In addition, in each had the service area that the cable of physical separation is laid separately, entire spectrum can be reused.

According to the present invention, the cable telephony communication system can be divided into radio frequency (RF) frequency spectrum that a plurality of users use, and every like this unique user does not have specific frequency range.

With reference to Fig. 3, according to the spectrum allocation may that the invention describes communication system 100.As mentioned above, in each service area of distribution network 106, distribute to the frequency spectrum of an independent service area and can be reused by another group user.In described example, RF spectrum 300 comprises uplink spectrum 302 and downlink spectrum 304.In described example, uplink spectrum 302 covers 5MHz to 42MHz, and downlink spectrum 306 covers 50MHz to 750MHz simultaneously.Frequency spectrum further is divided into the channel of each wide 6MHz.In described example, downlink spectrum 306 comprises 120 channels, the wide 6MHz of every channel.Although in the downlink spectrum 306 of the uplink spectrum of demonstration 5 to 42MHz and 50MHz to 750MHz, each channel width is 6MHz, can other frequency spectrum used according to the invention and channel width in the described example.

Communication system 100 can be divided into some zones according to independent signal path, wherein can be in distribution network 106 reuses among the different user group of each individual region for the RF spectrum of cable telephony service assignment.In downlink transmission, a large number of existing-quality television channel (as 80 channels, each wide 6MHz) is typically sent to the cable TV user.Uplink spectrum (5-42MHz) can be used for any communication of user's loopback.Part downlink spectrum, 6MHz part particularly shown in Figure 3, and identical or major part on the uplink spectrum are used for a plurality of relaying industry channels, and these channel services are in the user of a greater number, and these users have phone or other bi-directional service.In these specific frequency spectrum are distributed, adopt some RF carrier waves (by 303 part illustrations).These RF carrier waves are separated into the part of 600MHz respectively.Effectively carrier wave all is paired running, has one in the uplink segments of distributing, and corresponding just have one in down link.This contact provides frequency division multiplexing (FDD) operation.Yet system is again flexibly, and any up channel all can mate with any down channel.

Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, a 6MHz part (being positioned at the somewhere of 50～750MHz) comprises ten 600KHz RF carrier waves 303, is used for downlink communication.Similarly, a 6MHz part (being positioned at the somewhere of 5～42MHz) comprises ten 600kHz RF carrier waves 303, is used for uplink communication.

According to described scheme, each RF carrier wave is 8 continuous " frames " by time division multiplexing.Each frame is divided into 8 continuous " time slots " again.Each such time slot is a time division multiplexing " channel ", can be used as required by a user.

Fig. 4 A illustrates such scheme.The figure shows a RF carrier wave, this carrier wave is divided into 8 frames 399.Each frame is divided into 8 time slots 401, and each all is a channel.Whole frame 400 shows that promptly 8 frames that comprise 8 time slots are called as a superframe sometimes.

Fig. 4 B represents this scheme by different way.Fig. 4 B shows descending carrier frequency 402 and uplink carrier frequencies 406.Especially, with reference to carrier wave 402, be shown in two consecutive frames 404 and 405.This is in 8 frames 399 of Fig. 4 A two.Each frame comprises 8 continuous time slot 407.Each time slot can be used as a communication channel in the cable telephone system.Shown in Fig. 4 B, up-link carrier 406 is provided with in the mode identical with descending carrier 402.

Each time slot is divided into dissimilar according to the signaling of CCU or CAU again.For example, as shown in the figure, the time slot 1 in the frame 404 comprises 420 and error control channels of 418, one fast channels of 416, one slow channels of 414, one control channels of a synchronizing channel (SYC) (CL) (SC) (FC) (EC) 422.Synchronizing channel 414 is synchronizing channels that are used for frame synchronization.CC416 user shows wrongly written character, signaling and power control.SC418 is used for signaling, and FC420 is used for user data and signaling simultaneously.EC422 is used for error detection occurs.In up link and downlink bursts, SC418 comprises 26 bits, and FC420 comprises 160 bits, and EC422 comprises 20 bits.CC416 comprises 2 bits in uplink burst, and comprises 9 bits in downlink bursts.Use the special number information of these different time-gap parts to be described in further detail below.

According to the present invention, CCU channel 402 is downlink channel, transmits on the frequency band of 50MHz to 750MHz, and the CAU channel is that a uplink channel transmits on the frequency band of 5MHz to 42MHz.Transfer of data form with " pulse train " on these channels sends, and pulse train is the transfer of data of a regular length, for example one group of bit transmission.In described example, a pulse train is every time slot 224 bits in CAU channel 406, is every time slot 240 bits in CCU channel 402.

Each time slot all can be used as different types of channel on up link and down link, a system broadcast channel (SBC) for example, a system cut-in channel (SAC), or a traffic channel (TCH).Each this difference " channel " has difference in functionality.SBC and SAC can be used as system cut-in channel according to their function.SBC monitors the CAU broadcast system information of SBC to all on down link.A down link SBC carries the wide information of system, as alarm, is used for " paging " CAU and the system data library information that is used to control and manage CAU.A SBC can be divided into the logical message stream of two time division multiplexinges at SBC.Especially, a system information channel (SIC) and alarm channel (AC) time division multiplexing are on SBC.Behind the SBC of CAU location, listen to SIC about all continuously in the information of the equipment of a CAU.According to the present invention, SIC indicates the General System sign and the performance of system; The security information that is used for authentication and encryption; With the carrier frequency position, SBC and SAC etc.

On AC, message is used to show or the CAU of " paging " breath of taking a message, for example incoming call.These message comprise the alarm sign.Each CAU distributes an alarm sign also to monitor AC, with determine whether on the AC a message directs it.A plurality of SBC are used for providing redundant in communication system.

A CAU obtains a TCH with a SAU and distributes, and CAU just can lay call like this, or sends other numerical data.In addition, CAU monitors the AC of SBC with the notice incoming call.

SAC is a physical channel that transmits three logic channels, and a time is arranged channel (TAC), asks an access channel (RAC) and a system request channel (SRC) for one.The TAC carrier wave shortens the uplink burst (SUB) of up link, arrange to be used for the time, and RAC inserts request in the up link carrying.The SRC carrying is from the response of the uplink message of CAU.Adopt SAC to arrange with the realization time, and requirement and/or distribution T CH.The result is that CAU is that one of following target is used a SAC: the time arranges, and to the initial request of a traffic channel, or reconnects to a traffic channel.Competition between a plurality of CAU that a plurality of SAC (being a plurality of time slots on the identical or different carrier wave) are used to provide redundancy or minimizing to require access communication system.TCH provides the user on the communication system service, and can be with different rates request and distribution.A TCH is divided into two subchannels: a user profile channel (UIC) and a message channel (MC).UIC carries user profile, as speech data or analog-modulated demodulating data.MC carries the signaling information between CCU and the CAU.TCH can be busy (in the use) or not busy (not using).According to the present invention, according to the carrier transmission quality, access channel (SBC and SAC) and data channel (TCH) can be transferred on the different frequency.The frequency that changes SAC causes new frequency to be broadcasted on SBC.The change of a TCH frequency can utilize a replacement link conversion (ALT) to realize making a CAU to keep a connection, and is not subjected to channel to change influence frequently.ALT uses always in radio communication, is to be used for a cellular system as user during in moving between cells always, keeps a calling.

V. the format and content of particular message

With reference to Fig. 5 A-5K, according to the present invention, illustrate the pulse train of some requests and response forms, they are used to provide CAU to insert a communication system.Message between the communication unit, for example CCU and CAU comprise and insert request number (ARN), identify which CAU is a particular message pointed to.In a coverage, to each CAU, ARN is unique.ARN is used to identification message uniquely, as request and response.All pulse train or requests from a CAU all comprise an ARN, the source of marker pulses string.Similarly, when response sent back to a CAU, based on being included in from the ARN in the CCU response, CAU can mark and hold your noise should be to point to this CAU.

According to the present invention, adopt an ARN, the ARN500 shown in Fig. 5 A.ARN500 is one 24 bit A RN, comprises a warning value, an alarm phase and a random weight.The alarm phase shows, the cycle of time i.e. the time that CAU monitors SBC, uses the alarm phase to allow a CAU to be in and monitors or resting state in superframe, only activates its receiver in a short time.CAU remains on resting state in most times of a superframe, only activate its receiver in its alarm phase.So just reduced power consumption.Warning value is to distribute to unique sign of a CAU, also is unique in the phase a specific warnings.Alarm phase and warning value form an alarm identifier, are unique in a service area.A random number is included among the ARN500, to guarantee that a CAU in the service area can the identical ARN of twice generation.

In some instances, adopt the ARN of one 3 bit to identify message between a CAU and the CCU.Especially, when a CAU has taken a TCH, and on SC, send and when receiving message, use one 3 bit A RN.In described example, why can adopt one 3 bit A RN, be because a connection between CCU and the CAU when setting up, means that the CAU that does not have other uses this channel.The result is that CCU only needs to distinguish the difference request that CAU produces.3 bit values allow a CAU to use 8 ARN, can support a plurality of circuits or TCH.

When inserting a communication system, SAC message is included in the individual pulse string, allows each SAC frame all to be inserted by any CAU with being equal to.Typically, the message on SAC is used whole time slot.Therefore, the erroneous arrangement of uplink burst will cause and the conflicting of other ul transmissions.Like this, a junior one short uplink burst (SUB) is used to detect the arrangement of whether asking to change from the uplink burst of CAU.In Fig. 5 B, according to the present invention, SUB502 length is less than half time slot, to avoid the interference with adjacent time-slots.The position of SUB502 in time slot is used for which type of determines to make by CCU and changes, and arranges the pulse train that CAU sends in the time slot.In described example, SUB502 comprises three kinds of synchronous modes, and as synchronous mode 504 (shown in Fig. 5 C), a differential encoder (DE) and an ARN are as the ARN500 among Fig. 5 A.In Fig. 5 B, identical synchronous mode triplicate in SUB is to increase the probability that CCU correctly receives the decode synchronous mode.DE is a two bit value, is used for showing that a pulse train arrives CCU and begins decoding.

Below, it is the response that a CCU sends to a CAU that a time is arranged response, the reception of a SUB of its response, and whether show needs to change uplink burst regularly.With reference to Fig. 5 D, the time arranges response 506 and comprises a time arrangement value, and what kind of demonstration need be carried out and change in the uplink burst transmit timing, arrange the uplink burst in the time slot.Especially, this value is to receive a downlink bursts and to transmit that temporal skew shows this change between the uplink burst.This response also comprises power control indication (PCI) and a power adjustment, and CAU is when transmission burst for notice, uses what kind of transmission power level.Whether PCI notice CAU increases or reduces transmission power value, and power adjustment shows the amplitude that power level is adjusted simultaneously.

An initial access is asked, and as the initial access request 508 among Fig. 5 E, is sent to CCU on RAC by CAU, and a system on the beginning CC inserts request.Initial request 508 sign maximum bandwidth rate and the minimum bandwidth rates that insert, this is that a TCH who distributes to CAU goes up required and/or acceptable value.According to the present invention, these percentage bandwidths in communication system 100 can be 8kbps, 16kbps, 32kbps or 64kbps.The initial access asks also to comprise the bit (not shown) that shows Request Priority and time delay value.Request Priority is used to provide the service of different stage, as voice, and digital video or ISDN.Time delay value shows that CAU will wait for the time of a channel allocation, and it can take other action afterwards, as sends another initial access request.

In addition, used initial access request 508 to distribute the CAU of a TCH can send one for one and initially please go into request, as the initial access request 510 among Fig. 5 F.This request sends to CCU on slow channel.Initial access request on this slow channel generally is such request, is taken place by a CAU that can handle multiple connection, when CAU has had a connection in the work, asks another TCH to do a new connection.The initial access request rate that inserts in the request 508 is the required bandwidth of new TCH.

With reference to Fig. 5 G, described according to a connection access request more of the present invention.Connecting the request of access 512 again is requests of being sent to CCU by CAU, because ask another TCH with losing synchronously of a TCH, it is sent to CCU on RAC, attempt more to connect a calling.When TCH distributes and CAU does not receive the sign of new carrier wave, or physical connection can take place one and lose synchronously when being cut off.Connect the request of access 512 again and comprise a uplink carrier ID and a downlink carrier ID, to indicate the original TCH that CAU uses.Flag bit shows that whether time slot and bandwidth field and an effective TCH are got in touch.A plurality of time slots are used for being connected the request of access 512 with the bandwidth field again, allow a CAU that can handle a plurality of TCH to ask once connecting again all TCH simultaneously.

Response is from the request of CAU, and CCU sends some responses, and response comprises an admission confirm response, sends it with the system access request of response from a CAU.Fig. 5 H has shown an admission confirm response 514, issues CAU from CCU at SRC, distributes a TCH to CAU.Admission confirm response 514 comprises channel allocation information, for example time slot and the bandwidth that is associated with the TCH that distributes.Which time slot time slot field notice CAU uses, and bandwidth field notice CAU uses which frame in the superframe to come transmission burst, as the superframe among Fig. 4 A 400.For example, the bandwidth of a time slot 2 and 64kbp3 notice CAU uses time slot 2 transmission of each frame in the superframe 400, and the time slot 2 every a frame transmits in the CAU use superframe 400 and the bandwidth of a time slot 2 and a 32kbp3 may be notified.Flag bit shows whether find useful information at related time-slot and bandwidth field.An initial access is asked, have only a time slot and bandwidth field can comprise CAU information, only distribute a TCH because respond an initial access request.When a request is again connection request, and the CAU request that can handle a plurality of TCH is then used other time slot and bandwidth field when surpassing the connection again of a TCH.

The initial access that response CAU sends on slow channel is asked, and an admission confirm response is also sent to CAU on slow channel by CCU, shown in admission confirm response 516 among Fig. 5 I.Send this admission confirm response and be used in new another traffic channel that connects to divide to CAU.Admission confirm response 516 comprises distributes to the new TCH time slot of CAU and the sign of bandwidth.

With reference to Fig. 5 J, an admission reject response 518 is that CCU sends to CAU on SRC, and the system of a CAU of refusal inserts the message of request.Sending this response notice CAU will not distribute a TCH to CAU.On slow channel, CAU of admission reject response 520 refusals applies for another TCH for once new connection among Fig. 5 k.This admission reject response comprises a cause value, shows the reason that refusal inserts.The reason that refusal inserts can comprise that for example, available cable resource is not enough, and available network resource is not enough, can not connect the denial of service of other reason etc. again.

VI.CAU and CCU distribute the state diagram of a channel to a CAU

Get back to Fig. 6, when inserting processing according to the system that the invention describes, the state diagram of a CAU.The different conditions that CAU occurred in when access communication system 100 had been described in state diagram 600.CAU is initially located in nought state A0.At this state, go up the SAC number of broadcasting based on SIC and select a SAC at random.CAU is positioned a selected SAC for suitable downlink carrier, and enters synchronous regime A1, i.e. the SAC synchronous regime of CAU.Any admission confirm or admission reject response of receiving at nought state A0 all is left in the basket, because this moment, CAU did not monitor SAC.If user's on-hook before system sends an admission confirm or admission reject response, one of them response is received by a CAU.When CAU detected the loop closure, CAU went back to monitor SBC, this means that CAU will can not receive the SAC response from CCU.The result is, a CCU must be able to detect an idle link, and promptly on the traffic channel of a distribution, CAU does not transmit thereon.At other all states, if CAU detects a loop closure at the user side telephone plant, CAU will get back to state A0, and continue to monitor SBC.

At synchronous regime A1, CAU continues to attempt in a cycle in period synchronous with SAC.If CAU has exceeded after the trial of selected number, CAU is turned back to nought state A0, and at this moment CAU tries to select another SAC to insert or reports an access failure to a higher layer protocol entities.CAU and SAC synchronously after, CAU waits for that time arrangement channel (TAC) up link shows that after detecting a TAC, CAU sends one and shortens uplink burst (SUB) on TAC, start a time arrangement response timer, and be transformed into ordered state A2.Time arranges the response timer and is provided with one section finite time, to send in repeating transmission before the SUB, receives a time arrange messages from CCU.

At ordered state A2, CAU waits for a time arrange messages from CCU.If detect once conflict, or before a time arrange messages that receives from CCU, the time is arranged the response timer then, and CAU then adjusts its transmitting power, and sends SUB to selected number of times on SAC.Power adjustment is to be used to adjust the CAU transmitting power to arrive such level, to realize a value with respect to the optimum decay of power level.More details about the method for power level control can obtain in following common pending application application, this article is civilian therewith relevant, be people's such as TimothyM.Burke Method and Apparatns for Adaptive RF Power Controlof Cable Access Units, apply for October 27 nineteen ninety-five.If SUB number of retry exceeds, CAU then selects another SAC to insert, or to a higher layer protocol entities report access failure.When CAU receives a time during arrange messages from CCU, CAU adjusts its emission skew, and waits for a RAC up link indication.After detecting RAC, CAU sends initial an access and asks on RAC, starts one and inserts the response timer, and enter access state A3.Insert the response timer and be and be used for limiting that CAU waits for from time of the initial response that inserts request of CCU response.

With reference to access state A3, CAU waits for from the admission confirm of CCU or admission reject request.If insert the response timer then, perhaps CAU receives an admission reject request, and CAU will retransmit and insert request message, up to surpassing the retry number.If surpass the retry of some, CAU sends the message of an explanation access failure reason and goes back to nought state A0.In addition, if CAU receives an admission confirm request, the traffic channel that CAU enters distribution comes the execution monitoring signaling, and enters traffic channel (TCH) distribution state A4.

At TCH distribution state A4, CAU waits for the normal release of a channel or an idle link indication.If receive normal a release, CAU gets back to nought state A0.In addition, if because the alternate link of once failing or once failing is changed (ALT) and detected an idle link indication, CAU will carry out once linker again.Especially, CAU selects a SAC and selected SAC is positioned on the suitable downlink carrier, and goes to synchronous regime A1.

With reference to Fig. 7, according to the invention describes state diagram that CCU is used in system's joining procedure.State diagram 700 has been described CCU and has been handled the different conditions that a CAU inserts the request appearance.CCU is initially located in nought state B0, and at this moment CCU can receive that one initial is inserted request, a SUB, or one connect and insert message.CCU receive one initial insert request after, with request queue, and change solicited status B1 over to according to normal priority.When receiving one when connect inserting request again, CCU should ask arrangement according to a high priority, and entered connection status B2 again.After receiving SUB, CCU arranges and the power adjustment information computing time, constitutes one and responds and change over to dispatch state B3.

Get back to solicited status B1, can CCU determine realize this access request.Not all right then CCU produces an admission reject response, and enters dispatch state B2.If CCU can realize request, it waits for an available TCH.When a TCH can divide timing, CCU checks the time of this request.If greater than a selected time, then this TCH distributes to another request, and request at this moment is moved out of formation, and CCU enters nought state B0.If in the initial seclected time of inserting a time delay value of conduct that shows in the request, CCU then produces an admission confirm response, and enters dispatch state B3 less than CAU.

At connection status B2 again, can CCU confirm connect this calling again.If this calling can not be connected again again, CCU produces a refusal response, and enters dispatch state B3.If CCU can connect this calling again, CCU then waits for an available traffic channel.When a TCH can divide timing, CCU checks the time of request.If greater than the time that CAU shows as time delay value, then be somebody's turn to do request " expired " in initial access request, CCU distributes this traffic channel to ask to another, and formation is shifted out in expired request, rotates back into nought state B0.If it is expired that this request does not have, promptly be not more than seclected time, CCU produces an admission confirm response, and enters dispatch state B3.At dispatch state B3, send a secondary response to CAU from CCU.After sending a time arrangement or admission reject response, CCU gets back to nought state B0.After sending an admission confirm response, CCU begins a checking timer, enters proofing state B4.The checking timer shows that CCU will wait for from first pulse train of CAU on the time slot of distributing to CAU and a period of time of admission confirm response.

At proofing state B4, the checking timer activates, and CAU to be verified such as CCU sends effective uplink burst on the TCH that distributes.If this distribution is proved, CCU changes nought state B0 over to.If the checking timer then, the TCH that the CCU start program leaves unused and distributes sends an alarm demonstration and changes over to and abandons state B5.At the CCU that abandons state B5 is an idle TCH who distributes.Any uplink burst that receives at the state B5 of abandoning all is left in the basket.After TCH was left unused, CCU changed nought state B0 over to.

Normal for confirming to use the communication system operation of TDMA, the burst transmission of coming from each CAU is arranged in the predetermined window, is also referred to as one " time slot ", can not overlap adjacent time-slots, and perhaps the pulse train conflict will cause the transmission error.With reference to figure 8 as seen, the pulse train 800 of TDMA up link is arranged in the time slot 802 of TDM down link.The time arrangement is finished by CAU, and promptly the TDMA down link signal that arrives with respect to correlation reception in time carries out burst transmission.CAU does not know the propagation delay on the network.Each CAU is because its physical location on distribution network has a unique time delay.Must adjust arrangement of time as the change of temperature according to the feature and the environmental condition of distribution network.

VII. show flow chart with channel allocation to a CAU and relevant treatment

Can adopt CCU to be used for its processing window,, determine the propagation delay that changes by measuring reception from the burst of CAU.After this time delay is digitlization, on downlink time slots, send CAU to.Employing is from the burst of CAU to CCU, and the propagation delay of any like this unknown can not cause the conflict between the pulse train.Behind the delay compensation number that receives from CCU, CAU adjusts its burst transmission time during calling out.

With reference to Fig. 9, when the invention describes a CAU and attempt to insert a communication system, a flow chart of the processing that CCU adopts.When handling beginning, on down link, show a TAC (step 900).Afterwards, determine whether to be received (step 902) from the CAUSUB of a CAU.If a CAUSUB is received, then determine a time arrangement value and a power adjustment (step 904).

Especially, relative time is poor between the beginning of CCU measurement reception sample window and the burst position.This time is represented with the bit number of times, represents the far-end propagation delay.This value is taken as time arrangement value.To the same number of frames number, time slot and from the superframe of CAU, measure from TAC be sent to CCU the downlink bursts transmission begin receive time difference of time started arrangement value to uplink burst.More can in following common pending application, find: Method and Apparatus for Synchronizing timing of Components of aTelecommwnication System with the information that the relevant herein time arranges, Timothy M.Burke etc., application on November 29 nineteen ninety-five.Time arrangement value mails to CAU (step 906).Afterwards, RAC sends (step 908) on down link.With reference to step 902, if a CAUSUB does not receive that step 908 is directly arrived in processing.

Then determine whether to receive a CAU request (step 910).If a CAU request is not received, handle and get back to step 900.Otherwise, determine to obtain TCH resource (step 912).If the resource of obtaining then is treated to CAU and sets up a TCH (step 914).Afterwards, send an admission confirm response (step 916), handle simultaneously and get back to step 900 to CAU.Refer again to step 912,, handle simultaneously and get back to step 900 if the resource of can not get sends an access-reject message (step 918) to CAU.

Get back to Figure 10, according to a flow chart that the invention describes the processing that a CAU adopts when inserting a communication system.The system that preserves SBC inserts available SAC table.This table is broadcasting continuously on SIC.CAU selects a SAC with this table, the request access communication system.When handling beginning, CAU monitors that SBC is to obtain a SAC table (step 1000).In step 1002, TCH of a CAU incident initiation request (as, user's off-hook).A retryCounter is made as zero (step 1004).From the SAC table, select a SAC (step 1006).CAU retuning and selected SAC be (step 1008) synchronously.Determine whether that selected relatively SA reaches (step 1010) synchronously.If asynchronous, handle determining whether to surpass retry number (step 1012).If do not surpass, processing adds 1 (step 1014) with retryCounter, and gets back to step 1006.Otherwise, handle a high-rise SAC failure (step 1016) of notifying communication system, handle stopping afterwards.Communication system is similar to open system interconnection model, comprises one group of service that distributes by layer.

If reach synchronously, retryCounter is by zero setting (step 1018).Afterwards, SUB is sent to CCU on TAC, starts an overtime timer (timer) (step 1020).Afterwards, by checking in the wrongly written character indication (WEI) wrongly written character whether occurs, determine whether to clash (step 1022).According to the present invention, the WEI of down link SAC is used to detect two or more conflicts between the CAU that identical time slot sends.For example, when a CAU has sent a pulse train at time slot 3, the 5 frames, the WEI on the 5th frame slot 3 of next superframe will show whether code character is successfully received by CCU.If a conflict then is defined as the selected retry number of CAU and whether exceeds (step 1024).If do not exceed, retryCounter adds 1 (step 1026).

Afterwards, produce a time delay (step 1028).The time Yanzhong (step 1028), a random time is added to the time delay timer.The timer time delay is pressed following setting:

Time delay=(random number MOD (2 ^N-1)) equally in step 1028, start the time delay timer, timer then after, handle and enter step 1020, send another SUB.Afterwards, step 1022 is got back in processing as mentioned above.With reference to step 1024, if exceed the retry number, handle and then notify a high-rise SAC failure (step 1016), handle stopping afterwards.With reference to step 1022, if produce conflict, handle then and wait for, determine whether overtime or receive one to respond (step 1030), if overtime, handle entering step 1024 as previously mentioned.Otherwise, show that according to receiving response the adjustment time arranges and transmitting power (step 1032).

A retryCounter zero setting (step 1034).Afterwards, on RAC, send a TCH request, start an overtime timer (step 1036), and whether show conflict (step 1038) among definite WEI to CCU.If show a conflict, then determine whether to be exceeded (step 1040) for the retry number that CAU sets.If do not surpass, retryCounter adds 1 (step 1042) and handles that as above step 1028 is described, finishes a time-delay in step 1036 before the re-send request may.

Refer again to step 1040,, then handle as previously mentioned and enter step 1016 if surpass the retry number.If no conflict occurred, then determine whether overtime or receive one to respond (step 1044).If overtime, handle as mentioned above and enter step 1040.If receive a response, handle then determining whether to distribute a TCH (step 1046).If do not distribute a TCH, handle entering step 1040.Otherwise, handles retuning, is synchronized to TCH (step 1048), and the high level of notifying communication system has distributed TCH (step 1050), processing termination afterwards.

A WEI is used for detecting the decline of transmission quality between the communication unit, between the last CCU of TCH and CAU.By the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of a failure, CCU is provided with the WEI bit and shows and detect a mistake in the previous pulse train.In described example, WEI is arranged on the same number of frames and time slot of next superframe.When whether detecting correct received pulse string, can CCU determine detect a synchronous mode in the pulse train.If CAU or CCU can not detect a synchronous mode in the numeral group, then produce step-out one time, WEI will show that mistake produces.

According to the present invention, WEI also is used to detect the access channel as SAC, attempts the conflict between a plurality of CAU of access communication system.A plurality of CAU attempt to send pulse train on the identical time slot of a SAC and frame, will cause CCU can not detect synchronous mode from the pulse train that CAU receives.Damage or the decline of the transmission quality that external noise source causes with respect to cable media, two or more CAU attempt to send at the identical time slot of a SAC and frame that pulse train is easier to cause not detect synchronous mode.In addition, during a CRC failure, also can produce a conflict.

With reference to Figure 11, according to the legend that the invention describes a pulse train from downlink control channel of CCU to CAU.Pulse train 1100 comprises a frame number at bit 1 to 3, and 8 successive frames constitute a superframe in this special case.Frame is labeled as from 0 (" 000 ") to 7 (" 111 ") at bit 1 to 3 continuously.This value shows the position of frame in superframe, and is called frame number, can see that least important frame bit sends at first.The bit 4 to 6 of control channel is in the given superframe acceptance of the bid crack of clocking.Time-slot sequence is labeled as 0 (" 000 ") to 7 (" 111 ").Least important bit sends at first.According to the present invention, bit number 7 uses reservation after being.Bit number 8 is wrongly written character promptings, and mistake takes place during for " 1 ", is free from mistakes during for " 0 ".Bit number 9 in the pulse train 1100 is the indications of express letter road, indicates whether that fast channel comprises signaling information or user profile.

Get back to Figure 12, handle the more detailed flow chart that conflicts between CAU according to the invention describes.Handle beginning and on selected time slot and frame number, send a pulse train (step 1200) in up link.Afterwards, on the identical time slot of next superframe and frame number, detect a downlink bursts (step 1202) from CCU.Check whether the WEI bit acknowledgement conflict takes place or deny the correct received pulse string of CCU (step 1204).Because the delay of a superframe, according to the present invention, behind 20 milliseconds of transmission pulse trains, CAU receives a bad pulse train notice greatly.If produce conflict, handle determining whether to surpass retry number (step 1206).If do not surpass, handle with computer a period of time, to add to a time delay timer (step 1208).The timer time delay is pressed following calculating:

Time delay=(random number MOD (2 ^N-1) time delay of) calculating adds on the existing time delay of timer timer (step 1210).Start time delay timer (step 1212) and handle and get back to step 1200, the time delay timer then after, send another pulse train to CCU (step 1213).With reference to step 1206, if surpass retry number, then termination.In addition, in step 1204, when not clashing, handle also stopping.

With reference to Figure 13, according to a processing that the invention describes a CCU, promptly respond the once conflict between the CAU pulse train that mails to CCU, a WEI bit is set.When handling beginning, on the given uplink time slot of the CPX of CCU and frame, receive a pulse train (step 1300).Afterwards, determine whether correct received pulse string (step 1302).In determining whether correct received pulse string, CCU determine to detect one in the pulse train synchronous mode or a failure CRC does not appear.If correct received pulse string handles that the WEI bit being set, show that no conflict occurred (step 1304).Otherwise, handle that this bit being set, show a conflict (step 1306) takes place.In every kind of situation, the value of WEI bit is all sent in the pulse train of next superframe, and identical time slot and the frame number (step 1308) of corresponding receiving uplink pulse train, handles stopping afterwards.

VIII. be used to provide channel to insert and solve the burst of channel contention

Figure 14 illustrates on the SAC and TCH channel that confirms to insert, the signaling between CCU and the CAU.

A SUB mails to CCU from CAU on SAC, CCU beams back a time and arranges signal to CAU simultaneously.Afterwards, CAU goes up the initial access request that sends to RAC.

The access request that each CCU receives is all ranked.The CCU storage is from the information in the CAU ul transmissions, and the channel address (carrier wave and time slot) of receiving system access.Afterwards, CCU receives at it and sends a success response or a unsuccessful response on the SAC down link of asking.

Figure 15 shows when access is rejected, the signaling between CCU on the SAC and CAU.CAU sends a short uplink burst to CCU, and CCU arranges the response response with a time.Afterwards, as Figure 14, CAU sends initial an access to CCU and asks, and in this case, CCU but answers an admission reject response.Behind admission reject, CAU can retransmit initial access request or report has surpassed the determined maximum number of retries order.

In an access confirmation message, a channel refers to distribute to carrier wave and the time slot of a CAU.Channel is specified by following standard or is distributed:

1. time slot on the same carrier wave such as SBC and SAC at first distribute.CCU always attempts carrier wave that these channels are positioned.In addition, system draws the problem of SBC and SAC based on the ACT request of other channel on the same carrier wave.

2. the available time slot on carrier wave will be distributed before moving into other carrier wave.CCU is with validity and the possibility of combined carriers with the transmission of raising carrier link.

3. when a CCU begins to distribute time slot on a new carrier wave, it will select the carrier wave of best quality.

In case a channel is assigned with, CAU will get back to the carrier wave of distribution, and CAU utilizes distributed time slot to carry out Call Supervision Message and transmits to set up a calling or to connect.Channel will be distributed to the highest in the priority formation.

Each coverage will be inserted a single priority formation of asking with system and be associated.When CAU attempts to reconnect transfer of data when receiving a new carrier wave from effective carrier wave, often produce mistake.When a downlink carrier step-out appears in a CAU, this carrier wave can take place shift.This step-out is generally mailing on the uplink carrier of CCU, is reported as a wrongly written character and shows.After receiving the wrongly written character demonstration, CCU carries out a down link and shifts, and transfers to a new carrier wave from affected carrier wave.Figure 16 causes a success to connect the diagram of the signal of the request of access again between a CAU and a CCU.When sending an order of carrying out alternate link conversion (ALT), during ALT-EXEC, CCU will end data link and encryption (if activation), and no matter whether CAU sees ALT-EXEC.An ALT is such process, is used to keep a connection between the communication unit, and callings simultaneously is underway, and regardless of a channel-changing frequency.When receiving connection request RECON-ACCESS, CCU will effectively distribute CAU to give identical CPX again, and it will send new downlink carrier.After distributing new channel, CCU will send a busy pattern on the slow channel of new link, and send an admission confirm and respond to CAU, identifying new channel, and the CAU new traffic channel that will retune, restore data link.Identical initial access protocol timer with will apply to be connected again access procedure at number.

With reference to Figure 17, the signal between CAU that illustrating causes once failing again connects the request of access and the CCU.When this process occurs in CCU and can not connect CAU again.Therefore, when CAU receives admission reject response of its access of connection again request RECON ACCESS of response, that is, CAU will send an initial access and ask to obtain a newly assigned TCH.If this connects the request of access again and is used for multiple connection, then single initial access request will send for each connects.Influence to the client is the original call that possible interrupt them, on this situation, when a new connection is set up, for the client provides dialing tone.

In addition, in some instances, a CAU may use multi-thread access communication system.A multi-thread CAU can use the TCH of an effective call of its control, asks additional call to insert.There is not competition at the TCH that is requested the CAU use.The result is, do not have competition on the channel, also do not need SUB, because the deadline arranges.Therefore, initial an access is only arranged, admission confirm and access-reject message need transmit on the effective traffic channel, and they transmit at the slow channel strip of time slot.Figure 18 has described a process that is used for an additional call of request access on slow channel.With reference to Figure 18 as seen, joining procedure is initiated by CCU.If the CAU step-out that a plurality of effective traffic channels are arranged is then carried out signal linker again from all effective traffic channels on CAU.Traffic channel in the admission confirm response distributes will be corresponding one by one with the traffic channel that connects appointment in the request of access again.Be received if connect an admission reject response of the request of being connected into again in response to multiple traffic channel, CAU will send the initial separately request that inserts for each traffic channel.

The processing that Fig. 6-7 and Fig. 9-19 describes can at Fig. 1, be realized in 2 and 3 the hardware by those of ordinary skill in the art.Processing of the present invention can realize in a program storage device that also this equipment can be read by the processing in the above-mentioned hardware, and wherein the program storage device can be with the executable instruction coding of the present invention's processing.The program storage device can have multi-form, for example includes, but is not limited to a hard disk drive, a CD, and a ROM, an EPROM, or a RAM, these are well known to those skilled in the art.

It is static being stored in a processing in the program storage device, up to the program storage device that has as the processor of a microprocessor or a DSP it is activated.For example, be used to provide the processing of access communication system to be encoded into instruction, be stored on a hard disk or the CD.In CCU, hard disk drive or CD are linked to each other with processor, make the processor execution command, the control access communication system.In addition, being used for handling the processing of competing on identical time slot between CAU can realize at ROM, and when connecting ROM to CAU, this processing comes into force.

The invention provides an improved communication system, can provide the independent channel of a cover to be used for access communication system.SAC opens with the TCH branch that is used for user profile, for example a digital voice data.These SAC can depend on transmission quality and change frequency.SBC provides a SAC table and their position, is used for access communication system.When receiving a request to TCH on a SAC, CCU distributes a traffic channel to give request CAU according to available resources.This is distributed on the down link SAC and sends to CAU.In addition, the invention provides a kind of method, be used for CAU and detect and solve the conflict of attempting between a plurality of CAU that send pulse train on the identical time slot.The result is that method and apparatus of the present invention provides an improved system, is used to insert a communication system.

Although the present invention is shown especially with reference to a preferred embodiment and is described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that and can make different forms and the modification on the details here, and do not exceed the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. method that is used for access communication system, wherein communication unit is connected to each other by a cable distribution network, and this method comprises:

In cable distribution network, produce a plurality of channels, each is assigned to the part in the frequency spectrum in a plurality of channels, be divided into a plurality of time slots during this part of its intermediate frequency spectrum, wherein a plurality of channels, comprise that a cover inserts channel, be used for access communication system, a sets of data channel is used for transmitting data behind the access communication system on communication system;

Transmit access information on first channel in a plurality of channels, wherein access information comprises that this cover inserts a sign of channel;

Monitoring this cover inserts on the channel, from the request of communication unit request access communication system;

Response receives a request of requesting communication unit access communication system on an access channel, distributes a data channel in this sets of data channel; And

Transmission information on the access channel that distributes, this information wherein provide effective communication system to insert to the data channel that the requesting communication unit sign distributes.

2. the method for claim 1 further comprises a change of this part transmission quality that responds the frequency spectrum of distributing to such access channel, distributes a new portions of the spectrum to give at this and overlaps an access channel that inserts in channel.

3. the method for claim 2 further is included in first channel and uploads carry information, and this message identification is distributed to a new wireless frequency spectrum part of this access channel.

4. a communication system comprises:

A cable distribution network;

A basic communication unit that is connected on the cable distribution network;

A plurality of communication units that are connected on the cable distribution network;

A plurality of channels in the cable distribution network, each in a plurality of channels all is assigned with the part of a frequency spectrum, wherein is divided into a plurality of time slots during this partial frequency spectrum, wherein a plurality of channels comprise that a cover inserts channel, be used for an access communication system and a sets of data channel, be used to transmit data;

The basic communication unit, one first channel in this cover access channel of cable distribution network sends identification information, wherein identification information comprises a mark of access channel, be used for access communication system, the basic communication unit also responds an access request on this cover access channel, allocated channel in this sets of data channel; And

Each communication unit in a plurality of communication units is monitored the identification information on this first channel, and utilize this cover to insert the sign of channel, on the access channel of a sign of cable distribution network, carry out transfer of data to the basic communication unit, wherein the transfer of data between basic communication unit and each communication unit is by the unique identifier sign relevant with each communication unit.

5. equipment that is used for a cable telephony communication system comprises:

An interface, be used to be connected to a distribution network of cable communication system, this interface provides a connection, be used for the transmission that on distribution network, transmits and receive data, wherein transfer of data is in a plurality of channel, each channel is assigned with the part of a wireless frequency spectrum, wherein this part wireless frequency spectrum by the time be divided into a plurality of time slots;

A receiver that is connected to this interface, wherein receiver receives modulated data signal and converts modulated data signal to numerical data from interface;

One is connected to this interface reflector, and wherein reflector converts the digital data into modulated data signal, is used for transmitting on communication system;

A processing unit is connected to reflector and receiver;

A local loop interface is used to be connected to subscriber equipment; And

A pulse-code modulation coder/decoder unit, be connected to reflector, processing unit and local loop interface, the numerical data that wherein comprises user data is converted into an a kind of analog form that the user is used, and the analogue data from a user is converted to a kind of digital form

Wherein processing unit is monitored a system broadcast channel and is obtained a system cut-in channel table, and from this system cut-in channel table, select a system cut-in channel, the system cut-in channel that utilization is chosen, send the request of a traffic channel, wait for a response that distributes traffic channel, and receiving transmitting user data on the traffic channel that this response back is being distributed.

6. equipment that is used for a cable telephony communication system comprises:

An interface, a distribution network that is used for the stube cable telephonic communication system, this interface provides a connection, be used for the transmission that on distribution network, transmits and receive data, wherein transfer of data is in a plurality of channel, each channel is assigned with the part of a wireless frequency spectrum, wherein this part wireless frequency spectrum by the time be divided into a plurality of time slots; And

A processing unit, comprise first processing unit, be used to monitor a system broadcast channel, obtain a system cut-in channel table, second processing unit, be used for selecting a system cut-in channel from the system cut-in channel table, the 3rd processing unit, be used to utilize selected system cut-in channel, send a request of a traffic channel, the four-processor device is used to wait for a response that distributes traffic channel, with the 5th processing unit, be used on the traffic channel that distributes, transmitting user data transmission.

7. the equipment of claim 6, wherein processing unit comprises a microprocessor.

8. the equipment of claim 7, wherein processing unit further comprises a random access memory (RAM).

9. be used for a kind of a kind of equipment of cable communication system, comprise:

An interface, a distribution network that is used for the stube cable communication system, this interface provides a connection, be used for the transmission that on distribution network, transmits and receive data, wherein transfer of data is in a plurality of channel, each channel is assigned with the part of a wireless frequency spectrum, wherein this wireless frequency spectrum again by the time be divided into a plurality of time slots; And

A processing unit has a plurality of operator schemes, comprising:

One first operator scheme, wherein processing unit is monitored a system broadcast channel, obtains a system cut-in channel table;

One second operator scheme, wherein processing unit is selected a system cut-in channel from the system cut-in channel table,

One the 3rd operator scheme, wherein the selected system cut-in channel of processing unit utilization sends a request of a traffic channel on cable communication system;

One the 4th operator scheme, wherein a response of traffic channel to be allocated such as processing unit; And

One the 5th operator scheme, wherein processing unit sends user data transmission on the traffic channel that distributes.

10. a storage device can be read by a processor in the communication unit, and processor executable is encoded to insert a communication system, and this storage device comprises:

First command device is used to monitor a system broadcast channel, obtains a system cut-in channel table;

Second command device is used for selecting a system cut-in channel from the system cut-in channel table;

The 3rd command device is used to utilize selected system cut-in channel to send a request of a traffic channel;

The 4th command device such as is used at a response of traffic channel to be allocated; And

The five fingers make device, are used to respond the response that receives, and transmit user data transmission on the traffic channel that distributes, and wherein when storage device was connected to a processor, this command device was activated.

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