CN116750951B - Method for oxygen-free baking of glass kiln - Google Patents
Method for oxygen-free baking of glass kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN116750951B CN116750951B CN202310613182.9A CN202310613182A CN116750951B CN 116750951 B CN116750951 B CN 116750951B CN 202310613182 A CN202310613182 A CN 202310613182A CN 116750951 B CN116750951 B CN 116750951B
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- kiln
- glass
- molybdenum
- electrode
- oxygen
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000246 remedial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/42—Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls
- C03B5/43—Use of materials for furnace walls, e.g. fire-bricks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/02—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating
- C03B5/027—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture in electric furnaces, e.g. by dielectric heating by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/167—Means for preventing damage to equipment, e.g. by molten glass, hot gases, batches
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for an anaerobic baking kiln of a glass kiln, which comprises the following steps: s1, adopting a molybdenum plate with a protective layer as the inner wall of a kiln, and completing the integral masonry of the kiln; s2, filling nitrogen or inert gas into the kiln from an electrode hole reserved at the bottom of the kiln, and discharging air in the kiln from a feed port or an extraction port reserved at the top of the kiln until the kiln is filled with the nitrogen or the inert gas; s3, mounting a molybdenum electrode at an electrode hole of the kiln and sealing the molybdenum electrode, wherein the molybdenum electrode is made of a molybdenum rod with a protective layer; s4, under the condition that a charging port at the top end of the kiln is filled with nitrogen or inert gas to form a gas curtain, adding crushed glass slag into the kiln from the charging port according to the size of the kiln until the charging port is filled, and then sealing the charging port; s5, electrifying and heating the molybdenum electrode, starting to bake the kiln, enabling glass slag in the kiln to enter a molten state, and simultaneously connecting a vacuum pump to a suction port for suction to form negative pressure in the kiln; s6, after the kiln baking is completed, the kiln is directly converted into a normal production state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of glass kilns, in particular to a method for an anaerobic kiln of a glass kiln.
Background
With the continuous development of the glass industry, glass production enterprises have higher requirements on the service life of the kiln, and the traditional pool wall bricks forming the main body of the kiln cannot meet the higher use requirements of the kiln. The prior glass furnace tank wall is made of zirconia corundum bricks, but the prior zirconia corundum bricks are easily eroded and eroded by glass molten liquid in glass melting flow, so that a furnace throat or tank wall can be penetrated, glass liquid overflows out of a furnace body under the action of pressure, and a furnace body leakage accident is caused, and the zirconia corundum bricks are also key factors influencing the service life of the furnace. At present, the glass kiln has a short service life, and is forced to stop production for cold repair and even re-building due to loss and damage after 3-5 years, so that a great deal of manpower, financial resources and resources are inevitably consumed, which is a serious pain point in the glass production industry and is difficult to overcome until now.
In addition, it is difficult to use a higher temperature metal material due to the limitations of the conventional kiln method; for example, the melting point of metallic molybdenum is as high as 2650 ℃, but the metallic molybdenum can be oxidized at high temperature, the traditional kiln baking method can not realize an oxygen-free space, and the high-temperature-resistant metallic molybdenum can not be oxidized in the environment, so that the metallic molybdenum is difficult to apply to a kiln. Therefore, there is a need to devise a new method for oxygen-free baking of glass kilns.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for oxygen-free baking a glass kiln.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A method for oxygen-free baking a glass kiln, comprising the following steps:
s1, adopting a molybdenum plate with a protective layer as part or all of the inner wall of the kiln, and completing the integral masonry of the kiln by matching with other materials;
S2, filling nitrogen or inert gas into the kiln from an electrode hole reserved at the bottom of the kiln, and discharging air in the kiln from a feed port or an extraction port reserved at the top of the kiln until the kiln is filled with the nitrogen or the inert gas;
S3, mounting a molybdenum electrode at an electrode hole of the kiln and sealing the molybdenum electrode, wherein the molybdenum electrode is made of a molybdenum rod with a protective layer;
S4, under the condition that a charging port at the top end of the kiln is filled with nitrogen or inert gas to form a gas curtain, adding crushed glass slag into the kiln from the charging port according to the size of the kiln until the charging port is filled, and then sealing the charging port;
s5, electrifying and heating the molybdenum electrode, starting to bake the kiln, enabling glass slag in the kiln to enter a molten state, and simultaneously connecting a vacuum pump to a suction port for suction to form negative pressure in the kiln;
s6, after the kiln baking is completed, the kiln is directly converted into a normal production state.
Further, in step S4, when the glass slag is added into the kiln, a fusible batch is laid at the position of the molybdenum electrode in the kiln, and the batch is uniformly mixed with the nearby glass slag.
Further, in step S5, specifically, a high-frequency device is used to supply power to the molybdenum electrode, and an electric spark is generated to melt the batch material and the glass slag near the molybdenum electrode; after enough molten glass exists in the kiln, the high-frequency equipment is stopped, the preset conventional power supply equipment is used for supplying power to the molybdenum electrode until the glass slag in the kiln is sufficiently melted, the expansion of the kiln refractory is completed and stabilized, the completion of the kiln is indicated, and the step S6 is entered.
Further, before step S1, the method further includes the steps of: after the molybdenum plate is manufactured, roughening treatment is carried out on the surface of the molybdenum plate, cleaning is carried out, then high-temperature adhesive is coated, a protective layer made of ceramic materials is adhered to the surface of the molybdenum plate, and after at least 24 hours of solidification, the step S1 is carried out.
Further, after step S4, during the operation of the kiln, when the kiln needs to be charged through the charging port, nitrogen or inert gas is firstly charged near the charging port to form a gas curtain, then the charging port is opened for charging, and the charging port is closed again after the charging is completed.
Further, after step S5, the exhaust gas obtained by the vacuum pump is sent to the condensation heat exchange device for waste heat recovery.
Further, the waste gas obtained by the vacuum pump is treated by the condensation heat exchange equipment and then is sent to the bag-type dust remover for dust removal treatment, the solid matters obtained by recycling are recovered, and the residual gas is discharged after reaching the standard by waste gas treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the method for baking the glass kiln without oxygen provided by the invention has the advantages that the baking is completed in one step based on a cold start mode, the energy is saved, the safety is realized, the cost is low, and the operation is simple; moreover, the molybdenum plate is adopted as the main body of the kiln wall, the melting point of the metal molybdenum is as high as 2650 ℃, and the heat resistance is strong; according to the invention, by adding a protective layer to the molybdenum plate, and charging nitrogen or inert gas in the kiln, the oxidation of the molybdenum plate can be effectively avoided; meanwhile, the molybdenum plate is adopted to replace the existing zirconia corundum brick, so that the zirconia corundum brick is not eroded by glass molten liquid, the service life of the kiln can be effectively prolonged to 20-30 years, and the cost is saved; in addition, impurities in the glass liquid can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the glass liquid and the quality product rate of the product are improved; the kiln can realize sealing and heat preservation, so that heat cannot be lost, and the kiln is more energy-saving; can effectively promote industry progress and bring benefit to society.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for oxygen-free baking a glass kiln.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the present invention easy to understand, the following further describes how the present invention is implemented with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The invention provides a method for an anaerobic baking kiln of a glass kiln, which comprises the following steps:
S1, adopting a molybdenum plate with a protective layer as part or all of the inner wall of the kiln, and completing the integral masonry of the kiln by matching with other materials. It is understood that the inner wall of the kiln can be made of molybdenum plates, and the outer wall of the kiln can be made of the existing heat-resistant brick material; the inner wall of the kiln can be made of molybdenum plates only at the place where the inner wall of the kiln is in direct contact with molten glass, and the inner wall of the kiln can be made of the existing heat-resistant brick material and steel structure material at other places.
S2, filling nitrogen or inert gas into the kiln from an electrode hole reserved at the bottom of the kiln, and discharging air in the kiln from a charging hole or an extraction hole reserved at the top of the kiln until the kiln is filled with the nitrogen or the inert gas. Through the operation, a space without oxygen is formed in the kiln, and the oxidation of the molybdenum plate is avoided.
And S3, mounting a molybdenum electrode at an electrode hole of the kiln and sealing the electrode, wherein the molybdenum electrode is made of a molybdenum rod with a protective layer.
And S4, under the condition that the charging port at the top end of the kiln is filled with nitrogen or inert gas to form a gas curtain, adding crushed glass slag into the kiln from the charging port according to the size of the kiln until the charging port is filled, and then sealing the charging port.
S5, the molybdenum electrode is electrified and heated, the kiln is started to bake, glass slag in the kiln enters a molten state, and meanwhile, the extraction opening is connected with a vacuum pump for extraction, so that negative pressure is formed in the kiln.
S6, after the kiln baking is completed, the kiln is directly converted into a normal production state.
Preferably, in step S4, when the glass slag is added into the kiln, a fusible batch is also laid at the position of the molybdenum electrode in the kiln, and the batch is uniformly mixed with the nearby glass slag. The batch may employ a catalyst, such as sodium silicate.
In step S5, specifically, a high-frequency device is used to supply power to the molybdenum electrode, and an electric spark is generated to melt the batch material and glass slag near the molybdenum electrode; after enough molten glass exists in the kiln, the high-frequency equipment is stopped, the preset conventional power supply equipment is used for supplying power to the molybdenum electrode until the glass slag in the kiln is sufficiently melted, the expansion of the kiln refractory is completed and stabilized, the completion of the kiln is indicated, and the step S6 is entered. The whole kiln baking process takes about 7-10 days.
The method for baking the glass kiln without oxygen provided by the invention is based on a cold start mode, can finish baking the kiln in one step, and has the advantages of energy saving, safety, low cost and simple operation. In addition, negative pressure is generated by the vacuum pump in the production process, the lower air pressure in the kiln can accelerate the rising and the discharge of bubbles of the glass liquid, the problem that the bubbles are difficult to discharge of the glass liquid is effectively solved, residual bubbles in the glass liquid are avoided, the glass can be melted at a lower temperature, and the energy is saved. Meanwhile, the molybdenum plate is adopted to replace the existing zirconia corundum brick, so that the zirconia corundum brick is not eroded by glass molten liquid, the service life of the kiln can be effectively prolonged to 20-30 years, and the cost is saved; in addition, impurities in the molten glass are reduced; the utilization rate of glass liquid and the quality product rate of products are improved; the kiln can realize sealing and heat preservation, so that heat cannot be lost, and the kiln is more energy-saving; can effectively promote industry progress and bring benefit to society.
Moreover, the existing refractory material is difficult to meet the problems of high temperature resistance and scouring resistance, belongs to the worldwide difficult problem, and is not solved so far, and can only passively accept the existing zirconia corundum brick, and has high cost and corrosion resistance. The method for the oxygen-free baking kiln of the glass kiln provided by the invention can safely use the metal molybdenum plate to replace the existing zirconia corundum brick on the tank wall of the kiln, is high-temperature resistant and scouring resistant, and is a huge innovation in the glass industry.
Preferably, before step S1, the method further comprises the steps of: after the molybdenum plate is manufactured, roughening treatment is carried out on the surface of the molybdenum plate, cleaning is carried out, then high-temperature adhesive is coated, a protective layer made of ceramic materials is adhered to the surface of the molybdenum plate, and after at least 24 hours of solidification, the step S1 is carried out.
The invention adopts the molybdenum plate as the main body of the kiln wall, the melting point of the metal molybdenum is as high as 2650 ℃, and the heat resistance is strong. However, the metal molybdenum can be oxidized in the air at the temperature of more than 500 ℃ and the molybdenum oxide can be sublimated at the temperature of 800 ℃, and the method can effectively avoid the oxidation of the molybdenum plate in all steps by adding a protection layer to the molybdenum plate, and charging nitrogen or inert gas in a kiln. Under the environment without oxygen, the metal molybdenum is not oxidized, and a high-temperature resistant protective layer is added, so that effective measures are taken for double insurance to ensure that the kiln baking result is not wrong and to ensure a great number of non-lost remedial measures; the molten glass in the kiln is oxygen-free, and the metallic molybdenum is not oxidized.
Preferably, after step S4, when the kiln needs to be fed through the feed inlet in the working process of the kiln, firstly, charging nitrogen or inert gas near the feed inlet to form an air curtain, then starting the feed inlet for feeding, and sealing the feed inlet again after the feeding is finished. Through the scheme, the oxidation of the inner molybdenum plate can be further avoided, and the service life of the kiln is prolonged.
Preferably, after step S5, the exhaust gas obtained by the vacuum pump is sent to the condensation heat exchange device for waste heat recovery, so as to improve the energy utilization rate.
Preferably, the waste gas obtained by the vacuum pump is treated by the condensation heat exchange equipment and then is sent to the bag-type dust remover for dust removal treatment, the solid matters obtained by recycling are recovered, and the residual gas is discharged after reaching the standard by waste gas treatment. Because the waste gas contains volatile matters, dust is formed after condensation, and the waste gas is sent to a bag-type dust collector for treatment so as to avoid pollution, the obtained solid matters can be recycled, and the waste gas discharged later is more environment-friendly; solves the pollution problem and reduces part of cost.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for oxygen-free baking a glass kiln, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adopting a molybdenum plate with a protective layer as part or all of the inner wall of the kiln, and completing the integral masonry of the kiln by matching with other materials;
S2, filling nitrogen or inert gas into the kiln from an electrode hole reserved at the bottom of the kiln, and discharging air in the kiln from a feed port or an extraction port reserved at the top of the kiln until the kiln is filled with the nitrogen or the inert gas;
S3, mounting a molybdenum electrode at an electrode hole of the kiln and sealing the molybdenum electrode, wherein the molybdenum electrode is made of a molybdenum rod with a protective layer;
S4, under the condition that a charging port at the top end of the kiln is filled with nitrogen or inert gas to form a gas curtain, adding crushed glass slag into the kiln from the charging port according to the size of the kiln until the charging port is filled, and then sealing the charging port;
s5, electrifying and heating the molybdenum electrode, starting to bake the kiln, enabling glass slag in the kiln to enter a molten state, and simultaneously connecting a vacuum pump to a suction port for suction to form negative pressure in the kiln;
s6, after the kiln baking is completed, the kiln is directly converted into a normal production state.
2. The method of oxygen-free glass kiln according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, when adding glass slag into the kiln, a fusible batch is further laid at the position of the molybdenum electrode in the kiln, and the batch is uniformly mixed with the nearby glass slag.
3. The method of the oxygen-free glass kiln according to claim 2, wherein in step S5, a high-frequency device is used to power the molybdenum electrode, and an electric spark is generated to melt the batch material and the glass slag near the molybdenum electrode; after enough molten glass exists in the kiln, the high-frequency equipment is stopped, the preset conventional power supply equipment is used for supplying power to the molybdenum electrode until the glass slag in the kiln is sufficiently melted, the expansion of the kiln refractory is completed and stabilized, the completion of the kiln is indicated, and the step S6 is entered.
4. The method of an oxygen-free glass kiln according to claim 1, further comprising the step of, before step S1: after the molybdenum plate is manufactured, roughening treatment is carried out on the surface of the molybdenum plate, cleaning is carried out, then high-temperature adhesive is coated, a protective layer made of ceramic materials is adhered to the surface of the molybdenum plate, and after at least 24 hours of solidification, the step S1 is carried out.
5. The method for oxygen-free baking a glass kiln according to claim 1, wherein after step S4, when the kiln needs to be fed through a feed port during operation, nitrogen or inert gas is firstly filled near the feed port to form a gas curtain, then the feed port is opened for feeding, and the feed port is closed again after the feeding is completed.
6. The method for oxygen-free baking kiln of glass kiln according to claim 1, wherein after step S5, the waste gas pumped by the vacuum pump is sent to a condensation heat exchange device for waste heat recovery.
7. The method for oxygen-free roasting kiln of glass kiln according to claim 6, wherein the waste gas obtained by the vacuum pump is treated by the condensation heat exchange equipment and then sent to the bag-type dust remover for dust removal treatment, the solid matters obtained by recovery are discharged after the waste gas is treated to reach the standard.
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CN212334989U (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-01-12 | 彩虹集团有限公司 | Cover plate glass kiln |
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CN116625110A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-08-22 | 广东科达新能源装备有限公司 | Method for deoxidizing in kiln |
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