CN116911492A - Digital twinning-based tourist highway landscape design evaluation method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tourism highway landscape design evaluation method and system based on digital twins, relates to the field of highway information technology, and is used to solve the problem in the existing technology that there is a lack of landscape design evaluation methods and tools suitable for tourism highways. Including: including the degree of serial connection of scenic spots, convenience of transfer, linear fit, ecological restoration, completeness of facilities, architectural coordination, landscape display, landscape durability, landscape pleasure, driving safety, induced recognition, theme There are 12 evaluation indicators for identification. The technical solution includes evaluation indicator selection and weighting, highway status data collection, design plan digital twin scene construction, environmental element dynamic evolution simulation, design plan evaluation experimental scene setting, different index evaluation experiment implementation, and experimental results. Analysis and output. The invention can realize quantitative and qualitative evaluation of tourist highway design plans and support the optimization of tourist highway landscape design plans.

Description

Tourism highway landscape design evaluation method and system based on digital twin

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of highway information technology, and in particular to a tourism highway landscape design evaluation method and system based on digital twins.

Background technique

Tourist highway is a special way of tourism based on highway culture. On the premise of meeting the technical standards of highway engineering, it carries out highway landscape design from aspects such as alignment, pavement, greening and protection, so that the originally monotonous highway can be integrated with nature. , creating a sightseeing corridor and thus forming a tourist feature. On the basis of meeting the functions of highway travel, tourist highways combine the natural scenery, cultural landscape and tourism resources along the route to bring about a double harvest of transportation and tourism. Tourist highways are transportation products that aim at pleasing people. The success of the design of highway landscapes, stations, observation decks, and slow-moving systems needs to be evaluated based on human perception. However, there is currently a lack of landscape design suitable for tourist highways. Evaluation methods and tools limit the scientific evaluation and large-scale promotion of the effects of tourist highway landscape design.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a more reliable evaluation method for tourism highway landscape design based on digital twins.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a digital twin-based tourism highway landscape design evaluation method and system to solve the problem of the lack of landscape design evaluation methods and tools suitable for tourism highways in the existing technology, which limits the scientific evaluation of the tourism highway landscape design effects. Problems with large-scale promotion.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

In the first aspect, the present invention provides a tourism highway landscape design evaluation method based on digital twins. The method includes:

Select multiple evaluation indicators from multiple dimensions to evaluate the landscape design scheme of the tourist highway to be evaluated; the multiple evaluation indicators at least include: scenic area seriality, transfer convenience, linear fit, ecological restoration, and facility completeness , construction coordination, landscape display, landscape durability, landscape pleasure, driving safety, induced recognition, and theme recognition;

Build a digital twin scene model based on the acquired tourist highway data of the tourist highway to be evaluated;

In the constructed digital twin scene model, based on the parametric model of the preset landscape elements, the dynamic evolution of each environmental element in the digital twin scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated is carried out;

For multiple evaluation indicators, select a test scenario corresponding to each evaluation indicator in the digital twin scene model, and complete an evaluation experiment of the corresponding indicator in each experimental scenario to obtain evaluation indicator experimental results;

The evaluation index experimental results are weighted and calculated to obtain the landscape design evaluation results of the tourist highway to be evaluated.

Compared with the existing technology, the digital twin-based tourism highway landscape design evaluation method provided by the present invention selects from multiple dimensions the degree of serial connection of scenic spots, convenience of transfers, and linear fit for evaluating the landscape design scheme of the tourism highway to be evaluated. Degree, ecological restoration, facility completeness, architectural coordination, landscape display, landscape durability, landscape pleasure, driving safety, induced recognition and theme recognition are multiple evaluation indicators; based on the obtained tourist highways to be evaluated A digital twin scene model is constructed based on the tourist highway data; in the constructed digital twin scene model, based on the parameterized model of the preset landscape elements, the dynamic evolution of each environmental element in the digital twin scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated is carried out; for multiple For each evaluation index, select the test scene corresponding to each evaluation index in the digital twin scene model, and complete the evaluation experiment of the corresponding index in each experimental scene to obtain the evaluation index experimental results; perform a weighted calculation on the evaluation index experimental results, and obtain The evaluation results of the landscape design of the tourist highway to be evaluated. By constructing a digital twin scene model of the tourist highway, the present invention supports different design plans, visual presentation of environmental elements, dynamic evolution and virtual reality perception in the digital twin scene model, implements the evaluation of different tourist highway landscape design plans, and realizes the realization of tourist highways. The quantitative and qualitative evaluation of design plans forms methods and tools for the evaluation of tourist highway landscape design plans, and supports the optimization of tourist highway landscape design plans.

In the second aspect, the present invention provides a tourism highway landscape design evaluation system based on digital twins. The system includes:

The scene loading module is used to load the digital twin scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated, and integrate multi-source business and perception data;

The experimental design module is used to configure the elements, scenarios, parameters and perception methods that different evaluation indicators focus on;

The dynamic evolution module is used to perform evolution simulations of environmental elements changing over time in the digital twin scene model, and is used to perform index evaluation of landscape persistence;

The electronic sand table module is used to provide electronic sand table viewing functions for the entire tourist highway, provide global viewing and interactive viewing functions in three-dimensional space, and is used to perform index evaluation of the serial connection of scenic spots and the convenience of transfers;

The virtual driving module is used to provide driver perception experiment functions from the driver's first perspective under dynamic visual conditions of driving at a set speed limit, and is used to implement facility perfection, landscape display, architectural coordination, landscape pleasantness, and driving Evaluation of seven indicators including sense of security, induced recognition and theme recognition;

The virtual flight module is used to provide mesoscopic flight and overhead viewing perspectives at a set altitude and set speed, and is used to evaluate two mesoscopic indicators: linear fit and ecological restoration;

The virtual riding module is used to provide the immersive perception experiment function of virtual bicycle riding, and is used to evaluate the construction coordination of bicycle lanes and ancillary facilities in the construction coordination index;

The virtual walking module is used to provide tourists with walking perspectives and natural interaction experiments for immersive scene perception experiments, and is used to evaluate the coordination of walking paths and ancillary facilities in the structure coordination index;

The panoramic perception module is used to provide tourists with the perceptual experiment function of immersive panoramic viewing. Through the collection of panoramic data at different elevations, panoramic images and videos of different heights are formed. The immersive viewing of panoramic images and videos is carried out through VR helmets for execution. Evaluation of the rationality of the setting of the observation deck in the construction of coordination indicators;

The result analysis module is used to perform the calculation and analysis of multiple evaluation indicators, output the evaluation scores of each indicator, the total score of the weighted sum, and optimization and improvement suggestions for each indicator.

The technical effect achieved by the system solution provided by the second aspect is the same as that of the method solution provided by the first aspect, and will not be described again here.

Description of the drawings

The drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:

Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the tourism highway landscape design evaluation method based on digital twins provided by the present invention;

Figure 2 is a tourism highway landscape design evaluation index and relationship diagram provided by the present invention;

Figure 3 is an implementation relationship diagram of different evaluation indicators provided by the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the elements involved in constructing the coordination index and its evaluation implementation process provided by the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the tourism highway landscape design evaluation system based on digital twins provided by the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same or similar items with basically the same functions and effects. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are only used to distinguish different thresholds, and their order is not limited. Those skilled in the art can understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the number and execution order, and words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the number and execution order.

It should be noted that in the present invention, words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described in the invention as "exemplary" or "such as" is not intended to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the words "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner.

In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And/or" describes the association of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions thereof refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (items) or a plurality of items (items). For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, the combination of a and b, the combination of a and c, the combination of b and c, or the combination of a, b and c Combination, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

In the digital twin-based tourism highway landscape design evaluation method provided by the present invention, a digital twin scene of the tourism highway is constructed. In the digital twin scene, through dynamic evolution and virtual reality perception, the evaluation and optimization of different tourism highway landscape design plans are realized. . Next, the solutions provided by the embodiments of this specification will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

As shown in Figure 1, the process can include the following steps:

Step 110: Select multiple evaluation indicators from multiple dimensions for evaluating the landscape design plan of the tourist highway to be evaluated.

A plurality of the evaluation indicators include at least: scenic area connection, transfer convenience, linear fit, ecological restoration, facility completeness, architectural coordination, landscape display, landscape durability, landscape pleasure, driving safety, Induction recognition and theme recognition; these 12 evaluation indicators can all be described qualitatively in a quantitative way.

Step 120: Build a digital twin scene model based on the obtained tourism highway data of the tourism highway to be evaluated.

When collecting highway status data, UAV oblique photography, panoramic cameras and other collection equipment are used to obtain the status data of the tourist highway to be evaluated, forming a data basis for the construction of digital twin scenarios.

When constructing the digital twin scenario of the design plan, based on the collected data, for the tourist highway in operation, the digital twin scenario model of the tourist highway can be constructed directly based on the current data; for the proposed tourist highway, based on the current scenario modeling, a tourism highway digital twin scenario model can be constructed. The highway design BIM model integrates the project status model and the design BIM model to form a digital twin scene model of the tourist highway.

Step 130: In the constructed digital twin scene model, based on the parameterized model of the preset landscape elements, perform the dynamic evolution of each environmental element in the digital twin scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated.

When simulating the dynamic evolution of environmental elements, in the constructed digital twin scene of the tourist highway, based on the parametric model of landscape elements such as slopes and roadside greening, the seasonal changes of the green plant elements in the digital twin scene of the tourist highway are realized and supported. The dynamic evolution of environmental factors such as climate, weather, and lighting.

Step 140: For multiple evaluation indicators, select the test scenario corresponding to each evaluation indicator in the digital twin scene model, and complete the evaluation experiment of the corresponding indicator in each experimental scenario to obtain the evaluation indicator experimental results. .

Step 150: Perform weighted calculation on the evaluation index experimental results to obtain the landscape design evaluation results of the tourist highway to be evaluated.

In the constructed digital twin scenario, select the experimental scenario corresponding to each indicator evaluation, and set the experimental scenario, experimental content, and experimental parameters required for the corresponding indicator evaluation.

Implement evaluation experiments with different indicators. In the constructed digital twin scene, the set experimental scenes were used to comprehensively adopt experimental methods such as electronic sandbox, virtual driving, virtual flying, virtual riding, virtual walking, and panoramic sensing to complete the evaluation experiment on 12 evaluation indicators.

The obtained experimental results of the 12 evaluation indicators are weighted and calculated to obtain the evaluation results of the tourist highway to be evaluated; the evaluation results and gaps of each sub-index are analyzed, and optimization suggestions for the landscape design of the tourist highway to be evaluated are given.

The method in Figure 1 is used to evaluate the landscape design plan of the tourist highway to be evaluated by selecting from multiple dimensions the degree of scenic area connection, convenience of transfer, linear fit, ecological restoration, facility completeness, construction coordination, and landscape display. There are multiple evaluation indicators such as landscape durability, landscape pleasantness, driving safety, induced legibility and theme recognition; a digital twin scene model is constructed based on the acquired tourist highway data of the tourist highway to be evaluated; after constructing the digital twin In the scene model, based on the parametric model of preset landscape elements, the dynamic evolution of each environmental element in the digital twin scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated is carried out; for multiple evaluation indicators, the corresponding evaluation index is selected in the digital twin scene model Test scenarios, and complete the evaluation experiments of corresponding indicators in each experimental scenario to obtain the evaluation index experimental results; perform weighted calculations on the evaluation index experimental results to obtain the landscape design evaluation results of the tourist highway to be evaluated. By constructing a digital twin scene model of the tourist highway, the present invention supports different design plans, visual presentation of environmental elements, dynamic evolution and virtual reality perception in the digital twin scene model, implements the evaluation of different tourist highway landscape design plans, and realizes the realization of tourist highways. The quantitative and qualitative evaluation of design plans forms methods and tools for the evaluation of tourist highway landscape design plans, and supports the optimization of tourist highway landscape design plans.

Based on the method in Figure 1, the embodiments of this specification also provide some specific implementations of the method, which will be described below.

Table 1 - Relationship mapping table of evaluation dimensions, focus elements, evaluation indicators and implementation methods

As shown in Table 1 and Figure 2, multiple evaluation indicators for evaluating the landscape design scheme of the tourist highway to be evaluated are selected from multiple dimensions, specifically including:

Select multiple evaluation indicators for evaluating the landscape design scheme of the tourist highway to be evaluated from the three dimensions of space, time and users; do not select indicators consistent with ordinary highway design such as speed limit, road width, number of lanes and other parameters;

A digital twin scene model is constructed based on the acquired tourist highway data of the tourist highway to be evaluated, which may include:

Use image acquisition equipment to obtain current status data of tourist roads to be evaluated;

When the tourist highway to be evaluated is an in-service tourist highway, a digital twin scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated is constructed based on the current situation data;

When the tourist highway to be evaluated is a proposed tourist highway, a BIM model of the tourist highway design plan is constructed based on the existing current scenario modeling, and the current status model of the project and the design plan BIM model are integrated to form a digital twin of the road to be visited. Scene model.

Taking the 12 evaluation indicators proposed above as an example, the value range of each indicator is [0,100]. The purpose and calculation method of each indicator are as follows:

(1) Scenic area connection degree: used to evaluate the degree of connection between tourist highway design plans and important scenic spots along the route, and to guide and improve the connection degree of tourist highways to surrounding important scenic spots. The calculation method is: (number of important scenic spots connected along the line/total number of important scenic spots along the line)*100.

(2) Transfer convenience: used to evaluate the convenience of public transportation transfers at transportation hubs around tourist highways. The calculation method is: (number of hubs along the line that can be connected by public transportation/total number of transportation hubs along the line)*100.

(3) Linear fit: used to evaluate whether the road alignment is smooth and consistent with the original natural topography. Using a qualitative-to-quantitative evaluation method, the scoring items are: {completely consistent, relatively consistent, consistent, relatively inconsistent, completely inconsistent}, and the corresponding values are {100, 80, 60, 40, 20}.

(4) Ecological recovery degree: used to evaluate the vegetation recovery and ecological protection along the highway, guiding maximum protection, minimum damage, and maximum restoration of the natural environment. A point deduction system is adopted, with a total score of 100 points. 5 points will be deducted for each ecologically damaged scene that has not been restored, until all points are deducted.

(5) Facility completeness: used to evaluate whether the ancillary facilities, traffic induction facilities, and tourism service facilities of tourist highways are complete. Using the qualitative to quantitative evaluation method, the scoring items are: {very perfect, relatively perfect, perfect, relatively imperfect, very imperfect}, and the corresponding values are {100,80,60,40,20}.

(6) Structural coordination: Used to evaluate whether slopes, retaining walls, viewing platforms, roadside greening, guardrails, sound barriers, bridges, tunnel openings, parking areas, bicycle lanes, trails and other structures are coordinated with the surrounding environment. Encourage The concealment and nature of the structure guide the integration of the road scene into the landscape design. A point deduction system is adopted, with a total score of 100 points. 5 points will be deducted for each uncoordinated scene of a structure, until all points are deducted.

(7) Landscape display degree: used to evaluate whether the tourist highway design plan can display important landscapes or scenery along the route, advocate that the natural scenery is not blocked, and present a large area of good road sections with off-road landscapes, such as road sections distributed along the way, Eliminate tree planting, weaken the visual sense of cutting along the roadside greening, make it transparent and open, introduce surrounding landscape elements into the highway, and make the highway a corridor for enjoying the beautiful scenery along the way. Using a qualitative-to-quantitative evaluation method, the scoring items are: {very good display, good display, average display, poor display, very poor display}, and the corresponding values are {100, 80, 60, 40,20}.

(8) Landscape persistence: used to evaluate the maintenance degree of landscape green plants such as slope green plants, trees, roadside greening, and green plant separation strips with the changes of the seasons. Avoid using green plants or flowers with short flowering periods and difficult maintenance. A point deduction system is adopted, with a total score of 100 points. 5 points will be deducted for each unreasonable green plant design, until all points are deducted.

(9) Landscape pleasantness: used to evaluate the visual comfort and aesthetics of the driver or passengers under the dynamic visual conditions of vehicle driving. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods, the scoring items are: {very pleasant, relatively pleasant, pleasant, relatively unpleasant, very unpleasant}, and the corresponding values are {100, 80, 60, 40, 20}.

(10) Driving safety: used to evaluate the driver's subjective perception of driving safety under dynamic visual conditions of vehicle driving. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods, the scoring items are: {very safe, relatively safe, safe, relatively unsafe, very unsafe}, and the corresponding values are {100, 80, 60, 40, 20}.

(11) Induction legibility: Used to evaluate the clarity of signs, markings, and signboards and the effectiveness of induction by drivers under dynamic visual conditions of vehicle driving. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods, the scoring items are: {very effective, relatively effective, effective, somewhat ineffective, ineffective}, and the corresponding values are {100, 80, 60, 40, 20}.

(12) Theme recognition: used to evaluate the driver's recognition of the cultural connotation of tourist highways and local characteristic cultural design themes under dynamic visual conditions of vehicle driving. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods, 10 candidate subject words are given, and two of them are selected as the subject to be evaluated. All two items are correct and 100 points are awarded. Only one item is awarded and 50 points are awarded. None of the two items are incorrect. Score 0 points.

The expert scoring method or historical data is used to automatically determine the index weight. The 12 indicators to be evaluated are weighted, and the total weight is 1. The weighting results of multiple experts are counted, and the average of each indicator weight is the indicator. weight value.

The specific process of "evaluation index selection and empowerment" is:

(1) Select tourism highway landscape design evaluation indicators from the three dimensions of space, time and users. Do not select indicators consistent with ordinary highway design such as speed limit, road width, number of lanes and other parameters.

(2) The spatial dimension is divided into three subdivision dimensions: macro, meso and micro. The macro dimension includes the two indicators of "scenic area connectivity" and "transfer convenience"; the meso dimension includes "linear fit" and There are two indicators of "ecological restoration degree"; the micro dimension includes three indicators of "facility completeness, construction coordination, and landscape display degree".

(3) The time dimension index is "landscape persistence", which mainly evaluates the seasonal changes of vegetation.

(4) The user dimension includes the subjective evaluation indicators from the driver's first perspective in the four dimensions of "landscape pleasure, driving safety, induced recognition, and theme recognition."

(5) The value range of each indicator is [0,100].

(6) Use the expert scoring method to determine the index weight. For the 12 indicators to be evaluated, let different experts weight the 12 indicators respectively, with a total weight of 1. Statistics on the weighting results of multiple experts, find each The average of the indicator weights is the weight value of the indicator.

For tourist highways that have been built, use data collected by drone oblique photography and panoramic cameras to build a three-dimensional scene model of the current status of the tourist highway, and form a digital twin model of the infrastructure of the tourist highway to be evaluated;

For newly built or proposed tourist highways, technologies such as drone oblique photography reconstruction, panoramic camera data collection and release, and design solution BIM modeling are used to build and integrate infrastructure digital twin scene models; for newly built or proposed tourist highways, Use the data collected by drone oblique photography and panoramic cameras to build a current environmental scene model of the area where the tourist highway is located; build a BIM model of the highway infrastructure, ancillary facilities, landscape elements and other objects to be evaluated based on the tourist highway design drawings; three-dimensional fusion The current environmental scenario model and the BIM model of the design elements form the basis of the infrastructure digital twin model of the tourism highway design plan to be evaluated;

Based on the construction of a digital twin model of the infrastructure of the tourist highway to be evaluated, data such as important scenic spots, transportation hubs, bus line design, main vegetation seasonal change data, historical weather, historical or predicted traffic flow and other data along the tourist highway are gathered and integrated to form a Digital twin scenarios including infrastructure, traffic operations, environmental changes and other elements support the dynamic evolution of infrastructure, traffic operations, and dynamic environments in digital twin scenarios.

When setting up the design plan evaluation experiment scenario, analyze the elements and characteristics of the 12 evaluation indicators. In the digital twin scenario of the tourist highway to be evaluated, select the scene or object involved in the evaluation experiment for each indicator; for each evaluation indicator, The experimental method, experimental parameters and subjective evaluation questionnaire content are set in the digital twin scene involved; the experimental observer's perspective, scene dynamic evolution model parameters, virtual driving speed and other parameters required for experimental execution are set.

As shown in Figure 3-4, when implementing different index evaluation experiments, electronic sandbox, virtual flight, dynamic evolution, virtual driving, virtual riding, virtual walking, panoramic perception, etc. are used in the constructed and set digital twin experimental scenarios. Experimental methods allow users to immersively perform evaluation operations on landscape design plans, specifically:

For the spatial dimension macro-evaluation indicators "scenic area connectivity" and "transfer convenience", the electronic sand table perception method is used for experimental evaluation, combined with the convergence and integration of important scenic spots, transportation hubs, public transportation line design and transfer information along the line, Realize the evaluation and calculation of macro indicators.

For the spatial-dimensional mesoscopic evaluation indicators "linear fit" and "ecological restoration degree", the virtual flight perception method is used for experimental evaluation, providing a mesoscopic flight perspective to view the linear shape of the line and the ecological restoration along the line, and implement the Evaluation and calculation of meso-level indicators.

For the spatial dimension micro-evaluation indicators "facility completeness" and "landscape display degree", the virtual driving perception method is used for experimental evaluation, providing the driver with dynamic visual conditions under a certain speed limit to determine whether the tourism service facilities are complete and along the route. Evaluation methods for the display of natural scenery, and implement the evaluation and calculation of these two indicators.

For the micro-evaluation index "construction coordination" of the spatial dimension, four combination methods of virtual driving, virtual riding, virtual walking and panoramic perception are used for comprehensive evaluation. For slopes, retaining walls, roadside greening, guardrails, sound Barriers, landscape bridges, tunnel openings, parking areas and other structures are evaluated using virtual driving. Bicycle paths are evaluated using virtual riding. Trails and ancillary facilities are evaluated using virtual walking. Observation decks are evaluated using virtual walking. The evaluation is based on panoramic perception. The full score is 100 points. If an uncoordinated structure is found, 5 points will be deducted until 0 points are reached.

For the time-dimensional "landscape persistence" index, the dynamic evolution function in the digital twin scene is used for perception evaluation. Based on the historical data of seasonal changes in green plants and flowers, the dynamic evolution of the green plant landscape is displayed in the digital twin scene. , providing users with a comprehensive evaluation method of qualitative perception and quantitative green plant retention time, and implementing the evaluation and calculation of time dimension indicators.

For the user dimension, "landscape pleasure", "driving safety", "induced recognition" and "theme recognition" are all subjective evaluation indicators. The experiment was conducted using the evaluation method under virtual driving dynamic visual conditions, combined with physiological Human factors analysis experimental devices such as sensors and eye trackers realize indicator evaluation that combines real quantity and qualitative indicators, and implement the evaluation and calculation of user-dimensional indicators.

For user dimensions, "landscape pleasure", "driving safety", "induced recognition" and "theme recognition" are all subjective evaluation indicators. The experiment was conducted using the evaluation method under virtual driving dynamic visual conditions, combined with physiological sensors. and eye trackers and other human factors analysis experimental devices to achieve index evaluation that combines real quantity and qualitative aspects." Specifically:

The virtual driving and physiological sensor monitoring methods were used to evaluate the "landscape pleasantness" index. A landscape pleasantness questionnaire was conducted under virtual driving dynamic visual conditions to obtain the landscape pleasantness index questionnaire score results. The user physiological index monitoring results during the experiment were analyzed. If the index change matches the pleasure, set the physiological monitoring weight to 1. If the indicator change is not obvious, set the physiological monitoring weight to 0.8. The final score of this indicator is: the corresponding value of the landscape pleasure questionnaire result × physiological monitoring weight.

Use virtual driving and physiological sensor monitoring methods to evaluate the "driving sense of security" index, conduct a driving sense of safety questionnaire under virtual driving dynamic visual conditions, obtain the calculation results of the driving sense of safety index, and analyze the user physiological index monitoring results during the experiment. If If the index change matches the safety result, set the physiological monitoring weight to 1. If the index change is not obvious, set the physiological monitoring weight to 0.8. The final score of this indicator is: the corresponding value of the driving safety questionnaire result × physiological monitoring weight.

The virtual driving and eye tracker attention monitoring methods were used to evaluate the "induced recognition" index, and a questionnaire survey on induced recognition was conducted under the dynamic visual conditions of virtual driving to obtain the calculation results of the induced recognition index and analyze the eye tracker data. Correlation with the evaluation results. If the eye movement changes are positively correlated with the location of the induction facility, set the eye movement monitoring weight to 1. If there is no positive correlation between the eye movement changes and the location of the induction facility, set the eye movement monitoring weight to 0.8. The final score of this indicator It is: the corresponding value of the induced recognition questionnaire results × eye movement monitoring weight.

Use virtual driving and eye tracker attention monitoring methods to evaluate the "topic recognition" index, conduct a topic recognition questionnaire survey under virtual driving dynamic visual conditions, obtain the calculation results of the theme recognition index, and analyze the eye tracker data and theme settings The correlation degree of key points. If the eye movement changes are positively correlated with the key points set by the theme, set the eye movement monitoring weight to 1. If the eye movement changes have no positive correlation with the key points set by the theme, set the eye movement monitoring weight to 0.8. The final score of this indicator is: the corresponding value of the subject recognition questionnaire result × eye movement monitoring weight.

Based on the same idea, the present invention also provides a tourism highway landscape design evaluation system based on digital twins. As shown in Figure 5, the system may include:

The scene loading module 501 is used to load the digital twin scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated, and integrate multi-source business and perception data;

The experimental design module 502 is used to configure the elements, scenarios, parameters and perception methods that different evaluation indicators focus on;

The dynamic evolution module 503 is used to perform evolution simulation of environmental elements changing over time in the digital twin scene model, and to perform index evaluation of landscape persistence;

The electronic sand table module 504 is used to provide electronic sand table viewing functions for the entire tourist highway, provide global viewing from a God's perspective and interactive viewing functions in three-dimensional space, and is used to perform "scenic spot serial connection" and "transfer convenience" index evaluation;

The virtual driving module 505 is used to provide a driver perception experiment function from the driver's first perspective under dynamic visual conditions of driving at a certain speed limit. The user can control the start and stop, acceleration and deceleration, perspective viewing and other operations of the vehicle through the driving simulator. Used to perform the evaluation of 7 indicators: "facility completeness, landscape display, architectural coordination, landscape pleasure, driving safety, induction recognition, and theme recognition";

The virtual flight module 506 is used to provide a mesoscopic flight and overhead viewing perspective at a certain height and speed, and supports the user to realize pitch angle changes, speed changes, direction changes and other operations through handle control, and is used to perform "linear fit" Evaluation of two meso-level indicators: ", ecological restoration degree";

The virtual riding module 507 is used to provide the immersive perception experiment function of virtual bicycle riding, supports acceleration and deceleration, start and stop, free perspective viewing and other riding functions, and is used to implement bicycle lanes and ancillary facilities in the "Building Coordination" indicator. Construct an assessment of coordination;

The virtual walking module 508 is used to provide visitors with the walking perspective and natural interaction test to conduct immersive scene perception experiment functions, supports natural walking, free perspective viewing and other operations, and is used to perform the coordination of walking paths and ancillary facilities in the "structure coordination" indicator. sexual evaluation;

The panoramic perception module 509 is used to provide tourists with the perceptual experiment function of immersive panoramic viewing. Through the collection of panoramic data at different altitudes, panoramic images and videos of different heights are formed, and the immersive viewing of panoramic images and videos is carried out through VR helmets. Implement the evaluation of the rationality of the setting of the observation deck in the "Building Coordination" indicator;

The result analysis module 510 is used to perform calculation and analysis of 12 evaluation indicators, output the evaluation scores of each indicator, the total score of the weighted sum, and optimization and improvement suggestions for each indicator, providing a reference for the optimization of the landscape design plan.

(1) An evaluation index system is proposed to evaluate the effect of tourist highway landscape design from three dimensions: space, time and users. The spatial dimension is divided into three levels: macro, meso and micro, focusing on tourist highways and ordinary highways. The differences in design include the degree of serial connection of scenic spots, convenience of transfer, linear fit, ecological restoration, completeness of facilities, architectural coordination, landscape display, landscape durability, landscape pleasure, driving safety, and induced awareness. It uses 12 evaluation indicators of recognition and theme recognition to achieve a comprehensive scientific evaluation of tourism highway design plans.

(2) Propose a digital twin-based tourism highway landscape design evaluation method to reproduce or preview the tourism highway design scheme in the digital twin scenario, support dynamic changes in environment, traffic operations, roadside greening and other elements, and achieve different indicators Visual presentation and evaluation.

(3) Propose a perceptual evaluation method for tourist highway landscape design plans that integrates six perception methods: electronic sand table, virtual driving, virtual flying, virtual riding, virtual walking, and panoramic sensing. It combines eye trackers, physiological monitoring sensors, etc. Due to the allocation of equipment for the project, the evaluation of 12 indicators is implemented in a qualitative and quantitative way.

(4) Design and implement a digital twin tourist highway landscape that includes 10 functional modules: scene loading, experimental design, dynamic evolution, electronic sandbox, virtual driving, virtual flight, virtual riding, virtual walking, panoramic perception, and result analysis. Design evaluation system to support the implementation of tourism highway landscape design evaluation methods based on digital twins.

In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are executed in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a terminal, a user equipment, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits via wired or wireless means to another website site, computer, server, or data center. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media, such as floppy disks, hard disks, and magnetic tapes; they may also be optical media, such as digital video discs (DVDs); they may also be semiconductor media, such as solid state drives (solid state drives). , SSD).

Although the present invention has been described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, those skilled in the art can understand and implement the disclosure in practicing the claimed invention by reviewing the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. Other variations of the embodiment. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may perform several of the functions recited in the claims. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not mean that a combination of these measures cannot be combined to advantageous effects.

Although the invention has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it will be apparent that various modifications and combinations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are intended to be illustrative only of the invention as defined by the appended claims and are to be construed to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In this way, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. The digital twinning-based tourist highway landscape design evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

selecting a plurality of evaluation indexes for evaluating the landscape design scheme of the tourist highway to be evaluated from multiple dimensions; the plurality of evaluation indexes include at least: scenic spot tandem degree, transfer convenience degree, linear fit degree, ecological restoration degree, facility integrity, construction coordination, landscape display degree, landscape durability, landscape pleasure degree, driving safety feeling, induced recognition and theme recognition degree;

constructing a digital twin scene model based on acquired tourist highway data of the to-be-evaluated tourist highway;

in the constructed digital twin scene model, carrying out dynamic evolution of each environment element in the digital twin scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated based on a parameterized model of a preset landscape element;

aiming at a plurality of evaluation indexes, selecting a test scene corresponding to each evaluation index in the digital twin scene model, and completing an evaluation experiment of the corresponding index in each test scene to obtain an evaluation index experimental result;

and carrying out weighted calculation on the evaluation index experimental result to obtain a landscape design evaluation result of the tourist highway to be evaluated.

2. The digital twinning-based tourist highway landscape design evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the selecting a plurality of evaluation indexes for evaluating the landscape design scheme of the tourist highway to be evaluated from the multi-dimension comprises:

selecting a plurality of evaluation indexes for evaluating the landscape design scheme of the tourist highway to be evaluated from three dimensions of space, time and users;

constructing a digital twin scene model based on acquired tourist highway data of the to-be-evaluated tourist highway, which specifically comprises the following steps:

acquiring current situation data of the tourist highway to be evaluated by using image acquisition equipment;

when the to-be-evaluated tourist highway is an in-service tourist highway, constructing a digital twin scene model of the to-be-evaluated tourist highway based on the current situation data;

when the to-be-evaluated tourist highway is a to-be-constructed tourist highway, on the basis of the existing current scene modeling, a tourist highway design scheme BIM model is constructed, and the engineering current model and the design scheme BIM model are fused to form a digital twin scene model of the to-be-travelled highway.

3. The digital twinning-based tourist highway landscape design evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein in the constructed digital twinning scene model, dynamic evolution of each environmental element in the digital twinning scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated is performed based on a parameterized model of preset landscape elements, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

In the digital twin scene model, based on a parameterized model of landscape elements, the seasonal variation of green plant elements in the digital twin scene of the tourist highway to be evaluated is realized, and the dynamic evolution of environmental elements is carried out; the environmental elements include at least climate, weather and illumination; the landscape element at least comprises slope greening and road side greening.

4. The digital twinning-based tourist highway landscape design evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein for a plurality of evaluation indexes, selecting a test scene corresponding to each evaluation index in the digital twinning scene model, and completing an evaluation experiment of the corresponding index in each test scene to obtain an evaluation index experimental result, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:

respectively selecting an experimental scene and an experimental object corresponding to each evaluation index from the digital twin scene model;

setting experimental data and parameters required by experimental execution in the digital twin scene model corresponding to each evaluation index; the experimental data at least comprises experimental modes, experimental parameters and subjective evaluation questionnaire contents; the parameters required by the experiment execution at least comprise an experiment observer view angle, a scene dynamic evolution model parameter and a virtual driving speed;

In the constructed digital twin scene, using an experimental scene corresponding to each evaluation index, and adopting a corresponding experimental means to complete an evaluation experiment on a plurality of evaluation indexes to obtain an evaluation index experimental result corresponding to each evaluation index; the experimental means include electronic sand tables, virtual driving, virtual flying, virtual riding, virtual walking and/or panoramic perception.

5. The digital twinning-based travel highway landscape design evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the value range of each evaluation index in the plurality of evaluation indexes is 0-100;

determining the scenic spot serial connection degree according to the ratio between the number of the important scenic spots communicated along the line and the total amount of the important scenic spots along the line; the scenic spot serial connection degree is used for evaluating the serial connection degree of scenic design scheme of the tourist highway to be evaluated on important scenic spots along the line; determining transfer convenience according to the ratio between the number of the junctions capable of adopting public transportation communication along the line and the total amount of the transportation junctions along the line; the transfer convenience is used for evaluating the convenience of the transfer of public transportation of the transportation hub around the tourist highway;

the linear fitness is used for evaluating the smoothness of the road alignment and the fitness with the original natural topography; the ecological restoration degree is used for evaluating vegetation restoration and ecological protection conditions along the highway; the facility perfection is used for evaluating the perfection of various facilities of the tourist highway; the facilities comprise subsidiary facilities of tourist highways, traffic guidance facilities and tourist service facilities; the construction coordination is used for evaluating the coordination of the structure and the surrounding environment; the structures comprise side slopes, retaining walls, viewing platforms, road side greening, guardrails, sound barriers, bridges, tunnel openings, parking areas, bike ways and walkways;

The landscape display is used for determining the display of important landscapes or sceneries along the line of the landscape design scheme of the tourist highway to be evaluated; the landscape durability is used for evaluating the maintenance degree of landscape green plants along with the change of four seasons, and the landscape green plants comprise side slope green plants, arbor, road side greening and green plant separation zones; the landscape pleasure is used for evaluating visual comfort and aesthetic feeling of a driver or a passenger under dynamic visual conditions of vehicle running; the driving safety feeling is used for evaluating the subjective perception degree of driving safety of a driver under the dynamic visual condition of vehicle driving;

the induced recognition is used for evaluating the definition degree and the induced effectiveness of marks, graticules and signs of a driver under the dynamic visual condition of vehicle running; the theme identification is used for evaluating the identification degree of the driver on the design theme of the tourist highway under the dynamic visual condition of vehicle driving.

6. The digital twinning-based travel road landscape design evaluation method according to claim 2, wherein the selecting a plurality of evaluation indexes for evaluating the travel road landscape design from three dimensions of space, time and user specifically comprises:

selecting a tourist highway landscape design evaluation index from the space dimension, the time dimension and the user dimension; the space dimension is divided into a macroscopic dimension, a mesoscopic dimension and a microscopic dimension, wherein the macroscopic dimension comprises two evaluation indexes of scenic spot serial connection degree and transfer convenience degree; the mesoscopic dimension comprises two evaluation indexes of linear fitness and ecological restoration degree; the microscopic dimension comprises three evaluation indexes of facility perfection, construction coordination and landscape display; the evaluation index of the time dimension is landscape durability; the user dimension comprises four evaluation indexes of landscape pleasure, driving safety feeling, induced recognition and theme recognition;

After selecting a plurality of evaluation indexes for evaluating the tourist highway landscape design scheme from three dimensions of space, time and users, the method further comprises the following steps:

and determining the weight of each evaluation index, and giving weight to each evaluation index.

7. The digital twin-based tourist highway landscape design evaluation method according to claim 2, wherein for the in-service tourist highway, acquiring current data of the tourist highway to be evaluated by using unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography and a panoramic camera, constructing a three-dimensional scene model of the current state of the tourist highway to be evaluated, and forming a digital twin scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated;

for the to-be-built tourist highway, constructing and fusing a digital twin scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated by using an unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography reconstruction technology, a panoramic camera data acquisition and release technology and a design scheme BIM modeling technology; constructing a current environment scene model of the area where the tourist highway is located by utilizing data acquired by unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography and panoramic cameras; constructing BIM models corresponding to highway infrastructure to be evaluated, auxiliary facilities and landscapes based on the tourist highway design drawing; three-dimensionally fusing the current environmental scene model and the BIM model of the design element to form a digital twin scene model of the highway to be travelled;

On the basis of the digital twin scene model of the highway to be travelled, gathering and fusing important scenic spots, traffic junctions, bus line designs, main vegetation seasonal change data and historical weather, historical or predicted vehicle flow data along the highway to be travelled to form a digital twin scene model comprising preset elements, and supporting dynamic evolution deduction of infrastructure, traffic operation and dynamic environment in the digital twin scene model; the preset elements include infrastructure, traffic operation, and environmental changes.

8. The digital twinning-based travel highway landscape design evaluation method according to claim 5, wherein determining the weight of each evaluation index and weighting each evaluation index specifically comprises:

for the landscape pleasure degree, determining a landscape pleasure degree index questionnaire scoring result under a virtual driving dynamic visual condition, and analyzing a user physiological index monitoring result in the experimental process; if the index change is matched with the pleasure degree, setting the physiological monitoring weight as 1, otherwise, setting the physiological monitoring weight as 0.8, wherein the landscape pleasure degree score is the product of the corresponding value of the landscape pleasure degree questionnaire investigation result and the physiological monitoring weight;

For the driving safety feeling, a driving safety feeling index calculation result is obtained under a virtual driving dynamic visual condition, a user physiological index monitoring result in the experimental process is analyzed, if index change is matched with the safety feeling result, a physiological monitoring weight is set to be 1, otherwise, the physiological monitoring weight is set to be 0.8, and the driving safety feeling score is the product of a corresponding value of a driving safety feeling questionnaire result and the physiological monitoring weight;

for the induced recognition, obtaining an induced recognition index calculation result under a virtual driving dynamic visual condition, analyzing the correlation degree of the eye movement meter data and the evaluation result, setting the eye movement monitoring weight to be 1 if the eye movement change is positively correlated with the position of the induced facility, setting the eye movement monitoring weight to be 0.8 if the eye movement change is not positively correlated with the position of the induced facility, and dividing the induced recognition score into the product of the value corresponding to the induced recognition questionnaire investigation result and the eye movement monitoring weight;

and for the topic identification, obtaining a topic identification index calculation result under a virtual driving dynamic visual condition, analyzing the correlation degree of the eye movement meter data and topic setting key points, setting the eye movement monitoring weight to be 1 if the eye movement change is positively correlated with the topic setting key points, setting the eye movement monitoring weight to be 0.8 if the eye movement change is not positively correlated with the topic setting key points, and wherein the topic identification score is the product of the corresponding value of the topic identification questionnaire investigation result and the eye movement monitoring weight.

9. The digital twinning-based tourist highway landscape design evaluation method according to claim 4, wherein for the scenic spot serial connection degree and the transfer convenience degree, experimental evaluation is performed by adopting a perception mode of an electronic sand table, and macro index evaluation and calculation are realized by combining convergence and fusion along-line important scenic spots, transportation hubs, public transportation line design and transfer information;

performing experimental evaluation on the linear fit degree and the ecological restoration degree by adopting a perception mode of virtual flight, providing a mesoscopic flight view angle to check the linear and linear ecological restoration condition of a line, and evaluating and calculating the linear fit degree and the ecological restoration degree;

performing experimental evaluation on the facility perfection and the landscape display by adopting a perception mode of virtual driving; for the construction coordination, four combination modes of virtual driving, virtual riding, virtual walking and panoramic perception are adopted for comprehensive evaluation;

for the landscape durability, adopting a dynamic evolution function in a digital twin scene model to perform perception evaluation, performing dynamic evolution display on the green plant type landscape in the digital twin scene based on historical data of green plants and flowers changing along with seasons, providing a comprehensive evaluation method for qualitative perception and quantitative green plant holding time for users, and performing evaluation and calculation of time dimension indexes;

And carrying out experiments on the scenery pleasure degree, the driving safety feeling, the induced recognition and the theme recognition degree in a mode of evaluating virtual driving dynamic visual conditions, combining an analysis experiment device, realizing index evaluation combining real quantity with qualitative, and carrying out evaluation and calculation of user dimension indexes.

10. Digital twinning-based travel highway landscape design evaluation system is characterized in that the system comprises:

the scene loading module is used for loading a digital twin scene model of the tourist highway to be evaluated and integrating multi-source service and perception data;

the experiment design module is used for configuring elements, scenes, parameters and perception modes which are concerned by different evaluation indexes;

the dynamic evolution module is used for executing evolution simulation of the environmental elements in the digital twin scene model along with the time change and is used for executing index evaluation of landscape durability;

the electronic sand table module is used for providing a whole line electronic sand table viewing function of the tourist highway, providing an interactive viewing function of global viewing and three-dimensional space and executing index evaluation of scenic spot tandem degree and transfer convenience;

the virtual driving module is used for providing a driver perception experiment function of a first visual angle of a driver under a dynamic visual condition of running at a set speed limit and executing evaluation of seven indexes of facility completeness, landscape display degree, construction coordination, landscape pleasure degree, driving safety feeling, induced recognition and theme recognition;

The virtual flight module is used for providing a visual angle for performing mesoscopic flight and overlooking view at a set height and a set speed and performing evaluation of two mesoscopic indexes of linear fitness and ecological restoration;

the virtual riding module is used for providing an immersive sensing experiment function of virtual riding of the bicycle and executing evaluation of construction coordination of a bicycle lane and auxiliary facilities in construction coordination indexes;

the virtual walking module is used for providing a tourist walking visual angle and a natural interaction test for carrying out an immersive scene perception experiment function and executing evaluation of the coordination of a walking road and auxiliary facilities in the coordination index of the structure;

the panorama perception module is used for providing a perception experiment function of immersive panorama viewing of tourists, forming panoramic images and videos with different heights through panorama data acquisition with different heights, carrying out immersive viewing of the panoramic images and the videos through the VR helmet, and carrying out evaluation of setting rationality of a viewing platform in constructing coordination indexes;

and the result analysis module is used for executing calculation and analysis of a plurality of evaluation indexes and outputting the evaluation score, the total score of weighted summation and the optimization promotion suggestion for each index.