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CN116755006A - Method and device for determining magnetic field of permanent magnet - Google Patents

Method and device for determining magnetic field of permanent magnet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116755006A
CN116755006A CN202311044145.7A CN202311044145A CN116755006A CN 116755006 A CN116755006 A CN 116755006A CN 202311044145 A CN202311044145 A CN 202311044145A CN 116755006 A CN116755006 A CN 116755006A
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magnetic field
component
included angle
intensity
determining
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CN116755006B (en
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郭茂森
许克标
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Wuxi Quantum Sensing Technology Co ltd
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Wuxi Quantum Sensing Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
    • G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
    • G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
    • G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
    • G01R33/07—Hall effect devices

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet, and relates to the technical field of magnetic fields. The method can determine the intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet through the NV color center magnetic field detection device, determine the first component of the intensity in the direction vertical to the surface of the magnetic material through the Hall sensor, and automatically calculate the included angle between the direction and the direction of the magnetic field according to the intensity and the first component. Compared with a mode of manually estimating the included angle according to experience, the included angle determination method provided by the invention has higher accuracy.

Description

Method and device for determining magnetic field of permanent magnet
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic fields, in particular to a method and a device for determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet.
Background
Quantum diamond atomic force microscopy can detect the magnetic field distribution at the surface of a magnetic material (which may also be referred to as a magnetic sample). In the process of detecting the magnetic field distribution of the surface of the magnetic material by the quantum diamond atomic force microscope, an external magnetic field needs to be applied to the magnetic material, and for some magnetic materials, the direction of the external magnetic field needs to be parallel to the surface or perpendicular to the surface.
In the related art, a worker may apply an external magnetic field to a magnetic material using a permanent magnet. And the staff can estimate the included angle between the direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and the vertical direction according to experience, and adjust the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material based on the included angle, so that the magnetic field of the permanent magnet can be vertical to the surface of the magnetic material. Wherein the vertical direction is perpendicular to the surface.
However, the accuracy of the included angle determined by the above method is low, so that the quantum diamond atomic force microscope cannot accurately detect the magnetic field distribution on the surface of the magnetic material under the external magnetic field in the specific direction applied by the permanent magnet.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. The present invention is directed to a method and an apparatus for determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet, which can improve accuracy in determining an angle between a direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and a vertical direction. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a method for determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet is provided, the method comprising:
determining the intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet through a nitrogen vacancy NV color center magnetic field detection device;
determining, by a hall sensor, a first component of the intensity along a first direction, the first direction being perpendicular to a surface of the magnetic material;
a first angle of the direction of the magnetic field with the first direction is determined based on the intensity and the first component, a cosine value of the first angle being positively correlated with the first component and negatively correlated with the intensity.
In another aspect, there is provided a determination device of a magnetic field of a permanent magnet, the device including:
the first determining module is used for determining the intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet through the nitrogen vacancy NV color center magnetic field detecting device;
a second determining module for determining a first component of the intensity along a first direction by the hall sensor, the first direction being perpendicular to a surface of the magnetic material;
and a third determining module, configured to determine a first included angle between the direction of the magnetic field and the first direction based on the intensity and the first component, where a cosine value of the first included angle is positively correlated with the first component and negatively correlated with the intensity.
In a further aspect, there is provided a computer program product containing instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of determining the magnetic field of a permanent magnet as described in the above aspect.
In yet another aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements a method for determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet as described in the above aspect.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for determining the magnetic field of a permanent magnet, wherein the method can determine the intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet through NV color center magnetic field detection equipment, determine a first component of the intensity in a direction vertical to the surface of a magnetic material through a Hall sensor, and automatically calculate an included angle between the direction and the direction of the magnetic field according to the intensity and the first component. Compared with a mode of manually estimating the included angle according to experience, the included angle determination method provided by the invention has higher accuracy.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment involved in a method for determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for determining the magnetic field of a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method for determining the magnetic field of a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second coordinate system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a device for determining the magnetic field of a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of another device for determining the magnetic field of a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper computer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment related to a method for determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the implementation environment includes: a host computer 01, a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color center magnetic field detection device 02, a Hall sensor 03, a magnetic material 04 and a permanent magnet 05. The NV color center magnetic field detection device 02 includes: diamond 021 with a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) probe (also referred to as NV colour centre).
The host computer 01 is in communication connection with the NV color center magnetic field detection device 02 and the Hall sensor 03. The NV color center is a stable structure formed by capturing one electron nearby after two adjacent carbon atoms in diamond are replaced by one nitrogen atom and one vacancy. I.e., the NV color center is composed of vacancies of the nitrogen atom and the carbon atom in the vicinity of the nitrogen atom. The NV color center hasC 3v Symmetry, the principal axis of which is the line of N-V, and the electron spin quantum number S of which is 1, i.e. s=1. The NV color center has excellent optical properties and quantum coherence properties, and can be used as a high-sensitivity quantum magnetic sensor.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in the process of detecting the magnetic field of the permanent magnet by the NV color center magnetic field detection device 02 and the hall sensor 03, the diamond 021 of the NV color center magnetic field detection device 02 and the hall sensor 03 may be located at one side of the magnetic material 04 or may be located at two sides of the magnetic material 04 respectively. For example, as shown in fig. 1, the diamond 021 and the hall sensor 04 may be located on both sides of the magnetic material 04, respectively, and as seen in fig. 1, the diamond 021 may be located above the magnetic material 04, and the hall sensor 03 may be located below the magnetic material 04. Alternatively, the diamond 021 may be positioned below the magnetic material 04, and the hall sensor 03 may be positioned above the magnetic material 04. And the hall sensor 03 may be attached to the surface of the magnetic material 04.
The orthographic projection of the diamond 021 on the reference plane at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the hall sensor 03 on the reference plane. The orthographic projection of the diamond 021 may be located within the orthographic projection of the hall sensor 03. And for the scene that the diamond 021 and the Hall sensor 04 are respectively positioned at two sides of the magnetic material 04, the thickness of the magnetic material 04 is negligible in the process of determining the intensity and the direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet at a position near the magnetic material 04.
In this way, the intensity detected by the NV color center magnetic field detection device 02 can be ensured to be the same as the intensity to which the first component detected by the hall sensor 03 belongs at the same place of the magnetic material 04, and then the accuracy of the angle between the determined magnetic field direction and the first direction can be ensured to be high based on the first component and the intensity detected by the NV color center magnetic field detection device 02. The first direction is perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic material 04.
Wherein, the flatness of the surface of the magnetic material 04 is larger than the flatness threshold value, i.e. the surface is smoother. During the inspection, the surface is the side near the diamond 021, and the surface of the diamond 021 may be parallel to the surface.
Optionally, the upper computer 01 may be a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, or the like. The NV colour centre magnetic field detection device 02 may be a quantum diamond atomic force microscope.
The method for determining the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is applied to an upper computer. For example, the host computer 01 in the implementation environment shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 2, the method includes:
step 101, determining the intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet through an NV color center magnetic field detection device.
The strength of the magnetic field refers to the magnitude of the induction strength of the magnetic field.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the NV color center magnetic field detection device may determine a second component of the intensity of the magnetic field along an NV axis of the NV color center magnetic field detection device (i.e., a line of N-V in the diamond) and a third component along a direction perpendicular to the NV axis by using an NV probe in the diamond, and determine the intensity of the magnetic field based on the second component and the third component. Then, the NV color center magnetic field detection device can send the intensity of the magnetic field to the upper computer, and accordingly, the upper computer can acquire the intensity of the magnetic field.
Wherein the intensity is positively correlated with both the second component and the third component. The NV axis intersects the surface of the magnetic material.
Step 102, determining a first component of the strength of the magnetic field along a first direction by the hall sensor.
Wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic material. I.e. the first direction intersects the NV axis of the NV colour centre magnetic field detection device. The flatness of the surface of the magnetic material is greater than a flatness threshold.
Step 103, determining a first included angle between the direction of the magnetic field and the first direction based on the strength of the magnetic field and the first component of the strength.
The cosine value of the first included angle is positively correlated with the first component and negatively correlated with the intensity.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the upper computer obtains the first included angle, the first included angle can be displayed so that a worker can manually adjust the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material based on the first included angle. Or the upper computer can be connected with the adjusting device, and after the upper computer obtains the first included angle, the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material can be adjusted by controlling the adjusting device based on the first included angle, so that the magnetic field of the permanent magnet is perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic material or parallel to the surface of the magnetic material.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet, which can determine the intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet through an NV color center magnetic field detection device, determine a first component of the intensity in a direction perpendicular to the surface of a magnetic material through a hall sensor, and automatically calculate an included angle between the direction and the direction of the magnetic field according to the intensity and the first component. Compared with a mode of manually estimating the included angle according to experience, the included angle determination method provided by the embodiment of the invention has higher accuracy.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of another method for determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention, which can be applied to an upper computer. Referring to fig. 3, the method may include:
step 201, determining, by the NV color center magnetic field detection device, a second component of the intensity of the magnetic field along the NV axis of the NV color center magnetic field detection device, and a third component along a direction perpendicular to the NV axis.
The strength of the magnetic field refers to the magnitude of the induction strength of the magnetic field. The third component in the direction perpendicular to the NV axis may refer to: in a plane perpendicular to the NV axis, a component in a certain direction. The NV shaft is the N-V connecting line of the diamond in the NV color center magnetic field detection device. The NV axis intersects the surface of the magnetic material. The flatness of the surface of the magnetic material is greater than a flatness threshold, i.e. the surface is relatively flat. The shape of the magnetic material can be circular, rectangular or polygonal, and the embodiment of the invention does not limit the shape of the magnetic material, and only ensures that the surface of the magnetic material close to the NV probe is relatively flat.
It is understood that the induction of a magnetic field is a vector in a three-dimensional coordinate system. Assuming that the three-dimensional coordinate system is a first coordinate system and the NV axis is the Z axis of the first coordinate system, the third component may be a component of the intensity on the X axis (or Y axis) of the first coordinate system and a component of the intensity on the Y axis (or X axis) of the first coordinate system is 0. I.e. the third component is the component of the strength of the magnetic field in a plane perpendicular to the NV axis.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the NV color center magnetic field detection device may further include a controller, where the controller may apply a continuous laser signal and a microwave signal to the NV color center in the diamond to obtain a photo-detected magnetic resonance (optically detected magnetic resonance, ODMR) spectrum of the NV color center. Wherein the NV color center is capable of radiating fluorescence under excitation of the laser. The ODMR spectrum has a frequency of microwaves in megahertz (MHz) on the horizontal axis and a percent change in fluorescence intensity on the vertical axis. The laser may be green in color and may be 532 nanometers (nm) or 520nm in wavelength.
Since the NV color center is in the magnetic field of the permanent magnet, the energy level of the NV color center is degenerated, that is, the ground state of the MV color center is a triplet state, which is a 0 state, -1 state, and +1 state, respectively. Accordingly, the ODMR spectrum has two formants. One of the two formants corresponds to a transition frequency of the NV color center from 0 state to-1 state, and the other formant corresponds to a transition frequency of the NV color center from 0 state to +1 state. And the two formants are symmetrical, and the frequency at the symmetrical axis is 2870MHz.
Then, the NV color center magnetic field detection device can calculate and obtain a second component according to the frequencies corresponding to the two formantsB || And a third componentB ⊥ . Wherein the second componentB || The following equation (1) can be satisfied, the third componentB ⊥ The following formula (2) may be satisfied:
formula (1)
Formula (2)
In the formula (1) and the formula (2), D is zero-field cleavage between 0 state and ±1 state in the ground state, and D is about 2870MHz.f + Is the transition frequency of the NV colour centre from the 0 state to the +1 state,f _ is the transition frequency of the NV color center from the 0 state to the-1 state. Gamma is the gyromagnetic ratio of the NV colour centre and gamma is 28 megahertz per millitesla (MHz/mT).
Step 202, determining the strength of the magnetic field by the NV color center magnetic field detection device based on the second component and the third component.
In the embodiment of the present invention, since the third component is a component of the intensity of the magnetic field in a plane perpendicular to the NV axis, the NV color center magnetic field detection device can directly determine the intensity of the magnetic field according to the second component and the third component. And then, the NV color center magnetic field detection device can upload the determined intensity to an upper computer. Wherein the strength of the magnetic field is proportional to the sum of squares of the second and third components.
Optionally, the intensityThe following formula may be satisfied:
formula (3)
Step 203, determining a first component of the strength of the magnetic field along a first direction by a hall sensor.
Wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic material and perpendicular to the hall sensor (e.g., perpendicular to the surface of the hall element in the hall sensor). And the first direction also intersects the NV axis as seen from the intersection of the NV axis with the surface of the magnetic material.
In the embodiment of the invention, according to the working principle of the Hall sensor, the Hall sensor can detect the component of the intensity of the magnetic field in the direction perpendicular to the Hall sensor. Based on this, in measuring the magnetic field of the permanent magnet in the vicinity of the magnetic material, the hall sensor may be disposed parallel to the surface of the magnetic material. In this way, the first component of the strength of the magnetic field in the direction perpendicular to the surface can be detected by the hall sensor.
Step 204, determining a first angle between the direction of the magnetic field and the first direction based on the strength of the magnetic field and the first component of the strength.
The cosine value of the first included angle is positively correlated with the first component and negatively correlated with the intensity.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the cutting surface of the diamond is in the [100] direction, the included angles between the four possible directions of the NV axis of the diamond and the surface of the diamond are all 35 Degrees (DEG). Based on this, by adjusting the diamond, the angle between the NV axis of the diamond and the target surface of the diamond can be made 35 °. The target plane is parallel to the surface of the magnetic material.
The first direction is taken as the positive direction of the Z axis (namely the normal direction of the target surface), one end of the NV probe is taken as the original point, and the plane parallel to the target plane is taken as the XOY plane to establish a second coordinate system. In the second coordinate system, the included angle between the positive X-axis direction and the NV axis of the diamond is 35 degrees, and the positive Y-axis direction is perpendicular to the positive X-axis direction and the positive Z-axis direction. Assuming a magnetic field ofThe first component is the component of the intensity in the Z axis of the second coordinate system, the magnetic field +.>A first angle between the direction of (i.e. the first direction) and the Z axis is shown in FIG. 4θMagnetic field->Is equal to the first component of the intensity in the first direction +.>The following formula can be satisfied:
formula (4)
In the formula (4) of the present invention,is the strength of the magnetic field.
The first included angle can be determined according to the formula (4)θThe following formula may be satisfied:
formula (5)
Step 205, determining a second included angle between the direction of the magnetic field and the second direction based on the first included angle, the first component, the second component, and the strength of the magnetic field.
Wherein the second direction is parallel to the surface of the magnetic material and perpendicular to the first direction. For example, the second direction may be 35 ° from the NV axis, i.e. the second direction may be parallel to the X-axis of the second coordinate system. The cosine value of the second included angle is inversely related to the sine value of the first included angle, the first component and the intensity, and is positively related to the second component.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in the second coordinate system shown in fig. 4, the strength of the magnetic field may be decomposed into: fourth component B along X-axis x Fifth component B along Y-axis y And a first component B along the Z axis z . I.e. magnetic field。
Assuming that the second direction is parallel to the X-axis, since the NV axis of the diamond is 35 DEG from the target surface of the diamond, the unit vector of the NV axis in the second coordinate system can be determinedThe method meets the following conditions: />From the unit vector, it can be determined that the second component of the strength of the magnetic field satisfies:
formula (6)
Assuming a magnetic fieldThe second angle between the component of the intensity in the XOY plane and the X axis is +.>Fourth component B of the magnetic field strength in the X-axis x Can satisfy the following conditions:
formula (7)
Thus, the following formula (8) can be obtained from the above formula (6) and formula (7):
formula (8)
According to the above formula (8), the second angle can be determinedThe method meets the following conditions:
formula (9)
Step 206, determining a third included angle between the direction of the magnetic field and the third direction based on the second included angle.
The third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction, namely, the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. The third included angle is inversely related to the second included angle.
It is understood that if the first direction is parallel to the Z-axis of the second coordinate system and the second direction is parallel to the X-axis of the second coordinate system, the third direction may be parallel to the Y-axis of the second coordinate system.
Optionally, the third included angle α may satisfy:
formula (10)
Step 207, controlling an adjusting device to adjust the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material based on the first included angle, the second included angle and the third included angle.
After the upper computer obtains the first included angle, the second included angle and the third included angle, the direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet can be obtained, and then the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material can be adjusted by the adjusting equipment according to the direction control, so that the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic material or parallel to the surface of the magnetic material.
The upper computer can adjust the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material according to the direction of the magnetic field (namely, the first included angle to the third included angle), so that the higher adjustment accuracy of the permanent magnet can be ensured.
Optionally, the upper computer may store the correspondence between the included angle and the adjustment amount in advance. After the upper computer obtains the first included angle, the second included angle and the third included angle, the adjustment amounts corresponding to the first included angle, the second included angle and the third included angle can be determined from the corresponding relation, and the adjustment amounts can be sent to the adjustment equipment so that the adjustment equipment can adjust the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material based on the adjustment amounts.
As can be seen from the descriptions of the above steps 205 and 206, the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can determine not only the first included angle between the direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet and the first direction, but also the second included angle and the third included angle between the direction of the magnetic field and the surface of the magnetic material. Therefore, the upper computer can adjust the permanent magnet only based on the first included angle, and can adjust the permanent magnet based on the first included angle to the third included angle, so that the adjustment flexibility of the permanent magnet is improved.
According to the description of the steps 201 to 206, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention can obtain the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet through a single NV color center and one hall sensor. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring the accuracy of the determined magnetic field, the detection complexity and the detection cost of the magnetic field are effectively reduced.
It will be appreciated that in embodiments of the invention, the direction of the magnetic field may also be detected by a hall sensor. For example, if the magnitude of the magnetic field detected by the hall sensor is 0, it is indicated that the direction of the magnetic field is parallel to the surface of the magnetic material, i.e., the direction of the magnetic field is in-plane. If the magnitude of the magnetic field detected by the hall sensor is at a maximum, it is stated that the direction of the magnetic field here is perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic material, i.e. the direction of the magnetic field is out of plane.
It should be noted that, the sequence of the steps of the method for determining the magnetic field of the permanent magnet provided by the embodiment of the invention can be properly adjusted, and the steps can be deleted according to the situation. For example, step 205 and step 206 may be deleted according to the situation, i.e. the upper computer may adjust the permanent magnet according to the first included angle. Alternatively, step 207 may be deleted as appropriate. Any method that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure should be covered in the protection scope of the present disclosure, and thus will not be repeated.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet, which can determine the intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet through an NV color center magnetic field detection device, determine a first component of the intensity in a direction perpendicular to the surface of a magnetic material through a hall sensor, and automatically calculate an included angle between the direction and the direction of the magnetic field according to the intensity and the first component. Compared with a mode of manually estimating the included angle according to experience, the included angle determination method provided by the embodiment of the invention has higher accuracy.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device for determining the magnetic field of a permanent magnet, which can execute the method for determining the magnetic field of the permanent magnet provided by the embodiment of the method, and can be applied to an upper computer. Referring to fig. 5, the apparatus 300 includes:
a first determining module 301, configured to determine the intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet by using the nitrogen-vacancy NV color center magnetic field detecting device.
A second determining module 302 for determining a first component of the intensity in a first direction, perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic material, by means of the hall sensor.
The third determining module 303 is configured to determine, based on the strength and the first component, a first angle between the direction of the magnetic field and the first direction, and a cosine value of the first angle is positively correlated with the first component and negatively correlated with the strength.
Optionally, referring to fig. 6, the apparatus 300 may further include:
the control module 304 is configured to control the adjusting device to adjust the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material based on the first included angle, so that the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface or parallel to the surface.
Optionally, the intensity includes: along a second component of the NV axis of the NV color center magnetic field detection device, the NV axis intersects the surface. The control module 304 may be configured to:
determining a second included angle between the direction of the magnetic field and a second direction based on the first included angle, the first component, the second component and the intensity, wherein the second direction is parallel to the surface and perpendicular to the first direction, and the cosine value of the second included angle is inversely related to the sine value of the first included angle, the first component and the intensity and is positively related to the second component;
determining a third included angle between the direction of the magnetic field and a third direction based on the second included angle, wherein the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction, and the third included angle is inversely related to the second included angle;
based on the first included angle, the second included angle and the third included angle, the adjusting device is controlled to adjust the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material.
Optionally, a second included angleThe method meets the following conditions:
；
wherein ,B || as a second component of the light, the second component,B z as a first component of the light, the first component,for the purpose of strength, the strength of the material,θis a first included angle.
Alternatively, the first determining module 301 may be configured to:
determining, by the NV color center magnetic field detection device, a second component of the intensity of the magnetic field along an NV axis of the NV color center magnetic field detection device, and a third component along a direction perpendicular to the NV axis;
the strength of the magnetic field is determined by the NV color center magnetic field detection device based on the second component and the third component, the strength being proportional to the sum of squares of the second component and the third component.
Alternatively, the intensityThe method meets the following conditions:
；
wherein ,B || as a second component of the light, the second component,B ⊥ is the third component.
Optionally, a first included angleθThe method meets the following conditions:
；
wherein ,B z as a first component of the light, the first component,is strength.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a device for determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet, which can determine the intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet through an NV color center magnetic field detection device, determine a first component of the intensity in a direction perpendicular to the surface of a magnetic material through a hall sensor, and automatically calculate an included angle between the direction and the direction of the magnetic field according to the intensity and the first component. Compared with a mode of manually estimating the included angle according to experience, the device provided by the embodiment of the invention has higher accuracy of determining the included angle.
The embodiment of the invention provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining the magnetic field of the permanent magnet provided by the above method embodiment. Such as the method shown in fig. 2 or fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of an upper computer according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the host computer 400 includes: a processor 401 and a memory 403. Processor 401 is connected to memory 403, such as via bus 402. Optionally, the host computer 400 may also include a transceiver 404. It should be noted that, in practical applications, the transceiver 404 is not limited to one, and the configuration of the host computer 400 is not limited to the embodiment of the present invention.
The processor 401 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit ), general purpose processor, DSP (Digital Signal Processor, data signal processor), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit ), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array, field programmable gate array) or other programmable logic device, transistor logic device, hardware components, or any combination thereof. Which may implement or perform the various exemplary logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the present disclosure. Processor 401 may also be a combination that implements computing functionality, such as a combination comprising one or more microprocessors, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, or the like.
Bus 402 may include a path to transfer information between the components. Bus 402 may be a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect, peripheral component interconnect standard) bus or EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture ) bus, among others. Bus 402 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown in fig. 7, but not only one bus or one type of bus.
The memory 403 is used to store a computer program corresponding to the determination method of the magnetic field of the common magnet provided by the above-described embodiment of the present invention, which is controlled to be executed by the processor 401. The processor 401 is arranged to execute a computer program stored in the memory 403 for realizing what is shown in the foregoing method embodiments.
The host computer 400 shown in fig. 7 is only an example, and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that the logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, may be considered as a ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and may be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, as the program may be electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It is to be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method of determining a magnetic field of a permanent magnet, the method comprising:
determining the intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet through a nitrogen vacancy NV color center magnetic field detection device;
determining, by a hall sensor, a first component of the intensity along a first direction, the first direction being perpendicular to a surface of the magnetic material;
a first angle of the direction of the magnetic field with the first direction is determined based on the intensity and the first component, a cosine value of the first angle being positively correlated with the first component and negatively correlated with the intensity.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after said determining a first angle of the direction of the magnetic field to the first direction, the method further comprises:
based on the first included angle, an adjusting device is controlled to adjust the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material so that the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface or parallel to the surface.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the intensity comprises: a second component along an NV axis of the NV color center magnetic field detection device, the NV axis intersecting the surface; based on the first included angle, controlling an adjusting device to adjust the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material, including:
determining a second included angle of a direction of the magnetic field with a second direction based on the first included angle, the first component, the second component, and the intensity, wherein the second direction is parallel to the surface and perpendicular to the first direction, a cosine value of the second included angle is inversely related to a sine value of the first included angle, the first component, and the intensity, and is positively related to the second component;
determining a third included angle between the direction of the magnetic field and a third direction based on the second included angle, wherein the third direction is perpendicular to the second direction and the first direction, and the third included angle is inversely related to the second included angle;
and controlling an adjusting device to adjust the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material based on the first included angle, the second included angle and the third included angle.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein the second included angleThe method meets the following conditions:
；
wherein ,B || for the second component of the signal, a second component,B z for the first component of the light to be transmitted,in order for the intensity to be such that,θis the first included angle.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the determining the strength of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet by the nitrogen-vacancy NV color center magnetic field detection device includes:
determining, by the NV color center magnetic field detection device, a second component of the strength of the magnetic field along an NV axis of the NV color center magnetic field detection device, and a third component along a direction perpendicular to the NV axis;
based on the second component and the third component, determining, by the NV color center magnetic field detection device, a strength of the magnetic field, the strength being proportional to a sum of squares of the second component and the third component.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the intensityThe method meets the following conditions:
；
wherein ,B || for the second component of the signal, a second component,B ⊥ is the third component.
7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first included angleθThe method meets the following conditions:
；
wherein ,B z for the first component of the light to be transmitted,for the intensity.
8. A device for determining the magnetic field of a permanent magnet, the device comprising:
the first determining module is used for determining the intensity of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet through the nitrogen vacancy NV color center magnetic field detecting device;
a second determining module for determining a first component of the intensity along a first direction by the hall sensor, the first direction being perpendicular to a surface of the magnetic material;
and a third determining module, configured to determine a first included angle between the direction of the magnetic field and the first direction based on the intensity and the first component, where a cosine value of the first included angle is positively correlated with the first component and negatively correlated with the intensity.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the apparatus further comprises:
and the control module is used for controlling the adjusting equipment to adjust the position of the permanent magnet relative to the magnetic material based on the first included angle so that the direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the first direction or parallel to the first direction.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements a method for determining the magnetic field of a permanent magnet according to any one of claims 1-7.
CN202311044145.7A 2023-08-18 2023-08-18 Method and device for determining magnetic field of permanent magnet Active CN116755006B (en)

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