CN116683167B - Plastic electroplated waveguide antenna and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Plastic electroplated waveguide antenna and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116683167B CN116683167B CN202310719127.8A CN202310719127A CN116683167B CN 116683167 B CN116683167 B CN 116683167B CN 202310719127 A CN202310719127 A CN 202310719127A CN 116683167 B CN116683167 B CN 116683167B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a plastic electroplated waveguide antenna and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of waveguide antennas, wherein the plastic electroplated waveguide antenna comprises the following steps: a high-frequency plate; the AMC structure is arranged on the surface of the high-frequency plate; a slot gap waveguide which is in an integrated structure with the AMC structure; a slot gap waveguide microstrip mode transducer disposed in the slot gap waveguide; and a radiation slot arranged on the slot gap waveguide. The plastic electroplated waveguide antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the antenna part and the gap waveguide are arranged into an integrated structure, a layer of structure is adopted, the size is thinnest, the structure is simple, the production is very simple, the manufacturing flow is shortened, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waveguide antennas, and particularly relates to a plastic electroplated waveguide antenna and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In the traditional all-metal rectangular waveguide antenna used in the military radar, the material cost is high, the manufacturing difficulty is high, the requirement on the processing precision is high in the 77Ghz frequency band, and the manufacturing cost is very high. Therefore, all-metal rectangular waveguide antennas are confronted with the elimination in the civil vehicle millimeter wave radar field.
In the field of vehicle millimeter wave radar, a waveguide antenna is mainly made of plastic in an electroplating mode, and at present, two types of existing waveguide antennas exist, wherein one type of existing waveguide antennas adopts a waveguide and horn antenna type, a 4-layer structure is adopted, each layer structure adopts a plastic electroplating type, and layers are connected by solder. The 4-layer structure is a 1-layer feeder layer, a 2-layer work layering and a 1-layer antenna layer, and the feeder layer and the work layering all adopt rectangular waveguides. In another 2-layer structure of the gap waveguide and the antenna, both the gap waveguide layer and the antenna layer are plated by plastic.
The first form, namely the waveguide and the horn, adopts a 4-layer structure, and compared with the invention which has only 1-layer structure, the first form has the advantages of long manufacturing flow, complex manufacturing, high manufacturing cost and high material consumption. The thickness in size is unfavorable for the frivolity of the product, leads to the competitiveness of the product to be reduced. In the second form, a 2-layer structure is adopted, and compared with the 1-layer structure of the invention, the method has the defects of long manufacturing flow, complex manufacturing, high manufacturing cost, high material consumption and more complex assembly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a plastic electroplated waveguide antenna and a manufacturing method thereof. Waveguide antenna architectures with only one layer of structure are proposed, so that they are thinnest in size, simpler to manufacture and easier to assemble.
The invention provides a plastic electroplated waveguide antenna, which comprises: a high-frequency plate; the AMC structure is arranged on the surface of the high-frequency plate; a slot gap waveguide which is in an integrated structure with the AMC structure; a slot gap waveguide microstrip mode transducer disposed in the slot gap waveguide; and a radiation slot arranged on the slot gap waveguide.
Further, the slot gap waveguide microstrip mode converter comprises a microstrip antenna radiation patch and a microstrip line; one end of the microstrip line is connected to the microstrip antenna radiation patch.
On the other hand, the invention provides a manufacturing method of the plastic electroplated waveguide antenna, which comprises the following steps: AMC structure and slot gap waveguide are designed on the high-frequency plate; a slot gap waveguide microstrip mode converter is arranged in the slot gap waveguide, and the slot gap waveguide microstrip mode converter is connected with a radio frequency chip; and setting a radiation gap in the groove gap waveguide, and calculating the offset of the radiation gap.
Further, the design of the AMC structure and the slot gap waveguide on the high frequency board includes: the AMC structure and the upper wall of the slot gap waveguide are arranged into an integrated forming structure by adopting a plastic electroplating mode, and the slot gap waveguide structure is formed between the slot gap waveguide and the high-frequency plate.
Further, the calculating the offset of the radiation slit includes: calculating a proportionality coefficient K of the radiation slit; calculating the conductance value g of each gap according to the proportionality coefficient K; and calculating the offset x of each gap according to the conductance value g, and determining the array element spacing.
Further, the formula for calculating the proportionality coefficient K of the radiation slit is as follows:
further, the formula for calculating the conductance value g of each slit according to the proportionality coefficient K is as follows:
further, the formula for calculating the offset x of each slit according to the conductance value g is as follows:
further, under normal conditions, the calculation formula for determining the array element spacing is as follows: d=λ g 2.
Further, under the condition that a short circuit occurs at one end, the calculation formula for determining the array element spacing is as follows: d=λ g.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The plastic electroplated waveguide antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the antenna part and the gap waveguide are arranged into an integrated structure, a layer of structure is adopted, the size is thinnest, the structure is simple, the production is very simple, the manufacturing flow is shortened, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a plastic plated waveguide antenna in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a slot gap waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a slot-gap waveguide microstrip mode transducer in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an electric field of a microstrip antenna radiation patch in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a waveguide longitudinal section electric field in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an AMC structure; 2. a high-frequency plate; 3. a slot gap waveguide; 4. a slot gap waveguide microstrip mode transducer; 401. a microstrip antenna radiating patch; 402. a microstrip line; 5. a radiation slit.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a plastic electroplated waveguide antenna, which aims to ensure that the waveguide antenna is realized with thinner size, lower manufacturing cost and higher production yield in design.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the plastic plated waveguide antenna includes: the AMC structure 1, a high-frequency plate 2, a slot gap waveguide 3, a slot gap waveguide microstrip mode transducer 4 and a radiation slot 5. In this embodiment, a new waveguide antenna architecture is proposed, and compared with a conventional waveguide antenna and an existing plastic plated waveguide antenna, the waveguide antenna adopting the architecture has: 1) The thinnest in size; 2) The material is the simplest; 3) The flow of production and manufacture is simplified, so that the manufacturing cost is lower; 4) The redundancy for production and assembly tolerances is higher, and thus the yield of production is higher. The specific relationship among the structures is as follows.
The AMC structure 1 is arranged on the surface of the high-frequency plate 2, the slot gap waveguide 3 and the AMC structure 1 are integrally formed, and the slot gap waveguide 3 and the high-frequency plate 2 together form a slot gap waveguide structure. The slot gap waveguide microstrip mode converter 4 is arranged in the upper wall of the slot gap waveguide 3, and the radiation slots 5 are uniformly formed on the slot gap waveguide 3 and are integrally formed with the structure 3, so that the slot gap waveguide slot antenna has only one layer, and the slot gap waveguide microstrip mode converter is thinnest in size, simpler in manufacture and easier in assembly.
Illustratively, the slot-gap waveguide microstrip mode transducer 4 includes a microstrip antenna radiation patch 401 and a microstrip line 402; wherein one end of the microstrip line 402 is connected to the microstrip antenna radiation patch 401.
The adapter is designed for connection with a radio frequency chip. According to electromagnetic theory, the polarization direction of the antenna can be judged by the direction of a radiation electric field, and the electric field distribution patterns of the microstrip patch antenna (figure 4) and the slot gap waveguide (figure 5) can be seen that the electric field directions of the microstrip patch antenna and the slot gap waveguide are very similar, and the antenna has reciprocity in receiving and transmitting, so that electromagnetic waves transmitted in the slot gap waveguide can be received and transmitted by the microstrip patch antenna.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the plastic electroplated waveguide antenna.
The manufacturing method of the plastic electroplated waveguide antenna in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1, designing an AMC structure 1 and a slot gap waveguide 3 on a high-frequency plate 2;
specifically, the upper walls of the AMC structure 1 and the slot gap waveguide 3 are set to an integrated molding structure by adopting a plastic plating mode, and a slot gap waveguide structure is formed between the slot gap waveguide 3 and the high-frequency plate 2.
S2, arranging a slot gap waveguide microstrip mode converter 4 in the slot gap waveguide 3, and connecting the slot gap waveguide microstrip mode converter 4 with a radio frequency chip;
Specifically, a slot gap waveguide-microstrip mode converter is designed, and the adapter is designed for connection with a radio frequency chip. According to electromagnetic theory, the polarization direction of the antenna can be judged by the direction of a radiation electric field, and the electric field distribution diagram of the microstrip patch antenna and the slot gap waveguide can be seen that the electric field directions of the microstrip patch antenna and the slot gap waveguide are very similar, and the receiving and transmitting of the antenna also has reciprocity, so that the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the slot gap waveguide can be received and transmitted by the microstrip patch antenna.
S3, arranging a radiation gap 5 in the slot gap waveguide 3, and calculating the offset of the radiation gap 5.
Specifically, according to formulas (1), (2) and (3), the offset of the radiation slot is calculated, fine tuning design is carried out in electromagnetic simulation software, and finally the design of the slot gap waveguide slot antenna is completed. The calculation radiation slots 5 are all formed on the slot gap waveguide 3 and are integrally formed with the slot gap waveguide 3, so that the slot gap waveguide slot antenna has only one layer, and therefore the slot gap waveguide slot antenna is thinnest in size, simpler in manufacturing and easier in assembly.
In other embodiments, a slot gap waveguide resonant slot array antenna is designed, the proportionality coefficient K is calculated by the formula (1), the conductance value of each slot can be determined by the formula (2), the offset x of each slot can be calculated by the formula (3), the array element distance d=λ g 2, and if one end short circuit occurs, the distance between the short circuit section and the center of the last slot is d=λ g. Specifically, the following is described.
The present embodiment relates to the design of a slot gap waveguide and a microstrip line mode converter, where the transmission modes of the two transmission lines are different, the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line is 50 ohms, and the characteristic impedance of the slot gap waveguide is generally greater than that of the microstrip line, so that the design of the slot gap waveguide-microstrip line mode converter is completed, and a transition structure is required between the two transmission lines to perform impedance matching and mode conversion. The embodiment adopts a straight-through slot gap waveguide-microstrip mode converter, and the microstrip antenna radiation patch is beneficial to realizing the straight-through property and flexibility of the mode converter. The microstrip antenna radiation patch works in the waveguide cavity, the microstrip antenna radiation patch is a metal conductor and cannot directly contact with the slot gap waveguide cavity, the microstrip antenna radiation patch is placed on the medium substrate, the patch end is connected with a section of microstrip line, a conversion structure is formed, and the microstrip antenna radiation patch can be placed in the slot gap waveguide cavity to complete mode conversion. According to electromagnetic theory, the polarization direction of the antenna can be judged by the direction of a radiation electric field, and the electric field distribution patterns of the microstrip patch antenna (figure 4) and the slot gap waveguide (5) can be seen that the electric field directions of the microstrip patch antenna and the slot gap waveguide are very similar, and the antenna is also reciprocal, so that electromagnetic waves transmitted in the slot gap waveguide can be transmitted and received by the microstrip patch antenna.
From the above, the plastic electroplated waveguide antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the antenna part and the gap waveguide are arranged into an integrated structure, a layer of structure is adopted, the size is thinnest, the structure is simple, the production process is shortened, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A plastic plated waveguide antenna, comprising:
A high-frequency plate;
the AMC structure is arranged on the surface of the high-frequency plate;
the upper walls of the AMC structure and the groove gap waveguide are arranged into an integrated forming structure by adopting a plastic electroplating mode, and the groove gap waveguide and the high-frequency plate form a groove gap waveguide structure;
a slot gap waveguide microstrip mode transducer disposed in the slot gap waveguide; and
And a radiation slot arranged on the slot gap waveguide.
2. A plastic plated waveguide antenna according to claim 1, wherein the slot gap waveguide microstrip mode transducer comprises a microstrip antenna radiation patch and a microstrip line; one end of the microstrip line is connected to the microstrip antenna radiation patch.
3. A method of manufacturing a plastic plated waveguide antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising:
The AMC structure and the groove gap waveguide are designed on the high-frequency plate, the upper wall of the AMC structure and the upper wall of the groove gap waveguide are arranged into an integrated forming structure in a plastic electroplating mode, and the groove gap waveguide structure is formed between the groove gap waveguide and the high-frequency plate;
A slot gap waveguide microstrip mode converter is arranged in the slot gap waveguide, and the slot gap waveguide microstrip mode converter is connected with a radio frequency chip;
and setting a radiation gap in the groove gap waveguide, and calculating the offset of the radiation gap.
4. A method of manufacturing a plastic plated waveguide antenna according to claim 3, wherein calculating the offset of the radiation slot comprises:
Calculating a proportionality coefficient K of the radiation slit;
Calculating the conductance value g of each gap according to the proportionality coefficient K;
and calculating the offset x of each gap according to the conductance value g, and determining the array element spacing.
5. The method for manufacturing a plastic plated waveguide antenna according to claim 4, wherein the formula for calculating the proportionality coefficient K of the radiation slot is:
6. the method for manufacturing a plastic plated waveguide antenna according to claim 5, wherein the formula for calculating the conductance value g of each slot according to the proportionality coefficient K is:
7. the method for manufacturing a plastic plated waveguide antenna according to claim 6, wherein the formula for calculating the offset x of each slot according to the conductance value g is:
8. The method for manufacturing a plastic plated waveguide antenna according to claim 7, wherein under normal conditions, the calculation formula for determining the array element spacing is: d=λ g/2.
9. The method for manufacturing a plastic plated waveguide antenna according to claim 7, wherein in case of a short circuit at one end, the calculation formula for determining the array element spacing is: d=λ g/4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310719127.8A CN116683167B (en) | 2023-06-16 | 2023-06-16 | Plastic electroplated waveguide antenna and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN202310719127.8A CN116683167B (en) | 2023-06-16 | 2023-06-16 | Plastic electroplated waveguide antenna and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN116683167A CN116683167A (en) | 2023-09-01 |
| CN116683167B true CN116683167B (en) | 2024-07-30 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208674340U (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-03-29 | 北京华镁钛科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for making the transmission structure of frequency microwave device and antenna |
| CN116073118A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-05-05 | 苏州硕贝德创新技术研究有限公司 | Bidirectional millimeter wave radar antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102790252A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-11-21 | 北京天工开正科技有限责任公司 | Device and method for realizing mutual transition between rectangular waveguide and parallel plate waveguide |
| CN117081621A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2023-11-17 | 安费诺富加宜（亚洲）私人有限公司 | High-speed data communication system |
| CN108963416B (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2024-09-03 | 成都菲斯洛克电子技术有限公司 | Circular waveguide antenna array structure in millimeter wave security inspection instrument |
| CN112259942B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-09-07 | 中国空间技术研究院 | A kind of duplexer for millimeter wave band and preparation method thereof |
| CN216055193U (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2022-03-15 | 苏州硕贝德创新技术研究有限公司 | Millimeter wave planar waveguide array antenna |
| CN114784489B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2024-01-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Waveguide antenna assembly, radar, terminal and method for preparing waveguide antenna assembly |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208674340U (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2019-03-29 | 北京华镁钛科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for making the transmission structure of frequency microwave device and antenna |
| CN116073118A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-05-05 | 苏州硕贝德创新技术研究有限公司 | Bidirectional millimeter wave radar antenna |
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