CN116667383B - Heat pump and low-adding coupling thermal power generating unit frequency modulation system and method - Google Patents
Heat pump and low-adding coupling thermal power generating unit frequency modulation system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116667383B CN116667383B CN202310629187.0A CN202310629187A CN116667383B CN 116667383 B CN116667383 B CN 116667383B CN 202310629187 A CN202310629187 A CN 202310629187A CN 116667383 B CN116667383 B CN 116667383B
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- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
- H02J3/241—The oscillation concerning frequency
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/002—Flicker reduction, e.g. compensation of flicker introduced by non-linear load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
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- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary equipment of power plants, in particular to a thermal power unit frequency modulation system and a thermal power unit frequency modulation method with low coupling of a heat pump. Specifically, the condensation water flowing out of the condensation water pump is regulated by a first pneumatic regulating valve, enters the deaerator through a plurality of low pressure pumps, is regulated by a second pneumatic regulating valve, enters the deaerator after passing through the geothermal heat exchanger, and absorbs the low pressure steam extraction of the steam turbine and the heat of hot water in the heat pump respectively, so that the temperature of the condensation water entering the deaerator is ensured, and the liquid level stability of the condenser and the deaerator is also ensured. The heat pump is applied to the thermal power generating unit, and simultaneously, the geothermal energy and the low-heating participation in frequency modulation are configured, so that the participation frequency modulation capability of the unit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary equipment of power plants, in particular to a thermal power generating unit frequency modulation system and method with a heat pump and low coupling.
Background
Grid frequency is an important power quality index, and frequency fluctuation reflects dynamic unbalance between active power output of a grid-connected unit and active loads of a grid. When the active output of the grid-connected unit is larger than the active load of the power grid, the frequency of the power grid is increased, and otherwise, the frequency of the power grid is decreased. The power grid frequency deviates from the rated value or is high or low, so that the rotating speed of the motor deviates from the designed value, the quality of industrial products is reduced, the accuracy of electronic instruments and control equipment is reduced due to fluctuation of the power supply frequency, and the safety problems such as blade vibration and the like can be possibly caused by the off-frequency operation of power equipment such as a steam turbine and the like. Meanwhile, auxiliary equipment such as a water feeding pump, a coal mill, a fan and the like of a power plant can reduce the output when the frequency of a power grid is reduced, so that the generated output of a unit is reduced, the frequency of the power grid is further reduced, the power grid is continuously reduced, and accidents such as power grid breakdown, large-area power failure and the like are caused when the power grid is serious. Therefore, maintaining grid frequency stability is an important task for grid source side load frequency control of power systems.
The thermal power generating unit control object has the characteristics of large inertia and large delay, so that the rate of unit response to external instruction change becomes slow, and the control difficulty is greatly increased. As the requirements of the power grid on the variable load capacity of the thermal power generating unit are more severe, the traditional coordination control system has difficulty in meeting the requirements. The condensation water throttling can rapidly and effectively lift the load by utilizing the energy storage of the unit, so that the variable load rate of the unit can be improved, the energy storage inside the unit can be reasonably distributed, but the problems that the water level of the condenser and the deaerator is greatly influenced, the throttling time is limited and the like exist in the adjusting process.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a thermal power generating unit frequency modulation system and a thermal power generating unit frequency modulation method with a heat pump and low coupling, which can ensure the liquid level stability of a condenser and a deaerator and improve the duration time of throttling and frequency modulation of condensed water.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal power generating unit frequency modulation system with a heat pump and a low-pressure coupling, including a low-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine, a generator, a condensate loop, a heat absorption bypass, a geothermal loop, and a deaerator, wherein:
the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine is connected with the generator, a condenser, a condensate pump, a first pneumatic regulating valve, a plurality of low-pressure additions and a first switching valve are sequentially arranged on the condensate loop along the condensate flow direction, the condenser is connected with the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine through a first steam extraction pipeline, a plurality of low additions are connected with the low-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine through a second steam extraction pipeline, the pressure of the first steam extraction pipeline is smaller than that of the second steam extraction pipeline, and the first switching valve is connected with the deaerator;
the heat absorption bypass is sequentially provided with a second pneumatic adjusting valve, a geothermal heat exchanger and a second switching valve along the flow direction of the condensed water, and the second switching valve is connected with the deaerator;
the geothermal loop is provided with the geothermal heat exchanger, a buried pipe and a heat pump;
when the thermal power generating unit is subjected to frequency modulation, the liquid level stability of the condenser and the deaerator is ensured by controlling the condensate pump, the first pneumatic regulating valve, the second pneumatic regulating valve and the heat pump.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a thermal power generating unit frequency modulation method with coupling between a heat pump and a low heat pump, where the frequency modulation system of the above embodiment is adopted, and the method includes:
when the ratio of the current unit load to the rated unit load of the thermal power unit is larger than a preset ratio, controlling the condensate pump, the first pneumatic regulating valve, the second pneumatic regulating valve and the heat pump to be in a variable-frequency running state;
when the ratio of the current unit load to the rated unit load of the thermal power unit is not larger than the preset ratio, the condensate pump is controlled to be in a power frequency running state, and the first pneumatic regulating valve, the second pneumatic regulating valve and the heat pump are controlled to be in a variable frequency running state.
The embodiment of the invention provides a thermal power unit frequency modulation system and a thermal power unit frequency modulation method with low coupling of a heat pump and low coupling, and the geothermal energy is reasonably utilized by utilizing the heat pump, so that the energy efficiency of the thermal power unit can be improved, the liquid level stability of a condenser and a deaerator can be ensured, and the duration time of throttling and frequency modulation of condensed water is prolonged. Specifically, the condensation water flowing out of the condensation water pump is regulated by a first pneumatic regulating valve, enters the deaerator through a plurality of low pressure pumps, is regulated by a second pneumatic regulating valve, enters the deaerator after passing through the geothermal heat exchanger, and absorbs the low pressure steam extraction of the steam turbine and the heat of hot water in the heat pump respectively, so that the temperature of the condensation water entering the deaerator is ensured, and the liquid level stability of the condenser and the deaerator is also ensured. The heat pump is applied to the thermal power generating unit, and simultaneously, the geothermal energy and the low-heating participation in frequency modulation are configured, so that the participation frequency modulation capability of the unit is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a frequency modulation system of a thermal power generating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a low-pressure cylinder of a steam turbine; a 2-generator; 3-condensate loop; 4-a heat absorption bypass; a 5-geothermal loop; 6-deaerator; 7-a liquid level sensor;
11-a first steam extraction pipeline; 12-a second steam extraction pipeline;
31-a condenser; 32-a condensate pump; 33-a first pneumatic control valve; 34-low addition; 35-a first switching valve; 36-a flow sensor; 37-pressure sensor;
41-a second pneumatic control valve; 42-geothermal heat exchanger; 43-a second switching valve; 44-a temperature sensor; 51-burying a pipe; 52-heat pump.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a thermal power generating unit frequency modulation system with a heat pump and low-pressure coupling, which comprises a turbine low-pressure cylinder 1, a generator 2, a condensate water loop 3, a heat absorption bypass 4, a geothermal loop 5 and a deaerator 6, wherein:
the low-pressure cylinder 1 of the steam turbine is connected with the generator 2, a condenser 31, a condensate pump 32, a first pneumatic regulating valve 33, a plurality of low-pressure adds 34 and a first switching valve 35 are sequentially arranged on the condensate loop 3 along the condensate flow direction, the condenser 31 is connected with the low-pressure cylinder 1 of the steam turbine through a first steam extraction pipeline 11, the low-pressure adds 34 are connected with the low-pressure cylinder 1 of the steam turbine through a second steam extraction pipeline 12, the pressure of the first steam extraction pipeline 11 is smaller than that of the second steam extraction pipeline 12, and the first switching valve 35 is connected with the deaerator 6;
a second pneumatic regulating valve 41, a geothermal heat exchanger 42 and a second switch valve 43 are sequentially arranged on the heat absorption bypass 4 along the flow direction of the condensed water, and the second switch valve 43 is connected with the deaerator 6;
the geothermal loop 5 is provided with a geothermal heat exchanger 42, a buried pipe 51 and a heat pump 52;
when the thermal power generating unit is subjected to frequency modulation, the liquid level stability of the condenser 31 and the deaerator 6 is ensured by controlling the condensate pump 32, the first pneumatic adjusting valve 33, the second pneumatic adjusting valve 41 and the heat pump 52.
In the embodiment, the geothermal energy is reasonably utilized by utilizing the heat pump 52, so that the energy efficiency of the thermal power unit can be improved, the liquid level stability of the condenser 31 and the deaerator 6 can be ensured, and the duration time of throttling and frequency modulation of the condensed water is prolonged. Specifically, the condensation water flowing out of the condensation water pump 32 is regulated by the first pneumatic regulating valve 33, enters the deaerator 6 through the plurality of low-pressure heaters 34 (namely the low-pressure heater), is regulated by the second pneumatic regulating valve 41, enters the deaerator 6 after passing through the geothermal heat exchanger 42, and absorbs the heat of the hot water in the low-pressure steam extraction and the heat pump of the steam turbine respectively, so that the temperature of the condensation water entering the deaerator 6 is ensured, and the liquid level stability of the condenser 31 and the deaerator 6 is ensured. The heat pump is applied to the thermal power generating unit, and simultaneously, the geothermal energy and the low-heating participation in frequency modulation are configured, so that the participation frequency modulation capability of the unit is improved.
After the scheme of the embodiment of the invention is applied, the main regulating valve of the steam turbine can not be in a micro-throttling state, so that the running economy of the unit can be effectively improved.
In one embodiment of the invention, a flow sensor 36 and a pressure sensor 37 are arranged on the condensate loop 3 between the condensate pump 32 and the first pneumatic control valve 33, a temperature sensor 44 is arranged on the heat absorption bypass 4 between the geothermal heat exchanger 42 and the second switch valve 43, and a liquid level sensor 7 is arranged on the deaerator 6;
when the condensate pump 32 is in a variable frequency state, the condensate pump 32 is regulated based on the water level set value of the deaerator 6, the measured value of the liquid level sensor 7, the unit feedwater flow measured value and the measured value of the flow sensor 36;
the first pneumatic control valve 33 is controlled based on the unit frequency difference measurement, the unit power setpoint and the unit actual power measurement;
the second pneumatic adjusting valve 41 is adjusted based on the water level set value of the deaerator 6, the measured value of the liquid level sensor 7, the unit feedwater flow measured value, the measured value of the flow sensor 36 when the measured value of the pressure sensor 37 is smaller than the pressure set value, or when the measured value of the pressure sensor 37 is not smaller than the pressure set value and the condensate pump 32 is in the power frequency state;
when the measured value of the pressure sensor 37 is not less than the pressure set value and the condensate pump 32 is in the variable frequency state, the second pneumatic adjustment valve 41 is adjusted based on the valve opening of the first pneumatic adjustment valve 33;
the heat pump 52 is adjusted based on the temperature set point of the condensate water and the measurement of the temperature sensor 44.
In this embodiment, through setting up above-mentioned frequency conversion regulation mode, can guarantee that the thermal power generating unit adopts the condensate water throttle to carry out the liquid level stability of condenser 31 and deaerator 6 when the primary frequency modulation mode, effectively utilize geothermal energy, promote condensate water throttle frequency modulation's duration, promote unit operation economic nature simultaneously.
Specifically, when the ratio of the current unit load to the rated unit load of the thermal power unit is greater than a preset ratio, the condensate pump 32, the first pneumatic control valve 33, the second pneumatic control valve 41 and the heat pump 52 are controlled to be in a variable frequency running state;
when the ratio of the current unit load to the rated unit load of the thermal power unit is not greater than the preset ratio, the condensate pump 32 is controlled to be in a power frequency operation state, and the first pneumatic control valve 33, the second pneumatic control valve 41 and the heat pump 52 are controlled to be in a variable frequency operation state.
The variable frequency operation state is the respective adjustment states of the condensate pump 32, the first pneumatic adjustment valve 33, the second pneumatic adjustment valve 41, and the heat pump 52.
In some embodiments, the preset ratio may be any value from 50% to 60%, which is not particularly limited herein.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the condensate pump 32 is specifically adjusted when the condensate pump 32 is in a variable frequency state by:
judging whether the measured value of the pressure sensor 37 is smaller than the pressure set value, and if so, maintaining the current operating frequency of the condensate pump 32;
if not, the following operations are performed:
summing a water level set value of the deaerator 6 and a first input signal input by an operator into the first PID controller to obtain a water level theoretical value of the deaerator 6;
based on the theoretical water level value of the deaerator 6 and the measured value of the liquid level sensor 7, an outer loop regulating instruction output by the first PID controller is obtained;
subtracting the unit water supply flow measurement value and the filtered measurement value thereof to obtain a differential value of the unit water supply flow change;
summing the measured value after the unit water supply flow measurement is filtered, the differential value of the unit water supply flow change and the outer loop regulating command to obtain an inner loop set value;
the inner loop set point and the measured value of the flow sensor 36 are input to the second PID controller, and a regulation command for the condensate pump 32 is output to regulate the condensate pump 32 using the regulation command.
In one embodiment of the invention, the pressure set point is determined by the following formula:
p＝a 1 ·Q+b 1
wherein p represents a pressure set value and MPa; q is the power value of the unit and MW; a, a 1 And b 1 The method comprises the steps of sequentially presetting a first calculation coefficient and a second calculation coefficient.
In this embodiment, the control function of the condensate pump 32 is divided into two aspects, on one hand, ensuring that the water level of the deaerator 6 is within a reasonable range, and on the other hand, ensuring the unit condensate pressure, thereby ensuring that a part of the system using condensate as a source of the desuperheating water can operate normally.
For example, when the ratio of the current unit load to the rated unit load of the thermal power unit is greater than 60%, the condensate pump 32 adopts variable frequency adjustment, and specifically adjusts the water level of the deaerator 6 through the above-mentioned variable frequency adjustment scheme; when the ratio of the current unit load to the rated unit load of the thermal power unit is not more than 60%, the condensate pump 32 operates at power frequency to ensure the flow required by the unit condensate throttling and heat absorption bypass 4, and the condensate pump 32 does not participate in regulation at this time.
It will be appreciated that the first input signal input by the operator into the first PID controller is effective to facilitate the operator to make a small adjustment to the water level value of the deaerator 6. When the condensate pump 32 is in the power frequency operation mode, the output value of the condensate pump 32 takes a fixed value of 100.
Therefore, the control scheme of the condensate pump 32 can ensure that the water level of the deaerator 6 is stable, thereby ensuring safe and stable operation of the unit condensate water in a throttling and frequency-modulating mode, effectively utilizing the economy of variable frequency operation of the condensate pump, and ensuring that the primary frequency-modulating function of the unit meets the requirements of power grid companies.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the first pneumatic control valve 33 is specifically adjusted by:
obtaining a unit power regulating value based on the unit frequency difference measuring value;
summing the unit power regulating value and the unit power set value to obtain a unit power theoretical value;
inputting the set power theoretical value and the set actual power measured value into a PID controller to obtain a first output value;
obtaining a second output value based on the unit frequency difference measurement value and the unit actual power measurement value;
the first output value and the second output value are summed to obtain an adjustment command for the first air-operated adjustment valve 33, so that the adjustment command is used to adjust the first air-operated adjustment valve 33.
In this embodiment, the primary control function of the first pneumatic control valve 33 is to adjust the condensate flow entering the plurality of low-pressure heaters, thereby realizing the change of the steam extraction quantity of the low-pressure cylinder, changing the functional force of the low-pressure cylinder, and realizing the primary frequency modulation function of the unit. Whether the condensate pump 32 is in a power frequency state or a variable frequency regulation state, in the scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the main function of the first pneumatic regulating valve 33 is to realize the primary frequency regulation function of the unit through condensate water throttling.
In one embodiment of the present invention, obtaining a unit power adjustment value based on a unit frequency difference measurement value includes:
and obtaining a unit power adjustment value based on the following formula:
wherein delta N is a unit power regulating value and MW; n (N) e Rated load for the unit, MW; delta is the speed change rate of the unit and percent；n e R/min is the rated rotation speed of the unit; Δh z The frequency difference is a measured value of the unit frequency difference, namely Hz;
based on the unit frequency difference measurement value and the unit actual transmission power measurement value, obtaining a second output value comprises the following steps:
the second output value is obtained based on the following formula:
in the formula, v 1 A second output value,%; k is a preset feedforward coefficient; n is a measured value of actual power of the unit, MW; n (N) e Rated load for the unit, MW; a, a 2 And b 2 The third calculation coefficient and the fourth calculation coefficient are preset in sequence; Δh z Is the frequency difference measurement value of the unit, and is Hz.
In this embodiment, after the thermal power unit frequency difference signal is calculated by a function f1 (x) (i.e. a function of a unit power adjustment value), the calculated result is summed with a unit power set value to be used as an input value of a set value input end SP of a PID controller, where the calculation of the function f1 (x) is mainly performed by combining information such as unit rotational speed unequal rate, frequency difference, etc., so as to calculate a power value to be adjusted for primary frequency modulation; after the actual power measurement value (the signal comes from the power generator measurement and control screen) is processed by the filter block leader, the actual power measurement value and the unit frequency difference signal are used as the input value of the function f2 (x) (namely, the function of the second output value), and after the output value calculated by the function f2 (x) is summed with the output value of the PID controller, the sum is used as the control command output value of the execution mechanism of the main condensed water air-conditioning valve 9. The function f2 (x) has the main function of obtaining the reference value feedforward of the regulating instruction of the first pneumatic regulating valve 33 through calculation by the unit actual power measurement value and the unit frequency difference signal so as to ensure the response speed and the control precision of the throttling and frequency modulation of the condensed water of the unit.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the measured value of the pressure sensor 37 is smaller than the pressure set value, or when the measured value of the pressure sensor 37 is not smaller than the pressure set value and the condensate pump 32 is in the power frequency state, the second pneumatic adjustment valve 41 is specifically adjusted by:
summing a water level set value of the deaerator 6 and a first input signal input by an operator into the first PID controller to obtain a water level theoretical value of the deaerator 6;
based on the theoretical water level value of the deaerator 6 and the measured value of the liquid level sensor 7, an outer loop regulating instruction output by the first PID controller is obtained;
subtracting the unit water supply flow measurement value and the filtered measurement value thereof to obtain a differential value of the unit water supply flow change;
summing the measured value after the unit water supply flow measurement is filtered, the differential value of the unit water supply flow change and the outer loop regulating command to obtain an inner loop set value;
the inner circuit set value and the measured value of the flow sensor 36 are input to the second PID controller, and a regulation command for the second pneumatic regulator valve 41 is output to regulate the second pneumatic regulator valve 41 by the regulation command.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the measured value of the pressure sensor 37 is not smaller than the pressure set value and the condensate pump 32 is in the variable frequency state, the second pneumatic adjustment valve 41 is specifically adjusted by:
the adjustment instruction of the second pneumatic adjustment valve 41 is obtained by the following formula to adjust the second pneumatic adjustment valve 41 with the adjustment instruction:
in the formula, v 2 As the adjustment instruction of the second pneumatic adjustment valve 41,%; q is the measurement of the flow sensor 36, t/h; v 1i The valve opening of the first pneumatic control valve 33,%; c v1 And c v2 The flow coefficients preset for the first pneumatic control valve 33 and the second pneumatic control valve 41 are sequentially set;
wherein the pressure set point is determined by the following formula:
p＝a 1 ·Q+b 1
wherein p represents a pressure set value and MPa; q is the power value of the unit and MW; a, a 1 And b 1 The method comprises the steps of sequentially presetting a first calculation coefficient and a second calculation coefficient.
In this embodiment, the control function of the second pneumatic control valve 41 mainly ensures that the water level of the deaerator 6 is within a reasonable range, so as to ensure the reliability of the primary frequency modulation mode of the unit and the safety and stability of the unit in the condensate water throttling mode, and the control scheme thereof can be divided into the control scheme of the condensate pump 32 in the power frequency state and the variable frequency state. Through implementation of the control scheme, the water level of the deaerator 6 can be ensured to be stable when the condensate pump 32 is in a variable frequency or power frequency state, so that safe and stable operation of the unit condensate water in a throttling and frequency modulation mode is ensured, the duration of throttling and frequency modulation of the unit condensate water is prolonged, and the primary frequency modulation function of the unit is ensured to meet the requirements of power grid companies.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat pump 52 is specifically tuned by:
summing the temperature set value of the condensed water and a second input signal input by an operator to a third PID controller to obtain a temperature theoretical value of the condensed water;
the theoretical value of the temperature of the condensed water and the measured value of the temperature sensor 44 are input to the third PID controller, and an adjustment command for the heat pump 52 is output to adjust the heat pump 52 using the adjustment command.
In this embodiment, the control function of the heat pump 52 is mainly to ensure that the temperature of the condensate water entering the deaerator 6 is within a reasonable range, and the heat energy of the geothermal source is stable, so that the energy release is simple and fast, and the heat energy of the geothermal source is reasonably and efficiently input into the unit condensate water system in a unit condensate water throttling and frequency modulation mode to ensure the quality of the condensate water entering the deaerator 6, thereby indirectly improving the safety and stability of the throttling regulation of the condensate water of the unit, and improving the regulation and economic performance of the unit. The second input signal is mainly used for facilitating the operator to slightly adjust the temperature value of the condensed water at the inlet of the deaerator 6.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a thermal power generating unit frequency modulation method of coupling a heat pump and low heating, and the frequency modulation system mentioned in any one of the embodiments is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
when the ratio of the current unit load to the rated unit load of the thermal power unit is larger than a preset ratio, the condensate pump 32, the first pneumatic control valve 33, the second pneumatic control valve 41 and the heat pump 52 are controlled to be in a variable frequency running state;
when the ratio of the current unit load to the rated unit load of the thermal power unit is not greater than the preset ratio, the condensate pump 32 is controlled to be in a power frequency operation state, and the first pneumatic control valve 33, the second pneumatic control valve 41 and the heat pump 52 are controlled to be in a variable frequency operation state.
It should be noted that, the frequency modulation method of the thermal power generating unit provided by the embodiment and the frequency modulation system of the thermal power generating unit provided by the foregoing embodiment are based on the same inventive concept, so that the two have the same beneficial effects, and are not described herein.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited thereto; although embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a generating set's frequency modulation system, its characterized in that includes steam turbine low pressure jar (1), generator (2), condensate loop (3), heat absorption bypass (4), geothermal loop (5) and deaerator (6), wherein:
the low-pressure cylinder (1) of the steam turbine is connected with the generator (2), a condenser (31), a condensate pump (32), a first pneumatic regulating valve (33), a plurality of low-pressure pumps (34) and a first switch valve (35) are sequentially arranged on the condensate loop (3) along the condensate flow direction, the condenser (31) is connected with the low-pressure cylinder (1) of the steam turbine through a first steam extraction pipeline (11), a plurality of low-pressure pumps (34) are connected with the low-pressure cylinder (1) of the steam turbine through a second steam extraction pipeline (12), the pressure of the first steam extraction pipeline (11) is smaller than that of the second steam extraction pipeline (12), and the first switch valve (35) is connected with the deaerator (6);
a second pneumatic regulating valve (41), a geothermal heat exchanger (42) and a second switching valve (43) are sequentially arranged on the heat absorption bypass (4) along the flow direction of the condensed water, and the second switching valve (43) is connected with the deaerator (6);
the geothermal loop (5) is provided with the geothermal heat exchanger (42), a buried pipe (51) and a heat pump (52);
when the generator set is subjected to frequency modulation, the liquid level stability of the condenser (31) and the deaerator (6) is ensured by controlling the condensate pump (32), the first pneumatic regulating valve (33), the second pneumatic regulating valve (41) and the heat pump (52);
a flow sensor (36) and a pressure sensor (37) are arranged on the condensate water loop (3) between the condensate water pump (32) and the first pneumatic regulating valve (33), a temperature sensor (44) is arranged on the heat absorption bypass (4) between the geothermal heat exchanger (42) and the second switching valve (43), and a liquid level sensor (7) is arranged on the deaerator (6);
when the condensate pump (32) is in a variable frequency state, the condensate pump (32) is regulated based on a water level set value of the deaerator (6), a measured value of the liquid level sensor (7), a unit feed water flow measurement value and a measured value of the flow sensor (36);
the first pneumatic control valve (33) is controlled based on a unit frequency difference measurement, a unit power set point and a unit actual power measurement;
-the second pneumatic adjustment valve (41) is adjusted based on the water level set point of the deaerator (6), the measurement value of the liquid level sensor (7), the unit feed water flow measurement, the measurement value of the flow sensor (36) when the measurement value of the pressure sensor (37) is smaller than a pressure set point, or when the measurement value of the pressure sensor (37) is not smaller than a pressure set point and the condensate pump (32) is in a power frequency state;
when the measured value of the pressure sensor (37) is not smaller than a pressure set value and the condensate pump (32) is in a variable frequency state, the second pneumatic control valve (41) is adjusted based on the valve opening of the first pneumatic control valve (33);
the heat pump (52) is regulated based on a temperature set point of the condensate water and a measured value of the temperature sensor (44).
2. The frequency modulation system of a generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the condensate pump (32) is in a variable frequency state, the condensate pump (32) is specifically regulated by:
judging whether the measured value of the pressure sensor (37) is smaller than a pressure set value, and if so, keeping the condensate pump (32) to operate at the current operating frequency;
if not, the following operations are performed:
summing a water level set value of the deaerator (6) and a first input signal input by an operator to a first PID controller to obtain a water level theoretical value of the deaerator (6);
based on the theoretical water level value of the deaerator (6) and the measured value of the liquid level sensor (7), obtaining an outer loop regulating instruction output by the first PID controller;
subtracting the measured value of the unit water supply flow and the measured value after filtering to obtain a differential value of the unit water supply flow change;
summing the measured value after the unit water supply flow measurement is filtered, the differential value of the unit water supply flow change and the outer loop regulating instruction to obtain an inner loop set value;
the inner loop set value and the measured value of the flow sensor (36) are input into a second PID controller, and an adjustment command for the condensate pump (32) is output so as to adjust the condensate pump (32) by using the adjustment command.
3. A frequency modulation system for a generator set according to claim 2 wherein the pressure set point is determined by the formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,to represent the pressure set point, MPa; />Power value of the unit, MW; />And->The method comprises the steps of sequentially presetting a first calculation coefficient and a second calculation coefficient.
4. The frequency modulation system of a generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that the first pneumatic regulating valve (33) is regulated in particular by:
obtaining a unit power regulating value based on the unit frequency difference measuring value;
summing the unit power regulating value and the unit power set value to obtain a unit power theoretical value;
inputting the set power theoretical value and the set actual power measured value into a PID controller to obtain a first output value;
obtaining a second output value based on the unit frequency difference measurement value and the unit actual transmission power measurement value;
and summing the first output value and the second output value to obtain an adjustment instruction of the first pneumatic adjustment valve (33) so as to adjust the first pneumatic adjustment valve (33) by using the adjustment instruction.
5. The system for tuning a generator set of claim 4, wherein said deriving a set power adjustment value based on said set frequency difference measurement comprises:
and obtaining a unit power adjustment value based on the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the power of the unit is adjusted to be a value MW; />Rated load for the unit, MW; />The speed change rate of the unit is%;r/min is the rated rotation speed of the unit; />The frequency difference is a measured value of the unit frequency difference, namely Hz;
the obtaining a second output value based on the unit frequency difference measurement value and the unit actual transmission power measurement value includes:
the second output value is obtained based on the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the second output value,%; />Is a preset feedforward coefficient; />Actual power measurement, MW, for the unit; />Rated load for the unit, MW; />And->The third calculation coefficient and the fourth calculation coefficient are preset in sequence; />Is the frequency difference measurement value of the unit, and is Hz.
6. The frequency modulation system of a generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that the second pneumatic control valve (41) is controlled in particular by:
summing a water level set value of the deaerator (6) and a first input signal input by an operator to a first PID controller to obtain a water level theoretical value of the deaerator (6);
based on the theoretical water level value of the deaerator (6) and the measured value of the liquid level sensor (7), obtaining an outer loop regulating instruction output by the first PID controller;
subtracting the measured value of the unit water supply flow and the measured value after filtering to obtain a differential value of the unit water supply flow change;
summing the measured value after the unit water supply flow measurement is filtered, the differential value of the unit water supply flow change and the outer loop regulating instruction to obtain an inner loop set value;
the inner loop set value and the measured value of the flow sensor (36) are input to a second PID controller, and a regulation command for the second pneumatic regulator valve (41) is output to regulate the second pneumatic regulator valve (41) by the regulation command.
7. The frequency modulation system of a generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that the second pneumatic regulating valve (41) is regulated in particular by the following way when the measured value of the pressure sensor (37) is not smaller than a pressure set point and the condensate pump (32) is in a variable frequency state:
the adjustment command of the second pneumatic adjustment valve (41) is obtained by the following formula, so that the adjustment command is used for adjusting the second pneumatic adjustment valve (41):
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the control command of the second pneumatic control valve (41)%; />T/h is a measurement of the flow sensor (36); />For the valve opening of the first pneumatic control valve (33)%; />And->Flow coefficients preset for the first pneumatic control valve (33) and the second pneumatic control valve (41) in sequence;
wherein the pressure set point is determined by the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,to represent the pressure set point, MPa; />Power value of the unit, MW; />And->The method comprises the steps of sequentially presetting a first calculation coefficient and a second calculation coefficient.
8. The frequency modulation system of a generator set according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the heat pump (52) is specifically regulated by:
summing the temperature set value of the condensed water and a second input signal input by an operator to a third PID controller to obtain a temperature theoretical value of the condensed water;
the theoretical value of the temperature of the condensed water and the measured value of the temperature sensor (44) are input into the third PID controller, and an adjustment command for the heat pump (52) is output to adjust the heat pump (52) by the adjustment command.
9. A method of tuning a generator set, wherein a tuning system of a generator set according to any one of claims 1-8 is used, the method comprising:
when the ratio of the current unit load to the rated unit load of the generator set is larger than a preset ratio, controlling the condensate pump (32), the first pneumatic control valve (33), the second pneumatic control valve (41) and the heat pump (52) to be in a variable-frequency running state;
when the ratio of the current unit load to the rated unit load of the generator set is not larger than a preset ratio, the condensate pump (32) is controlled to be in a power frequency running state, and the first pneumatic control valve (33), the second pneumatic control valve (41) and the heat pump (52) are controlled to be in a variable frequency running state.
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| CN117628491B (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-08-16 | 中国电力工程顾问集团有限公司 | Thermal power unit peak regulation and frequency modulation system with steam jet extractor and high-pressure heater coupled |
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