CN116959315A - A simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA evaluation medical teaching, and relates to the technical field of teaching aids; in order to solve the problem of poor teaching effect in spinal cord injury teaching; the teaching aid comprises a teaching aid body connected to the top end of a base through an angle adjusting assembly, wherein the teaching aid body is a human model and comprises a main trunk, a head fixedly connected to the top end of the main trunk, upper arms fixedly connected to two sides of the main trunk, two lower limbs fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main trunk and a hand fixedly connected to one end of the upper arm; the outer surface of the teaching aid body is provided with more than two induction nodes; the outer wall of the head part at the position of the mouth is fixedly connected with a broadcasting device. The invention can assist students to fully understand and memorize the ASIA rating scale for spinal cord injury, deepen the memory of the students, improve the course effect, and help the medical students to actually operate and check the body on the patients with the real spinal cord injury.

Description

A simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of teaching aids, and in particular to a simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching.

Background technique

Spinal cord injury is one of the common diseases in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine. Spinal cord injury can seriously damage the conduction of sensory and motor signals, as well as the conduction of autonomic nerves and urinary and fecal functions. Therefore, examination of the sensory and motor systems can determine the affected spinal cord. Segments. At present, the systematic and standardized assessment of the degree of spinal cord injury requires the use of the ASIA spinal cord injury scale, which mainly includes the interpretation of the sensory level and the motor level. Correct interpretation of the level and extent of injury is beneficial to guiding treatment, judging efficacy and grading impairment.

In the existing technology, when the theoretical and practical teaching of rehabilitation medicine and rehabilitation therapy for spinal cord injury is outdated, the teacher can only correct the students' techniques through naked eye observation, which makes the teaching experience poor and greatly reduces the teaching quality and Efficiency will also lead to the fact that in clinical practice examinations, due to the complexity and privacy of spinal cord injury examinations, it is difficult for each student to truly perform systematic and comprehensive practical operations and physical examinations on real patients. Based on this, we proposed a simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching that can help students fully understand and remember the spinal cord injury ASIA assessment scale.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching in order to solve the shortcomings existing in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching, including a teaching aid body connected to the top of the base through an angle adjustment component. The teaching aid body is a human body model. The teaching aid body consists of a main torso, a head fixedly connected to the top of the main torso, and a head fixed to the top of the main torso. It consists of upper arms connected to both sides of the main torso, two lower limbs fixedly connected to the bottom of the main torso, and a hand fixedly connected to one end of the upper arms;

The outer surface of the teaching aid body is provided with more than two sensing nodes;

A speaker is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the head located at the mouth.

Preferably: the induction node and the broadcaster are respectively connected to the control module through communication, and the control module is a computer or a mobile phone.

Preferably: the sensing node includes a sensing surface layer arranged on the outer surface of the teaching aid body, and a detection block fixedly connected to the corresponding side of the sensing surface layer and the teaching aid body;

The sensing surface layer includes acupuncture areas and light touch areas;

The detection block is a pressure sensor.

Preferably: the detection feedback of the detection block includes at least three stages of responses, the three stages of responses include no response 0 indicating loss of sensation or inability to distinguish between sharp and dull, weak response 1 indicating hypoesthesia, and response 2 indicating normal feeling;

The feeling level of the broadcaster includes three types: yes, weak and none. No response 0 corresponds to the feeling level no, weak response 1 corresponds to the feeling level weak, and response 2 corresponds to the feeling level yes.

Preferably, the distribution positions of the sensing nodes include C plane area, T plane area, L plane area and S plane area.

Preferably: the C plane region includes C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, and C8;

The T plane area includes T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, and T12;

The L plane area includes L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5;

The S plane area includes S1, S2, S3, and S4-5;

The sensing surface layer located at position S4-5 also includes a deep pressure zone.

Preferably: a shock-absorbing pad is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the base, and a lighting lamp is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the shock-absorbing pad.

Preferably: the angle adjustment assembly includes a moving wheel fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom bottom of the base, a motor fixedly connected to the inner wall of the base bottom, and a disc rotatably connected to the top outer wall of the shock absorbing pad;

The bottom end of the teaching aid body is fixedly connected to the top surface of the disk.

Preferably: a storage box is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the base, and a teaching stick is inserted into the inner wall of the storage box;

The teaching stick is provided with a round head on the circumferential outer wall near one end thereof. One end of the teaching stick is fixedly connected with a pointed head, and the pointed head is inserted into the circumferential inner wall of the round head.

Preferably: the teaching aid body is made of plastic, metal or wood.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention establishes a medical teaching aid corresponding to the ASIA rating scale by setting up a teaching aid body that is modeled after the human body structure. It has 28 sensing nodes, each sensing node corresponds to a spinal cord segment, and each sensing node is touched. node, the announcer emits an adapted tactile level response, which can help students fully understand and remember the ASIA spinal cord injury rating scale. It can deepen students' memory, improve the effectiveness of the course, and help medical students practice on real patients with spinal cord injury. Operation and physical examination, etc.

2. In the present invention, after the teacher sets a round of feelings of different induction nodes through the background of the control module, he teaches the students, or examines the students' mastery of the ASIA spinal cord injury assessment form. The feeling of touching the induction nodes will be carried out through the announcer. Corresponding feedback is provided to provide real-time prompts to teachers and students.

3. During teaching, the present invention can control the start of the motor, and then drive the teaching aid body to rotate through the disc, so as to realize the front and back and side adjustment of the teaching aid body, and conveniently display each induction node to students in an all-round way; the teacher can use the storage box to Pull out the teaching stick from the middle so that you can use it to press each sensor node. No manual pressing operation is required, and it is convenient to store and use.

4. In the present invention, the round head is unscrewed until the end of its outer wall is flush with the end of the pointed head, so that teachers and students can take the teaching stick and use the round head to inspect the light touch area and deep pressure area of the induction node for damage. Or screw the round head into the direction of the teaching stick until its end touches one side of the teaching stick. At this time, the tip protrudes so that teachers and students can take the teaching stick. Use the tip to inspect the acupuncture area of the induction node for damage. According to The actual needs are changed to facilitate the assessment of spinal damage caused by light touch, acupuncture, and deep pressure.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a front view partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching proposed by the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a teaching stick in use for a spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching simulation teaching aid proposed by the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another use state of a teaching stick for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching simulation teaching aid proposed by the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of tactile areas on the sensing surface of a simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching proposed by the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the spinal cord segments corresponding to different sensing nodes of a simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching proposed by the present invention.

In the picture: 1 base, 2 teaching aid body, 201 head, 202 lower limbs, 203 hands, 204 upper arms, 205 main torso, 3 lighting, 4 disk, 5 storage box, 501 teaching stick, 502 round head, 503 pointed Head, 6 motors, 7 moving wheels, 8 shock absorbing pads, 9 announcers, 10 induction nodes.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of this patent will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.

Embodiments of the present patent are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the patent and cannot be understood as limitations of the patent.

Example 1:

A simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching, as shown in Figures 1 and 4-5, including a teaching aid body 2 connected to the top of the base 1 through an angle adjustment component. Preferably, the teaching aid body 2 has male or female characteristics. The characteristic human body model can be made of plastic, metal, wood and other materials to provide medical students with realistic teaching aids; the teaching aid body 2 consists of a main torso 205 imitating the human torso and a head 201 fixedly connected to the top of the main torso 205. The human head, the upper arms 204 fixedly connected to both sides of the main torso 205 imitate the two human arms, the two lower limbs 202 fixedly connected to the bottom of the main torso 205 imitate the human legs and feet, and the hand 203 fixedly connected to one end of the upper arm 204 imitates The teaching aid body 2 is composed of human hands and imitates the structure of the human body to deepen students' memory, improve the effectiveness of the course, and help medical students to perform practical operations and physical examinations on real spinal cord injury patients.

Further, the outer surface of the teaching aid body 2 is provided with several sensing nodes 10 according to the acupoint positions. The sensing nodes 10 are the corresponding skin areas dominated by the sensory nerve (root) axons of each spinal segment nerve. Each sensing node Nodes 10 each correspond to a spinal cord segment, as shown in Figure 4;

Further, the sensing node 10 includes a sensing surface layer provided on the outer surface of the teaching aid body 2, and a detection block fixedly connected to the sensing surface layer and the corresponding side of the teaching aid body 2; the sensing surface layer includes acupuncture areas and light touch areas. area, the acupuncture area and the light touch area respectively correspond to the acupuncture touch and the light touch. The acupuncture area is concave on the sensing surface layer, and the light touch area is set at the outermost periphery of the sensing surface layer; preferably, the detection block can be a pressure sensor, It is used to reflect the pressure in different areas of the sensing surface layer; after touching or acupuncture the sensing surface layer in different areas of a certain sensing node 10, the detection block in the corresponding area will detect the corresponding pressure value and transmit it to the control module in real time for control The module controls the announcer 9 to emit an adapted tactile level response, thereby assisting students in fully understanding and remembering the ASIA spinal cord injury rating scale.

Preferably, the detection feedback of the detection block includes at least three stages of responses, and the three stages of responses include no response 0 indicating loss of sensation or inability to distinguish between sharp and dull, weak response 1 indicating hypoesthesia, and response 2 indicating normal feeling;

Further preferably, the three sections of response respectively correspond to different feedback feeling levels of the announcer 9. The feeling levels of the announcer 9 include three types: yes, weak, and none. No response 0 corresponds to the feeling level no, weak response 1 corresponds to the feeling level weak, and yes Response 2 corresponds to the feeling level.

Further, the outer wall of the head 201 located at the mouth is fixed with a speaker 9 for feedback of the feeling level through bolts; preferably, the sensing node 10 and the speaker 9 are respectively connected to the control module in communication, and the control module can be a computer. or mobile phone, etc., after the teacher sets a round of feelings of different sensor nodes 10 in the background of the control module, he will teach the students, or examine the students' mastery of the ASIA spinal cord injury assessment form. The feeling of touching the sensor node 10 will be transmitted through the announcer. 9 Provide corresponding feedback to provide real-time prompts to teachers and students.

As a supplement, the distribution positions of the sensing nodes 10 include C plane area, T plane area, L plane area and S plane area; the feeling level is determined by inspecting 28 sensing nodes 10 on each side of the body, and the detection of the feeling level The results are fed back via the announcer 9 with the results 'yes, weak, no'.

Preferably, the C plane area is 7 key points, including C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, and C8, where the skin distribution point of C2 is at least 1cm lateral to the occipital tuberosity; the skin distribution point of C3 is the clavicle. The skin distribution point of C4 is the top of the acromioclavicular joint; the skin distribution point of C5 is the lateral radial side of the antecubital fossa; the skin distribution point of C6 is the dorsal skin of the proximal thumb; C7 The skin distribution point of C8 is the dorsal skin of the proximal section of the middle finger; the skin distribution point of C8 is the skin of the dorsal proximal section of the little finger.

Preferably, the T plane area is 12 key points, including T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, where the skin distribution point of T1 is the antecubital fossa. On the medial ulnar side, proximal to the medial epicondyle of the humerus; the skin distribution point of T2 is the top of the axilla; the skin distribution point of T3 is the midclavicular line of the third intercostal space; the skin distribution point of T4 is the midclavicular line of the fourth intercostal space (mammary line) ; The skin distribution point of T5 is the 5th intercostal space at the midclavicular line (the midpoint of T4-T6); the skin distribution point of T6 is the 6th intercostal space at the midclavicular line (xiphoid process level); the skin distribution point of T7 is the 7th intercostal space at the midclavicular line. Intercostal space (the midpoint of T6-T8); the skin distribution point of T8 is the 8th intercostal space at the midclavicular line (the midpoint of T6-T10); the skin distribution point of T9 is the 9th intercostal space at the midclavicular line (between T8-T10 midpoint); the skin distribution point of T10 is the 10th intercostal space at the midclavicular line (umbilicus level); the skin distribution point of T11 is the 11th intercostal space at the midclavicular line (midpoint of T10-T12); the skin distribution point of T12 is the midclavicular line Midpoint of the inguinal ligament.

Preferably, the L plane area is composed of 5 key points, including L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5. The skin distribution point of L1 is the midpoint of the line connecting T12 and L2; the skin distribution point of L2 is the anterior inner side of the thigh. , the midpoint between the midpoint of the inguinal ligament T12 and the medial femoral condyle; the skin distribution point of L3 is the medial femoral condyle above the knee; the skin distribution point of L4 is the medial malleolus; the skin distribution point of L5 is the third metatarsophalangeal joint on the dorsum of the foot .

Preferably, the S plane area has four key points, including S1, S2, S3, and S4-5, where the skin distribution point of S1 is the outside of the heel; the skin distribution point of S2 is the midpoint of the popliteal fossa; and the skin distribution point of S3 The distribution point is the ischial tubercle or the subgluteal fold; the skin distribution point of S4-5 is within 1cm of the anus and outside the skin-mucosal junction around the anus;

Preferably, S4-5 is the key point of a separate reaction.

As a supplement, the sensing surface layer located at position S4-5 also includes a deep pressure area. Preferably, the deep pressure area corresponds to the deep pressure tactile sensation, and the deep pressure area is provided on the sensing surface layer between the acupuncture area and the light touch area. area; after deeply pressing the deep pressure area sensing surface layer of the sensing node 10 at position S4-5, the detection block in the corresponding area will detect the corresponding pressure value and transmit it to the control module in real time, so that the control module can control the announcer 9 to emit the corresponding The adaptive tactile level response includes the aforementioned no response 0, weak response 1 and response 2. The three responses respectively correspond to different feedback feeling levels of the announcer 9. The feeling levels of the announcer 9 include three types: yes, weak and no response. .

Preferably, the deep pressure zone, acupuncture zone and light touch zone are clearly demarcated on the sensing surface layer, which facilitates different tactile point pressing operations on the same sensing node 10 .

Further, all the sensing nodes 10 except S4-5 are connected in series, and multiple response modes can be randomly set. For example, if the teacher sets no response 0 in the T6 plane area through the background, then except S4-5, the nodes after T6 All planes have no response 0, and the dermatomes above T6 either all have response 2, or are set to weak response 1 at T5 or T4-6.

When this embodiment is in use, the teaching aid body 2 is modeled after the structure of the human body, and the sensing nodes 10 on it are the corresponding skin areas dominated by the sensory nerve (root) axons of each spinal segment nerve. Each sensing node 10 is Corresponding to a spinal cord segment, during teaching, when the sensing surface layer of different areas of a certain sensing node 10 is touched or acupunctured, the detection block in the corresponding area will detect the corresponding pressure value and transmit it to the control module in real time for control by the control module. The announcer 9 emits an adapted tactile level response, thereby assisting students in fully understanding and remembering the ASIA spinal cord injury rating scale.

Example 2:

A simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching, as shown in Figures 1-4, in order to improve the ease of use of the equipment; this embodiment makes the following additions based on Embodiment 1: the top outer wall of the base 1 passes A shock-absorbing pad 8 is fixed with bolts; the angle adjustment component includes a moving wheel 7 fixed to the bottom outer wall of the base 1 through bolts, a motor 6 fixed to the bottom inner wall of the base 1 through bolts, and a round wheel rotationally connected to the top outer wall of the shock-absorbing pad 8. Disk 4; push the equipment to flexibly change the use point through the moving wheel 7, and by setting the shock-absorbing pad 8, the shock felt by the teaching aid body 2 can be effectively alleviated and the service life of the equipment can be extended.

Preferably, the bottom end of the teaching aid body 2 is fixed to the top surface of the disc 4 through bolts; during teaching, the motor 6 can be controlled to start, and then drive the teaching aid body 2 to rotate through the disc 4, so as to realize the forward and reverse direction of the teaching aid body 2. As well as side adjustments, it is convenient to display each sensing node 10 to students in an all-round way, and the adjustment is convenient.

Preferably, the top outer wall of the shock-absorbing pad 8 is fixed with a lighting lamp 3 through bolts; during teaching, the lighting lamp 3 can be turned on so that the light can cover the teaching aid body 2 upward, so that all sensing nodes 10 can be fully exposed, improving observation. Clarity.

Furthermore, a storage box 5 is fixed on one side of the outer wall of the base 1 by bolts, and a teaching stick 501 is inserted into the inner wall of the storage box 5;

Preferably, the circumferential outer wall near one end of the teaching stick 501 is connected with a round head 502 through threads. One end of the teaching stick 501 is welded with a sharp head 503, and the sharp head 503 is inserted into the circumferential inner wall of the round head 502; unscrew the round head 502. head 502 until the end of its outer wall is flush with the end of the pointed head 503, as shown in Figure 2, so that teachers and students can take the teaching stick 501 and use the round head 502 to perform the light touch area and deep pressure area of the sensing node 10 Damage inspection, or screw the round head 502 in the direction of the teaching stick 501 until its end contacts one side of the teaching stick 501. At this time, the pointed head 503 protrudes, as shown in Figure 3, so that teachers and students can take the teaching stick 501 and use the pointed The head 503 performs damage inspection on the acupuncture area of the sensing node 10 and can be exchanged according to actual needs, thereby facilitating the assessment of damage to the spine caused by light touch, acupuncture, and deep pressure.

Preferably, the teaching stick 501 can have a telescopic or threaded adjustment structure to adjust the overall length of the teaching stick 501; the teacher can pull out the teaching stick 501 from the storage box 5 so as to use it to perform different area adjustments on each sensing node 10 Point-pressure, no manual pressing required, easy to store and use.

When this embodiment is in use, the device is pushed to flexibly change the point of use via the moving wheel 7 . During teaching, the lighting 3 can be turned on so that the light can cover the teaching aid body 2 upward, so that all the sensing nodes 10 can be fully exposed. The teacher can pull out the teaching stick 501 from the storage box 5 so as to use it to perform different operations on each sensing node 10. Point pressure in the area; according to the teaching progress, the motor 6 can be controlled to start, and then drive the teaching aid body 2 to rotate through the disk 4, so as to realize the front and back and side adjustment of the teaching aid body 2, and conveniently display each induction node 10 to the students in an all-round way .

The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can, within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, implement the technical solutions of the present invention. Equivalent substitutions or changes of the inventive concept thereof shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching, including a teaching aid body (2) connected to the top of the base (1) through an angle adjustment component, characterized in that the teaching aid body (2) is a human body model, and the teaching aid body (2) It consists of the main torso (205), the head (201) fixedly connected to the top of the main torso (205), the upper arms (204) fixedly connected to both sides of the main torso (205), and the two upper arms (204) fixedly connected to the main torso (205). 205) consists of a lower limb (202) at the bottom and a hand (203) fixedly connected to one end of the upper arm (204); The outer surface of the teaching aid body (2) is provided with more than two sensing nodes (10); A speaker (9) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the head (201) located at the mouth. 2. A kind of simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that the induction node (10) and the announcer (9) are respectively connected with a control module in communication, and the control module is a computer or cell phone. 3. A kind of simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that the induction node (10) includes an induction surface layer arranged on the outer surface of the teaching aid body (2), and is fixedly connected to A detection block on the side corresponding to the sensing surface layer and the teaching aid body (2); The sensing surface layer includes acupuncture areas and light touch areas; The detection block is a pressure sensor. 4. A kind of simulation teaching aid for medical teaching of ASIA assessment of spinal cord injury according to claim 3, characterized in that the detection feedback of the detection block includes at least three-stage responses, and the three-stage responses include expressions indicating disappearance of sensation or inability to distinguish between sharp and soft. Blunt no response 0, weak response 1 indicating hypoesthesia, response 2 indicating normal feeling; The feeling level of the announcer (9) includes three types: yes, weak and no. No response 0 corresponds to the feeling level no, weak response 1 corresponds to the feeling level weak, and response 2 corresponds to the feeling level yes. 5. A kind of simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching according to claim 4, characterized in that the distribution position of the induction node (10) includes a C plane area, a T plane area, an L plane area and an S plane. area. 6. A simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching according to claim 5, characterized in that the C plane area includes C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, and C8; The T plane area includes T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, and T12; The L plane area includes L1, L2, L3, L4, and L5; The S plane area includes S1, S2, S3, and S4-5; The sensing surface layer located at position S4-5 also includes a deep pressure zone. 7. A simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that a shock-absorbing pad (8) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the base (1), and the shock-absorbing pad (8) The top outer wall is fixedly connected with a lighting lamp (3). 8. A simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching according to claim 7, characterized in that the angle adjustment component includes a moving wheel (7) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom of the base (1), The motor (6) on the inner wall of the bottom of the base (1) and the disc (4) rotatingly connected to the outer wall of the top of the shock absorbing pad (8); The bottom end of the teaching aid body (2) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the disc (4). 9. A simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching according to claim 8, characterized in that a storage box (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the base (1), and the storage box (5) is There is a teaching stick (501) inserted in the inner wall; The teaching stick (501) is provided with a round head (502) on its circumferential outer wall near one end. One end of the teaching stick (501) is fixedly connected with a sharp head (503), and the sharp head (503) is inserted into the round head (502). ) of the inner circumferential wall. 10. A simulation teaching aid for spinal cord injury ASIA assessment medical teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that the teaching aid body (2) is made of plastic, metal or wood.