CN116848998A - A seeding and fertilizing machine for corn-soybean compound planting with easy adjustment of spacing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery. Specifically, it is a corn-soybean compound planting sowing and fertilizing machine that is easy to adjust the spacing. It includes: a rigid frame with a supporting load; a fertilizer box fixedly installed above the frame; and a fertilizer box below. Evenly distributed fertilizer drop pipes are fixedly installed; evenly distributed seeders are installed on the frame; evenly distributed bolts are fixedly installed at one end of the seeder facing the fertilizer box; movable plates are set on the bolts; the frame is far away from the fertilizer box One end of the installation rod is fixedly installed with a mounting rod; the other end of the installation rod is rotated with a rubber wheel that can change the angle; an adjustment mechanism is installed at the center of gravity of the seeder, and the adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the spacing between the seeders on the frame, solving the problem The process of adjusting the spacing in the prior art is cumbersome, requires the cooperation of multiple people, and is a labor-intensive technical problem.

Description

A seeding and fertilizing machine for corn-soybean compound planting with easy adjustment of spacing

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, specifically a corn-soybean compound planting sowing and fertilizing machine that facilitates adjustment of spacing.

Background technique

Corn-soybean compound planting takes advantage of the differences between soybeans and corns in height, shade tolerance, and density tolerance to achieve spaced strip planting of corn and soybeans, making full use of the advantages of high-cropping corn rows to increase light energy, nutrients, and moisture. The utilization rate is improved, the space for low-lying crops is expanded, and the coexistence of soybeans and corns is realized, and double harvest is achieved in one season, thus improving the efficiency of planting;

There are many types of corn and soybean compound planting seeding and fertilizing machines on the market today, such as the 2BFYDM model of soybean and corn dense planting and separate controlled fertilization seeder, and the 2BMYFQ model of corn and soybean dense planting and no-till fertilization seeder. They are all used for sowing and planting corn and soybeans. After the ditch opener opens the ditch, the fertilizer spreader applies fertilizer, then the seed meter sows, and the soil cover covers the seeds with soil to complete the planting of a row of corn or soybeans; corn planting generally uses "2+2" or "4+2" "Strip compound planting mode, so the corn-soybean compound planting seeding and fertilizing machine will be equipped with seeders and soil coverers corresponding to the row numbers of corn and soybeans. The seeders and soil coverers are installed on the machine through fixed frames; when sowing corn It is necessary to adjust the spacing between the fixed frames before planting soybeans, thereby changing the spacing between corns or soybeans after planting;

In the prior art, the fixed frame is fixed on the machine through bolts. The rear end of the fixed frame is equipped with rollers. Therefore, when adjusting the distance, the staff needs to loosen the bolts, and then multiple people cooperate, and one person lifts the fixed frame equipped with rollers. At one end, adjust the center of gravity of the fixed frame and lift the rollers off the ground so that the rollers will not affect the movement of the frame when the fixed frame is in the lateral adjustment position. Another person uses a wrench to tap the end of the fixed frame connected to the machine body to change the position of the fixed frame. The position on the rack, and multiple fixing racks are installed on one rack, so the process of adjusting the spacing in the existing technology is cumbersome, requires the cooperation of multiple people, and is labor-intensive;

In view of this, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a corn-soybean compound planting seeding and fertilizing machine that can easily adjust the spacing to solve the above problems.

Contents of the invention

In order to make up for the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention proposes a corn-soybean compound planting seeding and fertilizing machine that facilitates adjustment of spacing, including:

Having a rigid frame to support the load;

Fertilizer box, a fertilizer box is fixedly installed above the frame;

Fertilizer drop pipes, evenly distributed fertilizer drop pipes are fixedly installed below the fertilizer box;

Seeder, evenly distributed seeders are installed on the frame;

Bolts, evenly distributed bolts are fixedly installed on one end of the seeder facing the fertilizer box; the bolts are covered with movable plates;

Also includes

Installation rod, the end of the frame away from the fertilizer box is fixedly installed with the installation rod;

Rubber wheel, the other end of the installation rod is rotated and installed with a rubber wheel that can change the angle;

Adjustment mechanism. An adjustment mechanism is installed at the center of gravity of the seeder. The adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the spacing on the seeder on the frame.

The installation rod can use elastic telescopic rods and hydraulic rods so that the rubber wheels have a certain buffer when the seeder is operating.

Preferably, the first turntable is fixedly installed on the end of the installation rod away from the seeder, the second turntable is fixedly installed on the end of the rubber wheel close to the installation rod, and the first and second turntables are provided with corresponding perforations.

A bent fixing rod is inserted into the perforated interior, and the fixing rod is used to limit the rubber wheel from shaking left and right when the seeder is working.

Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes:

Screw, the two ends of the screw penetrate the seeder and are fixedly connected to the frame;

Adjusting block, there is an adjusting block movable inside the seeder, and the adjusting block matches the outer wall thread of the screw; the cross-section of the adjusting block is in the shape of a "ten";

A grip is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the adjustment block.

Preferably, hard brushes are fixedly installed at both ends of the adjustment block, and the brushes are in contact with the outer wall of the screw.

The brush can be made of metal wire or PP material. The two materials are hard materials and have good wear resistance.

Preferably, the inner wall of the vertical part of the adjustment block is embedded with evenly distributed balls, and the balls can roll flexibly on the adjustment block.

Preferably, the bolts are covered with rollers, the roller is located between the seeder and the movable plate, the outer wall of the roller is fixedly installed with evenly distributed protrusions, and the frame is provided with pits corresponding to the protrusions.

The roller is made of rubber material.

Protrusions can be provided on the frame, and depressions can be located on the outer wall of the drum.

Preferably, a connecting plate is fixedly installed on the seeder, the connecting plate is located below the frame, and the end of the fertilizer drop pipe away from the fertilizer box is installed on the connecting plate.

Preferably, evenly distributed elastic members are fixedly installed on the connecting plate, and the end of the fertilizer drop pipe away from the fertilizer box is installed on the elastic members.

The elastic part has a jacket composed of two elastic pieces made of metal or plastic, and the fertilizer drop tube is located on the jacket.

Preferably, the adjustment mechanism also includes:

The two ends of the rack penetrate the seeder and are fixedly connected to the frame;

Gear, the internal rotation of the seeder is equipped with a gear, and the gear meshes with the rack.

Preferably, the rack and gear are helical gears and helical racks; the helix angle of the helical gear is less than the equivalent friction angle.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

1. A corn-soybean composite planting seeding and fertilizing machine according to the present invention that is convenient for adjusting the spacing. The staff holds the handle of the adjusting block with both hands and rotates the adjusting block. Since the adjusting block cooperates with the screw thread, and the cross-section of the adjusting block is "Ten" shape, during the rotation of the adjusting block, the vertical part of the adjusting block pushes the seeder to move to the left or right, thereby adjusting the spacing between the seeders so that the spacing between the seeders reaches the required distance for planting crops. Standard; due to the change in the angle of the rubber wheel, when the adjustment block pushes the seeder to move to the left or right, the rubber wheel is suspended in the air, reducing the static friction between the rubber wheel and the ground when adjusting the distance between the seeders. This increases the difficulty of adjustment.

2. The corn-soybean composite planting sowing and fertilizing machine of the present invention that is convenient for adjusting the distance has a roller set on the bolt. When the distance between the seeders is adjusted, the bolt drives the roller to roll, and the bolts are connected to the frame. Static friction is converted into dynamic friction, which reduces the difficulty of adjusting the spacing between the seeders with the adjusting block; the length of the drum is greater than the width of the connection between the seeders and the frame. After adjusting the spacing between the seeders, tighten the bolts so that the movable plate aligns The roller squeezes and deforms, so that the roller is fixed between the movable plate and the seeder, so that the bolts and the movable plate fit more closely; the bumps on the roller match the pits on the frame, making the seeder During operation, the vibration of the frame caused by the rotation of the drum is reduced, resulting in deviation of the distance between the seeders.

Description of the drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a main structure diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of point A in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the seeder of the present invention;

Figure 4 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a structural diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 6 is an enlarged view of C in Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a structural diagram of another adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the rack and teeth of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Frame; 2. Fertilizer box; 21. Fertilizer drop pipe; 3. Seeder; 31. Bolts; 32. Movable plate; 4. Mounting rod; 41. Rubber wheel; 42. Turntable 1; 43. Turntable two; 44, perforation; 5, adjustment mechanism; 51, screw; 52, adjustment block; 53, grip; 54, brush; 55, ball; 501, rack; 502, gear; 6, roller; 61, Protruding points; 62. Dimples; 7. Connecting plates; 71. Elastic parts.

Detailed ways

Referring to Figures 1 to 8, the present invention provides a corn-soybean compound planting seeding and fertilizing machine that facilitates adjustment of spacing. The technical solution is as follows:

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 5, and Figure 6:

A seeding and fertilizing machine for corn-soybean compound planting that facilitates adjustment of spacing, including:

Rigid frame 1 with supporting load;

Fertilizer box 2, the fertilizer box 2 is fixedly installed above the frame 1;

Fertilizer drop pipe 21, evenly distributed fertilizer drop pipes 21 are fixedly installed below the fertilizer box 2;

Seeder 3, evenly distributed seeders 3 are installed on the frame 1;

Bolts 31, evenly distributed bolts 31 are fixedly installed on one end of the seeder 3 facing the fertilizer box 2, and the bolts 31 are covered with a movable plate 32;

Also includes

Installation rod 4, the end of the frame 1 away from the fertilizer box 2 is fixedly installed with the installation rod 4;

Rubber wheel 41, the other end of the installation rod 4 is rotatably installed with a rubber wheel 41 that can change the angle;

The adjustment mechanism 5 is installed at the center of gravity of the seeder 3. The adjustment mechanism 5 is used to adjust the distance between the seeder 3 on the frame 1.

Adjustment mechanism 5 includes:

The screw 51 has both ends of the screw 51 passing through the seeder 3 and fixedly connected to the frame 1;

Adjustment block 52 is installed movable inside the seeder 3. The adjustment block 52 is threaded with the outer wall of the screw 51; the cross-section of the adjustment block 52 is in the shape of a "cross";

The handle 53 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the adjustment block 52 .

in:

a. Hard brushes 54 are fixedly installed at both ends of the adjustment block 52, and the brushes 54 are in contact with the outer wall of the screw 51.

The brush 54 can be made of metal wire or PP material. Both materials are hard materials and have good wear resistance.

b. The inner wall of the vertical part of the adjusting block 52 is embedded with uniformly distributed balls 55 , and the balls 55 can roll flexibly on the adjusting block 52 .

c. A connecting plate 7 is fixedly installed on the seeder 3. The connecting plate 7 is located below the frame 1. The end of the fertilizer drop pipe 21 away from the fertilizer box 2 is installed on the connecting plate 7; the connecting plate 7 is fixedly installed with evenly distributed The elastic member 71 is installed on the elastic member 71 at one end of the fertilizer drop pipe 21 away from the fertilizer box 2 .

The elastic member 71 has a jacket composed of two elastic pieces of metal or plastic material, and the fertilizer drop pipe 21 is located on the jacket.

When working, take the 2BYD-6 all-in-one bean and rice interplanting machine as an example. The 2BYD-6 all-in-one bean and rice interplanting machine adopts the "4+2" soybean and corn strip planting mode. It can sow 6 rows at a time, of which There are 2 rows of corn and 4 rows of soybeans, which can realize joint sowing of soybeans and corns. The row spacing is 400mm for corn and 200mm-400mm for soybeans (adjustable). The spacing between plants is 100-140mm for corn and 80-120mm for soybeans. The row spacing between corn and soybeans is 600mm-700mm. (adjustable), the sowing depth is 40-50mm for corn and 30-40mm for soybeans.

When sowing, determine the number of seeders 3 according to the actual sowing conditions, take out the fixed rods inserted in the holes 44 on the first turntable 42 and the second turntable 43 at the bottom of the installation rod 4, and then rotate the rubber wheel 41 so that Rotate the rubber wheel 41 90 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise, then insert the fixed rod into the hole 44 on the first turntable 42 and the second turntable 43, and then remove the movable plate on the bolt 31 so that the seeder 3 is in an adjustable state , at this time, the preliminary preparation work for adjusting the seeder 3 is completed;

After that, the staff holds the handle 53 of the adjusting block 52 with both hands and rotates the adjusting block 52. Since the adjusting block 52 is threaded with the screw 51, and the cross section of the adjusting block 52 is in the shape of a "cross", during the rotation of the adjusting block 52 , the vertical part of the adjustment block 52 pushes the seeder 3 to move to the left or right, and the vertical part of the adjustment block 52 is slidingly connected with the inside of the seeder 3, thereby adjusting the distance between the seeders 3 so that the distance between the seeders 3 The spacing reaches the standard required for planting crops; in this process, a single person only needs to rotate the adjusting block 52 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the spacing of the seeder 3; due to the change in the angle of the rubber wheel 41, the rubber wheel 41 is suspended, thus Avoid the problem that when the adjustment block 52 pushes the seeder 3 to move to the left or right, the rubber wheel 41 will produce static friction with the ground, thereby increasing the difficulty of adjustment; after completing the adjustment, tighten the bolt 31 to make the seeder 3 fixedly connected to the frame 1 Together, the spacing adjustment between the seeders 3 is completed.

When the vertical part of the adjusting block 52 pushes the seeder 3 to move to the left or right, the balls 55 embedded in the vertical part of the adjusting block 52 generate rolling friction with the inside of the seeder 3, thereby reducing the friction caused by the adjusting block when adjusting the spacing. The internal friction between 52 and the seeder 3 increases, making it more difficult to adjust the spacing; when the vertical part of the adjustment block 52 pushes the seeder 3 to move left or right, the two ends of the adjustment block 52 are fixed The installed hard brush 54 generates friction with the surface of the screw 51, and the brush 54 cleans the surface of the screw 51, thereby reducing the dirt adhering to the screw 51 that causes the adjustment block 52 to appear when rotating when the seeder 3 is sowing. stuck phenomenon.

When adjusting the spacing between the seeders 3, the seeder 3 drives the fertilizer drop tube 21 to move synchronously with the seeder 3 through the connecting block, thereby reducing the misalignment of the fertilizer drop tube 21 and the seeder 3 when the distance between the seeders 3 is adjusted. At the same time, since there is a certain distance between the fertilizer drop tube 21 and the seeder 3 when fertilizing different crops, when sowing different crops, it only needs to be based on the distance between the drop tube and the seeder 3. The fertilizer tube 21 can be inserted into the corresponding elastic member 71 on the connecting plate 7;

The adjustment mechanism 5 of this embodiment has high adjustment accuracy when adjusting the spacing between the seeders 3 and can be used in agricultural scientific test fields.

Example 2:

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2:

The bolts 31 are covered with rollers 6. The rollers 6 are located between the seeder 3 and the movable plate 32. Evenly distributed protrusions 61 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drum 6, and the frame 1 is provided with protrusions 61 corresponding to the The pit 62.

in:

a. The roller 6 is made of rubber material.

b. The positions of the protrusions 61 and the pits 62 can be switched, that is, the frame 1 is fixed with evenly distributed protrusions 61, and the outer wall of the drum 6 is provided with pits 62 corresponding to the protrusions 61.

During operation, when the vertical part pushed by the adjusting block 52 pushes the seeder 3 to move left or right, the connection part between the seeder 3 and the frame 1 is in a state of static friction, thereby adjusting the distance between the seeders 3 , the seeder 3 will tilt, which will make it more difficult to adjust the distance between the seeders 3;

The roller 6 is set on the bolt 31. The outer wall of the roller 6 is in contact with the outer surface of the frame 1. The roller 6 is located between the movable plate 32 and the seeder 3. When adjusting the distance between the seeders 3, the bolt 31 follows the movement of the roller 6. The movement of the seeder 3 moves synchronously, and the bolt 31 drives the drum 6 to roll during the movement, converting the static friction between the bolt 31 and the frame 1 into dynamic friction, reducing the difficulty of adjusting the distance between the seeders 3 by the adjustment block 52;

The length of the drum 6 is greater than the width of the connection between the seeder 3 and the frame 1. After adjusting the distance between the seeders 3, tighten the bolts 31 so that the movable plate 32 squeezes the drum 6, and the drum 6 deforms, so that The drum 6 is fixed between the movable plate 32 and the seeder 3; due to the cooperation of the protrusions 61 and the pits 62, the seeder 3 can be firmly fixed with the frame 1, reducing the vibration of the frame 1. The seeders 3 are offset on the frame 1, which leads to deviations in the spacing between the seeders 3.

Example 2:

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2:

The regulating mechanism 5 also includes:

Rack 501, the two ends of the rack 501 pass through the seeder 3 and are fixedly connected to the frame 1;

The gear 502 is installed inside the seeder 3 for rotation, and the gear 502 meshes with the rack 501 .

The rack 501 and the gear 502 are helical gears and helical racks;

in:

a. The helical lift angle of the helical gear is smaller than the equivalent friction angle, achieving self-locking of the rack 501 and the gear 502.

During operation, the preliminary preparation work for adjusting the seeder 3 is the same as in the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here;

Compared with the first embodiment, when adjusting the spacing between the seeders 3, you only need to push the seeders 3 to complete the adjustment of the spacing between the seeders 3;

Push the seeder 3, and the gear 502 installed inside the seeder 3 can move left and right on the rack 501, thereby adjusting the spacing between the seeders 3 so that the spacing between the seeders 3 reaches the standard required for planting crops; and Compared with the first embodiment, the adjustment speed of the adjustment mechanism 5 of this embodiment is greater than that of the first embodiment, and the number of adjustment steps is less than that of the first embodiment. However, the adjustment accuracy of this embodiment is mainly determined by the experience of the staff. Compared with the first embodiment, The adjustment accuracy of this embodiment is poor and can be directly used in traditional agricultural production work.

Claims (10)

1. A corn-soybean composite planting, seeding and fertilizing machine convenient for spacing adjustment, comprising:

a rigid frame (1) with a supporting load;

the fertilizer box (2) is fixedly arranged above the frame (1);

the fertilizer dropping pipe (21) is fixedly arranged below the fertilizer box (2), and the uniformly distributed fertilizer dropping pipe (21) is fixedly arranged below the fertilizer box;

the seeder (3) is arranged on the frame (1), and the seeder (3) are uniformly distributed;

bolts (31), wherein the bolts (31) which are uniformly distributed are fixedly arranged at one end of the seeder (3) facing the fertilizer box (2); a movable plate (32) is sleeved on the bolt (31);

the method is characterized in that: and also comprises

The mounting rod (4) is fixedly arranged at one end of the frame (1) far away from the fertilizer box (2);

a rubber wheel (41), wherein the other end of the installation rod (4) is rotatably provided with the rubber wheel (41) capable of changing angles;

the adjusting mechanism (5) is arranged at the gravity center position of the seeder (3), and the adjusting mechanism (5) is used for adjusting the distance between the seeders (3) on the frame (1).

2. The corn-soybean composite planting, seeding and fertilizing machine convenient for adjusting the spacing as set forth in claim 1, wherein: one end of the mounting rod (4) far away from the seeder (3) is fixedly provided with a first rotary disc (42), one end of the rubber wheel (41) close to the mounting rod (4) is fixedly provided with a second rotary disc (43), and the first rotary disc (42) and the second rotary disc (43) are provided with mutually corresponding through holes (44).

3. The corn-soybean composite planting, seeding and fertilizing machine convenient for adjusting the spacing as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the adjusting mechanism (5) comprises:

the two ends of the screw rod (51) penetrate through the seeder (3) and are fixedly connected with the frame (1);

the adjusting block (52) is movably arranged in the seeder (3), and the adjusting block (52) is in threaded fit with the outer wall of the screw rod (51); the section of the adjusting block (52) is cross-shaped;

the handle (53) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the adjusting block (52).

4. A corn-soybean composite planting, seeding and fertilizing machine convenient for adjusting spacing as set forth in claim 2, wherein: both ends of the adjusting block (52) are fixedly provided with hard brushes (54), and the brushes (54) are contacted with the outer wall of the screw rod (51).

5. A corn-soybean composite planting, seeding and fertilizing machine convenient for adjusting spacing as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the inner wall of the vertical part of the regulating block (52) is embedded with evenly distributed balls (55), and the balls (55) can flexibly roll on the regulating block (52).

6. The corn-soybean composite planting, seeding and fertilizing machine convenient for adjusting the spacing as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the bolts (31) are respectively sleeved with a roller (6), the rollers (6) are positioned between the seeder (3) and the movable plate (32), the outer walls of the rollers (6) are fixedly provided with uniformly distributed convex points (61), and the rack (1) is provided with concave pits (62) corresponding to the convex points (61).

7. The corn-soybean composite planting, seeding and fertilizing machine convenient for adjusting the spacing as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the seeder (3) is fixedly provided with a connecting plate (7), the connecting plate (7) is positioned below the frame (1), and one end of the fertilizer dropping pipe (21) far away from the fertilizer box (2) is arranged on the connecting plate (7).

8. The corn-soybean composite planting, seeding and fertilizing machine convenient for adjusting the spacing as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the connecting plate (7) is fixedly provided with elastic pieces (71) which are uniformly distributed, and one end of the fertilizer dropping pipe (21) far away from the fertilizer box (2) is arranged on the elastic pieces (71).

9. A corn-soybean composite planting, seeding and fertilizing machine convenient for adjusting spacing as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the adjusting mechanism (5) further comprises:

the rack (501) is fixedly connected with the frame (1) by penetrating through the seeder (3) at two ends of the rack (501);

and a gear (502), the gear (502) is rotatably arranged in the seeder (3), and the gear (502) is meshed with the rack (501).

10. The corn-soybean composite planting, seeding and fertilizing machine convenient for adjusting the spacing as set forth in claim 9, wherein: the rack (501) and the gear (502) are helical gears and bevel racks; the helical gear helix angle is less than the equivalent friction angle.