CN1168377A - 新的丁丙诺菲止痛剂同型物 - Google Patents
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- RMRJXGBAOAMLHD-IHFGGWKQSA-N buprenorphine Chemical compound C([C@]12[C@H]3OC=4C(O)=CC=C(C2=4)C[C@@H]2[C@]11CC[C@]3([C@H](C1)[C@](C)(O)C(C)(C)C)OC)CN2CC1CC1 RMRJXGBAOAMLHD-IHFGGWKQSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D489/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 4aH-8, 9 c- Iminoethano-phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems, e.g. derivatives of [4, 5-epoxy]-morphinan of the formula:
- C07D489/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 4aH-8, 9 c- Iminoethano-phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems, e.g. derivatives of [4, 5-epoxy]-morphinan of the formula: with oxygen atoms attached in positions 3 and 6, e.g. morphine, morphinone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D489/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 4aH-8, 9 c- Iminoethano-phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems, e.g. derivatives of [4, 5-epoxy]-morphinan of the formula:
- C07D489/09—Heterocyclic compounds containing 4aH-8, 9 c- Iminoethano-phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems, e.g. derivatives of [4, 5-epoxy]-morphinan of the formula: containing 4aH-8, 9 c-Iminoethano- phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D489/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 4aH-8, 9 c- Iminoethano-phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems, e.g. derivatives of [4, 5-epoxy]-morphinan of the formula: containing 4aH-8, 9 c-Iminoethano- phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems with a bridge between positions 6 and 14
- C07D489/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 4aH-8, 9 c- Iminoethano-phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems, e.g. derivatives of [4, 5-epoxy]-morphinan of the formula: containing 4aH-8, 9 c-Iminoethano- phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems with a bridge between positions 6 and 14 the bridge containing only two carbon atoms
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Abstract
本发明的目的提供下式(I)代表的新的丁丙诺菲止痛剂同型物及其非毒性药学上可接受的盐(式中,R1是氢原子、甲基、乙基、环丙基或环丁基并且R2是环丙基或环丁基)。
Description
本发明涉及具有较好的止痛作用和较低药物依赖性的新的丁丙诺菲止痛剂同型物及其制备方法,该方法包括以蒂巴因为原材料的合成反应步骤。
关于开发丁丙诺菲止痛剂同型物以改善止痛效能的研究并不多。
R2是环丙基或环丁基。
优选的化合物的熔点分别为:式(I)a化合物:262-265℃;式(I)b化合物:238-239℃;式(I)c化合物:253-255℃。
图1示出了式(I)a化合物在小鼠的热板试验中的止痛效应。
图2示出了式(I)b化合物(●)和丁丙诺菲(○)在小鼠的热板试验中的止痛效应。
图3示出了式(I)b化合物(●)和丁丙诺菲(○)在小鼠的乙酸扭动试验中的止痛效应。
本发明的新的丁丙诺菲同型物可以用下述的制备方法来制备。
正如上述反应路线所示,式(II)的蒂巴因被用作原材料。式(III)化合物是按照Diels-Alder反应用蒂巴因(II)和甲基乙烯基酮以90-95%的收率制备的。通过使格利雅试剂(R2MgX)与式(IV)化合物反应,以60-65%的收率获得式(V)化合物。最后,式(I)′化合物可以通过在二甘醇和KOH碱存在下,于220-240℃加热式(V)化合物获得;或者通过将式(V)化合物在DMF(二甲基甲酰胺)溶剂中与正丁基硫醇钠、异丙基硫醇钠和氢硫化钠碱一起回流来制备。
式(VI)化合物是在用氰基基团在式(V)化合物的N位置上取代甲基基团后制备的。
式(VII)的脲型化合物是在将式(VI)化合物与28-32%过氧化氢在氢氧化钠存在下反应制备的。然后,式(VIII)化合物是通过将式(VII)化合物在二甘醇溶剂和KOH碱存在下于165-175℃下加热制备的。式(IX)化合物是通过用R1CH2X将式(VIII)化合物烷基化获得的。
最后,式(I)化合物可以通过在二甘醇溶剂和KOH碱存在下,于220-240℃加热式(IX)化合物获得;或者通过将式(IX)化合物在DMF溶剂中与正丁基硫醇钠、异丙基硫醇钠和氢硫化钠碱一起回流来制备。
为测定式(I)化合物的止痛效能,将式(I)a化合物和式(I)b化合物选作测试材料。测试方法和结果描述如下。
1.测定痛觉缺失的热板试验(1)方法
用重量为18-22克的雌性小鼠。反应时间是从小鼠置于板(55℃±0.5℃)上直至对热感受伤害的刺激(舔后爪、跳跃、爪的突然摇动)出现行为反映的时间。如果在30秒内没有获得反映,将小鼠抛弃。截止时间为60秒。在皮下注射化合物之前和30秒之后对小鼠进行测试。用止痛的量化判据计算ED50值。(2)结果
在热板试验中,我们发现,式(I)a化合物产生剂量依赖止痛作用。当止痛效应达到100%时,增加剂量不会减少止痛效果。其性质与兴奋剂的一致(图1)。如表1所示,式(I)a化合物的ED50值为吗啡的大约1/100。[表1]式(I)a化合物在热板试验中ED50值
化合物 | ED50(95%置信界限) |
式(I)a化合物吗啡 | 57.75微克/公斤(33.12-100.71)5.81毫克/公斤(3.43-9.86) |
2.测定痛觉缺失的乙酸扭动试验(1)方法
用重量为18-22克的雄性小鼠。腹膜内注射浓度为0.6%的乙酸(10毫升/公斤)。5分钟后,记录随后10分钟期间扭动的频率。皮下注射被研究的化合物并用作对照。止痛作用表示为扭动频率减少的百分数。(2)结果
式(I)b化合物与式(I)a化合物不同。它没能够在热板试验中产生止痛作用,但是在乙酸扭动试验中是有效的,其效能与丁丙诺菲的几乎相同(图2)。这种对较高刺激强度效应的丧失也许对于不完全兴奋剂也可预料到(表2)。[表2]式(I)b化合物在小鼠的乙酸扭动试验中ED50值
化合物 | ED50(95%置信界限) |
式(I)b化合物丁丙诺啡 | 11.08微克/公斤(6.63-18.51)6.93毫克/公斤(4.67-10.29) |
3.抗吗啡实验(1)方法
在这些实验中使用上述的热板试验。在注入所研究的化合物之前给小鼠皮下注射吗啡(Mor)24毫克/公斤。15分钟后,通过皮下注射给予式(I)b化合物(112.5-1800微克/公斤)或丁丙诺菲(Bup)(470-3600微克/公斤),测定小鼠的反应潜伏期。将抗吗啡止痛效应表示为抑制百分数。计算AD50值(使吗啡止痛作用抑制50%所需的剂量)。(2)结果
式(I)b化合物在热板试验中显示了其抗吗啡作用。结果表明,式(I)b化合物具有明显的抗化学感受伤害刺激的作用,其效能大约与丁丙诺菲(一种典型的不完全兴奋剂)的相同(图3,表2)。式(I)b化合物也与Bup一样,拮抗Mor止痛作用(表3)。[表3]式(I)b化合物在小鼠的热板试验中的抗吗啡效应
化合物 | AD50(95%置信界限) |
式(I)a化合物丁丙诺菲 | 397.24微克/公斤(345.68-456.50)1.33毫克/公斤(1.15-1.56) |
用下述实施例可以更正确地解释本发明。然而,本发明的范围并不限于下述实施例。实施例1 7α-乙酰基-6,14-内亚乙烯基四氢蒂巴因(III)的制备
将蒂巴因(II)(2克,6.43毫摩尔)与甲基乙烯基酮(910毫升)加热回流1小时。减压蒸馏除去过量的不饱和酮,将残余物溶解在煮沸过的甲醇(5毫升)中。将混合溶剂在冰浴中剧烈搅拌。过滤形成的浅棕色结晶性固体,用冷甲醇洗涤,减压干燥。最后,以92%的收率获得化合物(III)(2.25克)。实施例2 7α-乙酰基-6,14-内亚乙烯基四氢蒂巴因(IV)的制备
将7α-乙酰基-6,14-内亚乙烯基四氢蒂巴因(III)(1.0克,2.6毫摩尔)溶解在40毫升乙醇中,用5%钯催化剂(0.2克)在室温下氢化30小时。将氢气压力保持在60磅/平方英寸。从反应混合物中滤除催化剂,将混合溶液浓缩。最后,用乙醇将形成的产物重结晶,以80%的收率获得式(IV)化合物。实施例3 6,14-内亚乙烯基-7-(2-羟基-2-环丙基-2-乙基)四氢蒂巴因(V)的制备
在一个圆底烧瓶中,用氮气赶出空气,投入环丙基溴化镁(13.7毫摩尔)。加入10毫升苯以提高沸点,将混合物回流。在回流期间,将化合物(IV)(1.05克,2.74毫摩尔)溶解在15毫升苯中,将该溶液滴加到混合物中。回流大约1小时30分钟后,将混合物在室温下冷却,减压除去饱和氯化铵和溶剂。最后,用闪柱色谱将残余物纯化,得到化合物(V)(691毫克,60%)。实施例4 6,14-内亚乙烯基-7-(2-羟基-2-环丙基-2-乙基)四氢东罂粟碱(I)a的制备
在大约140℃下,将置于25毫升二甘醇中的化合物(V)(1.1克,2.6毫摩尔)溶于KOH(4.3克,77毫摩尔)中。将混合物搅拌并且加热至210-230℃,反应12小时。反应完毕后,将化合物在0℃下冷却,加入10毫升冰水和饱和氯化铵水溶液。收集产生的固体沉淀物,用二氯甲烷提取。然后,用闪柱色谱分离获得固体产物(60%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ6.68(d,1H;J=8.0Hz),6.52(d,1H;J=8.0Hz),5.00(s,1H),4.40(s,1H),3.51(s,3H),3.11(d,1H;J=18.48Hz),2.90(m,1H),2.70(d,1H;J=6.24Hz),2.46(m,1H),2.32(s,4H),2.35~2.18(m,1H),2.07(ddd,1H),1.94(t,1H),1.77(t,2H),1.66(dd,1H),1.31(s,3H),1.24(q,1H),1.06(m,1H),0.84(m,2H),0.48(dd,2H),0.28(dd,2H)
13C-NMR(CDCl3):δ145.76,137.64,132.26,128.15,119.59,116.75,97.39,80.39,73.88,61.50,52.80,47.52,46.50,43.65,36.22,35.54,31.95,29.95,22.77,22.16,20.84,17.93,0.86
实施例5 N-氰基-6,14-内亚乙烯基-7-(2-羟基-2-环丙基-2-乙基)四氢蒂巴因(VI)的制备
将化合物(V)(2克,4.8毫摩尔)溶解在20毫升氯仿中,向此混合物溶液中加入BrCN(1.6克,15毫摩尔)。将混合物搅拌4小时后,真空除去溶剂。真空干燥获得固体产物。最后,用乙醇重结晶形成的产物,以88%的收率获得纯化合物(VI)。实施例6 6,14-内亚乙烯基-7-(2-羟基-2-环丙基-2-乙基)四氢蒂巴因(VIII)的制备
将化合物(IV)(1.32克,32毫摩尔)溶解在1,4-二氧六环中,加入30%过氧化氢(14.4毫升,12.8毫摩尔)一个圆底烧瓶中,用氮气赶出空气,投入环丙基溴化镁(13.7毫摩尔)。在搅拌下向混合物中滴加8毫升2N的NaOH溶液。这时,产生氧气和热量。40分钟后,不再放出氧气,温度降低。这时,用氯仿将反应混合物提取,减压干燥获得脲型混合物(VII)。将该脲型化合物(1.2克,2.72毫摩尔)与氢氧化钾(0.88克,16毫摩尔)一起搅拌并与40毫升二甘醇在170-190℃反应4小时。反应后,将混合物在大约0℃下冷却,加入60毫升蒸馏水。最后,过滤,洗涤并干燥形成的固体材料获得化合物(VIII)(0.96克,88%)。实施例7 N-环丙基甲基-6,14-内亚乙烯基-7-(2-羟基-2-环丙基-2-乙基)四氢去甲蒂巴因(IX)的制备
将溴甲基环丙烷(536毫克,4毫摩尔)、碳酸钾(91克,7.2毫摩尔)和化合物(VIII)(1克,2.5毫摩尔)缓慢地加到10毫升二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中。加完后,将混合物在130-140℃下加热并搅拌3小时。过滤并除去过量的碳酸钾,真空蒸馏除去DMF。最后,将形成的固体材料过滤并真空干燥得到化合物(IX)。实施例8 N-环丙基甲基-6,14-内亚乙烯基-7-(2-羟基-2-环丙基-2-乙基)四氢去甲东罂粟碱(I)b的制备
将化合物(IX)(800毫克,1.7毫摩尔)和NaOH(134毫克,5.61毫摩尔)悬浮在20毫升DMF中。缓慢加入正丁基硫醇(504毫克,5.61毫摩尔)并回流40分钟。然后,将化合物冷却至大约0℃,加入20毫升蒸馏水。最后,将形成的固体材料过滤并用乙醇重结晶,得到化合物(I)b。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ6.69(d,1H;J=7.8Hz),6.51(d,1H;J=8.1Hz),5.04(s,1H),4.42(s,3H),3.03~2.96(m,3H),2.62(dd,1H),2.37~2.20(m,4H),2.07(ddd,1H),1.96(t,1H),1.78(t,2H),1.67(d,1H),1.32(s,2H),1.23(m,1H),0.80(m,2H),0.52~0.47(m,3H),0.36~0.32(m,2H),0.11(dd,2H)
13C-NMR(CDCl3):δ145.76,137.52,132.65,128.49,119.67,116.61,97.68,80.57,74.04,60.03,58.50,52.89,47.70,47.33,43.95,36.14,35.76,31.98,30.09,22.91,22.73,20.92,18.00,9.62,4.38,3.59,0.97
实施例9 6,14-内亚乙烯基-7-(2-羟基-2-环丁基-2-乙基)四氢蒂巴因(V)的制备
在一个圆底烧瓶中,用氮气赶出空气,投入环丁基溴化镁(9.59毫摩尔)。加入7毫升苯以提高沸点,将混合物回流。在回流期间,将化合物(IV)(735毫克,1.92毫摩尔)溶解在11毫升苯中,将该溶液滴加到混合物中。将混合物在室温下冷却,减压除去饱和氯化铵和溶剂。最后,用闪柱色谱将残余物纯化,得到化合物(V)(523毫克,62%)。
实施例10 6,14-内亚乙烯基-7-(2-羟基-2-环丁基-2-乙基)四氢东罂粟碱(I)c的制备
在大约140℃下,将置于9毫升二甘醇中的化合物(V)(686毫克,1.56毫摩尔)溶于KOH(2.58克,46.2毫摩尔)中。反应完毕后,将混合物在大约0℃下冷却,加入6毫升冰水和饱和氯化铵。收集产生的固体沉淀物,用二氯甲烷提取。然后,用闪柱色谱分离沉淀物获得固体产物(60%)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ6.70(d,1H;J=8.07Hz),6.53(d,1H;J=8.04Hz),5.21(s,1H),4.39(s,1H),3.52(s,3H),3.11(d,1H;J=18.51Hz),2.70~2.60(m,2H),2.48~2.24(m,2H),2.31(s,1H),2.20~2.08(m,1H),1.96(ddd,1H),1.84~1.62(m,8H),1.17(s,3H),1.13~1.00(m,2H),0.80(m,1H)
13C-NMR(CDCl3):δ145.59,137.51,131.97,127.84,119.45,116.69,96.90,80.14,75.30,61.23,52.60,46.23,45.19,43.49,43.25,42.95,35.90,35.31,31.39,29.69,21.95,21.52,21.18,20.03,17.86,16.57
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CN102046631A (zh) * | 2008-03-31 | 2011-05-04 | 阳光医药工业有限公司 | 制备吗啡烷类似物的改良方法 |
CN101492451B (zh) * | 2008-01-24 | 2011-12-21 | 复旦大学 | 8α取代芳基-4,5-环氧吗啡喃衍生物或其盐、制备方法和用途 |
CN102307877A (zh) * | 2008-12-08 | 2012-01-04 | 欧洲凯尔特公司 | 二氢埃托啡及其制备 |
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US7119100B2 (en) * | 2001-09-14 | 2006-10-10 | Institute Of Pharmacology And Toxicology Academy Of Military Medical Sciences, P.L.A. China | Oripavine derivatives and their uses as pharmaceuticals |
CN1233645C (zh) * | 2001-09-14 | 2005-12-28 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所 | 新的东罂粟碱衍生物及其医药用途 |
US7220842B2 (en) * | 2004-04-05 | 2007-05-22 | Dade Behring Inc. | Immunoassays for buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine |
KR20060021542A (ko) * | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-08 | 한미약품 주식회사 | 부프레노르핀 유도체 및 이의 약학적으로 허용가능한 염 |
DE602006008991D1 (de) | 2006-01-05 | 2009-10-15 | Mallinckrodt Inc | Verwendung von oripavin als ausgangsmaterial für buprenorphin |
GB0606124D0 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2006-05-03 | Reckitt Benckiser Healthcare | Buprenorphine derivatives and uses thereof |
US8269006B2 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2012-09-18 | Mallinckrodt Llc | Processes for the selective amination of ketomorphinans |
WO2010039210A1 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-08 | Mallinckrodt Inc. | Processes for the hydrogenation of opiate alkaloid derivatives |
EP2342208B1 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2014-06-04 | Mallinckrodt LLC | Recycling process for increasing the yield of a grignard reaction in the preparation of opiate alkaloid derivatives |
EP2344509B1 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2015-11-11 | Mallinckrodt LLC | Processes for the production of buprenorphine with reduced impurity formation |
NZ595591A (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2013-11-29 | Univ Brock | Processes for the preparation of morphinane and morphinone compounds |
FR2975912B1 (fr) | 2011-05-30 | 2013-06-14 | Flamel Tech Sa | Composition a liberation controlee de buprenorphine |
GB2560284B (en) * | 2011-10-03 | 2019-01-09 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Process for the 3-O-demethylation of morphinan compounds |
AU2013369037C1 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2017-06-08 | Rhodes Technologies | Process for preparing 7beta-substituted 6alpha,14alpha -ethenomorphinans and 7beta-substituted 6alpha,14alpha-ethanomorphinans |
US8969358B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-03-03 | Purdue Pharma L.P. | Buprenorphine analogs |
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GB1116595A (en) * | 1964-07-08 | 1968-06-06 | Reckitt & Sons Ltd | Codeine and morphine derivatives |
PT95069B (pt) * | 1989-08-24 | 1997-10-31 | Searle & Co | Processo para a preparacao de (+)-isomeros de derivados de endoetano/endoetanoepoximofinano, uteis como agentes anti-tussicos |
US5552406A (en) * | 1994-06-17 | 1996-09-03 | The Mclean Hospital Corporation | Method for treating pain and brain perfusion abnormalities using mixed opioid agonist-antagonists |
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CN101492451B (zh) * | 2008-01-24 | 2011-12-21 | 复旦大学 | 8α取代芳基-4,5-环氧吗啡喃衍生物或其盐、制备方法和用途 |
CN102046631A (zh) * | 2008-03-31 | 2011-05-04 | 阳光医药工业有限公司 | 制备吗啡烷类似物的改良方法 |
CN102307877A (zh) * | 2008-12-08 | 2012-01-04 | 欧洲凯尔特公司 | 二氢埃托啡及其制备 |
CN104119349A (zh) * | 2008-12-08 | 2014-10-29 | 欧洲凯尔特公司 | 二氢埃托啡及其制备 |
CN104119349B (zh) * | 2008-12-08 | 2017-04-12 | 欧洲凯尔特公司 | 二氢埃托啡及其制备 |
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GB9710996D0 (en) | 1997-07-23 |
US5849915A (en) | 1998-12-15 |
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