CN116950661B - Deep sea mining plume suppression device and method based on carbon dioxide emulsion - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep sea mining plume suppression device and method based on carbon dioxide emulsion, which includes a carbon dioxide storage unit, an emulsification unit, an emulsion injection unit and an electronic control unit. The emulsification unit includes a pressurization mechanism, a seawater supply mechanism, an active agent supply mechanism and The emulsification container is equipped with a stirring mechanism, and the carbon dioxide storage unit is connected to the emulsification container through a pressurizing mechanism. One end of the seawater supply mechanism is connected to the outside world, the other end is connected to the emulsification container, and the active agent supply mechanism is connected to the emulsification container. The emulsion spray unit includes an emulsion delivery pipe and three sets of emulsion nozzles. The emulsion delivery pipe is connected to the emulsification container. Two sets of emulsion nozzles are symmetrically located on both sides of the emulsion delivery pipe, and the other set of emulsion nozzles is located on the rear side of the emulsion delivery pipe. The invention uses a carbon dioxide water-in-water emulsion to form a covering layer, forcing the plume to rapidly sink to the deep sea bottom. The carbon dioxide will form hydrates with the pore water of the sediment and remain on the bottom of the sea for a long time.

Description

Deep sea mining plume suppression device and method based on carbon dioxide emulsion

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of marine environment management, and in particular to a deep sea mining plume suppression device and method based on carbon dioxide emulsion.

Background technique

Deep-sea polymetallic nodules are an important source of strategic metals such as manganese, cobalt, nickel, and lithium, and are found in seafloor surface sediments at water depths of 4,000 to 6,000 meters. Polymetallic nodules are shaped like potatoes, showing a planar distribution pattern, and occur in relatively flat submarine plains or basins. Undersea crawler vehicles are currently the most commercially promising ore-gathering equipment. During the operation of the crawler-type mine collector, the water jet flushing the ore and the movement of the vehicle will disturb the thin and soft bottom of the seabed, causing the sediment particles to float up and spread to form a plume. Once a plume is formed, it can spread for thousands of kilometers. The fine particles carried in the plume will cause suffocation and mass death of seabed organisms, seriously damaging the ecosystem.

In response to the problem of deep-sea mining plumes, Chinese patent CN215977448U discloses a deep-sea mine car disturbance plume suppression device, which includes a particle separator, a large-suction deep-sea high-pressure pump, a plume flow suction port, and pipelines. The high-pressure pump generates suction to remove the plume. The flow is sucked into the suction port, and the particles are separated and compacted in the particle separator and then discharged to the seabed. Chinese patent CN115653608B discloses a carbon dioxide-based deep sea mining plume suppression and storage device and method, which includes a plume collection unit, a pump suction pipe group, a separation and settlement unit and a solidification discharge unit. During operation, the plume is sucked into the solidification sedimentation bin, using liquid The carbon dioxide solidifies and is released to the seafloor. The two existing patents use a suction method to guide the plume into the interior of the vehicle body for further processing. However, the suction process itself will cause changes in the seafloor flow field, and the impact range of the plume may be further expanded. Therefore, existing plume suppression technology urgently needs further improvement.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing technologies, one purpose of the present invention is to propose a deep-sea mining plume suppression device based on carbon dioxide emulsion to solve the problem of plumes generated by mine trucks during jet collection and walking, which cause serious damage to the marine environment. and problems that make subsequent deep-sea mining operations impossible.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

A deep sea mining plume suppression device based on carbon dioxide emulsion includes a carbon dioxide storage unit, an emulsification unit, an emulsion injection unit and an electronic control unit. The carbon dioxide storage unit includes a relay bin and an umbilical cord pipeline installed on the mining vehicle. The relay The warehouse can be connected to the dioxide production unit on the surface support mother ship through the umbilical cord pipeline.

The emulsification unit includes a pressurizing mechanism, a seawater supply mechanism, an active agent supplying mechanism and an emulsification container. A stirring mechanism is provided inside the emulsification container, and the outlet end of the relay bin is connected to the interior of the emulsification container through the pressurization mechanism.

The seawater supply mechanism is located on one side of the emulsification container, with one end connected to the outside and the other end connected to the inside of the emulsification container, capable of sending filtered seawater into the emulsification container.

The active agent supply mechanism is connected with the emulsification container and supplies the surfactant into the emulsification container.

The emulsion injection unit includes an emulsion delivery pipe and three sets of emulsion nozzles. The emulsion delivery pipe is connected to the emulsification container and wrapped around the outside of the ore temporary storage box. Its left and right sides extend outward laterally to form an extension part.

Two sets of emulsion nozzles are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the emulsion delivery pipe, and the other set of emulsion nozzles is set on the rear side of the emulsion delivery pipe. Under working conditions, the water-in-carbonate emulsion prepared from the emulsification container passes through the emulsion nozzles to the mining vehicle. Spray around.

Further, the relay warehouse is fixedly installed inside the ore temporary storage box. One end of the umbilical cord pipeline is connected to the top of the relay warehouse, and the other end is connected to the carbon dioxide preparation unit on the water surface support mother ship. The relay warehouse receives the umbilical cord pipeline. and store carbon dioxide from the surface support mother ship.

Further, the boosting mechanism includes a boosting pump and a high-pressure tank. The high-pressure tank is arranged inside the ore temporary storage tank and is connected to the outlet end of the relay bin through the first pipeline.

The booster pump is arranged on the first pipeline, and its signal end is communicatively connected with the electronic control unit.

The high-pressure tank is connected to the pipeline of the emulsification container. There is a flow valve one between the high-pressure tank and the emulsification container. The signal end of the flow valve one is communicatively connected to the electronic control unit.

Further, the active agent supply mechanism includes an active agent storage tank and a star-shaped feeding valve. The inlet of the active agent storage tank is connected to the water surface support mother ship, and its outlet is connected to the emulsification container through the star-shaped feeding valve.

The star-shaped feeding valve is equipped with a servo motor, and the signal end of the servo motor is communicatively connected with the electronic control unit.

Further, the seawater supply mechanism includes an input pipe, a suction pump and a seawater filter. One end of the input pipe is connected to the external seawater, and the other end is connected to the middle part of the emulsification container through the seawater filter.

The suction pump is arranged on the input pipe, and the signal end of the suction pump is communicatively connected to the electronic control unit.

Further, the main part of the emulsion conveying pipe is a horizontally arranged U-shaped structure, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the ore temporary storage box, and the extensions on both sides are connected to the left and right sides of the front end of the main part to form an integrated structure.

Each group of emulsion nozzles includes a plurality of emulsion nozzles arranged linearly at intervals. The front end of each emulsion nozzle is connected to the rear side wall of the emulsion delivery pipe, and its rear end is a duckbill-shaped structure with a linear opening.

Further, the extended portions on both sides of the emulsion conveying pipe are symmetrically distributed left and right, and are fixedly connected to the mining vehicle through brackets. The extended portions on each side are composed of horizontal sections and inclined sections.

The length extension direction of the linear opening of each emulsion nozzle is consistent with the axis direction of the emulsion delivery pipe at which it is connected.

Another object of the present invention is to propose a deep sea mining plume suppression method. A deep-sea mining plume suppression method, using the above-mentioned deep-sea mining plume suppression device based on carbon dioxide emulsion, includes the following steps:

Step 1: The surface support mother ship pumps the surfactant through the umbilical cord pipeline and supplies it to the internal storage of the institution. At the same time, the carbon dioxide preparation unit continuously pumps the produced gaseous carbon dioxide to the relay warehouse through the umbilical cord pipeline, and stores it in the intermediate warehouse. Internal collection and temporary storage in the warehouse.

Step 2: The gaseous carbon dioxide in the relay warehouse enters the supercharging mechanism. The supercharging mechanism pressurizes the gaseous carbon dioxide to above 10MPa, turning it into liquid carbon dioxide and temporarily storing it for later use.

Step 3: The liquid carbon dioxide produced in Step 2 enters the emulsification container, and the external seawater is filtered and pumped into the emulsification container.

The surfactant stored inside the active agent supply mechanism enters the emulsification container through the pipeline. At the same time, hydrophobic particles are added to the emulsification container. Liquid carbon dioxide, seawater, surfactant and hydrophobic particles are fully stirred in the emulsification container according to the set ratio. , to obtain a water-in-carbonate emulsion.

Step 4: The water-in-carbonate emulsion reaches each emulsion nozzle through the emulsion delivery pipe, and is sprayed to the outside through the emulsion nozzle in a surface spraying manner, forming a continuous emulsion covering layer above the plume.

Step 5: Under the action of gravity, the emulsion covering layer settles downward. The water-in-carbon dioxide emulsion absorbs the particles in the plume and covers the plume to the seabed, preventing the plume from spreading.

Further, the surfactant uses a cationic surfactant. The liquid carbon dioxide, seawater, surfactant and hydrophobic particles described in step three are (70~90): (30~60): (4~ 9): (1～2) Add to the emulsification container. The stirring mechanism adopts a spiral stirring paddle, and the rotating speed of the spiral stirring paddle is 800rpm~1500rpm.

By adopting the above technical solutions, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention uses a water-in-carbon dioxide emulsion to form a covering layer. The high-density emulsion covering layer presses down to cause the plume to settle rapidly, which can effectively inhibit the overflow and spread of the plume.

2. The present invention uses cationic carbon dioxide emulsion, which can adsorb plume particles with high anion concentration. A small number of escaped plume particles will also be attracted by electric charges, adhere to the surface of the emulsion cover layer, and settle with the emulsion.

3. After the present invention uses carbon dioxide emulsion to suppress the plume, the carbon dioxide emulsion will sink to the deep seabed. Under the long-term dissolution of seawater, carbon dioxide will combine with the water in the sediment pores to undergo a chemical reaction, and the hydrate will be formed and left for a long time. Undersea, realize deep sea carbon sequestration.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the deep sea mining plume suppression device based on carbon dioxide emulsion of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the deep sea mining plume suppression device based on carbon dioxide emulsion of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a certain part of the invention of Figure 1, showing the emulsion nozzle.

Figure 4 is a flow chart of a deep sea mining plume suppression method of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Embodiment 1, with reference to Figures 1 to 3, a deep sea mining plume suppression device based on carbon dioxide emulsion includes a carbon dioxide storage unit, an emulsification unit, an emulsion injection unit and an electronic control unit. The carbon dioxide storage unit includes a carbon dioxide storage unit installed on a mining vehicle. Relay warehouse 11 and umbilical cord pipeline 12. The relay warehouse 11 is fixedly installed inside the ore temporary storage box 101. The relay warehouse 11 can be connected to the carbon dioxide preparation unit on the surface support mother ship through the umbilical cord pipeline 12. . The front end of the mining vehicle is provided with a collection head 103, which has two symmetrically arranged crawler walking units 102 on its left and right sides. The plume comes from the two crawler walking units 102 that are stirred up and spread to the outside during the walking process of the mining vehicle, and The collection head 103 is caused by the jet.

One end of the umbilical cord pipeline 12 is connected to the top of the relay warehouse 11 , and the other end is connected to the carbon dioxide production unit on the surface support mother ship. The relay warehouse 11 receives and stores carbon dioxide from the surface support mother ship through the umbilical cord pipeline 12 . The electronic control unit includes a controller, and the controller adopts an existing PLC controller in the prior art.

The emulsification unit includes a pressurizing mechanism, a seawater supply mechanism, an active agent supplying mechanism and an emulsification container 2. A stirring mechanism 21 is provided inside the emulsification container 2. The outlet end of the relay chamber 11 passes through the connection between the pressurization mechanism and the emulsification container 2. Internally connected.

The boosting mechanism includes a boosting pump 32 and a high-pressure tank 31. The high-pressure tank 31 is arranged inside the ore temporary storage tank 101 and is connected to the outlet end of the relay bin 11 through a first pipeline 33. The booster pump 32 is arranged on the first pipeline 33, and its signal end is communicatively connected with the electronic control unit. The high-pressure tank 31 is connected to the emulsification container 2 through pipelines. A flow valve 34 is provided between the high-pressure tank 31 and the emulsification container 2. The signal end of the flow valve 34 is connected to the electronic control unit for communication. The booster mechanism is used to increase the pressure to change the phase of carbon dioxide from gaseous to liquid.

The seawater supply mechanism is located on one side of the emulsification container 2, with one end connected to the outside and the other end connected to the inside of the emulsification container 2, capable of sending filtered seawater into the emulsification container 2. Specifically, the seawater supply mechanism includes an input pipe 41, a suction pump and a seawater filter 42. One end of the input pipe 41 is connected to the external seawater, and the other end is connected to the middle of the emulsification container 2 through the seawater filter 42. The suction pump is arranged on the input pipe 41, and the signal end of the suction pump is communicatively connected to the electronic control unit.

The active agent supply mechanism is connected with the emulsification container 2 and supplies surfactant into the emulsification container 2 . The active agent supply mechanism includes an active agent storage tank 51 and a star-shaped feeding valve 52. The inlet of the active agent storage tank 51 is connected to the water surface support mother ship, and its outlet is connected to the emulsification container 2 through the star-shaped feeding valve 52. The star-shaped feeding valve 52 is equipped with a servo motor, and the signal end of the servo motor is communicatively connected with the electronic control unit.

The emulsion injection unit includes an emulsion delivery pipe 61 and three sets of emulsion nozzles 62. The emulsion delivery pipe 61 is connected to the emulsification container 2 and wrapped around the outside of the ore temporary storage box 101. Its left and right sides extend outward and laterally to form an extension part. The main part of the emulsion conveying pipe 61 is a horizontally arranged U-shaped structure, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the ore temporary storage box 101. The extensions on both sides are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the front end of the main part to form an integrated structure.

Each group of emulsion nozzles 62 includes a plurality of emulsion nozzles 62 arranged linearly and sequentially at intervals. The front end of each emulsion nozzle 62 is connected to the rear side wall of the emulsion delivery pipe 61 , and its rear end is a duckbill-shaped structure with a linear opening.

Two groups of emulsion nozzles 62 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the emulsion delivery pipe 61, and another set of emulsion nozzles 62 are arranged on the rear side of the emulsion delivery pipe 61. Under working conditions, the water-in-carbonate emulsion prepared by the emulsification container 2 passes through The emulsion nozzle 62 sprays around the mining vehicle.

The extended portions on both sides of the emulsion conveying pipe 61 are symmetrically distributed left and right, and are fixedly connected to the mining vehicle through brackets. The extended portions on each side are composed of horizontal sections and inclined sections. The length extension direction of the linear opening of each emulsion nozzle 62 is consistent with the axial direction of the emulsion delivery pipe 61 at the connection point.

Embodiment 2, with reference to Figures 1 to 4, a deep sea mining plume suppression method, using the above deep sea mining plume suppression device based on carbon dioxide emulsion, includes the following steps:

Step 1: The surface support mother ship pumps the surfactant through the umbilical line 12 and supplies the active agent to the internal storage of the mechanism. At the same time, the carbon dioxide production unit continuously pumps the produced gaseous carbon dioxide to the relay warehouse 11 through the umbilical line 12. And it is collected and temporarily stored in the relay warehouse 11.

Step 2: The gaseous carbon dioxide in the relay warehouse 11 enters the supercharging mechanism. The supercharging mechanism pressurizes the gaseous carbon dioxide to above 10 MPa, turning it into liquid carbon dioxide and temporarily storing it for later use.

Step 3: The liquid carbon dioxide produced in Step 2 enters the emulsification container 2 , and the external seawater is filtered and pumped into the emulsification container 2 .

The surfactant stored inside the active agent supply mechanism enters the emulsification container 2 through the pipeline. At the same time, hydrophobic particles are added to the emulsification container 2. Liquid carbon dioxide, seawater, surfactant and hydrophobic particles are added to the emulsification container 2 in a set ratio. Stir thoroughly inside, and use a stirring paddle to stir to accelerate the emulsification process of liquid carbon dioxide to obtain a water-in-carbon dioxide cationic emulsion.

Specifically, the surfactant is a cationic surfactant, preferably behenyltrimethylammonium bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.

The liquid carbon dioxide, seawater, surfactant and hydrophobic particles described in step three are (70~90) according to the volume ratio: (30~60): (4~9): (1~2) Add emulsification container 2 Inside. The stirring mechanism 21 adopts a spiral stirring paddle, and the rotating speed of the spiral stirring paddle is 800rpm to 1500rpm.

Step 4: The water-in-carbon dioxide cationic emulsion reaches each emulsion nozzle 62 through the emulsion delivery pipe 61, and is sprayed to the outside through the emulsion nozzle 62 in a surface spraying manner, forming a continuous emulsion covering layer above the plume.

Step 5: Under the action of gravity, the emulsion covering layer settles downward. The water-in-carbon dioxide emulsion absorbs the particles in the plume and covers the plume to the seabed, preventing the plume from spreading. Taking advantage of the high density and charge adsorption properties of carbon dioxide cationic emulsion, on the one hand, a continuous cover layer is formed to press the plume downward to cause it to settle, and on the other hand, the plume particles are absorbed to inhibit the plume diffusion.

The emulsion of carbon dioxide is released into seawater, and the adsorbed plume particles sink to the seafloor, where they briefly remain on the surface of seafloor sediments. In an emulsion structure, carbon dioxide is wrapped around water molecules. Under the long-term dissolution of seawater, the emulsion structure is gradually destroyed, and the carbon dioxide molecules in the outer layer will directly contact the seabed sediments. According to the properties of carbon dioxide hydrate, carbon dioxide will rob the strongly bound water in the sediment pores and generate carbon dioxide hydrate through chemical reactions. During the reaction, carbon dioxide hydrate will erode into seafloor sediment pores, displacing water molecules to fill the pores and cement sediment particles.

The carbon sequestration method in the present invention mainly utilizes the high density characteristics of carbon dioxide emulsion and the dissolution characteristics of carbon dioxide sediments. In a deep sea environment with a water depth of 4,000 to 6,000 meters, liquid carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide emulsions have a higher density than local seawater, and tend to sink under the influence of gravity, so the risk of carbon sequestration leakage is very small. The carbon dioxide emulsion is a water-in-carbon dioxide emulsion. After the emulsion settles to the seabed, it stays at the seawater-sediment interface. The carbon dioxide located in the outer layer of the water-in-carbon dioxide emulsion structure will gradually dissolve and penetrate into the sediment and deposit. The solid particles are stably cemented to achieve long-term carbon sequestration in the deep sea.

Parts not described in the present invention can be realized by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc. are based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. The orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. It does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of the present invention. protection scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The deep sea mining plume suppression device based on the carbon dioxide emulsion is characterized by comprising a carbon dioxide storage unit, an emulsifying unit, an emulsion injection unit and an electric control unit, wherein the carbon dioxide storage unit comprises a relay bin and an umbilical pipeline which are arranged on a mining vehicle, and the relay bin can be connected with a preparation unit for performing dioxide conversion on a mother ship supported on the water surface through the umbilical pipeline;

the emulsifying unit comprises a pressurizing mechanism, a seawater feeding mechanism, an active agent feeding mechanism and an emulsifying container, wherein the emulsifying container is internally provided with a stirring mechanism, and the outlet end of the relay bin is communicated with the inside of the emulsifying container through the pressurizing mechanism;

the seawater feeding mechanism is positioned at one side of the emulsifying container, one end of the seawater feeding mechanism is connected with the outside, and the other end of the seawater feeding mechanism is connected with the inside of the emulsifying container, so that filtered seawater can be sent into the emulsifying container;

the active agent feeding mechanism is connected and communicated with the emulsifying container and is used for feeding the surfactant into the emulsifying container;

the emulsion injection unit comprises an emulsion conveying pipe and three groups of emulsion nozzles, the emulsion conveying pipe is connected with the emulsion container, the emulsion conveying pipe is wrapped on the outer side of the ore temporary storage box, and the left side and the right side of the emulsion conveying pipe transversely extend outwards to form an extension part;

the two groups of emulsion nozzles are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the emulsion conveying pipe, the other group of emulsion nozzles are arranged at the rear side of the emulsion conveying pipe, and in a working state, the water-in-carbon dioxide emulsion prepared by the emulsifying container is sprayed to the periphery of the mining vehicle through the emulsion nozzles.

2. The deep sea mining plume suppression device based on carbon dioxide emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the relay bin is fixedly installed inside the ore temporary storage box, one end of the umbilical line is connected with the top of the relay bin, the other end of the umbilical line is connected with the dioxygenation preparation unit on the water surface support mother ship, and the relay bin receives and stores carbon dioxide from the water surface support mother ship through the umbilical line.

3. The deep sea mining plume suppression device based on the carbon dioxide emulsion, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the pressurizing mechanism comprises a booster pump and a high-pressure tank body, wherein the high-pressure tank body is arranged in the ore temporary storage box and is connected and communicated with the outlet end of the relay bin through a first pipeline;

the booster pump is arranged on the first pipeline, and the signal end of the booster pump is in communication connection with the electronic control unit;

the high-pressure tank body is connected with the emulsifying container pipeline, a first flow valve is arranged between the high-pressure tank body and the emulsifying container, and a signal end of the first flow valve is communicated with the electronic control unit.

4. The deep sea mining plume suppression device based on carbon dioxide emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the active agent supply mechanism comprises an active agent storage tank and a star-shaped feed valve, the inlet of the active agent storage tank is connected with a water surface support mother ship, and the outlet of the active agent storage tank is connected with an emulsifying container through the star-shaped feed valve;

the star-shaped feeding valve is provided with a servo motor, and a signal end of the servo motor is in communication connection with the electronic control unit.

5. The deep sea mining plume suppression device based on the carbon dioxide emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the seawater supply mechanism comprises an input pipe, a suction pump and a seawater filter, one end of the input pipe is communicated with the outside seawater, and the other end of the input pipe is connected with the middle part of the emulsifying container through the seawater filter;

the suction pump is arranged on the input pipe, and the signal end of the suction pump is in communication connection with the electronic control unit.

6. The deep sea mining plume suppression device based on the carbon dioxide emulsion according to claim 1, wherein the main body part of the emulsion conveying pipe is of a horizontally arranged U-shaped structure, the main body part is fixedly sleeved on the outer side wall of the ore temporary storage box, and the extending parts positioned at the two sides are respectively connected with the left side and the right side of the front end of the main body part to form an integrated structure;

each group of emulsion nozzles comprises a plurality of emulsion nozzles which are arranged at intervals in a linear sequence, the front end of each emulsion nozzle is connected and communicated with the rear side wall of the emulsion conveying pipe, and the rear end of each emulsion nozzle is of a duckbill structure with a linear opening.

7. The deep sea mining plume suppression device based on the carbon dioxide emulsion according to claim 6, wherein the extending parts on two sides of the emulsion conveying pipe are distributed symmetrically left and right and fixedly connected with the mining vehicle through a bracket, and each extending part on each side is formed by connecting a horizontal section and an inclined section;

the length extension direction of each emulsion nozzle linear opening is consistent with the axial direction of the emulsion conveying pipe at the joint of each emulsion nozzle linear opening.

8. A deep sea mining plume suppression method, characterized in that a deep sea mining plume suppression device based on a carbon dioxide emulsion as claimed in any one of claims to 7 is employed, comprising the steps of:

step one, a water surface support mother ship pumps a surfactant through an umbilical pipeline to supply the surfactant into a mechanism for internal storage, and simultaneously a preparation unit for performing dioxide synthesis continuously pumps the prepared gaseous carbon dioxide into a relay bin through the umbilical pipeline and collects and temporarily stores the gaseous carbon dioxide in the relay bin;

step two, the gaseous carbon dioxide in the relay bin enters a pressurizing mechanism, the pressurizing mechanism pressurizes the gaseous carbon dioxide to more than 10MPa, so that the gaseous carbon dioxide becomes liquid carbon dioxide, and temporary storage is carried out for later use;

step three, the liquid carbon dioxide prepared in the step two enters an emulsifying container, and external seawater is pumped into the emulsifying container after being filtered;

the surfactant stored in the surfactant feeding mechanism enters the emulsifying container through a pipeline, meanwhile, hydrophobic particles are added into the emulsifying container, and liquid carbon dioxide, seawater, the surfactant and the hydrophobic particles are fully stirred in the emulsifying container according to a set proportion, so that a water-in-carbon dioxide emulsion is obtained;

step four, the water-in-carbon dioxide emulsion reaches each emulsion nozzle through an emulsion conveying pipe, is sprayed to the outside in a surface spraying manner through the emulsion nozzles, and forms a continuous emulsion coating layer above the plumes;

and fifthly, under the action of gravity, the emulsion coating layer is settled downwards, the water-in-carbon dioxide emulsion adsorbs particles in the plume, the plume is covered on the seabed, and the plume is prevented from being diffused.

9. The deep sea mining plume inhibition method according to claim 8, wherein the surfactant is a cationic surfactant, and the liquid carbon dioxide, the seawater, the surfactant and the hydrophobic particles in the third step are sequentially (70-90) according to the volume ratio: (30-60): (4-9): (1-2) adding the mixture into an emulsifying container;

the stirring mechanism adopts a screw stirring paddle, and the rotating speed of the screw stirring paddle is 800 rpm-1500 rpm.