CN116772748A - High-rise building verticality monitoring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technology - Google Patents
High-rise building verticality monitoring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technology Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of horizontal deformation monitoring of building structures, in particular to a method for monitoring verticality of a high-rise building based on a three-dimensional laser scanning technology, which comprises the following steps: arranging a plurality of scanner targets as control points; acquiring point cloud data of a shear wall or a frame column; preprocessing point cloud data and carrying out noise reduction treatment to generate a point cloud; enabling the elevation of the cloud point of the measuring area to be consistent with the actual elevation of the building; obtaining a best fitting plane of the point cloud of the measuring area; obtaining a fitting plane with a normal direction parallel to the concerned horizontal deformation direction and 0 deviation from the building bottom coordinate; obtaining horizontal deformation data of a shear wall or a frame column; carrying out segment statistics on the horizontal deformation data; drawing a horizontal deformation cloud picture and a deformation-elevation curve; and calculating the building inclination rate. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the horizontal deformation condition of different elevations of the building is known, and the integral deformation curve of the building is obtained; the monitoring precision is excellent; the method can be used for the building without the ridge line, and can also be used for monitoring the verticality during the curtain wall construction period; the measuring efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of horizontal deformation monitoring of building structures, in particular to a method for monitoring verticality of a high-rise building based on a three-dimensional laser scanning technology.
Background
The straightness that hangs down of high-rise building is one of the building structure monitoring and inspection and acceptance's key, and the excessive slope will influence major structure safety and elevator operation, still can cause the curtain damage. At present, a ridge line method or a laser plumb-down instrument is generally adopted for measuring the verticality of a building in engineering, but the ridge line method has poor measurement precision, is not suitable for the building without ridge lines or with partial ridge lines shielded by curtain walls, and is inconvenient for knowing the overall deformation condition of the building in detail; the laser plumb aligner needs to be turned for many times due to the measurement height limit value, so that the accumulated error is large, the measurement efficiency is low, and the protection difficulty of the observation hole is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the high-rise building verticality monitoring method based on the three-dimensional laser scanning technology, which can meet the requirement of monitoring the high-rise building verticality and reflect the integral deformation condition of the building.
In order to achieve the above purpose, a method for monitoring the verticality of a high-rise building based on a three-dimensional laser scanning technology is designed, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. arranging a plurality of scanner targets on a high-rise building to serve as control points and check points;
b. acquiring point cloud data of a shear wall or a frame column of a high-rise building by adopting a three-dimensional laser scanner;
c. preprocessing and denoising the point cloud data to generate a point cloud;
d. the elevation system of the point cloud of the area is adjusted to enable the elevation of the point cloud of the area to be consistent with the actual elevation of the building;
e. obtaining a best fit plane of the point cloud of the measuring area;
f. the normal direction of the best fitting plane and the coordinates of the central point are regulated by combining the targets to obtain the fitting plane, so that the fitting plane is parallel to the vertical plane, and the coordinate deviation between the normal direction and the bottom of the building is 0;
g. performing deviation analysis on the point cloud and the fitting plane to obtain horizontal deformation data of the shear wall or the frame column, and rechecking the monitoring data of the check points by using a total station;
h. carrying out sectional statistics on the horizontal deformation data along the height direction;
i. drawing a horizontal deformation cloud picture of the building, and calculating the inclination rate of the building by adopting a linear regression method.
Preferably, step a is specifically as follows: more than 3 scanner targets are arranged on the building as control points and check points.
Preferably, step c is specifically as follows: preprocessing the point cloud data, deleting non-regional point clouds, denoising the point cloud data by adopting a clustering algorithm, and generating the regional point clouds.
Preferably, step d is specifically as follows: and adjusting an elevation system of the point cloud of the measuring area by utilizing elevation data of the target, so that the elevation of the point cloud of the measuring area is consistent with the actual elevation of the building.
Preferably, step h can be replaced by: and carrying out sectional statistics on deformation representative values at different elevations, and taking an average value or a median value of the deformation representative values.
Preferably, step i can be replaced by drawing a deformation-elevation curve of the building and calculating the inclination rate of the building by adopting a linear regression method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the horizontal deformation conditions of different elevations of the building can be comprehensively known, and the integral deformation curve of the building is obtained;
when the building height is not more than 300m, the monitoring precision is better than 3mm, and when the building height is not more than 500m, the monitoring precision is better than 5mm; the method can be used for a ridgeless building, and verticality monitoring can be performed during curtain wall construction;
the measuring efficiency is high, the high-precision complete point cloud scanning of 4 vertical faces of a super high-rise building is completed only for 2-3 hours, and compared with the deformation measurement of one floor which is completed by a laser plummet, the measuring efficiency is high, and the measuring efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a complete flow chart of the monitoring method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing horizontal deformation distribution of each point within a height range of 1 meter at a certain elevation of a building;
FIG. 3 is a single-phase horizontal deformation cloud;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing horizontal deformation curves for multiple phases.
Detailed Description
The construction and principles of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the invention discloses a method for monitoring verticality of a high-rise building based on a three-dimensional laser scanning technology, which comprises the following steps:
a. three or more scanner targets are arranged on a high-rise building as control points and check points.
b. And acquiring point cloud data of a shear wall or a frame column of the high-rise building by adopting a three-dimensional laser scanner.
The point cloud data acquired by the three-dimensional laser scanner is a set of points with three-dimensional coordinates, and represents the space geometric information of the scanned object or scene. Each point contains its position coordinates in three dimensions, typically in the form of (x, y, z). The points are obtained by measuring the distance between the laser and the surface of the object by emitting the laser beam and receiving the reflected laser beam during scanning by a laser scanner.
c. Preprocessing the point cloud data, deleting non-regional point clouds, denoising the point cloud data by adopting a clustering algorithm, and generating the regional point clouds.
d. And adjusting an elevation system of the point cloud of the measuring area by utilizing elevation data of the target, so that the elevation of the point cloud of the measuring area is consistent with the actual elevation of the building.
Elevation data of a target refers to elevation information of the target or control point used in the measurement or modeling process. The elevation data is typically a height value relative to this reference plane.
Targets are objects or markers used to mark specific points in the ground or other scene. The elevation value corresponding to the target can be used for determining the vertical position of the target position, so that elevation control is realized or the vertical accuracy of the ground model is corrected.
To adjust the elevation system of the point cloud, the following steps must be performed:
1. determining a reference elevation system: first, an elevation system used as a reference is determined.
2. Selecting a reference point: one or more reference points of known elevation are selected for identification in the point cloud.
3. And acquiring the elevation of the reference point.
4. Conversion coordinate system: and carrying out elevation adjustment according to the measured reference point elevation and coordinate data associated with the point cloud.
5. Applying the adjusted elevation: further analysis, modeling, or visualization is performed using the adjusted point cloud data.
e. And obtaining a best fit plane of the point cloud of the measuring area.
The user can obtain the best fit plane of the point cloud through a least square method or a principal component analysis method.
f. And (3) regulating the normal direction of the best fitting plane and the coordinates of the central point by combining the targets to obtain the fitting plane, so that the fitting plane is parallel to the vertical plane, and the coordinate deviation between the normal direction and the bottom of the building is 0.
In the above steps, the three-dimensional coordinates of the position of the target and the corresponding elevation value thereof can be obtained through measurement.
The normal direction of the fitting plane is the direction perpendicular to the building bottom. When the best fit plane of the point cloud data is fitted using the least squares method, the center point coordinates are often barycentric coordinates, which can be calculated from the average of the coordinates of all points.
By target adjustment, the normal direction and the center point coordinates of the best fit plane can be obtained, and this information is applied to the fit plane such that the fit plane is parallel to the vertical plane and the coordinate deviation of the normal direction from the bottom of the building is 0, i.e., the normal direction of the fit plane is the direction of the horizontal deformation of the building concerned and the horizontal deformation value of the building is the horizontal deformation difference of the upper part relative to the bottom.
g. And carrying out deviation analysis on the point cloud of the measuring area and the fitting plane to obtain horizontal deformation data of the shear wall or the frame column, and rechecking the monitoring data of the check points by using a total station.
In the above steps, the point cloud of the measuring area is obtained, and the best fitting plane of the point cloud data is fitted by using a least square method, and on the basis, the specific steps for obtaining the horizontal deformation data are as follows:
1. and projecting the point cloud data of the measuring area onto a fitting plane to obtain the projection point cloud of the point cloud data on the fitting plane.
2. And calculating the distance between the projection point of each point on the fitting plane and the original point to obtain the deviation value of the point cloud data on the fitting plane.
3. And dividing the point cloud data according to the horizontal direction to obtain a plurality of horizontal slices.
4. For each horizontal slice, the mean or median value of the deviation values of all points therein is calculated, resulting in a deviation representative value for that horizontal slice.
5. And forming a vector by the average deviation values of all the horizontal slices, and obtaining deformation data of the shear wall or the frame column in the horizontal direction.
h. And carrying out segmentation statistics on the horizontal deformation data along the height direction.
i. Drawing a horizontal deformation cloud picture of the building, and calculating the inclination rate of the building by adopting a linear regression method.
The step h can be replaced by: and carrying out sectional statistics on deformation representative values at different elevations, and taking an average value or a median value of the deformation representative values.
The step i can be replaced by drawing a deformation-elevation curve of the building, and calculating the inclination rate of the building by adopting a linear regression method.
The method has a preferred embodiment, a certain super high-rise building adopts a steel pipe concrete-offset core tube structure, the height reaches 280m, the horizontal deformation of the structure is larger due to the offset of the core tube, the displacement of the structure is required to be monitored and the correction is guided in the whole construction process, the verticality monitoring in the east-west direction and the north-south direction is carried out by adopting the method, and the monitoring covers the whole construction period including curtain wall construction.
The embodiment obtains good monitoring effect through the method, and the monitoring precision is better than 3mm.
The method for monitoring the verticality of the high-rise building based on the three-dimensional laser scanning technology can rapidly finish measurement work, comprehensively understand the horizontal deformation conditions of different elevations of the building and acquire the integral deformation curve of the building; the method is not only suitable for construction period, but also suitable for monitoring part of building operation period; when the building height is not more than 300m, the monitoring precision is better than 3mm, and when the building height is not more than 500m, the monitoring precision is better than 5mm.
The above description is only specific to the embodiments of the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art who is skilled in the art to which the invention pertains shall apply to the technical solution and the novel concept according to the invention, and shall all be covered by the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for monitoring verticality of a high-rise building based on a three-dimensional laser scanning technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. arranging a plurality of scanner targets on a high-rise building to serve as control points and check points;
b. acquiring point cloud data of a shear wall or a frame column of a high-rise building by adopting a three-dimensional laser scanner;
c. preprocessing and denoising the point cloud data to generate a point cloud;
d. the elevation system of the point cloud of the area is adjusted to enable the elevation of the point cloud of the area to be consistent with the actual elevation of the building;
e. obtaining a best fit plane of the point cloud of the measuring area;
f. the normal direction of the best fitting plane and the coordinates of the central point are regulated by combining the targets to obtain the fitting plane, so that the fitting plane is parallel to the vertical plane, and the coordinate deviation between the normal direction and the bottom of the building is 0;
g. performing deviation analysis on the point cloud and the fitting plane to obtain horizontal deformation data of the shear wall or the frame column, and rechecking the monitoring data of the check points by using a total station;
h. carrying out sectional statistics on the horizontal deformation data along the height direction;
i. drawing a horizontal deformation cloud picture of the building, and calculating the inclination rate of the building by adopting a linear regression method.
2. The method for monitoring the verticality of a high-rise building based on the three-dimensional laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step a is specifically as follows: more than 3 scanner targets are arranged on the building as control points.
3. The method for monitoring the verticality of a high-rise building based on the three-dimensional laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step c is specifically as follows: preprocessing the point cloud data, deleting non-regional point clouds, denoising the point cloud data by adopting a clustering algorithm, and generating the regional point clouds.
4. The method for monitoring the verticality of a high-rise building based on the three-dimensional laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step d is specifically as follows: and adjusting an elevation system of the point cloud of the measuring area by utilizing elevation data of the target, so that the elevation of the point cloud of the measuring area is consistent with the actual elevation of the building.
5. The method for monitoring verticality of a high-rise building based on a three-dimensional laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step h is replaced by: and carrying out sectional statistics on deformation representative values at different elevations, and taking an average value or a median value of the deformation representative values.
6. The method for monitoring the verticality of a high-rise building based on the three-dimensional laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step i can be replaced by drawing a deformation-elevation curve of the building, and calculating the inclination rate of the building by adopting a linear regression method.
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| CN202310754998.3A CN116772748A (en) | 2023-06-25 | 2023-06-25 | High-rise building verticality monitoring method based on three-dimensional laser scanning technology |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118424240A (en) * | 2024-07-01 | 2024-08-02 | 山东兴华防水保温工程有限公司 | Building verticality monitoring method for building deviation correction |
| CN118682959A (en) * | 2024-05-30 | 2024-09-24 | 保利长大工程有限公司 | A mold clamping adjustment control method and system |
| CN119509499A (en) * | 2025-01-21 | 2025-02-25 | 中东基建科技集团有限公司 | A method and system for monitoring the construction quality of building decorative curtain walls |
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2023
- 2023-06-25 CN CN202310754998.3A patent/CN116772748A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118682959A (en) * | 2024-05-30 | 2024-09-24 | 保利长大工程有限公司 | A mold clamping adjustment control method and system |
| CN118424240A (en) * | 2024-07-01 | 2024-08-02 | 山东兴华防水保温工程有限公司 | Building verticality monitoring method for building deviation correction |
| CN119509499A (en) * | 2025-01-21 | 2025-02-25 | 中东基建科技集团有限公司 | A method and system for monitoring the construction quality of building decorative curtain walls |
| CN119509499B (en) * | 2025-01-21 | 2025-04-18 | 中东基建科技集团有限公司 | A method and system for monitoring the construction quality of building decorative curtain walls |
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