CN116819093A - Electromagnetic radiation sensitive nerve cell related serological marker and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological marker, which is neuronal enolase NSE, S100β protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF. The invention also discloses the use of electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological markers in preparing kits or equipment for diagnosing electromagnetic radiation damage diseases. The present invention proposes for the first time the joint application of central nervous system biochemical serological indicators NSE, S100β, BDNF, and VEGF, and the use of radioimmunoassay methods to evaluate the brain damage effects of electromagnetic radiation, and provides a serological sensitivity for the evaluation of the brain damage effects of electromagnetic radiation. Indicators and their evaluation methods.

Description

Electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological markers and their applications

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic radiation damage and relates to electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological markers and their applications.

Background technique

With the rapid development of electronic information technology and the widespread use of various electronic equipment, electromagnetic radiation in human living spaces is increasing day by day, and the impact of electromagnetic fields on life activities and human health has gradually attracted people's attention. Among them, microwave (MW) is widely used in wireless communications, induction heating, household appliances, military and medical fields, especially the popularization of electronic devices such as mobile phones and Wi-Fi, making microwave radiation closely related to human life. . Therefore, the biological effects of microwave radiation and its health protection have become one of the research hotspots in the field of life sciences.

Epidemiological surveys show that people who work in electromagnetic environments or who are exposed to long-term low-dose microwave radiation may suffer from autonomic symptoms such as distraction, insomnia and dreaminess, and memory loss, as well as endocrine dysfunction, decreased immunity, and menstrual cycle disorders in women or men. Decreased reproductive function, etc. Since the molecular mechanism of the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation has not yet been elucidated, and the molecular targets that are sensitive to the effects of electromagnetic radiation on living organisms have not been clarified, sensitive biological indicators and evaluation methods for evaluating the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation are currently lacking.

Contents of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages to be explained below.

Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) is an acidic protease secreted by neurons and neuroendocrine cells. It participates in glycolysis of nerve cells and is essential for maintaining the physiological functions of brain tissue. S100β is a concentration-dependent brain-specific protein mainly expressed in astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. It plays a role in nerve cell proliferation, differentiation, energy metabolism, cell membrane structure, antioxidant damage and It plays an important regulatory role in apoptosis signaling and other processes. At physiological concentrations, that is, pmol or nmol levels, S100β has a neurotrophic effect; at μmol levels, S100β has a neurotoxic effect, inducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inducing neuronal cell death through a nitric oxide-dependent pathway, and can induce neuronal cell death through a calcium-dependent Pathways induce degeneration of the nervous system.

NSE and S100β proteins are proteases that specifically exist in neurons or glial cells. When brain injury occurs due to various reasons, nerve cells are damaged, cell membrane permeability increases, and the blood-brain barrier is destroyed. NSE and S100β pass through the blood brain. Barrier into peripheral blood circulation, resulting in increased serum NSE and S100β concentrations. Therefore, NSE and S100β can be used as specific serum markers reflecting brain injury, and can be used for condition monitoring, prognosis judgment and efficacy observation of central nervous system diseases. They are ideal central nervous system biochemical indicators for diagnosis, prognosis and even treatment.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of the main members of the neurotrophic factor family. It is mainly secreted by neurons and astrocytes and is most distributed in brain areas such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and cortex. Rich. It is essential for the survival, growth and maintenance of neurons, and is involved in the regulation of emotions and cognitive functions. It is closely related to the occurrence and development of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and acute nervous system injury. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a highly specific pro-vascular endothelial cell growth factor that can specifically enhance vascular permeability, promote neovascularization, and participate in neuroprotection. When neuronal damage occurs, VEGF can promote nerve axon growth and nerve cell survival.

There are still no research reports on the effects of electromagnetic radiation on serum NSE, S100β, BDNF, and VEGF. There are only a few studies reporting the effects of electromagnetic radiation on the expression of NSE and BDNF in brain tissue. Serological marker detection has high clinical application value due to its convenient sampling, rapid sensitivity, and good reproducibility of results. There is still a lack of sensitive serological markers for electromagnetic radiation brain damage.

To this end, the present invention establishes animal models based on microwave radiation in two different frequency bands, and develops serological sensitivity indicators and detection methods suitable for the evaluation of electromagnetic radiation brain damage.

The technical solution provided by the invention is:

The first aspect is electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological markers. The serological markers are neuronal enolase NSE, S100β protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF.

In the second aspect, a method for constructing an animal model to evaluate the damage of electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells includes the following steps:

Mice were selected and randomly divided into a microwave radiation group and a sham radiation group. The mice in the microwave radiation group were placed in a transparent radiation box with holes. The radiation box was placed on a rotatable radiation table in a microwave darkroom, from top to bottom. The sham radiation group underwent sham radiation under the same conditions to obtain an animal model for evaluating the damage of electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells.

Preferably, in the method of constructing an animal model for evaluating the damage of mouse nerve cells by electromagnetic radiation, 10-week-old mice are selected, and the mice weigh 20-24g, half male and half male, and randomly divided into Microwave radiation group and the pseudo-radiation group.

Preferably, the method for constructing an animal model for evaluating electromagnetic radiation damage to mouse nerve cells is characterized in that S-band microwave radiation or X-band microwave radiation is used during radiation,

The S-band microwave radiation conditions are: center frequency 2.856GHz, average power density 8mW/cm ² , peak power density 200W/cm ² , repetition frequency 80Hz, pulse width 500ns, SAR value 9.4W/kg, radiation time 15min;

The X-band microwave radiation conditions are: center frequency 9.375GHz, average power density 12mW/cm ² , peak power density 392W/cm ² , repetition frequency 62Hz, pulse width 500ns, SAR value 9.4W/kg, radiation time 15min.

In the third aspect, a method for evaluating the damage of electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells, by testing the animal model and comparing the test results of the sham radiation group and the microwave radiation group, to evaluate the damage of electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells. Impact.

Preferably, in the evaluation method, the detection includes detecting neuronal enolase NSE, S100β protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF.

Preferably, in the evaluation method, the detection also includes detecting changes in cognitive behavior of mice through a new object recognition experiment, detecting changes in spatial exploration ability of mice through a Y maze experiment, and detecting emotional behaviors of mice through an open field experiment. Changes and detection of emotional behavioral changes in mice through the elevated plus maze test.

The fourth aspect is a kit comprising a reagent capable of detecting the electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological markers.

The fifth aspect is the use of the electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological markers or the animal model in the preparation of kits or equipment for diagnosing electromagnetic radiation nerve cell damage diseases.

The present invention at least includes the following beneficial effects:

The present invention establishes animal models based on microwave radiation of two different frequency bands, develops serological sensitive indicators and detection methods suitable for the evaluation of electromagnetic radiation brain damage, and proposes for the first time the joint application of central nervous system biochemical serological indicators NSE, S100β, BDNF, and VEGF. , using radioimmunoassay method to evaluate the brain damage effects of electromagnetic radiation. This provides a serological sensitivity index and its evaluation method for evaluating the brain damage effects of electromagnetic radiation.

Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be apparent in part from the description below, and in part will be understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of the present invention.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows the effect of microwave radiation on the anxiety behavior of mice in the embodiment of the present invention (open field experiment, n=12), A: S-band microwave sham radiation group (Control) mouse open field experiment movement trajectory and its heat Schematic diagram; B: The movement trajectory and heat map of mice in the open field experiment of the S-MW group; C: The change in distance in the central area of the open field of mice before and after S-MW radiation; D: The center of the open field of mice before and after S-MW radiation Regional time changes; E: X-band microwave pseudo-radiation group (Control) mice's movement trajectory in the open field experiment and its heat map diagram; F: X-MW group mouse's movement trajectory in the open field experiment and its heat map diagram; G: X -Changes in distance in the central area of the open field in mice before and after MW radiation; H: Changes in time in the central area of the open field in mice before and after X-MW radiation; vs before radiation, * indicates p<0.05, ** indicates p<0.01; vs Control, ^# Indicates p<0.05.

Figure 2 shows the effect of microwave radiation on the anxiety behavior of mice according to the embodiment of the present invention (elevated plus maze experiment, n=12). A: S-band microwave sham radiation group (Control) mouse elevated plus maze experiment movement trajectory and its Heat map schematic diagram; B: S-MW group mice's movement trajectory in the plus maze experiment and its heat map schematic diagram; C: Changes in the distance of mice entering the open arm before and after S-MW radiation; D: Mice entering the open arm before and after S-MW radiation Arm time changes. E: The movement trajectory of mice in the X-band microwave sham irradiation group (Control) in the elevated plus maze experiment and its heat map diagram; F: The movement trajectory of mice in the X-MW radiation group (X-HPM) in the elevated plus maze experiment and its heat map diagram ;G: Change in the proportion of mice entering the open arm before and after X-MW radiation; H: Change in the proportion of time mice enter the open arm before and after X-MW radiation; vs before radiation, * indicates p<0.05; vs Control, ^## Indicates p<0.01.

Figure 3 shows the effect of microwave radiation on the cognitive behavior of mice in the embodiment of the present invention (Y maze experiment, n=12), AB: Y maze experiment movement trajectories of mice in the S-MW group and the sham radiation group (Control) ( A) Schematic diagram of its heat map (B); C: Changes in the free alternation rate of mice before and after S-MW radiation; DE: Y-maze experimental movement trajectories of mice in the X-MW group and the sham radiation group (Control) (D) and their Heat map (E) Schematic diagram; F: Changes in the free alternation rate of mice before and after X-MW radiation; vs before radiation, * indicates p<0.05; vsControl, ^# indicates p<0.05.

Figure 4 shows the effect of microwave radiation on cognitive behavior of mice in the embodiment of the present invention (new object recognition experiment, n=12), AB: S-MW group and sham radiation group (Control) mouse new object recognition experiment movement Schematic diagram of the trajectory (A) and its heat map (B); C: Changes in the new object recognition index of mice before and after S-band microwave radiation; DE: Movement trajectories of mice in the X-MW group and sham radiation group (Control) in the new object recognition experiment ( D) Schematic diagram of its heat map (E); F: Changes in mouse novel object discrimination index before and after X-MW radiation. vs before radiation, * indicates p<0.05, ** indicates p<0.01; vs Control, ^# indicates p<0.05.

Figure 5 shows the effect of microwave radiation on the serum NSE content of mice in the embodiment of the present invention. A: The serum NSE content of mice increased significantly 6h (R-6h) and 7d (R-7d) after S-MW radiation ( p<0.01); B: The serum NSE content of mice was significantly increased 6h (R-6h) and 7d (R-7d) after X-MW radiation (p<0.001); vs Control, ** indicates p<0.01, *** indicates p<0.001.

Figure 6 shows the effect of microwave radiation on mouse serum S100β content in the embodiment of the present invention. A: The mouse serum S100β content increased significantly 6h (R-6h) and 7d (R-7d) after S-MW radiation ( p<0.01); B: Serum S100β content in mice was significantly increased 6h (R-6h) and 7d (R-7d) after X-MW radiation (p<0.001); vs Control, ** indicates p<0.01, *** indicates p<0.001.

Figure 7 shows the effect of microwave radiation on the serum BDNF content of mice in the embodiment of the present invention. A: The serum BDNF content of mice was significantly reduced 6h (R-6h) and 7d (R-7d) after S-MW radiation; B : The serum BDNF content of mice was significantly reduced 6h (R-6h) and 7d (R-7d) after X-MW radiation; vs Control, * indicates p<0.05, *** indicates p<0.001.

Figure 8 shows the effect of microwave radiation on the serum VEGF content of mice in the embodiment of the present invention. A: The serum VEGF content of mice significantly decreased 6h after S-MW irradiation (R-6h), but 7d after irradiation (R-7d) The change is not significant; B: The serum VEGF content of mice was significantly reduced 6h (R-6h) and 7d (R-7d) after X-MW radiation; vs Control, *** indicates p<0.001.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it with reference to the text of the description.

It should be understood that terms such as "having," "comprising," and "including" as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial sources.

The present invention provides electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological markers. The serological markers are neuronal enolase NSE, central nervous system specific protein S100β protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF and vascular endothelial growth. Factor VEGF.

The invention provides a method for constructing an animal model for evaluating the damage of electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells, which includes the following steps:

Mice were selected and randomly divided into a microwave radiation group and a sham radiation group. The mice in the microwave radiation group were placed in a transparent radiation box with holes. The radiation box was placed on a rotatable radiation table in a microwave darkroom, from top to bottom. The sham radiation group underwent sham radiation under the same conditions to obtain an animal model for evaluating the damage of electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells.

In the above scheme, as a preferred option, 10-week-old mice with a weight of 20-24g, half male and half male, are randomly divided into the microwave irradiation group and the sham irradiation group.

In the above solution, as a preferred method, S-band microwave radiation or X-band microwave radiation is used for radiation.

The S-band microwave radiation conditions are: center frequency 2.856GHz, average power density 8mW/cm ² , peak power density 200W/cm ² , repetition frequency 80Hz, pulse width 500ns, SAR value 9.4W/kg, radiation time 15min;

The X-band microwave radiation conditions are: center frequency 9.375GHz, average power density 12mW/cm ² , peak power density 392W/cm ² , repetition frequency 62Hz, pulse width 500ns, SAR value 9.4W/kg, radiation time 15min.

S-band and Cells are damaged, the cytokines BDNF and VEGF involved in neuroprotection are reduced, the cell membrane permeability is increased, the release of NSE and S100β is increased, the blood-brain barrier is destroyed, the levels of serum NSE and S100β are increased, and the levels of serum neurotrophic factors BDNF and VEGF are reduced. On the other hand, the changes in serum NSE, S100β, BDNF, and VEGF levels in X-MW irradiated mice were more obvious than those in S-MW irradiated mice. The above suggests that changes in central nervous system biochemical serological indicators caused by electromagnetic radiation are positively correlated with radiation frequency, that is, the greater the radiation frequency, the greater the changes in central nervous system biochemical serological indicator levels.

The present invention also provides a method for evaluating the damage of electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells. By detecting the animal model and comparing the detection results of the sham radiation group and the microwave radiation group, the damage of electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells is evaluated. Effects of damage.

In the above scheme, preferably, the detection includes detection of neuronal enolase NSE, S100β protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF. After comparing the serum neuronal enolase NSE, S100β protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF contents of the microwave irradiation group and the sham irradiation group one by one, if the microwave irradiation The levels of neuronal enolase NSE and S100β protein in the group were significantly increased, and the levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF were significantly decreased, indicating that the damage caused by electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells was evaluated.

In the above scheme, preferably, the detection also includes detecting changes in the cognitive behavior of mice through a new object recognition experiment, detecting changes in the spatial exploration ability of mice through a Y maze experiment, detecting changes in the emotional behavior of mice through an open field experiment, and detecting changes in the mouse's emotional behavior through a Y-maze experiment. Elevated plus maze test to detect emotional and behavioral changes in mice. Both S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause a significant reduction in the activity time and distance of activity in the central area of the open field in mice, suggesting that S-band and Both S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause the distance and time distance of mice to enter the open arm to be significantly reduced, further suggesting that S-band and Both S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause a significant decrease in the novel object discrimination index of mice, suggesting that S-band and

The present invention also provides a kit comprising a reagent capable of detecting the electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological markers.

The present invention also provides the use of the electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological markers or the animal model in preparing kits or equipment for diagnosing electromagnetic radiation nerve cell damage diseases.

In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the following examples are provided for illustration:

1.Materials and methods

1.1 Establishment of electromagnetic radiation animal model

10-week-old C57 BL/6N mice, weighing 22±2g, half male and half female, were randomly divided into microwave irradiation group and sham irradiation group. A high power microwave (HPM) radiation simulation source built by the Military Medical Research Institute was used. The mice were placed in a transparent perforated plexiglass box, and the radiation box was placed on a rotatable radiation table in the microwave darkroom. The microwaves were generated from Radiation is uniform from top to bottom, and the pseudo-radiation group performs pseudo-radiation under the same conditions.

S-band microwave (S-MW) radiation conditions are as follows: center frequency 2.856GHz, average power density 8mW/cm ² , peak power density 200W/cm ² , repetition frequency 80Hz, pulse width 500ns, SAR value 9.4W/kg, radiation time 15 minutes.

X-band microwave (X-MW) radiation conditions are as follows: center frequency 9.375GHz, average power density 12mW/cm ² , peak power density 392W/cm ² , repetition frequency 62Hz, pulse width 500ns, SAR value 9.4W/kg, radiation time 15 minutes.

1.2 New object recognition experiment to detect changes in cognitive behavior of mice

Use a 40cm X 40cm X 40cm white open field box. Two 4cm First, place the mouse in the center of the open field box, move freely for 5 minutes and then return it to the cage. After an interval of 1 hour, replace one of the objects with a spherical object of a different color and place it diagonally to the other object. Using automatic video tracking and Anymaze behavioral analysis software, record the time the mice spent exploring new and old objects within 5 minutes, and calculate the new object discrimination index (T _{new object} – T _{old object} )/(T _{new object} + T _{old object} ). Tests were conducted before and 7 days after microwave radiation to analyze the mice's ability to recognize and explore new objects in an open environment and evaluate their cognitive behavioral changes.

1.3Y maze experiment to detect changes in spatial exploration ability of mice

A Y maze with an arm length of 30 cm, an arm width of 8 cm, and an arm height of 15 cm was used. The day before the experiment, the animals were placed in the Y maze to freely explore and adapt for 30 minutes. During the experiment, the animals were placed in the central area of the Y maze. Automatic video tracking and Anymaze behavioral analysis software were used to record the activity trajectories of the mice within 8 minutes, and the free alternation rate was calculated (number of consecutive visits to three arms/total number of visits - 2). Detection was conducted before and 7 days after microwave irradiation to evaluate the changes in the mice's spatial exploration and memory ability.

1.4 Open field experiment to detect changes in emotional behavior of mice

Use a 40cm Independent exploration of the environment and anxiety-like behavior. Detection was carried out before and 7 days after microwave radiation to evaluate the changes in anxiety and behavior of the mice.

1.5 Elevated plus maze experiment to detect changes in emotional behavior of mice

An elevated plus maze with a height of 50cm, a width of 6cm, an arm length of 30cm, and a closed arm height of 15cm was used. First, the mouse was placed in the central area facing the open arm. Automatic video tracking and Anymaze behavioral analysis software were used to record the mouse entering the open arm within 5 minutes. arm distance and time. Detection was conducted before and 7 days after microwave radiation to analyze the mice's active exploration and anxiety behavior, and to evaluate the impact of microwave radiation on the mice's emotional behavior.

1.6 Radioimmunoassay to detect serum NSE, S100β, BDNF, and VEGF levels

At 6 hours and 7 days after microwave irradiation, the mice were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 0.5% sodium pentobarbital (50 mg/kg). Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta, and serum was collected by centrifugation. Radioimmunoassay was used with reference to NSE and S100β. , BDNF, VEGF detection kit instructions, use a gamma radiation immune counter to detect serum NSE, S100β, BDNF, and VEGF levels.

1.7 Statistical analysis

Experimental data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to perform one-way analysis of variance or t test with one repeated measurement. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

2.Experimental results

2.1 Effect of microwave radiation on anxiety behavior in mice

The results of the open field experiment showed that 7 days after microwave radiation, the central area activity time (Figure 1C) and central area activity distance (Figure 1D) of mice in the S-band microwave (S-MW) radiation group were significantly reduced compared with those before radiation (p<0.05 Or p<0.01), and the central area activity time of mice in the S-MW group (Figure 1C) was significantly reduced compared with the sham radiation group (Control) (p<0.05). At the same time, the central area activity time (Figure 1G) and central area activity distance (Figure 1H) of mice in the X-band microwave (X-MW) radiation group were significantly reduced compared with those before radiation (p<0.05 or p<0.01).

The above shows that both S-band and .

The results of the elevated plus maze experiment showed that 7 days after microwave irradiation, the distance the mice in the S-MW group entered the open arm (Figure 2C) was significantly reduced compared with the sham irradiation group (Control) (p<0.01). Moreover, the mice in the S-MW group entered the open arm. The open arm time (Figure 2D) was significantly reduced compared with before radiation (p<0.05). At the same time, the proportion of mice in the X-MW group entering the open arm (Figure 2G) and the proportion of time entering the open arm (Figure 2H) were significantly reduced compared with those before radiation (p<0.05).

The above shows that both S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause mice to significantly reduce the distance and time required to enter the open arm, further suggesting that S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause anxiety-like behavior in mice and lead to abnormal emotional behavior.

2.2 Effect of microwave radiation on cognitive behavior of mice

The results of the Y maze experiment showed that 7 days after microwave irradiation, the free alternation rate of mice in the S-MW group (Figure 3C) was significantly lower than that of the pre-irradiation and sham irradiation groups (p<0.05). At the same time, the free alternation rate of mice in the X-MW group (Figure 3F) was significantly lower than before radiation (p<0.05).

The above shows that both S-band and X-band microwave radiation can significantly reduce the free alternation rate of mice, suggesting that S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause a decrease in the spatial exploration and memory abilities of mice.

The results of the new object recognition experiment showed that 7 days after microwave irradiation, the new object recognition index (Figure 4C) of mice in the S-MW group was significantly lower than that of the pre-irradiation and sham irradiation groups (p<0.05). At the same time, the novel object discrimination index (Figure 4F) of mice in the X-MW group was significantly lower than that of the pre-irradiation and sham-irradiation groups (p<0.01 or p<0.05).

The above shows that both S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause a significant decrease in the new object discrimination index of mice, suggesting that S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause a decrease in the event memory ability of mice, leading to cognitive dysfunction.

2.3 Effect of microwave radiation on serum NSE content in mice

Radioimmunoassay results showed that at 6h and 7d after S-MW and ), and the increase was more significant in the X-MW radiation group (Figure 5B, p<0.001), indicating that both S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause a significant increase in serum NSE levels. See Figure 5.

2.4 Effect of microwave radiation on serum S100β content in mice

Radioimmunoassay results showed that 6h and 7d after S-MW and ), and the increase was more significant in the X-MW radiation group (Figure 6B, p<0.001), indicating that both S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause a significant increase in serum S100β content. See Figure 6.

2.5 Effect of microwave radiation on serum BDNF content in mice

Radioimmunoassay results showed that 6h and 7d after S-MW and X-MW radiation, the serum BDNF content of mice in the radiation group was significantly lower than that in the sham radiation group (Control) (Figure 7A-B, p<0.05 or p<0.001) , and the decrease was more significant in the X-MW radiation group (Figure 7B, p<0.001), indicating that both S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause a significant decrease in serum BDNF content. See Figure 7.

2.6 Effect of microwave radiation on serum VEGF content in mice

Radioimmunoassay results showed that 6 hours after S-MW radiation, the serum VEGF content of mice in the radiation group was significantly lower than that in the sham radiation group (Control) (p<0.05), but the change was not obvious 7 days after radiation (p>0.05). 6h and 7d after X-MW radiation, the serum VEGF content of mice in the radiation group was significantly lower than that in the Control group (Figure 8A-B, p<0.001), and the reduction was more significant in the X-MW radiation group (Figure 8B, p <0.001), indicating that both S-band and X-band microwave radiation can cause a significant decrease in serum VEGF content. See Figure 8.

3 Discussion

In summary, our study found that S-band and Significant decrease, indicating that microwave radiation can cause damage to nerve cells, decrease in the cytokines BDNF and VEGF involved in neuroprotection, increase in cell membrane permeability, increase in the release of NSE and S100β, damage to the blood-brain barrier, increase in serum NSE and S100β levels, and serum The levels of neurotrophic factors BDNF and VEGF were reduced. On the other hand, the changes in serum NSE, S100β, BDNF, and VEGF levels in X-MW irradiated mice were more obvious than those in S-MW irradiated mice. The above suggests that changes in central nervous system biochemical serological indicators caused by electromagnetic radiation are positively correlated with radiation frequency, that is, the greater the radiation frequency, the greater the changes in central nervous system biochemical serological indicator levels.

4 Conclusion

The combined application of serum NSE, S100β, BDNF, and VEGF contents of central nervous system biochemical indicators can be used as sensitive serological indicators for the diagnosis and evaluation of electromagnetic radiation brain injury, and can be used for the diagnosis of electromagnetic radiation brain injury-related diseases or the construction of animal models.

The number of modules and processing scale described here are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, they can easily Additional modifications may be made, and the invention is therefore not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and equivalent scope.

Claims (9)

1. Electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological markers, characterized in that the serological markers are neuronal enolase NSE, S100β protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF. 2. A method for constructing an animal model for evaluating electromagnetic radiation damage to mouse nerve cells, which is characterized by including the following steps: Mice were selected and randomly divided into a microwave radiation group and a sham radiation group. The mice in the microwave radiation group were placed in a transparent radiation box with holes. The radiation box was placed on a rotatable radiation table in a microwave darkroom, from top to bottom. The sham radiation group underwent sham radiation under the same conditions to obtain an animal model for evaluating the damage of electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells. 3. The construction method of an animal model for evaluating electromagnetic radiation damage to mouse nerve cells as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that 10-week-old mice are selected, and the weight of the mice is 20-24g, with half male and half male. Randomly divided into the microwave radiation group and the false radiation group. 4. The method for constructing an animal model for evaluating electromagnetic radiation damage to mouse nerve cells as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that S-band microwave radiation or X-band microwave radiation is used during radiation, The S-band microwave radiation conditions are: center frequency 2.856GHz, average power density 8mW/cm ² , peak power density 200W/cm ² , repetition frequency 80Hz, pulse width 500ns, SAR value 9.4W/kg, radiation time 15min; The X-band microwave radiation conditions are: center frequency 9.375GHz, average power density 12mW/cm ² , peak power density 392W/cm ² , repetition frequency 62Hz, pulse width 500ns, SAR value 9.4W/kg, radiation time 15min. 5. A method for evaluating the damage of electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells, characterized in that, by detecting the animal model described in claim 2 and comparing the detection results of the sham radiation group and the microwave radiation group, the damage of electromagnetic radiation to mouse nerve cells is evaluated. Effects of neuronal damage in mice. 6. The evaluation method according to claim 5, wherein the detection includes detecting neuronal enolase NSE, S100β protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor BDNF and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF. 7. The evaluation method according to claim 5, wherein the detection also includes detecting changes in mouse cognitive behavior through a new object recognition experiment, detecting changes in mouse spatial exploration ability through a Y maze experiment, and through an open field experiment. Detect the emotional and behavioral changes of mice and detect the emotional and behavioral changes of mice through the elevated plus maze test. 8. A kit comprising a reagent capable of detecting the electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological marker of claim 1. 9. Application of the electromagnetic radiation-sensitive nerve cell-related serological markers of claim 1 or the animal model of claim 2 in the preparation of kits or equipment for diagnosing electromagnetic radiation nerve cell damage diseases.