CN116864739A - Fuel cell humidifying system with hydrothermal self-balancing and gas humidity adjustable - Google Patents
Fuel cell humidifying system with hydrothermal self-balancing and gas humidity adjustable Download PDFInfo
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- CN116864739A CN116864739A CN202310816938.XA CN202310816938A CN116864739A CN 116864739 A CN116864739 A CN 116864739A CN 202310816938 A CN202310816938 A CN 202310816938A CN 116864739 A CN116864739 A CN 116864739A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of fuel cell humidification, and particularly discloses a hydrothermal self-balancing and gas humidity-adjustable fuel cell humidification system which comprises an air humidification module and a hydrogen humidification module which are respectively connected with a galvanic pile, a water supplementing unit connected with the air humidification module and the hydrogen humidification module, and a control unit respectively connected with the air humidification module, the hydrogen humidification module and the water supplementing unit; the air humidification module comprises an air humidification unit connected with the electric pile and the water supplementing unit, an air spray liquid heating unit connected with the air humidification unit and the electric pile, and an air heating unit connected with the electric pile, the air humidification unit and the air spray liquid heating unit; the hydrogen humidifying module comprises a hydrogen humidifying unit connected with the electric pile and the water supplementing unit, and a hydrogen spraying liquid heating unit respectively connected with the hydrogen humidifying unit and the electric pile. The application can adjust the humidity of the gas entering the electric pile according to the electric pile requirement, thereby greatly increasing the performance and the service life of the electric pile.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of fuel cell humidification, in particular to a hydrothermal self-balancing and gas humidity adjustable fuel cell humidification system.
Background
In the field of hydrogen fuel cells, in order to ensure the performance and the service life of a cell stack, air and hydrogen required by the cell stack reaction need to be humidified before entering the cell stack; the current common humidification mode is membrane humidifier humidification, the humidification mode belongs to passive humidification, the humidity of gas cannot be actively regulated, the current humidification mode is mainly applied to a fuel cell vehicle-mounted system and a low-power fuel cell power generation system, and the high-power fuel cell power generation system is lack of available humidification systems and equipment.
Aiming at the problems of passive humidification in the prior art, an active humidification concept is provided, and air or hydrogen is humidified mainly by bubbling, spraying or filling humidification; the humidification method has wider humidity adjustment range for air and hydrogen, is not influenced by the humidity of inlet air, outlet air or hydrogen, and can be adjusted to target set humidity according to the needs, thereby better ensuring the performance and service life of the galvanic pile.
Active humidification generally requires consumption of external water and heat, and requires replenishment of the humidifier with water and heat, and if external replenishment of water and heat is used, water consumption and energy consumption of the system per se can be increased, so that efficiency of the system is reduced, self-balancing adjustment of humidification water and heat cannot be achieved, and gas humidity entering a galvanic pile cannot be effectively controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a fuel cell humidifying system with hydrothermal self-balancing and adjustable gas humidity;
the application solves the technical problems by adopting the following solution:
the fuel cell humidifying system comprises an air humidifying module and a hydrogen humidifying module which are respectively connected with a galvanic pile, a water supplementing unit which is respectively connected with the air humidifying module and the hydrogen humidifying module, and a control unit which is respectively connected with the air humidifying module, the hydrogen humidifying module and the water supplementing unit;
the air humidification module comprises an air humidification unit connected with the electric pile and a water supplementing unit, an air spray liquid heating unit respectively connected with the air humidification unit and the electric pile, and an air heating unit respectively connected with the electric pile, the air humidification unit and the air spray liquid heating unit;
the hydrogen humidifying module comprises a hydrogen humidifying unit connected with the electric pile and a water supplementing unit, and a hydrogen spraying liquid heating unit respectively connected with the hydrogen humidifying unit and the electric pile.
In some possible embodiments, the air heating unit includes an air heater, a heated air conduit connected to the air heater and the air humidification unit, a residual heat coolant conduit connected to the air heater and the air spray liquid heating unit, and a bypass conduit connected to the heated air conduit and the electric pile.
In some possible embodiments, a humidity control valve is provided on the bypass conduit; the heated air pipeline is provided with an air heated temperature sensor, and the air heated temperature sensor is arranged between the air heater and the connection part of the air heater and the bypass pipeline.
In some possible embodiments, a pile outlet cooling liquid pipeline and a pile inlet cooling liquid pipeline are arranged on the pile, and a pile cooling liquid circulating pump is arranged on the pile outlet cooling liquid pipeline; and the pile cooling liquid circulating pump is respectively connected with the first spray heating unit and the second spray heating unit.
In some possible embodiments, the air spray liquid heating unit and the second spray heating unit have the same structure and comprise spray liquid heating equipment, a spray liquid heated cooling liquid outlet pipeline connected with the spray liquid heating equipment and a stack inlet cooling liquid pipeline respectively, a spray liquid heating equipment outlet water pipeline connected with the spray liquid heating equipment and the air humidifying unit, and a cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline connected with a stack cooling liquid circulating pump body and the spray liquid heating equipment respectively;
and a spray liquid temperature sensor is arranged on the outlet water pipeline of the spray liquid heating equipment.
In some possible embodiments, the residual heat coolant pipeline comprises a residual heat coolant hot water pipeline for connecting the air heater and an outlet pipeline of a coolant circulating pump in the first spray heating unit, and a residual heat coolant hot water pipeline respectively connected with the air heater and the pile-up coolant pipeline;
and an air heating water regulating valve is arranged on the residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipeline.
In some possible embodiments, the air humidifying unit has the same structure as the hydrogen humidifying unit and comprises a humidifying tower connected with the water supplementing unit, a wet gas pipeline after heating connected with the humidifying tower and the galvanic pile respectively, a spray liquid circulating pump inlet pipeline, a spray liquid circulating pump body and a spray liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline which are connected with the humidifying tower in sequence;
wherein, the humidifying tower of the air humidifying unit is connected with the heated air pipeline; the other end of the spray liquid circulating pump outlet water pipeline is connected with corresponding spray liquid heating equipment.
In some possible embodiments, the water replenishing unit comprises an exhaust gas condenser, a condensed exhaust gas pipeline and an exhaust gas-liquid separation tank which are sequentially connected with the galvanic pile;
the waste gas-liquid separation tank is sequentially connected with a spray liquid water supplementing pump inlet pipeline and a water supplementing pump;
the water supplementing pump is respectively connected with the air humidifying unit and the hydrogen humidifying unit.
In some possible embodiments, an air humidification water supply regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water supply pump and a humidification tower of the air humidification unit;
and a hydrogen humidifying and water supplementing regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water supplementing pump and a humidifying tower of the hydrogen humidifying unit.
In some possible embodiments, a stack-out gas duct is provided between the stack and the off-gas condenser;
a condensed waste gas pipeline is arranged between the waste gas condenser and the waste gas-liquid separation tank;
a cooling water outlet pipeline and a cooling water inlet pipeline are arranged on the waste gas condenser; and a cooling water regulating valve is arranged on the cooling water inlet pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
according to the application, the humidity of the gas entering the electric pile can be adjusted according to the electric pile requirement, and compared with the membrane humidification mode mainly adopted at present, the humidity of the air or hydrogen entering the electric pile can be actively adjusted without being influenced by the environment, so that the performance and the service life of the electric pile are greatly improved;
the application has wide humidity adjusting range, the humidity adjusting range is from the inlet gas humidity to 95%, the adaptive gas flow range is wide, and the gas humidification of the fuel cell power generation system from kW level to MW level or even tens of MW level is satisfied;
the application can recycle heat generated by the electric pile and water carried out by waste air at the outlet of the electric pile, and is used for humidifying air and/or hydrogen, so that the heat generated by the electric pile is utilized, the cooling load of cooling liquid of the electric pile is reduced, simultaneously, the heat of the waste air at the outlet of the electric pile and the water are recycled, the heat can be used for heating or refrigerating, the water is used for humidifying air and/or hydrogen, the self-sufficiency of the water and the heat required by humidifying the air at the inlet of the electric pile and the hydrogen is realized, external water supply and external heat supply are not needed, and the water consumption and the energy consumption are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the present application;
wherein: 1. an air humidifying tower; 2. a galvanic pile; 3. an air spray liquid circulating pump; 4. an air spray liquid heater; 5. a stack cooling liquid circulating pump; 6. an exhaust gas condenser; 7. an exhaust gas-liquid separation tank; 8. a water supplementing pump; 9. a reactor coolant pipe; 10. a heated wet air duct; 11. a stack outlet gas pipeline; 12. a condensed exhaust gas conduit; 13. a waste air pipeline for discharging waste gas and gas-liquid separation tank; 14. spray liquid water supplementing pump inlet pipeline; 15. an outlet pipeline of the water supplementing pump; 16. an air spray liquid circulating pump inlet pipeline; 17. an outlet water pipe of the air spray liquid circulating pump; 18. an outlet water pipe of the air spray liquid heater; 19. a stack outlet cooling liquid pipeline; 20. an air cooling liquid circulation pump outlet pipe; 21. a residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipeline; 22. cooling the liquid cooling water pipeline by residual heat; 23. a cooling liquid outlet pipeline after the air spray liquid is heated; 24. a cooling water inlet pipe; 25. a cooling water outlet pipe; 26. the hydrogen humidifies the supplementing water pipeline; 27. a cooling water regulating valve; 28. a circulating cooling liquid regulating valve for heating; 29. an air humidifying and water supplementing regulating valve; 30. a hydrogen humidifying and water supplementing regulating valve; 31. a spray liquid temperature sensor; 32. a humidifying tower liquid level sensor; 33. a liquid level sensor of the waste gas-liquid separation tank; 34. a control unit; 35. an air heater; 36. an air intake pipe; 37. a heated air duct; 38. a bypass conduit; 39. an air heating water regulating valve; 40. a humidity control valve; 41. a temperature sensor after air heating; 42. a humidity sensor after humidification; 43. a hydrogen humidifying tower; 44. a hydrogen inlet pipe; 45. a wet hydrogen pipeline; 46. a hydrogen spray liquid circulating pump; 47. a hydrogen spray liquid heater; 48. an inlet pipeline of the hydrogen spray liquid circulating pump; 49. an inlet water pipe of the hydrogen spray liquid heater; 50. an outlet water pipe of the hydrogen spray liquid heater; 51. a hydrogen cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline; 52. and a cooling liquid outlet pipeline after the hydrogen spray liquid is heated.
Detailed Description
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. Reference to "first," "second," and similar terms herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Likewise, the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. In the implementation of the present application, "and/or" describes the association relationship of the association object, which means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" means two or more. For example, a plurality of positioning posts refers to two or more positioning posts. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The present application will be described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1-2:
the fuel cell humidifying system comprises an air humidifying module and a hydrogen humidifying module which are respectively connected with a galvanic pile 2, a water supplementing unit which is respectively connected with the air humidifying module and the hydrogen humidifying module, and a control unit which is respectively connected with the air humidifying module, the hydrogen humidifying module and the water supplementing unit;
the air humidification module comprises an air humidification unit connected with the electric pile 2 and a water supplementing unit, an air spray liquid heating unit respectively connected with the air humidification unit and the electric pile 2, and an air heating unit respectively connected with the electric pile 2, the air humidification unit and the air spray liquid heating unit;
the hydrogen humidifying module comprises a hydrogen humidifying unit connected with the electric pile 2 and a water supplementing unit, and a hydrogen spraying liquid heating unit respectively connected with the hydrogen humidifying unit and the electric pile 2.
In some possible embodiments, the air heating unit includes an air heater 35, a heated air conduit 37 connected to the air heater 35 and the air humidification unit, respectively, a residual heat coolant conduit connected to the air heater 35 and the air spray liquid heating unit, and a bypass conduit 38 connected to the heated air conduit 37 and the electric stack 2.
In some possible embodiments, a humidity control valve 40 connected to the control unit 34 is provided on the bypass duct 38; an air post-heating temperature sensor 41 connected to the control unit 34 is provided on the post-heating air duct 37, and the air post-heating temperature sensor 41 is provided between the air heater 35 and the connection of the air heater 35 and the bypass duct 38.
In some possible embodiments, the pile 2 is provided with a pile outlet cooling liquid pipeline 19 and a pile inlet cooling liquid pipeline 9, and the pile outlet cooling liquid pipeline 19 is provided with a pile cooling liquid circulating pump 5; and the pile cooling liquid circulating pump 5 is respectively connected with the first spray heating unit and the second spray heating unit.
In some possible embodiments, the air spray liquid heating unit and the second spray liquid heating unit have the same structure and comprise spray liquid heating equipment, a spray liquid heated cooling liquid outlet pipeline connected with the spray liquid heating equipment and the stack inlet cooling liquid pipeline 9 respectively, a spray liquid heating equipment outlet water pipeline connected with the spray liquid heating equipment and the air humidifying unit, and a cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline connected with the stack cooling liquid circulating pump body and the spray liquid heating equipment respectively;
and a spray liquid temperature sensor is arranged on the outlet water pipeline of the spray liquid heating equipment.
In the first spray heating unit, the spray liquid heating device is an air spray liquid heater 4, a spray liquid heated cooling liquid outlet pipeline is an air spray liquid heated cooling liquid outlet pipeline 23, a spray liquid heating device outlet water pipeline is an air spray liquid heater outlet water pipe 18, a cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline is an air cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline 20, and an air heating circulating cooling liquid regulating valve 28 connected with a control unit 34 is arranged on the air cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline 20;
in the second spray heating unit, the spray liquid heating device is a hydrogen spray liquid heater 47, a spray liquid heated cooling liquid outlet pipeline is a hydrogen spray liquid heated cooling liquid outlet pipeline 52, a spray liquid heating device outlet water pipeline is a hydrogen spray liquid heater outlet water pipe 50, a cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline is a hydrogen cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline 51, and a hydrogen heating circulating cooling liquid regulating valve connected with the control unit 34 is arranged on the hydrogen cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline 51;
the spray liquid temperature sensors are respectively arranged on the air spray liquid heater outlet water pipe 18 and the hydrogen spray liquid heater outlet water pipe 50;
in some possible embodiments, the residual heat coolant pipe includes a residual heat coolant hot water pipe 21 for connecting the air heater 35 with the coolant circulation pump outlet pipe in the first spray heating unit, and a residual heat coolant hot water pipe 22 connected with the air heater 35 and the stack intake coolant pipe 9, respectively;
an air-heated water regulating valve 39 connected to the control unit 34 is provided on the remaining hot-coolant hot-water pipe 21.
In some possible embodiments, the air humidifying unit has the same structure as the hydrogen humidifying unit and comprises a humidifying tower connected with the water supplementing unit, a wet gas pipeline after heating connected with the humidifying tower and the electric pile 2 respectively, a spray liquid circulating pump inlet pipeline, a spray liquid circulating pump body and a spray liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline which are connected with the humidifying tower in sequence;
wherein the humidifying tower of the air humidifying unit is connected with the heated air pipeline 37; the other end of the spray liquid circulating pump outlet water pipeline is connected with corresponding spray liquid heating equipment;
further, in the air humidification unit, the humidification tower is an air humidification tower 1, the heated wet gas pipeline is a heated wet air pipeline 10, the inlet pipeline of the spray liquid circulating pump is an air spray liquid circulating pump inlet pipeline 16, the spray liquid circulating pump body is an air spray liquid circulating pump 3, and the water pipeline of the spray liquid circulating pump outlet is an air spray liquid circulating pump outlet water pipe 17 connected with the air spray liquid heater 4;
in the hydrogen humidifying unit, a humidifying tower is a hydrogen humidifying tower 43, a wet gas pipeline after heating is a wet hydrogen pipeline 45, a spray liquid circulating pump inlet pipeline is a hydrogen spray liquid circulating pump inlet pipeline 48, a spray liquid circulating pump body is a hydrogen spray liquid circulating pump 46, and a spray liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline is a hydrogen spray liquid heater inlet water pipe 49 connected with a hydrogen spray liquid heater 47;
in some possible embodiments, the water replenishing unit comprises an exhaust gas condenser 6, a condensed exhaust gas pipeline 12 and an exhaust gas-liquid separation tank 7 which are sequentially connected with the electric pile 2;
the waste gas-liquid separation tank 7 is sequentially connected with a spray liquid water supplementing pump inlet pipeline 14 and a water supplementing pump 8;
the water supplementing pump 8 is connected with the air humidifying tower 1 through a water supplementing pump outlet pipeline 15, and the water supplementing pump 8 is respectively connected with the hydrogen humidifying tower 43 through a hydrogen humidifying water supplementing pipeline 26.
An air humidifying and water supplementing regulating valve 29 connected with a control unit 34 is arranged on the water supplementing pump outlet pipeline 15;
a hydrogen humidification make-up water valve 30 connected to a control unit 34 is provided in the hydrogen humidification make-up water pipe 26.
In some possible embodiments, an off-stack gas duct 11 is provided between the galvanic pile 2 and the off-gas condenser 6;
a condensed waste gas pipeline 12 is arranged between the waste gas condenser 6 and the waste gas-liquid separation tank 7;
a cooling water outlet pipe 25 and a cooling water inlet pipe 24 are provided in the exhaust gas condenser 6; the cooling water inlet pipe 24 is provided with a cooling water regulating valve 27 connected to a control unit 34.
Liquid level sensors connected with the control unit 34 are respectively arranged on the air humidifying tower 1, the hydrogen humidifying tower 43 and the waste gas-liquid separation tank 7, and a pile cooling liquid circulating pump 5, an air spraying liquid circulating pump 3 and a hydrogen spraying liquid circulating pump 46 are respectively connected with the control unit;
example 1:
the embodiment is mainly used for realizing independent air humidification, and the hydrogen humidification water supply regulating valve 30 on the hydrogen humidification water supply pipeline 26 is in a closed state at this time, and only an air humidification unit, a first spray liquid heating unit, a water supply unit and an air heating unit are needed.
As shown in fig. 1, the air heater 35 is respectively connected with an air inlet pipe 36, a residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipeline 21, a heated air pipeline 37 and a residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipeline 22, a bypass pipeline 38 is communicated with the heated air pipeline 37, the top of the air humidifying tower 1 is connected with a heated humid air pipeline 10 arranged on the electric pile 2 through pipelines, and the bypass pipeline 38 is connected with the heated humid air pipeline 10;
the bottom of the air humidifying tower 1 is sequentially connected with an air spray liquid circulating pump inlet pipeline 16, an air spray liquid circulating pump 3 and an air spray liquid circulating pump outlet water pipe 17, the other end of the air spray liquid circulating pump outlet water pipe 17 is connected with an air spray liquid heater 4, the air spray liquid heater 4 is connected with an air cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline 20 through a residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipeline 21, and is connected with a pile cooling liquid circulating pump 5, and the air spray liquid heater 4 is connected with the tower body of the air humidifying tower 1 through an air spray liquid heater outlet water pipe 18; the air heater 35 is connected with the cooling liquid outlet pipeline 23 after the heating of the air spray liquid through the residual heat cooling liquid pipeline 22, and the cooling liquid outlet pipeline 23 after the heating of the air spray liquid is connected with the reactor inlet cooling liquid pipeline 9; the air heater 35 and the air-cooling liquid circulation pump outlet pipe 20 pass through the residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipe 21; the body of the air humidifying tower 1 is connected with a water supplementing pump outlet pipeline 15, the other end of the water supplementing pump outlet pipeline 15 is connected with a water supplementing pump 8, the waste gas-liquid separation tank 7 is connected with the water supplementing pump 8 through a spray liquid water supplementing pump inlet pipeline, the waste gas condenser 6 is connected with the electric pile 2 through a pile outlet gas pipeline and is connected with the waste gas-liquid separation tank 7 through a condensed waste gas pipeline 12; the top of the waste gas-liquid separation tank 7 is provided with a waste gas outlet waste gas pipeline 13 of the waste gas-liquid separation tank;
an air heating water regulating valve 39 is arranged on the residual hot cooling liquid hot water pipeline 21, an air heating post-temperature sensor 41 is arranged on the heated air pipeline 37, a humidifying tower liquid level sensor 32 is arranged on the air humidifying tower 1, a humidity regulating valve 40 is arranged on the bypass pipeline 38, a humidifying post-humidity sensor 42 is arranged on the heated wet air pipeline 10, a circulating cooling liquid regulating valve 28 for air heating is arranged on the air cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline 20, a spray liquid temperature sensor 31 is arranged on the air spray liquid heater outlet water pipe 18, an air humidifying water supplementing regulating valve 29 is arranged on the water supplementing pump outlet pipeline 15, and an exhaust gas-liquid separating tank liquid level sensor 33 is arranged on the exhaust gas-liquid separating tank 7; all the above regulating valves and sensors are connected with the control unit 34;
air at about 40 ℃ after compression of the air compressor enters the air heater 35 through the air inlet pipe 36, is connected with the control unit 34 through the air heating water regulating valve 39 arranged on the residual hot-water cooling liquid hot-water pipeline 21, and the control unit 34 regulates the air temperature at the outlet of the air heater 35 to 65 ℃ through the air heating water regulating valve 39;
part of the heated air enters the bypass pipeline 38, the other part enters the air humidifying tower 1 through the heated air pipeline 37 connected with the air humidifying tower 1, and the relative humidity of the air humidified and positioned at the top of the air humidifying tower 1 in the air humidifying tower 1 is 95%;
the humidified humid air is mixed with the dry air of the bypass duct 38, the humidity is monitored in real time by the humidified humidity sensor 42 provided on the heated humid air duct 10, and the monitored humidity information is transmitted to the control unit 34, and the control unit 34 controls the relative humidity of the inlet air of the stack 2 to 80% by adjusting the opening degree of the humidity adjusting valve 40, and transmits it to the stack 2 through the heated humid air duct 10.
The temperature of the spray liquid is monitored in real time through an air spray liquid temperature sensor 31 of an air spray liquid heater outlet water pipe 18, the monitored temperature information is transmitted to a control unit 34, and the control unit 34 controls the temperature of the spray liquid to be 63 ℃ and controls the temperature of the hot coolant to be about 70 ℃ by adjusting a circulating coolant regulating valve 28 for air heating arranged on an air coolant circulating pump outlet pipeline 20;
part of the cooling liquid is conveyed to the air heater 35 through the pile-outlet cooling liquid pipeline 19, the pile cooling liquid circulating pump 5 and the residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipeline 21 in sequence, the air heater 35 recovers heat and is cooled, then the residual heat cooling liquid water pipeline 22 is converged with the cooling liquid cooled by the air spray liquid heater 4, the temperature of the converged cooling liquid is about 63 ℃, and then the cooling liquid is circulated into the pile 2 for utilization through the air spray liquid heated cooling liquid outlet pipeline 23 and the pile-inlet cooling liquid pipeline 9 in sequence;
since the air at about 70 ℃ at the outlet of the electric pile 2 contains a large amount of gaseous steam, the gas enters the waste gas condenser 6 through the pile-out gas pipeline 11, tap water at about 25 ℃ conveyed by the cooling water inlet pipeline 24 is cooled to about 54 ℃ and liquid water is separated out and utilized through the cooling water outlet pipeline 25, the condensed water-containing waste gas enters the waste gas-liquid separation tank 7 through the condensed waste gas pipeline 12 after being condensed, the saturated waste gas is conveyed to the outside through the waste gas-liquid separation tank waste air pipeline 13 after being separated for further utilization of waste heat or discharge, and the water enters the water supplementing pump outlet pipeline 15 through the spray water supplementing pump inlet pipeline 14 and then enters the air humidifying tower 1;
the air humidification water supply regulating valve 29, the humidification tower liquid level sensor 32 and the control unit 34 are matched to maintain the liquid level in the air humidification tower 1 stable,
the exhaust gas-liquid separation tank 7 is provided with an exhaust gas-liquid separation tank liquid level sensor 33 connected with a control unit 34, liquid level information is fed back to the control unit 34, and the control unit 34 maintains the liquid level in the exhaust gas-liquid separation tank 7 stable by adjusting the cooling water regulating valve 27 on the cooling water inlet pipeline 24.
Example 2:
when the device is adopted for independent hydrogen humidification, hydrogen is humidified through the hydrogen humidifying unit, the second spray liquid heating unit, the water supplementing unit and the hydrogen humidifying unit; air directly enters the electric pile 2 through the air heating unit and does not enter the air humidifying unit to be humidified, and the air humidifying and water supplementing regulating valve 29 is in a closed state.
As shown in fig. 1-2:
the air enters the electric pile 2 through an air inlet pipe 36, an air heater 35, a bypass pipeline 38 and a heated wet air pipeline 10 in the air heating unit, after electrochemical reaction in the electric pile 2, air with the temperature of about 70 ℃ is discharged from the electric pile 2, a large amount of gaseous water is contained in the air, the air enters an exhaust gas condenser 6, the air is cooled to about 56 ℃ by cooling water with the temperature of about 25 ℃ from the outside, liquid water is separated out and is heated to about 55 ℃ for use, the condensed water-containing air enters an exhaust gas-liquid separation tank 7, saturated exhaust gas is separated and is conveyed to the outside through an exhaust gas-liquid separation tank waste air pipeline 13 for further use of waste heat or discharge, and the water enters a water supplementing pump 8 through a spray liquid water supplementing pump inlet pipeline 14 and enters a hydrogen humidifying tower through a hydrogen humidifying water supplementing pipeline 26;
the control modes of hydrogen humidification, water and heat are the same as those of air humidification in example 1, but the hydrogen is not subjected to heating treatment;
hydrogen enters the hydrogen humidifying tower 43 through a hydrogen inlet pipe 44 arranged at the bottom of the tower body of the hydrogen humidifying tower 43, is humidified, and enters the electric pile 2 through a wet hydrogen pipeline 45.
The temperature of the spray liquid is monitored in real time through a hydrogen spray liquid temperature sensor of a hydrogen spray liquid heater outlet water pipe 50, the monitored temperature information is transmitted to a control unit 34, and the control unit 34 controls the temperature of the cooling liquid and the spray liquid by adjusting a circulating cooling liquid adjusting valve for heating arranged on a hydrogen cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline 51;
the cooling liquid in the electric pile 2 is sequentially conveyed to the hydrogen spraying liquid heater 47 through the pile outlet cooling liquid pipeline 19, the electric pile cooling liquid circulating pump 5 and the hydrogen cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline 51, and is cooled and sequentially heated by the hydrogen spraying liquid, and then the cooling liquid outlet pipeline 52 and the pile inlet cooling liquid pipeline 9 are circularly arranged in the electric pile 2 for use;
since the air at the outlet of the electric pile 2 contains a large amount of gaseous steam, the gas enters the waste gas condenser 6 through the pile-out gas pipeline 11, the gas is conveyed by the cooling water inlet pipeline 24 to be cooled through the cooling water regulating valve 27, liquid water is separated out and is utilized after being heated, the condensed water-containing waste gas enters the waste gas-liquid separation tank 7 through the condensed waste gas pipeline 12, the saturated waste gas is separated and is conveyed to the outside through the waste gas-liquid separation tank waste air pipeline 13 to continuously utilize waste heat or be discharged, and the water sequentially passes through the water supplementing pump 8 and the hydrogen humidifying water supplementing water pipeline 26 through the spray liquid water supplementing pump inlet pipeline 14 to enter the hydrogen humidifying tower 43 to humidify the hydrogen entering the hydrogen humidifying tower 43.
The hydrogen humidifying and water supplementing regulating valve 30, a liquid level sensor arranged in the hydrogen humidifying tower and the control unit 34 are matched to maintain the liquid level in the hydrogen humidifying tower 43 stable.
Example 3:
the embodiment is mainly used for simultaneously humidifying air and hydrogen, and at the moment, the air humidifying unit, the first spray liquid heating unit, the water supplementing unit and the air heating unit are matched to realize air humidification; the hydrogen humidifying unit, the second spray liquid heating unit and the water supplementing unit are matched to realize hydrogen humidification;
as shown in fig. 1-2:
after passing through the air heating unit, part of air enters an air humidifying tower 1 of the air humidifying unit and enters a pile 2 for utilization after being combined with the air which is not humidified; at the same time, hydrogen enters a hydrogen humidifying tower 43 of the hydrogen humidifying unit and is converged with the non-humidified hydrogen to enter the electric pile 2 for use; the outlet of the electric pile 2 discharges a large amount of gas with gaseous steam, and the gas enters a water supplementing unit to pass through, and the water supplementing unit realizes water utilization;
the cooling liquid respectively enters the electric pile 2 from the pile-entering cooling liquid pipeline 9 through the first spraying liquid heating unit and the second spraying liquid heating unit, is discharged through the pile-exiting cooling liquid pipeline 19 after being heated, and respectively enters the air cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline 20 and the hydrogen cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline 51 after passing through the pile cooling liquid circulating pump 5.
The specific air humidification is as follows:
air at about 40 ℃ after compression of the air compressor enters an air inlet pipe 36 and enters an air heater 35, and the temperature of air at the outlet of the air heater 35 is regulated to 65 ℃ through an air heating water regulating valve 39 arranged on a residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipeline 21;
part of the heated air passes through the bypass pipeline 38, and the other part of the heated air enters the air humidifying tower 1 in the air humidifying unit through the heated air pipeline 37, and in the air humidifying tower 1, the relative humidity of the humidified air at the top of the humidifying tower is 95%;
the humidified wet air is mixed with the dry air of the bypass duct 38, the humidity is monitored in real time by the humidified humidity sensor 42 provided on the heated wet air duct 10, and the monitored humidity information is transmitted to the control unit 34, and the control unit 34 controls the relative humidity of the stack inlet air to 80% by adjusting the opening of the humidity control valve 40, and is transferred to the stack 2 through the heated wet air duct 10.
The temperature of the spray liquid is monitored in real time through a spray liquid temperature sensor 31 arranged on an outlet water pipe 18 of the air spray liquid heater, the monitored temperature information is transmitted to a control unit 34, and the control unit 34 controls the temperature of the spray liquid to be 63 ℃ and controls the temperature of the hot cooling liquid to be about 70 ℃ by adjusting a circulating cooling liquid adjusting valve 28 for heating arranged on an outlet water pipe 20 of the air cooling liquid circulating pump;
part of the cooling liquid is conveyed to an air heater 35 of the air heating unit through a pile-outlet cooling liquid pipeline 19, a pile cooling liquid circulating pump 5 and a residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipeline 21 in sequence;
the air heater 35 recovers heat and then is cooled, then the residual heat cooling liquid water pipeline 22 is combined with the cooling liquid cooled by the air spray liquid heater 4, the temperature of the combined cooling liquid is about 63 ℃, and then the cooling liquid is heated by the air spray liquid and then is circularly fed into the electric pile 2 for use through the cooling liquid outlet pipeline 23;
the air with the temperature of about 70 ℃ at the outlet of the electric pile contains a large amount of gaseous steam, the gaseous steam enters an exhaust gas condenser 6, is cooled to about 52 ℃ by tap water with the temperature of about 25 ℃ from outside the boundary, liquid water is separated out and is utilized after being heated to about 60 ℃, condensed water-containing exhaust gas enters an exhaust gas-liquid separation tank 7, saturated exhaust gas is separated, the air is conveyed to the outside of the boundary through an exhaust gas-liquid separation tank exhaust air pipeline 13 to continuously utilize waste heat or discharge, and the liquid water enters a water supplementing pump 8 through a spray liquid water supplementing pump inlet pipeline 14; the exhaust gas-liquid separation tank liquid level sensor 33 in the exhaust gas-liquid separation tank 7 feedback-adjusts the cooling water regulating valve 27 on the cooling water inlet pipe 24 to maintain the liquid level in the exhaust gas-liquid separation tank 7 stable.
Since the make-up water is required to be used for air and hydrogen humidification simultaneously, the make-up water delivered by the make-up water pump 8 is used for the humidification of the air humidification tower 1 in part and is used for the humidification of the hydrogen humidification tower 43 in part; the liquid level sensors of the air humidifying tower 1 and the hydrogen humidifying tower 43 adjust the regulating valves on the respective water supplementing pipelines through feedback so as to maintain the liquid level stability of the respective humidifiers.
The hydrogen humidification is the same as in example 2 and will not be described in detail here.
The air heater 35 of the present application may be selected from a plate heat exchanger, a shell and tube heat exchanger, a plate fin heat exchanger, or other types of heat exchangers as desired.
The application can realize the control of the humidity of the gas entering the electric pile, and simultaneously realize the recovery of the heat and water of the gas at the air outlet, and is used for humidifying air and/or hydrogen, thereby realizing the self-use of heat and water without external heat supply and external water supply for humidifying the gas. The whole implementation process of the application is automatically controlled and completed by the control unit 34, and manual intervention operation is not needed.
The application adopts a main way of humidification and a mixing way of a dry gas pipeline and a wet gas pipeline to realize the adjustment of the humidity of the air or hydrogen in the stack; the pressure loss in the gas humidifying process is greatly reduced, and the power consumption of auxiliary components of the system is reduced;
the application adopts a mode of cooling the waste air at the outlet of the electric pile, recovers the waste heat of the waste air at the outlet of the electric pile while recovering water, and realizes the automatic matching of the humidifying water and the cooling water through intelligent control and automatically controls the heat required in the humidifying process.
The application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The application extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell humidifying system with hydrothermal self-balance and adjustable gas humidity is characterized in that,
the device comprises an air humidification module and a hydrogen humidification module which are respectively connected with a galvanic pile, a water supplementing unit which is respectively connected with the air humidification module and the hydrogen humidification module, and a control unit which is respectively connected with the air humidification module, the hydrogen humidification module and the water supplementing unit;
the air humidification module comprises an air humidification unit connected with the electric pile and a water supplementing unit, an air spray liquid heating unit respectively connected with the air humidification unit and the electric pile, and an air heating unit respectively connected with the electric pile, the air humidification unit and the air spray liquid heating unit;
the hydrogen humidifying module comprises a hydrogen humidifying unit connected with the electric pile and a water supplementing unit, and a hydrogen spraying liquid heating unit respectively connected with the hydrogen humidifying unit and the electric pile.
2. The fuel cell humidification system of claim 1, wherein the air heating unit comprises an air heater, a heated air conduit connected to the air heater and the air humidification unit, a residual heat coolant conduit connected to the air heater and the air spray liquid heating unit, and a bypass conduit connected to the heated air conduit and the electric stack.
3. A hydro-thermal self-balancing and gas humidity adjustable fuel cell humidification system according to claim 2 wherein a humidity control valve is provided on the bypass conduit; the heated air pipeline is provided with an air heated temperature sensor, and the air heated temperature sensor is arranged between the air heater and the connection part of the air heater and the bypass pipeline.
4. The fuel cell humidifying system with the self-balancing and the adjustable gas humidity according to claim 2, wherein a stack outlet cooling liquid pipeline and a stack inlet cooling liquid pipeline are arranged on the electric stack, and an electric stack cooling liquid circulating pump is arranged on the stack outlet cooling liquid pipeline; and the pile cooling liquid circulating pump is respectively connected with the first spray heating unit and the second spray heating unit.
5. The fuel cell humidifying system with the adjustable hydrothermal self-balance and gas humidity according to claim 4, wherein the air spray liquid heating unit and the second spray heating unit have the same structure and comprise spray liquid heating equipment, a spray liquid heated cooling liquid outlet pipeline connected with the spray liquid heating equipment and a stack inlet cooling liquid pipeline respectively, a spray liquid heating equipment outlet water pipeline connected with the spray liquid heating equipment and the air humidifying unit, and a cooling liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline connected with a stack cooling liquid circulating pump body and the spray liquid heating equipment respectively;
and a spray liquid temperature sensor is arranged on the outlet water pipeline of the spray liquid heating equipment.
6. The fuel cell humidifying system with self-balancing and adjustable gas humidity according to claim 5, wherein the residual heat cooling liquid pipeline comprises a residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipeline for connecting the air heater and the outlet pipeline of the cooling liquid circulating pump in the first spray heating unit, and a residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipeline respectively connected with the air heater and the reactor-entering cooling liquid pipeline;
and an air heating water regulating valve is arranged on the residual heat cooling liquid hot water pipeline.
7. The fuel cell humidifying system with the functions of hydrothermal self-balancing and adjustable gas humidity according to claim 5, wherein the air humidifying unit has the same structure as the hydrogen humidifying unit and comprises a humidifying tower connected with the water supplementing unit, a wet gas pipeline after heating connected with the humidifying tower and the electric pile respectively, a spray liquid circulating pump inlet pipeline connected with the humidifying tower in sequence, a spray liquid circulating pump body and a spray liquid circulating pump outlet pipeline;
wherein, the humidifying tower of the air humidifying unit is connected with the heated air pipeline; the other end of the spray liquid circulating pump outlet water pipeline is connected with corresponding spray liquid heating equipment.
8. The fuel cell humidifying system with self-balancing and adjustable gas humidity according to claim 7, wherein the water replenishing unit comprises an exhaust gas condenser, a condensed exhaust gas pipeline and an exhaust gas-liquid separating tank which are sequentially connected with the electric pile;
the waste gas-liquid separation tank is sequentially connected with a spray liquid water supplementing pump inlet pipeline and a water supplementing pump;
the water supplementing pump is respectively connected with the air humidifying unit and the hydrogen humidifying unit.
9. The fuel cell humidifying system with self-balancing and adjustable gas humidity according to claim 8, wherein an air humidifying and water supplementing regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water supplementing pump and a humidifying tower of the air humidifying unit;
and a hydrogen humidifying and water supplementing regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water supplementing pump and a humidifying tower of the hydrogen humidifying unit.
10. A hydro-thermal self-balancing and gas humidity adjustable fuel cell humidification system according to claim 9 wherein a stack exit gas conduit is provided between the stack and an off-gas condenser;
a condensed waste gas pipeline is arranged between the waste gas condenser and the waste gas-liquid separation tank;
a cooling water outlet pipeline and a cooling water inlet pipeline are arranged on the waste gas condenser; and a cooling water regulating valve is arranged on the cooling water inlet pipeline.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310816938.XA CN116864739A (en) | 2023-07-05 | 2023-07-05 | Fuel cell humidifying system with hydrothermal self-balancing and gas humidity adjustable |
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| CN202310816938.XA CN116864739A (en) | 2023-07-05 | 2023-07-05 | Fuel cell humidifying system with hydrothermal self-balancing and gas humidity adjustable |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118676398A (en) * | 2024-06-26 | 2024-09-20 | 新研氢能源科技有限公司 | Hydrogen-air cooperative humidifier for fuel cell stack and humidifying method |
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2023
- 2023-07-05 CN CN202310816938.XA patent/CN116864739A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118676398A (en) * | 2024-06-26 | 2024-09-20 | 新研氢能源科技有限公司 | Hydrogen-air cooperative humidifier for fuel cell stack and humidifying method |
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