CN116654255A - Sliding use method of four-point landing system of ground effect wing ship - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a sliding use method of a four-point landing system of a ground effect wing ship, which comprises a ship body, wherein a front sliding surface, a front broken step, a rear sliding surface and a rear broken step are sequentially arranged on the bottom surface of the ship body from front to back, a front landing wheel is arranged in the middle of the ship bow in front of the front sliding surface downwards, symmetrical middle landing wheels are arranged on two sides of a ship midship above the front sliding surface, and a rear landing wheel is arranged in the middle of the ship stern behind the rear broken step downwards to form a four-point landing wheel system; when the ship slides and water is drained, when a distance exists between the front landing wheels and the slope, the weight of the ship body is supported by the landing wheels on the two sides and the rear landing wheels on the rear side, and after the ship body is inclined forwards and the front landing wheels are contacted with the slope, the weight of the ship body is supported by the landing wheels on the two sides and the front landing wheels on the front side; therefore, the landing risk generated by arranging landing wheels on the sliding surface of the ship body is effectively avoided through the unique four-point landing wheel system of the ground effect wing ship, and meanwhile, the overturning danger possibly occurring when the ground effect wing ship slides down on a slope is also prevented.

Description

Sliding use method of four-point landing system of ground effect wing ship

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of ground effect wing ships, in particular to a sliding use method of a four-point landing system of a ground effect wing ship.

Background

The ground effect wing ship adopts a water lifting mode under the general condition, and land adopts landing wheels to lift water. The existing land effect wing boat landing wheel arrangement generally adopts a front three-point type, which is the same as the modern airplane (including a water plane) landing wheel arrangement.

The existing front three-point type arrangement mode and technology are reasonable and mature, but as the front wheels are required to be arranged on the front sliding surface of the hull of the ground effect wing ship, in the water lifting process, in order to prevent the front landing wheels from influencing the sliding lifting of the ground effect wing ship, a front wheel retraction device and a corresponding retraction cabin which are complex and difficult to maintain are required to be designed, so that the use and maintenance cost of the ground effect wing ship is greatly improved. In order to reduce the use and maintenance costs, some small-sized land-effect wing ships choose not to retract the front wheels, but the front wheels arranged on the front sliding surface of the ship body bring great risks to the lifting of the land-effect wing ship, and particularly greatly influence the performance of the front sliding surface when the land-effect wing ship lifts on water.

Disclosure of Invention

The inventor provides a sliding use method of a four-point landing system of a ground effect wing ship with reasonable structure aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that the landing risk generated by arranging landing wheels on a sliding surface of a ship body is effectively avoided through a unique four-point landing wheel system of the ground effect wing ship, and meanwhile, the overturning danger possibly occurring when a ramp of the ground effect wing ship slides downwards is also prevented.

The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

the ground effect wing ship comprises a ship body, a front sliding surface, a front broken step, a rear sliding surface and a rear broken step are sequentially arranged on the bottom surface of the ship body from front to back, front landing wheels are installed in the middle of a ship bow in front of the front sliding surface downwards, symmetrical middle landing wheels are installed on two sides of a ship midship above the front sliding surface downwards, and rear landing wheels are installed in the middle of a ship stern behind the rear broken step downwards to form a four-point landing wheel system;

the method comprises a flat ground sliding method, a sliding launching method and a sliding landing method, wherein the sliding landing method is opposite to the sliding launching method;

the ground effect wing ship is launched from the flat ground through a slope, and the method for sliding launching comprises the following steps:

when the ground effect wing ship is on the flat ground, the middle landing wheels on the two sides and the rear landing wheels on the rear landing wheels land, and the ground effect wing ship slides towards the direction of the slope;

when the landing wheels on the two sides approach and slide into the slope, the rear landing wheel is still positioned on the flat ground, the front landing wheel is put down, and at the moment, a distance exists between the bottom surface of the front landing wheel and the slope, and the front landing wheel is suspended;

the middle landing wheel slides downwards along the slope, the rear landing wheel is still positioned on the flat ground, the ground effect wing ship tilts forwards along with the continuous sliding, so that the front landing wheel is contacted with the slope, a front wheel oil cylinder of the front landing wheel is compressed, and the front wheel oil cylinder is stabilized at a set pressure value by an oil cylinder pressure maintaining system;

with the continuous forward sliding of the ground effect wing ship, the front wheel oil cylinder is continuously compressed, the pressure is continuously unloaded and is constant at a set pressure value until the front landing wheel, the middle landing wheel and the rear landing wheel enter a slope for sliding, and the front landing wheel, the middle landing wheel and the rear landing wheel are subjected to stable supporting force until the ground effect wing ship slides into water.

As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:

in the process of sliding launching, when a distance exists between the front landing wheel and the slope, the weight of the ship body is supported by the landing wheels in the two sides and the rear landing wheel at the rear; after the hull tilts forward and the front landing wheels contact the ramp, the hull weight is supported by the middle landing wheels and the front landing wheels on both sides.

The front landing wheel and the rear landing wheel are positioned on the same longitudinal direction of the ship body.

The front landing wheel is arranged on the bow through a front wheel retracting mechanism, the front wheel retracting mechanism is used for retracting the front landing wheel upwards or downwards, and the front landing wheel is positioned outside the ship body.

The front wheel retracting mechanism has the structure that: the front wheel fork is provided with a front wheel fork which is of a downward U-shaped structure through a flange assembly, and a front landing wheel is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the front wheel fork through a front wheel shaft; the front wheel cylinder is connected with a cylinder pressure maintaining system, a pressure value is set for the front wheel cylinder by the cylinder pressure maintaining system, and the extending state of the output end of the front wheel cylinder is passively changed due to the stress state of the front landing wheel.

When the front landing wheel is in a complete extending state, the front wheel oil cylinder is in an unstressed state, and when the front landing wheel is in a stressed state, the front wheel oil cylinder is passively compressed, and the front wheel oil cylinder is regulated by the oil cylinder pressure maintaining system to be stable at a set pressure value.

The middle landing wheel is arranged on the midship through a middle wheel retracting mechanism, the middle wheel retracting mechanism laterally retracts or lowers the middle landing wheel, and the middle landing wheel is positioned in front of the front broken steps and the gravity center of the ship body.

The structure of the middle wheel retracting mechanism is as follows: the device comprises an upper rod and a lower rod, wherein one end of the upper rod is rotatably arranged on a ship body, the upper rod and the lower rod are parallel and equal in length, the other end of the upper rod and the other end of the lower rod are respectively rotatably arranged on a middle wheel support, a middle wheel oil cylinder is arranged between the top surface of the middle wheel support and the ship body, and a middle landing wheel is rotatably arranged at the outer side of the bottom end of the middle wheel support through a middle wheel shaft.

The rear landing wheel is arranged at the stern through a rear wheel retracting mechanism, and the rear wheel retracting mechanism is used for retracting the rear landing wheel backwards or putting down the rear landing wheel forwards.

The structure of the rear wheel retracting mechanism is as follows: the ship comprises an upper stay bar and a lower stay bar, wherein opposite end parts of the upper stay bar and the lower stay bar are rotatably arranged through a rotating shaft, the other end of the upper stay bar is rotatably arranged on a ship body, and the other end of the lower stay bar is rotatably arranged in the middle of a rear wheel strut; a rear wheel cylinder is arranged between the lower part of the upper stay bar and the ship body, the top end of the rear wheel support column is rotatably arranged with the ship body, and the bottom end of the rear wheel support column is rotatably provided with a rear landing wheel through a rear wheel shaft.

The beneficial effects of the application are as follows:

the four-point landing wheel system is compact and reasonable in structure and convenient to operate, front landing wheels are arranged in front of the front sliding surface of the ship body, rear landing wheels are arranged behind the rear broken steps of the ship body, middle landing wheels are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the midship of the ship body, and a four-point landing wheel system is formed; in the process of the ground effect wing ship sliding launching, when a distance exists between the front landing wheels and the slope, the weight of the ship body is supported by the middle landing wheels on two sides and the rear landing wheels at the rear, and after the ship body is inclined forwards and the front landing wheels are contacted with the slope, the weight of the ship body is supported by the middle landing wheels on two sides and the front landing wheels at the front; therefore, the landing risk generated by arranging landing wheels on the sliding surface of the ship body is effectively avoided through the unique four-point landing wheel system of the ground effect wing ship, and meanwhile, the possible overturning danger when the ground effect wing ship slides down on a slope is also prevented, so that the stability, reliability and safety of the ground effect wing ship in the process of launching or landing are greatly ensured, and the practicability is good;

the application also has the following advantages:

according to different stress conditions and use modes of the front landing wheel, the middle landing wheel and the rear landing wheel, different retraction mechanisms are adopted, and particularly an oil cylinder pressure maintaining system is arranged for a front wheel oil cylinder corresponding to the front landing wheel, so that the extension length of the front wheel is effectively and reliably ensured to meet the use requirement.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which the wing boat according to the present application is supported on a flat ground before being launched.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state that a landing wheel slides into a slope before the wing boat of the present application is launched.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state that a landing wheel in front of a wing boat contacts a slope.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the four-point landing wheels of the wing boat of the present application in a state where they are all located on a slope.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the launching of the WIG craft of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a front view of the WIG craft of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a left side view (landing wheel lowered state) of fig. 6.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the wing boat of the present application in a stowed configuration.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the front wheel retracting mechanism of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic cylinder pressure maintaining system of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the wheel retracting mechanism in the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the wheel retraction mechanism of the present application in a retracted state.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the rear wheel retracting mechanism of the present application.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the rear wheel retracting mechanism in the retracted state.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the force applied by the WIG craft of the present application during its sliding from flat to ramp.

FIG. 16 is a force diagram of the WIG craft of the present application when planing on a ramp.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the force applied by the WIG craft of the present application during its sliding from a ramp to level ground.

Wherein: 10. a hull; 20. a float boat; 30. earth effect wings; 40. a power system; 50. a vertical tail; 60. a horizontal tail;

11. a front sliding surface; 12. front broken steps; 13. a rear sliding surface;

2. a front landing wheel; 3. a middle landing wheel; 4. a rear landing wheel; 5. a front wheel retracting mechanism; 6. a middle wheel retracting mechanism; 7. a rear wheel retracting mechanism;

51. a front wheel cylinder; 52. a front wheel mounting support; 53. a flange assembly; 55. a front fork; 56. a front axle; 510. the oil cylinder pressure maintaining system; 511. an overflow valve; 512. an oil tank; 513. a one-way valve; 514. a reversing valve; 515. a hydraulic pump;

61. a pole is arranged; 62. a middle wheel cylinder; 63. a middle wheel support; 64. a lower rod; 65. a middle wheel shaft;

71. a rear wheel strut; 72. a lower stay bar; 73. a rotating shaft; 74. an upper stay bar; 75. and a rear wheel oil cylinder.

Detailed Description

The following describes specific embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, in the sliding use method of the four-point landing system of the ground effect wing ship in this embodiment, the ground effect wing ship comprises a ship body 10, wherein a front sliding surface 11, a front broken step 12, a rear sliding surface 13 and a rear broken step are sequentially arranged on the bottom surface of the ship body 10 from front to back, a front landing wheel 2 is installed in the middle of the ship bow in front of the front sliding surface 11 downwards, symmetrical middle landing wheels 3 are installed on two sides of the ship midship above the front sliding surface 11 downwards, and a rear landing wheel 4 is installed in the middle of the ship stern behind the rear broken step downwards, so as to form the four-point landing wheel system;

the method comprises a flat ground sliding method, a sliding launching method and a sliding login method, wherein the sliding login method is opposite to the sliding launching method;

the ground effect wing ship is launched from the flat ground through the slope, and the method for sliding launching comprises the following steps:

the first step: when the ground effect wing ship is on the flat ground, the middle landing wheels 3 and the rear landing wheels 4 on the two sides land, and the ground effect wing ship slides towards the direction of the slope, as shown in figure 1;

and a second step of: when the landing wheels 3 on the two sides approach and slide into the slope, the rear landing wheel 4 is still positioned on the flat ground, the front landing wheel 2 is put down, at the moment, a distance exists between the bottom surface of the front landing wheel 2 and the slope, and the front landing wheel 2 is suspended, as shown in fig. 2;

and a third step of: the middle landing wheel 3 slides downwards along the slope, the rear landing wheel 4 is still positioned on the flat ground, the ground effect wing ship tilts forwards along with the continuous sliding, so that the front landing wheel 2 is contacted with the slope, as shown in fig. 3, the front wheel cylinder 51 of the front landing wheel 2 is compressed, and the front wheel cylinder 51 is stabilized at a set pressure value by the cylinder pressure maintaining system 510;

fourth step: as the WIG craft continues to slide forward, the front wheel cylinders 51 continue to be compressed and the pressure continues to be unloaded and constant at the set pressure value until the front landing wheel 2, the middle landing wheel 3 and the rear landing wheel 4 all enter the ramp for sliding, as shown in fig. 4, the front landing wheel 2, the middle landing wheel 3 and the rear landing wheel 4 are subjected to stable supporting force until the WIG craft slides into the water, and after sliding into the water, the front landing wheel 2, the middle landing wheel 3 and the rear landing wheel 4 are retracted upward relative to the hull 10, as shown in fig. 5.

In the embodiment, a four-point landing wheel system is formed by arranging a front landing wheel 2 in front of a front sliding surface 11 of a hull 10, arranging a rear landing wheel 4 behind a rear broken-step of the hull 10 and symmetrically arranging middle landing wheels 3 on two sides of a midship of the hull 10; in the process of the ground effect wing ship sliding launching, when a distance exists between the front landing wheels 2 and a slope, the weight of the ship body 10 is supported by the middle landing wheels 3 and the rear landing wheels 4 on two sides, and after the ship body 10 tilts forwards and the front landing wheels 2 are contacted with the slope, the weight of the ship body 10 is supported by the middle landing wheels 3 and the front landing wheels 2 on two sides; therefore, the landing risk generated by arranging landing wheels on the sliding surface of the hull 10 is effectively avoided through the unique four-point landing wheel system of the ground effect wing ship, and meanwhile, the overturning danger possibly occurring when the ground effect wing ship slides down on a slope is also prevented.

In this embodiment, the four-point landing wheel system of the land-effect wing ship is used for supporting the ship body 10 during low-speed sliding landing or sliding launching, has low requirements on wharf facilities, can realize the launching and the loading of the ship only by one cement slope, and can directly enter a hangar.

In general, the ground effect wing ship is formed by extending the hull 10 of the ground effect wing ship towards two sides, the bottom surfaces of two ends of the ground effect wing 30 are symmetrically provided with the floating boats 20, the top surface of the hull 10 is also provided with the power system 40, the ground effect wing ship is driven to move forward by the operation of the power system 40, the tail 50 extends backwards upwards and backwards on the tail of the hull 10, and the top end of the tail 50 is provided with the horizontal tail 60, so as to form the ground effect wing ship.

When the landing wheels of the wing-in-ground effect ship slide on a flat ground, the middle landing wheel 3 and the rear landing wheel 4 are grounded, the front landing wheel 2 is generally in a retracted state, the wheels are not grounded, and the front landing wheel 2 can be in an extending stress state, so that the sliding state is a rear three-point type.

During the running and launching process, when a distance exists between the front landing wheel 2 and a slope, the weight of the ship body 10 is supported by the landing wheels 3 in two sides and the rear landing wheel 4 at the rear; after the hull 10 is tilted forward and the front landing wheel 2 is in contact with the ramp, the hull 10 weight is supported by the landing wheels 3 and the front landing wheel 2 in both sides.

As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the front landing wheel 2 and the rear landing wheel 4 are located in the same longitudinal direction of the hull 10, and only one wheel is used.

In this embodiment, the front landing wheel 2 and the rear landing wheel 4 are respectively arranged on the bow and stern far from the center of gravity outside the front sliding surface 11 and the rear sliding surface 13, and the main supporting force is borne by the middle two middle landing wheels 3 during normal sliding.

The front landing wheel 2 is mounted on the bow through a front wheel retracting mechanism 5, the front wheel retracting mechanism 5 retracts the front landing wheel 2 upwards or lowers the front landing wheel 2 downwards, and the front landing wheel 2 is located outside the ship body 10.

In this embodiment, since the front landing wheel 2 is disposed in front of the front sliding surface 11, it will not affect the front sliding surface 11, so in the sliding process of the ground effect wing ship, only the front landing wheel 2 needs to be retracted upwards through the front wheel retraction mechanism 5, and no additional accommodation cabin is required to accommodate the front landing wheel 2 inside the hull 10, so that the complex structural layout is effectively omitted and the manufacturing and use costs are saved while the practical use is ensured.

As shown in fig. 9, the front wheel retracting mechanism 5 has a structure in which: the front wheel fork device comprises a front wheel cylinder 51 which is arranged in the bow of the ship body 10 through a front wheel mounting support 52, wherein the output end of the front wheel cylinder 51 faces downwards, a front wheel fork 55 which is of a downward U-shaped structure is arranged at the output end of the front wheel cylinder 51 through a flange assembly 53, and a front landing wheel 2 is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the front wheel fork 55 through a front wheel shaft 56; the front wheel cylinder 51 is connected with a cylinder pressure maintaining system 510, a pressure value is set for the front wheel cylinder 51 by the cylinder pressure maintaining system 510, and the extending state of the output end of the front wheel cylinder 51 is passively changed due to the stressed state of the front landing wheel 2.

In this embodiment, the front wheel retracting mechanism 5 is a driving device using hydraulic pressure, and can realize remote control driving to complete linear motion so as to drive the front landing wheel 2 to move up and down. The front landing wheel 2 is put down and retracted very simply, the front wheel cylinder 51 is extended outwards when put down, and the front wheel cylinder 51 is retracted upwards when retracted.

When the front landing wheel 2 is in a fully extended state, the front wheel cylinder 51 is in an unstressed state, when the front landing wheel 2 is in a stressed state, the front wheel cylinder 51 is compressed passively, the pressure of a hydraulic system is increased, and the front wheel cylinder 51 is regulated by the cylinder pressure maintaining system 510 to be stable at a set pressure value, so that the extending length of the front landing wheel 2 is also in a certain constant value meeting the use requirement.

As shown in fig. 10, the cylinder pressure maintaining system 510 is composed of a relief valve 511, an oil tank 512, a check valve 513, a reversing valve 514, and a hydraulic pump 515. The relief valve 511 is used to automatically open the valve port when the pressure of the hydraulic system exceeds the set value, and the oil overflows to keep the pressure constant, and the relief valve 511 is used to prevent overload and ensure the system safety in the cylinder pressure maintaining system 510.

When the middle landing wheel 3 of the wing-in-ground effect boat slides into the slope, the rear landing wheel 4 is still on the flat ground, and the weight of the wing-in-ground effect boat is supported by the middle landing wheel 3 and the rear landing wheel 4. At this time, the front landing wheel 2 is put down, and the supporting force F is zero due to the distance between the front landing wheel 2 and the slope surface. When the ground effect wing boat gradually enters a downhill stage, at a certain position, the forward tilting moment generated by the thrust of the engine can enable the ground effect wing boat to rotate forwards around the gravity center, at the moment, the rear landing wheel 4 is not stressed, the front landing wheel 2 starts to bear force, and as the ground effect wing boat further enters a downhill stage, the front wheel cylinder 51 is compressed upwards under the action of the supporting force F, the pressure in the upper cavity of the front wheel cylinder 51 and corresponding pipelines is rapidly increased, and therefore accidents such as pipeline damage, stopping of the hydraulic pump 515, motor burnout and the like can be caused; by arranging the overflow valve 511 in the pipeline, when the pressure rises and exceeds a set pressure value, the pressure oil flows back to the oil tank 512 from the overflow valve 511, so that accidents can be effectively and reliably prevented, and the use safety is ensured. When the wing boat is completely driven into the downhill, the front wheel cylinder 51 is at a certain compression position, the pressure is also at a certain set pressure value, and the pressure system is stable. The extending length of the front landing wheel 2 is at a certain constant value, which can ensure that the extending length of the front wheel cylinder 51 just meets the contact and stress of the four landing wheels when the four landing wheels slide down the ramp, so that the whole moment is in a stable balance state and no overturning occurs.

The middle landing wheel 3 is mounted on the midship through a middle wheel retraction mechanism 6, the middle wheel retraction mechanism 6 laterally retracts or lowers the middle landing wheel 3, and the middle landing wheel 3 is positioned in front of the front broken step 12 and the center of gravity of the hull 10.

As shown in fig. 11, the middle wheel retracting mechanism 6 has the following structure: the ship comprises an upper rod 61 and a lower rod 64, one end of which is rotatably arranged on a ship body 10, the upper rod 61 and the lower rod 64 are parallel and equal in length, the other end of the upper rod 61 and the other end of the lower rod 64 are respectively rotatably arranged on a middle wheel support 63, a parallelogram connecting rod is formed by the upper rod 61, the lower rod 64, the ship body 10 and the middle wheel support 63 together, and the middle wheel support 63 is kept in a vertical state; a middle wheel cylinder 62 is arranged between the top surface of the middle wheel support 63 and the hull 10, and a middle landing wheel 3 is rotatably arranged outside the bottom end of the middle wheel support 63 through a middle wheel shaft 65.

When the middle wheel retracting mechanism 6 switches the middle landing wheel 3 from the lowered state to the retracted state, the middle wheel cylinder 62 works to push the middle wheel support 63 outwards, the middle wheel cylinder 62 rotates upwards at the hinge point between the middle wheel cylinder 62 and the hull 10, and meanwhile the middle wheel support 63 moves upwards, and the parallelogram connecting rod deforms upwards to compress until the middle landing wheel 3 reaches the upwards retracted state as shown in fig. 12.

In the embodiment, the middle landing wheel 3 is supported by the parallelogram connecting rod, so that on one hand, the longitudinal strength and rigidity of the middle landing wheel 3 are effectively ensured, and on the other hand, in the process of retraction and setting down, the vertical state of the middle landing wheel 3 is kept effectively by the vertical state of the middle wheel support 63, so that the middle landing wheel 3 can be tightly attached to the outer wall of the ship body 10 in the retracted state, and can be kept vertical to the ground in the setting down state, and the normal, stable and reliable rotation of the middle landing wheel 3 is effectively ensured.

The rear landing wheel 4 is mounted on the stern via a rear wheel retracting mechanism 7, and the rear wheel retracting mechanism 7 retracts the rear landing wheel 4 rearward or lowers the rear landing wheel forward.

As shown in fig. 13, the rear wheel retracting mechanism 7 has a structure in which: comprises an upper stay bar 74 and a lower stay bar 72 which are rotatably arranged at opposite end parts through a rotating shaft 73, wherein the other end of the upper stay bar 74 is rotatably arranged on the ship body 10, and the other end of the lower stay bar 72 is rotatably arranged in the middle of a rear wheel strut 71; a rear wheel cylinder 75 is arranged between the lower part of the upper stay 74 and the hull 10, the top end of the rear wheel post 71 is rotatably arranged with the hull 10, and the bottom end of the rear wheel post 71 is rotatably arranged with a rear landing wheel 4 through a rear wheel shaft.

In this embodiment, the rear wheel cylinder 75 is a hydraulic driving device, and can remotely control the driving device to perform linear motion to drive the upper stay 74, the lower stay 72 and the rear wheel post 71 to rotate or move, so as to finally realize retraction of the rear landing wheel 4.

When the rear landing wheel 4 is required to be put down, the rear wheel oil cylinder 75 stretches out first, the upper end of the upper stay bar 74 is driven by the rear wheel oil cylinder 75 to rotate anticlockwise downwards by taking the upper end as the circle center, and the lower stay bar 72 is driven by the upper stay bar 74 to move downwards by the rotating shaft 73; the downward-moving lower stay 72 pushes the rear wheel post 71 to swing clockwise around the upper end of the rear wheel post 71 as a center of a circle, thereby completing the lowering task of the rear landing wheel 4, as shown in fig. 13.

When the rear landing wheel 4 is required to be retracted, the rear wheel cylinder 75 is retracted first, the upper end of the upper supporting rod 74 is pulled by the rear wheel cylinder 75 to rotate clockwise upwards by taking the upper end as the circle center, and the upper supporting rod 74 drives the lower supporting rod 72 to move upwards by the rotating shaft 73; the upward moving lower stay 72 drives the rear wheel post 71 to rotate counterclockwise and upward around the upper end as the center of a circle, thereby completing the task of stowing the rear landing wheel 4, as shown in fig. 14.

The four-point landing wheel system in the embodiment avoids the arrangement of landing wheels on the sliding surface of the hull 10 of the ground effect wing ship and prevents the danger of forward overturning of a downhill road caused by the arrangement of rear three-point landing wheels, and the specific action principle is as follows:

whether the ground effect wing ship overturns on the ramp is mainly determined by the balance state of the related moment, and when the forward overturning moment generated by the forward engine thrust T around the gravity center is larger than the reverse supporting moment generated by the supporting force Fz of the middle landing wheel 3 around the gravity center, the overturning occurs without the supporting of the front landing wheel 2.

From fig. 15 and 16, the moment arm value of the supporting force Fz of the middle landing wheel 3 from the center of gravity is gradually reduced during the sliding of the local effect wing boat from the flat ground to the ramp, whereas the moment arm value of the supporting force Fz of the middle landing wheel 3 from the center of gravity is gradually increased during the sliding of the local effect wing boat from the water to the ramp, which is caused by the fact that the middle landing wheel 3 is positioned in front of the center of gravity, as shown in fig. 17.

As shown in fig. 15, the arm between the engine thrust T and the centre of gravity remains constant at the same time, and braking must generally be applied to the centring wheel 3 when sliding down a ramp, which also increases the overturning moment. When the overturning moment is larger than the reverse moment generated by the supporting force Fz of the middle landing wheel 3, the ground effect wing ship can be overturned when the ground effect wing ship slides down a ramp, and the front landing wheel 2 arranged on the bow plays a decisive role. Because the front landing wheel 2 is far away from the gravity center, that is, the force arm value of the supporting force Fq of the front landing wheel 2 from the gravity center is large, a relatively large reverse moment can be generated by a relatively small supporting force Fq, so that the relevant moment of the ground effect wing ship when the ground effect wing ship slides down a ramp is in a balanced state.

As shown in fig. 17, when the local effect wing ship slides on the ramp, the moment arm value of the supporting force Fz of the middle landing wheel 3 from the gravity center is gradually increased, so that the original relevant moment can be in a more balanced and stable state when the local effect wing ship slides on the ramp.

The front landing wheel 2 cylinder pressure maintaining system 510 has the function that when the extended front landing wheel 2 is subjected to the upward supporting force Fq and transmitted to the front wheel cylinder 51, the front wheel cylinder 51 is compressed to move upward and retract under the supporting force Fq. With the pressure in the upper chamber of the front wheel cylinder 51 and the corresponding pipe rising sharply, when a certain set pressure value is exceeded, the relief valve 511 is unloaded, and the pressure system is in a stable state, and the extension length of the front wheel cylinder 51 retracted can be kept stable. For the land effect wing ship landing wheel system, the pressure value set by the overflow valve 511 ensures that the length of the front wheel cylinder 51 is exactly in line with the contact and stress of the four landing wheels when the landing wheels slide down the ramp, so that the whole moment is in a stable balance state and no overturning danger occurs.

According to the different stress conditions and use modes of the front landing wheel 2, the middle landing wheel 3 and the rear landing wheel 4, different retraction mechanisms are adopted, and particularly, an oil cylinder pressure maintaining system 510 is arranged for the front wheel oil cylinder 51 corresponding to the front landing wheel 2, so that the extension length of the front wheel is effectively and reliably ensured to meet the use requirement.

The application effectively avoids the landing risk generated by arranging landing wheels on the sliding surface of the ship body through the unique four-point landing wheel system of the ground effect wing ship, simultaneously prevents the possible capsizing danger when the ground effect wing ship slides down on a slope, and greatly ensures the stability, reliability, safety and good practicability of the launching or landing process of the ground effect wing ship.

The above description is intended to illustrate the application and not to limit it, the scope of which is defined by the claims, and any modifications can be made within the scope of the application.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a ground effect wing ship four-point type landing system sliding application method, ground effect wing ship includes hull (10), and hull (10) bottom surface has set gradually preceding sliding surface (11), preceding broken-step (12), back sliding surface (13), back broken-step from front to back, its characterized in that: the middle part of a ship bow of a ship body (10) positioned in front of a front sliding surface (11) is provided with a front landing wheel (2) downwards, two sides of the ship midship of the ship body (10) positioned above the front sliding surface (11) are provided with symmetrical middle landing wheels (3) downwards, and the middle part of the ship stern of the ship body (10) positioned behind a rear broken step is provided with a rear landing wheel (4) downwards to form a four-point landing wheel system;

the method comprises a flat ground sliding method, a sliding launching method and a sliding landing method, wherein the sliding landing method is opposite to the sliding launching method;

the ground effect wing ship is launched from the flat ground through a slope, and the method for sliding launching comprises the following steps:

when the ground effect wing ship is on the flat ground, the middle landing wheels (3) on the two sides and the rear landing wheels (4) on the rear are grounded, and the ground effect wing ship slides towards the direction of the slope;

when the landing wheels (3) on the two sides are close to and slide into the slope, the rear landing wheel (4) is still positioned on the flat ground, the front landing wheel (2) is put down, at the moment, a distance exists between the bottom surface of the front landing wheel (2) and the slope, and the front landing wheel (2) is suspended;

the middle landing wheel (3) slides downwards along the slope, the rear landing wheel (4) is still positioned on the flat ground, the ground effect wing ship leans forwards along with the continuous sliding, so that the front landing wheel (2) is contacted with the slope, a front wheel oil cylinder (51) of the front landing wheel (2) is compressed, and the front wheel oil cylinder (51) is stabilized at a set pressure value by an oil cylinder pressure maintaining system (510);

with the continuous forward sliding of the ground effect wing ship, the front wheel oil cylinder (51) is continuously compressed, the pressure is continuously unloaded and is constant at a set pressure value until the front landing wheel (2), the middle landing wheel (3) and the rear landing wheel (4) enter a slope to slide, and the front landing wheel (2), the middle landing wheel (3) and the rear landing wheel (4) are subjected to stable supporting force until the ground effect wing ship slides into water.

2. A method of using a four-point landing system for a WIG craft as claimed in claim 1 wherein: in the process of sliding and launching, when a distance exists between the front landing wheel (2) and a slope, the weight of the ship body (10) is supported by the landing wheels (3) in the two sides and the rear landing wheel (4) in the rear; after the ship body (10) is inclined forwards and the front landing wheel (2) is contacted with the slope, the weight of the ship body (10) is supported by the middle landing wheels (3) and the front landing wheels (2) on two sides.

3. A method of using a four-point landing system for a WIG craft as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the front landing wheel (2) and the rear landing wheel (4) are positioned on the same longitudinal direction of the ship body (10).

4. A method of using a four-point landing system for a WIG craft as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the front landing wheel (2) is arranged on the bow through a front wheel retracting mechanism (5), the front wheel retracting mechanism (5) is used for retracting the front landing wheel (2) upwards or downwards, and the front landing wheel (2) is positioned outside the ship body (10).

5. A method of using a four-point landing system for a WIG craft as claimed in claim 4 wherein: the front wheel retracting mechanism (5) has the structure that: the front wheel fork (55) with a downward U-shaped structure is arranged at the output end of the front wheel cylinder (51) through a flange assembly (53), and a front landing wheel (2) is rotatably arranged at the lower part of the front wheel fork (55) through a front wheel shaft (56); the front wheel cylinder (51) is connected with a cylinder pressure maintaining system (510), a pressure value is set for the front wheel cylinder (51) by the cylinder pressure maintaining system (510), and the extending state of the output end of the front wheel cylinder (51) is passively changed due to the stress state of the front landing wheel (2).

6. A method of using a four-point landing system for a WIG craft as claimed in claim 1 or claim 5 in a sliding mode, wherein: when the front landing wheel (2) is in a fully extended state, the front wheel oil cylinder (51) is in an unstressed state, and when the front landing wheel (2) is in a stressed state, the front wheel oil cylinder (51) is compressed passively, and the front wheel oil cylinder (51) is regulated by an oil cylinder pressure maintaining system (510) to be stable at a set pressure value.

7. A method of using a four-point landing system for a WIG craft as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the middle landing wheel (3) is arranged on the midship through a middle wheel retracting mechanism (6), the middle wheel retracting mechanism (6) is used for retracting or putting down the middle landing wheel (3) sideways, and the middle landing wheel (3) is positioned in front of the front broken steps (12) and the gravity center of the ship body (10).

8. A method of using a four-point landing system for a WIG craft as claimed in claim 7 wherein: the middle wheel retracting mechanism (6) has the structure that: the device comprises an upper rod (61) and a lower rod (64) which are rotatably arranged on a ship body (10) at one end, wherein the upper rod (61) and the lower rod (64) are parallel and equal in length, the other end of the upper rod (61) and the other end of the lower rod (64) are rotatably arranged on a middle wheel support (63) respectively, a middle wheel oil cylinder (62) is arranged between the top surface of the middle wheel support (63) and the ship body (10), and a middle landing wheel (3) is rotatably arranged outside the bottom end of the middle wheel support (63) through a middle wheel shaft (65).

9. A method of using a four-point landing system for a WIG craft as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the rear landing wheel (4) is arranged at the stern through a rear wheel retracting mechanism (7), and the rear wheel retracting mechanism (7) is used for retracting the rear landing wheel (4) backwards or forwards.

10. A method of using a four-point landing system for a WIG craft as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the rear wheel retracting mechanism (7) has the structure that: comprises an upper stay bar (74) and a lower stay bar (72) which are rotatably arranged at opposite end parts through a rotating shaft (73), wherein the other end of the upper stay bar (74) is rotatably arranged on a ship body (10), and the other end of the lower stay bar (72) is rotatably arranged in the middle of a rear wheel strut (71); a rear wheel cylinder (75) is arranged between the lower part of the upper stay bar (74) and the ship body (10), the top end of the rear wheel support column (71) is rotatably arranged with the ship body (10), and the bottom end of the rear wheel support column (71) is rotatably provided with a rear landing wheel (4) through a rear wheel shaft.