CN116831547B - A transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device and a method of using the same - Google Patents
A transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device and a method of using the same Download PDFInfo
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/03—Measuring fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure ; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs
- A61B5/036—Measuring fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure ; Measuring pressure in body tissues or organs by means introduced into body tracts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种经阴道腹内压测压装置及其使用方法，所述经阴道腹内压测压装置包括MCU(微控制单元)、蓝牙发射模块和纽扣电池模块，所述压力传感器、蓝牙发射模块和纽扣电池模块均固定在所述MCU上，所述MCU分别与所述压力传感器、蓝牙发射模块和纽扣电池模块连接，所述压力传感器位于所述阴道内，用于采集腹内压力信号并将采集的压力信号反馈给所述MCU，所述MCU用于压力信号的采集控制和数据处理，并将处理后的压力数据通过所述蓝牙发送模块发送至终端，能够用于间接测量封闭的腹腔压力，是一种无创的测压设备，结构小巧，使用便捷，舒适度更高，填补国内在经阴道腹内压测压相关装置、仪器或设备方面研制的空白。
The present invention relates to a transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device and a method for using the same. The transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device comprises an MCU (microcontroller unit), a Bluetooth transmitting module and a button battery module. The pressure sensor, the Bluetooth transmitting module and the button battery module are all fixed on the MCU. The MCU is respectively connected to the pressure sensor, the Bluetooth transmitting module and the button battery module. The pressure sensor is located in the vagina and is used to collect intra-abdominal pressure signals and feed the collected pressure signals back to the MCU. The MCU is used for pressure signal collection control and data processing, and sends the processed pressure data to a terminal through the Bluetooth transmitting module. The device can be used to indirectly measure the closed abdominal cavity pressure. The device is a non-invasive pressure measuring device with a compact structure, convenient use and higher comfort, filling the gap in the research and development of devices, instruments or equipment related to transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measurement in China.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device and a using method thereof, belonging to the field of medical appliances.
Background
There are also many situations where physiological pressure is monitored clinically, such as intracranial pressure measurement, intravascular pressure, gastrointestinal pressure, urinary tract, cystometrogram, rectal pressure measurement, and the like. Physiological pressure measurement systems typically employ electromechanical transducers that convert pressure into electrical signals that can be processed, displayed, and stored. Microelectromechanical System (MEMS) based physiological pressure monitoring sensors are used in combination with wireless telemetry to transmit pressure data acquired in vivo to a receiver located at an external location (Tan, 2009). It generally includes an implanted sensor and an external receiver. Fully implantable pressure sensors are used only for monitoring the pressure in a fluid-filled environment, such as vascular applications, and are not suitable for measuring body cavities, such as the vagina or rectum.
The abdominal cavity is a perfectly closed system, and for normal people, the pelvic dynamics seems to be abstract, since we cannot directly perform continuous, dynamic, noninvasive intra-abdominal pressure monitoring, however, we can indirectly measure intra-abdominal pressure, such as through the bladder, rectum, and even vagina, to indirectly reflect changes in intra-abdominal pressure. The methods currently available for indirect measurement of intra-abdominal pressure are:
Sensor tip catheter its sensor is located at the catheter tip and can be placed directly at the physiological site to be monitored, its sensing is sensitive and accurate (Stoker, 2004), but it requires a fluid-filled environment, and the position and orientation of the sensor tip catheter can vary greatly the pressure readings (Holt, 1990; perucchini, 2002), so that it is generally used in the bladder, and the amount of fluid in the bladder also requires tighter control, for urodynamic examination. However, due to their invasive and generally wired connection, IAP monitoring is not suitable for everyday activities.
Fluid coupling sensor the fluid coupling sensor uses an incompressible fluid, such as saline, to transmit pressure from a measured physiological site to a sensor located at an external site. It can be implemented for monitoring in a non-fluid filled environment, such as the vagina or rectum. Due to the distance of the sensor from the pressure source, the fluid filled tube transmitting the pressure signal can have a significant impact on the accuracy of the measurement (Hunziker 1987; hundley, 2006). In addition, the damping and resonance effects of these systems depend on component characteristics such as length, diameter and stiffness of tubing connecting the sensor to the measurement site (Stoker 2004). Other factors, such as bubbles in the tubing, may lead to erroneous pressure measurements (Malbrain 2009). It can be used for urodynamic examination. But it is generally more suitable for measuring IAP under static conditions due to the poor dynamic response to rapid changes in pressure (Johnson et al 2009).
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device and a using method thereof, which can be used for indirectly measuring the closed abdominal pressure, are noninvasive pressure measuring equipment, have small structure and higher convenience and comfort in use, can indirectly measure the intra-abdominal pressure through vagina, change the intra-abdominal pressure at any time when people engage in daily life and sports activities, and can be placed in the vagina to monitor the dynamic change of the intra-abdominal pressure in real time.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The invention provides a transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device which comprises an MCU, a pressure sensor, a Bluetooth transmitting module and a button battery module, wherein the pressure sensor, the Bluetooth transmitting module and the button battery module are all fixed on the MCU, the MCU is respectively connected with the pressure sensor, the Bluetooth transmitting module and the button battery module, the pressure sensor is positioned in a vagina and is used for collecting intra-abdominal pressure signals and feeding back the collected pressure signals to the MCU, and the MCU is used for collecting control and data processing of the pressure signals and sending the processed pressure data to a terminal through the Bluetooth transmitting module.
Further, the MCU and the Bluetooth transmitting module are integrated into a transmission control module.
Further, the pressure sensor is a BMP280 sensor.
Further, the button battery module comprises a battery seat and a battery arranged on the battery seat, wherein the battery seat is fixedly arranged on the MCU, and the length, width and height of the transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device are 22mm, 18mm and 8mm.
Further, the Bluetooth transmitting module transmits the pressure signal to the terminal for displaying, the terminal comprises a Bluetooth receiving module, and the Bluetooth transmitting module and the Bluetooth receiving module are connected by Bluetooth signals.
Further, MCU, pressure sensor, bluetooth transmitting module and button cell module are all fixed in the overcoat, the overcoat intussuseption is filled with gas, the overcoat forms into a cross-section and is annular and from last handle column structure that reduces gradually to lower diameter after aerifing.
Further, an opening is formed in the top of the outer sleeve, the opening is opposite to the button battery module, and the opening is used for replacing the battery in the button battery module.
Further, two cavities are formed in the outer sleeve in a separated mode, a set of MCU, a pressure sensor, a Bluetooth transmitting module and a button battery module are arranged in the two cavities respectively, an opening is formed in the top of each cavity, the opening is opposite to the button battery module located in the corresponding cavity, and the opening is used for replacing a battery in the button battery module.
Furthermore, the outer side of the outer sleeve is also provided with an annular fixing bracket.
The invention also provides a using method of the transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device, which is based on the transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Pushing the transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device into vagina by adopting a pushing device;
patients are instructed to cough or bowel movements, and pressure change curves are recorded.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
The intra-abdominal pressure measuring device comprises an MCU, a pressure sensor, a Bluetooth transmitting module and a button battery module, wherein the MCU is respectively connected with the pressure sensor, the Bluetooth transmitting module and the button battery module. The pressure measuring device can be used for indirectly measuring the pressure of the closed abdominal cavity, is noninvasive pressure measuring equipment, has small structure, convenient use and higher comfort level, and fills the blank of developing related devices, instruments or equipment for measuring the intra-abdominal pressure through vagina in China.
The time response is fast, the measurement accuracy is high, and the vaginal pressure change can be accurately measured.
Current urodynamic examination is a gold standard for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure, which measures dynamically changing intra-abdominal pressure, such as coughing or bowel movement (vasaval) of the patient during the examination, and changes in intra-abdominal pressure.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Like parts are designated with like reference numerals throughout the drawings.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure manometer provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit connection diagram between the MCU and the pressure sensor;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure manometer;
FIG. 4 is a graph of pressure change measured in vitro by a vaginal intra-abdominal pressure manometer;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the in vivo test pressure change of a transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure manometer;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a first embodiment of a transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure manometer device including a housing;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 6;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure manometer including a housing;
FIG. 10 is a top view of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure manometer including a sheath around a stationary support;
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the invention provides a connected intra-abdominal pressure measuring device which comprises an MCU, a pressure sensor, a Bluetooth transmitting module and a button battery module, wherein the MCU is respectively connected with the pressure sensor, the Bluetooth transmitting module and the button battery module. The pressure measuring device can be used for indirectly measuring the pressure of the closed abdominal cavity, is noninvasive pressure measuring equipment, has small structure, is convenient to use and higher in comfort level, and fills the blank of developing related devices, instruments or equipment for measuring the intra-abdominal pressure through vagina in China.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device, which includes an MCU1, a pressure sensor 2, a bluetooth transmitting module 3 and a button battery module 4, wherein the pressure sensor 2, the bluetooth transmitting module 3 and the button battery module 4 are all fixed on the MCU1, the MCU1 is respectively connected with the pressure sensor 2, the bluetooth transmitting module 3 and the button battery module 4, the pressure sensor 2 is located in the vagina and is used for collecting intra-abdominal pressure signals and feeding back the collected pressure signals to the MCU1, and the MCU1 is used for collecting control and data processing of the pressure signals and transmitting the processed pressure data to a terminal through the bluetooth transmitting module 3.
The transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device can be used for indirectly measuring the pressure of the closed abdominal cavity, is noninvasive measuring equipment, has small structure, convenient use and higher comfort level, and fills the blank of developing related transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring devices, instruments or equipment in China.
Preferably, the MCU1 and the bluetooth transmitting module 3 are integrated into a transmission control module. The transmission control module can be directly purchased and obtained, and has MCU function, bluetooth transmission function and UART (universal asynchronous receiver transmitter) transmission function, and has the appearance as small and exquisite as possible so as to realize the miniaturization of the device. Reference is made to the XIAO BLE SENSE module from SEEED Studio.
Preferably, the pressure sensor 2 is a BMP280 sensor. The BMP280 is obtained through purchase, and the digital air pressure sensor with high precision and low power consumption of the BMP280 sensor has the relative precision of +/-0.12 hPa (equivalent to +/-1 meter) and can simultaneously measure pressure and temperature.
The button battery module 4 is connected with a battery seat and a battery arranged on the battery seat, and the battery seat is fixedly arranged on the MCU 1. The button cell module 4 is preferably a CR1220 type.
As shown in fig. 2 and table 1, the MCU1 and the pressure sensor 2 are connected by four wires, specifically, as shown in table 1, the 3V3 end of the MCU is electrically connected with the VCC end of the pressure sensor 2, the GND end of the MCU is electrically connected with the GND end of the pressure sensor 2, the SDA end of the MCU1 is electrically connected with the SDI end of the pressure sensor, and the SCL end of the MCU1 is electrically connected with the SCK of the pressure sensor. After connection, the MCU1 can realize acquisition control of pressure signals of the pressure sensor 2 through an I2C protocol, and the pressure signals are transmitted to a Bluetooth module through a UART protocol after data processing and then transmitted to a terminal.
And programming on an Arduino IDE of a software development platform to collect and transmit pressure data and temperature data. The pressure sensor can be controlled to perform data acquisition of pressure and temperature by modifying program codes (mainly the sampling mode and parameter setting of the pressure sensor) of the development routine and downloading the data into the MCU. The control platform parameters are as follows:
The software development platform of the intra-vaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device is Arduino IDE 2.0.3;
the pressure sensor and the MCU are transmitted by adopting an I2C protocol;
UART protocol transmission is adopted between the MCU and the Bluetooth transmitting module;
the MCU software is obtained by modifying program codes in a development routine;
The pressure sensor 2 is provided with a SAMPLING mode, a pressure oversampling multiple, a filtering mode, a filtering OFF mode and an idle time, wherein the SAMPLING mode is Normal, the pressure oversampling multiple is sampling_x16 (16 times), the filtering mode is provided with a filter_off (no filtering), and the idle time is standby_ms_1 (1 MS);
And finally, the pressure test data is sent out in a wireless mode through a Bluetooth transmitting module, and a receiving end (such as a Bluetooth receiving module in a mobile phone) receives the data and processes the data to obtain a pressure curve.
Table 1 shows the correspondence between the transmission control module (XIAO BLE SENSE as an example) and the pressure sensor connection
The Bluetooth transmitting module 3 transmits signals to the terminal for display, the terminal comprises a Bluetooth receiving module, and Bluetooth signal connection is arranged between the Bluetooth transmitting module and the Bluetooth receiving module 3.
The terminal is preferably a mobile phone mobile terminal.
The button battery module 4 and the pressure sensor 2 are both fixed on the MCU1 and electrically connected with the MCU1, and the length, width and height of the transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device are 22mm, 18mm and 8mm. The transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device provided by the invention has the advantages of small mechanism, high measuring precision and high comfort level.
The experimental effect is as follows:
the intra-abdominal pressure measuring device through the vagina provided by the embodiment 1 is tested in vitro and in vagina, and can monitor pressure change conveniently, dynamically and noninvasively. In vitro testing, the pressure measuring device module is placed in an inflated sealed fresh-keeping bag, the surface is suddenly beaten by hands, and the obtained test data result is shown in the following figure 4;
The device is placed in a rubber glove, as shown in the following figure 5, the inflatable glove is placed in a fornix behind a vagina, a patient is instructed to cough and Vasaval, a vagina pressure test curve is shown as follows, Z1 and Z2 are pressure change curves caused by the cough action of the subject, Z3 is pressure change caused by Vasaval action (action of forcefully discharging stool) of the subject, but meanwhile, the device is slowly extruded out of the vagina due to the increase of abdominal pressure, the whole process accords with the actual condition of pressure, the device is sensitive in response, the pressure resolution is less than 1Pa, the measurement accuracy is high, the measurement result accords with the expectation, and the change trend of the vagina pressure can be accurately reflected.
As shown in fig. 6 to 11, as another embodiment, the transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device further comprises an outer sleeve, wherein the MCU1, the pressure sensor 2, the bluetooth transmitting module 3 and the button cell module 4 are fixed in the outer sleeve 10, and the outer sleeve 10 is filled with gas.
The jacket 10 is preferably a silicone jacket. The outer sheath 10 is formed into a handle-like structure having a circular cross section and gradually decreasing in diameter from top to bottom after being inflated, which can improve comfort when inserted into the interior of the vagina.
The top of the outer sleeve 10 is further formed with an opening 20, a sealing cover (not shown in the figure) is arranged at the opening 20, the sealing cover is also preferably made of a silica gel outer sleeve, the opening 20 is opposite to the button cell module, and the opening 20 is used for replacing the cells in the button cell module. When the battery needs to be replaced, the sealing cover 20 is opened, the battery is taken out and replaced, after the replacement, the sealing cover is covered for sealing, the sleeve 1 is inflated, and then the sleeve is inserted into the vagina for testing.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6 to 8, the transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device is a single-cavity pressure measuring device, the casing 10 includes only one cavity, and the length and shape of the casing 10 are adapted to the vagina.
As a second embodiment, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device is a dual-cavity pressure measuring device, two separate cavities are formed in the outer sleeve 10, and one transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device 40 is respectively disposed in each of the two cavities. The top of each cavity is provided with an opening 20, the opening 20 is opposite to the button battery module in the corresponding cavity, and the opening is used for replacing the battery in the button battery module. The two cavities can be placed in vagina according to the labeling site selection direction before and after labeling, and the change condition of intra-abdominal pressure corresponding to the front pelvic cavity direction and the rear pelvic cavity direction is measured respectively.
Further, as shown in fig. 11, the outer side of the outer sleeve is also provided with an annular fixing bracket 50. The fixing support is similar to the silica gel of a pessary, is folded before being placed into a vagina, is automatically opened just like an umbrella after being placed into the vagina, can be folded and opened, and is automatic along with the placement process of the device, and the purpose of the fixing support is to enable the device to be more firmly left in the vagina without falling down.
The invention also provides a using method of the transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device, which comprises the following steps:
Pushing the transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device into vagina by adopting a pushing device;
patients are instructed to cough or bowel movements, and pressure change curves are recorded.
The propelling device and the propelling method related to the vaginal tampon type are pushed into the vagina, and after the test is finished, the pressure measuring equipment is pulled out of the vagina through the pull rope at the bottom.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above-mentioned embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The device is characterized by comprising an MCU, a pressure sensor, a Bluetooth emission module and a button battery module, wherein the pressure sensor, the Bluetooth emission module and the button battery module are all fixed on the MCU, the MCU is respectively connected with the pressure sensor, the Bluetooth emission module and the button battery module, the pressure sensor is positioned in the vagina and is used for collecting intra-abdominal pressure signals and feeding back the collected pressure signals to the MCU, the MCU is used for collecting control and data processing of the pressure signals and sending the processed pressure data to a terminal through the Bluetooth emission module, the MCU is connected with the pressure sensor through four wires, the 3V3 end of the MCU is electrically connected with the VCC end of the pressure sensor, the GND end of the MCU is electrically connected with the GND end of the pressure sensor, the SDA end of the MCU is electrically connected with the SDI end of the pressure sensor, the SCK end of the MCU is electrically connected with the SCK of the pressure sensor, after connection, the MCU can realize pressure signal collection control and data processing of the pressure signals through an I2C protocol and send the pressure signals to the terminal through a Bluetooth protocol, and the pressure sensor is set to a sampling mode through a normal sampling mode; the final pressure test data is sent out in a wireless mode through a Bluetooth transmitting module, and the data is received by a receiving end and processed to obtain a pressure curve;
The Bluetooth transmission device comprises a shell, wherein the MCU, the pressure sensor, the Bluetooth transmission module and the button battery module are all fixed in the shell, gas is filled in the shell, and the shell is formed into a handle-shaped structure with an annular section and gradually reduced diameter from top to bottom after being inflated;
during testing, the coat is placed in the vagina, and the top end part is applied to the fornix behind the vagina;
The MCU and the Bluetooth transmitting module are integrated into a transmission control module;
the pressure sensor is a BMP280 sensor, the BMP280 sensor is a digital air pressure sensor, the relative precision is +/-0.12 hPa, and the pressure and the temperature are measured simultaneously;
The button battery module comprises a battery seat and a battery arranged on the battery seat, an opening is formed in the top of the outer sleeve, the opening is opposite to the button battery module, the opening is used for replacing the battery in the button battery module, the battery seat is fixedly arranged on the MCU, and the model of the button battery module is CR 1220;
The device comprises an outer sleeve, a shell, a battery module, a pressure sensor, a Bluetooth transmitting module, a button battery module, a battery module and a control module, wherein the two cavities are formed in a separated mode in the outer sleeve, a set of MCU, the pressure sensor, the Bluetooth transmitting module and the button battery module are respectively arranged in the two cavities, an opening is formed in the top of each cavity, the opening is opposite to the button battery module in the corresponding cavity, the opening is used for replacing the battery in the button battery module, the two cavities are placed in a vagina according to the marking position selection direction before and after marking, and the change conditions of intra-abdominal pressure corresponding to the front pelvic cavity direction and the rear pelvic cavity direction are respectively measured;
The outer shell of the outer sleeve is made of silica gel, an annular fixing support is arranged in the device, the surface of a part of the fixing support is also made of silica gel, the support is used for helping the device to automatically open, namely, the device is in a general folding state, the device can be automatically opened along with the process of being placed into the vagina, the device is pulled out of the vagina through a pull rope at the bottom after the device is used, the placing and taking-out process of the device is simple, the operability is good, the device can be automatically completed by a tested person, and a second person are not needed;
The device form and the silica gel material are more in accordance with the human vagina form and improve the comfort, and certain friction force exists, so that the device can be more firmly placed and attached to the vaginal wall without falling off, and the stability and the accuracy of pressure measurement of the device are ensured.
2. The transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure manometry device of claim 1 wherein the length x width x height dimensions of the transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure manometry device are 22mm x 18mm x 8mm.
3. The transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the bluetooth transmitting module transmits the pressure signal to a terminal for display, the terminal comprising a bluetooth receiving module, and wherein a bluetooth signal connection is provided between the bluetooth transmitting module and the bluetooth receiving module.
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| CN202310774207.3A CN116831547B (en) | 2023-06-28 | 2023-06-28 | A transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device and a method of using the same |
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| CN202310774207.3A CN116831547B (en) | 2023-06-28 | 2023-06-28 | A transvaginal intra-abdominal pressure measuring device and a method of using the same |
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| CN116831547A CN116831547A (en) | 2023-10-03 |
| CN116831547B true CN116831547B (en) | 2025-01-21 |
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| Coleman TJ，et al.Development of a wireless intra-vaginal transducer for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in women.BIOMEDICAL MICRODEVICES.2012,第14卷(第2期),347-355. * |
| Development of a wireless intra-vaginal transducer for monitoring intra-abdominal pressure in women;Coleman TJ，et al;BIOMEDICAL MICRODEVICES;第14卷(第2期);347-355 * |
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