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CN116947644B - A kind of preparation method of memantine hydrochloride - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of memantine hydrochloride Download PDF

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CN116947644B
CN116947644B CN202310925615.4A CN202310925615A CN116947644B CN 116947644 B CN116947644 B CN 116947644B CN 202310925615 A CN202310925615 A CN 202310925615A CN 116947644 B CN116947644 B CN 116947644B
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memantine hydrochloride
reaction
dimethyladamantane
halogenated
preparing
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CN116947644A (en
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向萍萍
王五普
高磊磊
李占江
刘性博
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Shandong Xuanhong Pharmaceutical Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C209/00Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
    • C07C209/04Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups
    • C07C209/06Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms
    • C07C209/08Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms with formation of amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/48Silver or gold
    • B01J23/50Silver
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2603/00Systems containing at least three condensed rings
    • C07C2603/56Ring systems containing bridged rings
    • C07C2603/58Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings
    • C07C2603/70Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings containing only six-membered rings
    • C07C2603/74Adamantanes

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于有机合成技术领域,具体涉及一种盐酸美金刚的制备方法。本发明以卤代二甲基金刚烷为起始原料,以无水N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺为反应溶剂,加入活性催化剂氧化银和缚酸剂三乙胺,于0.5MPa、80~85℃通入氨气反应5~6h,抽滤后滤液再与浓盐酸反应得盐酸美金刚。本发明的盐酸美金刚的制备方法所用溶剂无水N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺无毒,反应在活性催化剂存在下,在一定压力下直接通氨气,碳卤键直接形成碳氮键得到金刚胺化合物,使得制备盐酸美金刚的工艺大大简化,工艺路线较短并易操作,生产成本低,收率和纯度高,适合大规模工业化生产。The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and is particularly related to a method for preparing memantine hydrochloride. The present invention uses halogenated dimethyladamantane as a starting material, anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide as a reaction solvent, adds an active catalyst silver oxide and an acid binding agent triethylamine, passes ammonia at 0.5MPa and 80-85°C for reaction for 5-6h, and after suction filtration, the filtrate is reacted with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain memantine hydrochloride. The solvent anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide used in the preparation method of memantine hydrochloride of the present invention is non-toxic, and the reaction is directly passed through ammonia under a certain pressure in the presence of an active catalyst, and a carbon-halogen bond directly forms a carbon-nitrogen bond to obtain adamantine compounds, so that the process for preparing memantine hydrochloride is greatly simplified, the process route is short and easy to operate, the production cost is low, the yield and purity are high, and it is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Description

Preparation method of memantine hydrochloride
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and particularly relates to a preparation method of memantine hydrochloride.
Background
Memantine hydrochloride (MEMANTINE HYDROCHLORIDE), also known as 1-amino-3, 5-dimethyladamantane hydrochloride, memantine hydrochloride, is a low-to-medium affinity, voltage-dependent and non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist developed by Merz, germany, which can prevent apoptosis and improve memory, and is a new generation of drugs for improving cognitive functions. Thus, memantine hydrochloride has great potential for economic and social benefits.
Common synthesis methods of memantine hydrochloride mainly comprise a urea method (CN 1594277A), an acetonitrile method (CN 102432473A), a carboxamide method (Huber F A,Gallo G,Faveri C D.Process for the manufacture of memantine and inrermediate product:WO,2009115334A2[P].2009-09-24.)、 nitrification method (Huang Bin, ao Guizhen, in the process of the synthesis of memantine hydrochloride, the improvement of [ J ]. Chinese pharmaceutical industry, 2009,18 (22): 17-18 ]), and the like, but the reaction difficulty of the urea method 1-bromo-3, 5-dimethyl adamantane and urea is higher, the reaction yield is lower than 70%, the industrial production cost is higher, concentrated sulfuric acid and organic acid are used for reaction in the acetonitrile method, the reaction is severe, the toxicity is high, the yield is not high, a large amount of reddish brown toxic gas NO 2 is generated in the reaction process of the carboxamide method, the post treatment is complex, the hydrogenation is catalyzed by Pd/C in the nitrification process, the higher danger exists, and the time is longer, and the cost is high. The existing synthesis methods have the problems of high production cost, large harm to human bodies, low yield and the like at different degrees.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the preparation method of the memantine hydrochloride, which has the advantages of raw materials of commercial general chemicals, high yield, low synthesis cost, application of active catalyst catalysis, short reaction route and time and small harm to human bodies.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The preparation method of memantine hydrochloride comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Dissolving halogenated dimethyl adamantane in anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide, adding silver oxide and triethylamine, heating, introducing ammonia gas for ammoniation, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, and suction filtering to obtain filtrate;
(2) And cooling the filtrate to room temperature, adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring at room temperature, filtering, and drying the filter cake to obtain memantine hydrochloride.
The reaction equation is shown in formula I:
preferably, in the step (1), the temperature is 80-85 ℃ and the pressure is 0.5MPa when ammonia gas is introduced.
Preferably, in the step (1), the reaction time is 5 to 6 hours.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the halogenated dimethyl adamantane to the anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide=1:4.5-5.5.
Preferably, in the step (1), the molar ratio of the halogenated dimethyl adamantane to the triethylamine=1:1.0-1.1.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the halogenated dimethyl adamantane to the silver oxide is 1:0.01-0.05.
Preferably, in step (1), the halogenated dimethyladamantane is 1-chloro-3, 5-dimethyladamantane or 1-bromo-3, 5-dimethyladamantane.
Preferably, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the halogenated dimethyl adamantane to the concentrated hydrochloric acid=1:5-6, and the concentration of the concentrated hydrochloric acid is 35% -38%.
Preferably, in the step (2), the stirring time is 1h.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention provides a new method for preparing memantine hydrochloride, which avoids using reagents such as acetonitrile, diethyl ether and the like which have great harm to the environment and human bodies in a synthetic route, and the solvent used in the method is basically nontoxic, the raw materials are common, the toxicity is low, the price is low, and the production cost is low;
(2) The method has the advantages of short synthetic route, simple and easy operation by using the active catalyst, no need of purification, reduced operation steps, high product stability, no high pollution gas and byproducts in the production process, relative safety and environmental protection, and suitability for large-scale industrial production;
(3) The method has the advantages that the purity and the yield of the product are improved through the reaction temperature and the pressure and the used reagent when ammonia gas is introduced through a sieving gate, the reaction temperature is higher than 85 ℃, byproducts are increased, the reaction time is lower than 80 ℃, impurities are easy to generate when the pressure is higher than 0.5MPa, the reaction is slow or the reaction is not performed when the pressure is lower than 0.5MPa, and the yield and the purity of the final product are lower than those of the reagents used in the method. The total yield of the final product prepared by the method can reach more than 80 percent, and the purity can reach more than 98 percent.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples, wherein the concentration of concentrated hydrochloric acid used in the examples is 36%, and the details are not described in detail below.
Example 1
Anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide (995.5 g) and 1-chloro-3, 5-dimethyl adamantane (199 g) are added into an autoclave, silver oxide (2.13 g) and triethylamine (101.8 g) are added in a dark place, then the temperature is raised to 80 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 0.5MPa, ammonia gas is introduced for 5.5 hours, after the reaction is finished, the ammonia gas is stopped, the temperature is reduced, the suction filtration is carried out to obtain filtrate, concentrated hydrochloric acid (1000 g) is added after the filtrate is cooled, the suction filtration is carried out after the filtrate is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, 178g of memantine hydrochloride is obtained after the filter cake is dried, the yield is 82.4%, and the purity is 98.2%. The obtained product has a color state of white powder, and a melting point :292℃.1H-NMR(CDC13):0.85(s,6H),1.15(m,2H),1.26(q,J=12.5Hz,4H),1.65(d,J=11.5Hz,4H),1.85(s,2H),8.27(s,3H).
Example 2
Anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide (899.6 g) and 1-chloro-3, 5-dimethyl adamantane (199 g) are added into an autoclave, silver oxide (5.97 g) and triethylamine (110.9 g) are added in a dark place, then the temperature is raised to 85 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 0.5MPa, ammonia gas is introduced for reaction for 5 hours, after the reaction is finished, the ammonia gas is stopped, the temperature is reduced, suction filtration is carried out to obtain filtrate, concentrated hydrochloric acid (1095 g) is added after the filtrate is cooled, suction filtration is carried out after stirring at room temperature for 1 hour, and a filter cake is dried to obtain 181g of memantine hydrochloride, the yield is 83.9%, and the purity is 98.4%.
Example 3
Anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide (1091.2 g) and 1-chloro-3, 5-dimethyl adamantane (199 g) are added into an autoclave, silver oxide (9.91 g) and triethylamine (105.6 g) are added in a dark place, then the temperature is raised to 83 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 0.5MPa, ammonia gas is introduced for reaction for 6 hours, after the reaction is finished, the ammonia gas is stopped, the temperature is reduced, suction filtration is carried out to obtain filtrate, concentrated hydrochloric acid (1191 g) is added after the filtrate is cooled, suction filtration is carried out after stirring at room temperature for 1h, and 183g of memantine hydrochloride is obtained after the filter cake is dried, the yield is 84.8%, and the purity is 98.5%.
Example 4
Anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide (1095.4 g) and 1-bromo-3, 5-dimethyl adamantane (243 g) are added into an autoclave, silver oxide (3.25 g) and triethylamine (102.102 g) are added in a dark place, then the temperature is raised to 80 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 0.5MPa, ammonia gas is introduced for 5 hours, after the reaction is finished, the ammonia gas is stopped, the temperature is reduced, the suction filtration is carried out to obtain filtrate, concentrated hydrochloric acid (1220 g) is added after the filtrate is cooled, the suction filtration is carried out after the filtrate is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, 180g of memantine hydrochloride is obtained after the filter cake is dried, the yield is 83.4%, and the purity is 98.4%.
Example 5
Anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide (1331.2 g) and 1-bromo-3, 5-dimethyl adamantane (243 g) are added into an autoclave, silver oxide (11.92 g) and triethylamine (110.5 g) are added in a dark place, then the temperature is raised to 85 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 0.5MPa, ammonia gas is introduced for 6 hours, after the reaction is finished, the ammonia gas is stopped, the temperature is reduced, the suction filtration is carried out to obtain filtrate, concentrated hydrochloric acid (1450 g) is added after the filtrate is cooled, the suction filtration is carried out after the filtrate is stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, 177g of memantine hydrochloride is obtained after the filter cake is dried, the yield is 82.1%, and the purity is 98.3%.
Example 6
Anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide (1215.5 g) and 1-bromo-3, 5-dimethyl adamantane (243 g) are added into an autoclave, silver oxide (8.55 g) and triethylamine (105.9 g) are added in a dark place, then the temperature is raised to 82 ℃, the pressure is controlled to be 0.5MPa, ammonia gas is introduced for 5.5 hours, after the reaction is finished, the ammonia gas is stopped, the temperature is reduced, the filtrate is obtained by suction filtration, concentrated hydrochloric acid (1337 g) is added after the filtrate is cooled, the filtrate is stirred for 1 hour at room temperature, the suction filtration is carried out, the filter cake is dried, and 175g of memantine hydrochloride is obtained, the yield is 81.1%, and the purity is 98.1%.
Comparative example 1 temperature and pressure screening
1.1 Temperature screening
This comparative example provides a process for the preparation of memantine hydrochloride, which differs from example 1 in that the reaction temperature in example 1 is independently varied, and the other is the same as in example 1, and the product yield and purity are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 purity of product yield
In the whole experimental process, the reaction time is prolonged when the temperature is lower than 80 ℃, the yield is reduced, byproducts are increased when the temperature is higher than 85 ℃, the purity is influenced, and therefore, the optimal reaction temperature of memantine hydrochloride is 80-85 ℃.
1.2 Pressure screening
This comparative example provides a process for the preparation of memantine hydrochloride, which differs from example 1 in that the reaction pressure in example 1 is independently varied, and the other is the same as in example 1, and the product yield and purity are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 purity of product yield
In the whole experimental process, the pressure is lower than 0.5MPa, the reaction time can be prolonged even the reaction is not carried out, the temperature is higher than 0.5MPa, byproducts can be increased to influence the purity of the product, and therefore, the reaction pressure of the memantine hydrochloride is controlled to be 0.5MPa. Comparative example 2 screening of catalyst, acid-binding agent, reaction solvent
2.1 Screening of catalysts
This comparative example provides a process for the preparation of memantine hydrochloride, which differs from example 1 in that the type of catalyst used in example 1 is changed separately, and the other is the same as in example 1, and the product yield and purity are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 purity of product yield
2.2 Screening of acid binding Agents
This comparative example provides a process for the preparation of memantine hydrochloride, which differs from example 1 in that the type of acid binding agent used in example 1 is independently changed, and the other is the same as in example 1, and the yield and purity of the product are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 purity of product yield
2.3 Screening of reaction solvents
This comparative example provides a process for the preparation of memantine hydrochloride, which differs from example 1 in that the anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide as the reaction solvent in example 1 is replaced by dimethyl sulfoxide, and otherwise is identical to example 1, with a final product yield of 76.2% and a purity of 97.3%.
In conclusion, the change of the catalyst, the acid binding agent and the reaction solvent can reduce the yield of the product to a certain extent, generate impurities and influence the purity of the product. Therefore, the invention selects silver oxide as a catalyst, triethylamine as an acid binding agent and anhydrous N, N-dimethylformamide as a reaction solvent to prepare the memantine hydrochloride.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention is limited to only the above-described embodiments. Various substitutions and alterations are made according to the ordinary skill and familiar means of the art without departing from the technical spirit of the invention, and all such substitutions and alterations are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1.一种盐酸美金刚的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:1. A method for preparing memantine hydrochloride, characterized in that the specific steps are as follows: (1)卤代二甲基金刚烷溶于无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,再加入氧化银和三乙胺,升温通入氨气,开始反应,待反应完毕后降温抽滤得滤液;(1) Dissolve halogenated dimethyladamantane in anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide, add silver oxide and triethylamine, increase the temperature, introduce ammonia gas, start the reaction, and after the reaction is completed, cool and filter to obtain a filtrate; (2)滤液冷却后,加入浓盐酸,室温搅拌,抽滤,滤饼干燥得盐酸美金刚。(2) After the filtrate is cooled, concentrated hydrochloric acid is added, stirred at room temperature, filtered with suction, and the filter cake is dried to obtain memantine hydrochloride. 2.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸美金刚的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤(1)中,通入氨气时温度为80~85℃,压力为0.5MPa。2. The method for preparing memantine hydrochloride according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (1), the temperature is 80-85° C. and the pressure is 0.5 MPa when ammonia is introduced. 3.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸美金刚的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤(1)中,反应时间为5~6h。3. The method for preparing memantine hydrochloride according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (1), the reaction time is 5 to 6 hours. 4.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸美金刚的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,以质量比计,卤代二甲基金刚烷:无水N,N-二甲基甲酰胺=1:4.5~5.5。4. The method for preparing memantine hydrochloride according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (1), the mass ratio of halogenated dimethyladamantane to anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide is 1:4.5-5.5. 5.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸美金刚的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,以摩尔比计,卤代二甲基金刚烷:三乙胺=1:1.0~1.1。5. The method for preparing memantine hydrochloride according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (1), the molar ratio of halogenated dimethyladamantane to triethylamine is 1:1.0-1.1. 6.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸美金刚的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,以质量比计,卤代二甲基金刚烷:氧化银=1:0.01~0.05。6. The method for preparing memantine hydrochloride according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (1), the mass ratio of halogenated dimethyladamantane to silver oxide is 1:0.01-0.05. 7.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸美金刚的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤(1)中,所述卤代二甲基金刚烷为1-氯-3,5-二甲基金刚烷或1-溴-3,5-二甲基金刚烷。7. The method for preparing memantine hydrochloride according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (1), the halogenated dimethyladamantane is 1-chloro-3,5-dimethyladamantane or 1-bromo-3,5-dimethyladamantane. 8.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸美金刚的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中,以质量比计,卤代二甲基金刚烷:浓盐酸=1:5~6。8. The method for preparing memantine hydrochloride according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (2), the mass ratio of halogenated dimethyladamantane to concentrated hydrochloric acid is 1:5-6. 9.根据权利要求1所述的盐酸美金刚的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中,搅拌时间为1h。9. The method for preparing memantine hydrochloride according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (2), the stirring time is 1 h.
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CN106946713A (en) * 2017-03-13 2017-07-14 张家港九力新材料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of memantine

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CN109824518A (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-31 辽宁博美医药科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of memantine hydrochloride
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102942490A (en) * 2012-12-02 2013-02-27 陕西方舟制药有限公司 Synthesis of memantine hydrochloride
CN106946713A (en) * 2017-03-13 2017-07-14 张家港九力新材料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of memantine

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