CN116646572A

CN116646572A - Fuel cell discharging system and control method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN116646572A
Application number: CN202310764574.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宫熔; 陈亚雯; 何特立; 严飞
Original assignee: Dongfeng Motor Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Dongfeng Motor Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-06-26
Filing date: 2023-06-26
Publication date: 2023-08-25

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell discharge system and a control method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: in the operation process of the fuel cell system, acquiring the actual fuel gas concentration in the discharge pipeline, and acquiring the actual output current and the actual impedance value of the fuel cell stack; determining a second discharge period of the exhaust valve and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, and circularly controlling the opening of the exhaust valve according to the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period; and determining a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current, and cyclically controlling the drain valve to be opened according to the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period. The technical scheme provided by the application can accurately control the concentration and the water content of the fuel gas in the fuel cell stack.

Description

Fuel cell discharging system and control method thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell discharge system and a control method thereof.

Background

The Chinese is taken as a large automobile country, has huge automobile markets, brings economic benefits, and simultaneously accompanies huge energy consumption and environmental pollution. With the increasing competition in the automotive field, various enterprises and universities begin to conduct research on hydrogen fuel cell automobiles. The fuel cell system has the key components that the electric pile needs quantitative fuel gas and oxygen under different powers, and can exert the highest efficiency in a specific temperature range, and meanwhile, water can be generated in the electric pile reaction process. The low concentration of fuel gas or the water content in the electric pile exceeds a threshold value, which can cause the hydrogen starvation or flooding of the electric pile, reduce the working efficiency of the electric pile and even cause permanent damage to the electric pile. Thus, accurate control of the concentration and water content of the fuel gas in the stack is critical to the operating efficiency and life of the fuel cell system. Based on the above, the application provides a fuel cell discharging system and a control method thereof, which are used for effectively monitoring the gas concentration and the water content of a fuel cell stack, and realizing the accurate control of the gas concentration and the water content in the fuel cell stack by adjusting the discharging period of an exhaust valve and a water discharging valve of the fuel cell system, thereby reducing the occurrence of faults of the fuel cell stack.

Disclosure of Invention

The application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell discharge system and a control method thereof. In order to realize accurate control of the gas concentration and the water content in the fuel cell stack, the application dynamically adjusts the discharge period of the exhaust valve and the drain valve of the fuel cell system according to the gas concentration and the water content of the fuel cell stack, and circularly controls the exhaust valve and the drain valve of the fuel cell system according to the set discharge period.

Other features and advantages of the application will be apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned by the practice of the application.

According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided a control method of a fuel cell exhaust system, the method including: in the starting process of the fuel cell system, acquiring the actual gas concentration in the discharge pipeline, and calculating a gas concentration deviation value based on the actual gas concentration and a predetermined target gas concentration; determining a first discharge period of an exhaust valve, a first opening pulse width in the first discharge period and a target opening frequency based on the gas concentration deviation value, and circularly controlling the exhaust valve to be opened according to the first discharge period, the first opening pulse width in the first discharge period and the target opening frequency; and determining the starting state of the fuel cell system according to the actual opening times of the exhaust valve and the actual gas concentration.

In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing aspect, the determining the start-up state of the fuel cell system according to the actual number of times of opening the exhaust valve and the actual gas concentration includes: if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the target opening times and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, judging that the fuel cell system is successfully started; if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the target opening times and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, updating the target opening times, and circularly controlling the opening of the exhaust valve according to the first opening pulse width of the first exhaust period and the updated target opening times; if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the updated target opening times and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, judging that the fuel cell system is successfully started; and if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the updated target opening times and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, judging that the fuel cell system fails to start.

According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a control method of a fuel cell exhaust system, the method including: in the operation process of the fuel cell system, acquiring the actual fuel gas concentration in the discharge pipeline, and acquiring the actual output current and the actual impedance value of the fuel cell stack; determining a second discharge period of the exhaust valve and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period based on the actual fuel gas concentration and the actual output current, and circularly controlling the exhaust valve to be opened according to the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period; and determining a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current, and circularly controlling the drain valve to be opened according to the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period.

In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the method further includes: returning to perform a step of determining a second discharge period and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period of the exhaust valve based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, and cyclically controlling the opening of the exhaust valve in accordance with the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period, if the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to a predetermined target gas concentration and the duration exceeds a first time threshold; if the actual gas concentration is smaller than the predetermined target gas concentration and the duration exceeds a first time threshold, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state; if the duration of the continuously opened state of the exhaust valve reaches a second time threshold and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, returning to perform the steps of determining a second discharge period and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period of the exhaust valve based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, and cyclically controlling the opening of the exhaust valve according to the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period; and if the duration of the continuously opened state of the exhaust valve reaches a second time threshold and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, triggering an alarm prompt of too low gas concentration.

In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the method further includes: acquiring actual gas pressure in a fuel supply pipeline; if the actual gas pressure exceeds a first pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state; if the actual gas pressure is smaller than a second pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously closed state, wherein the first pressure threshold value is larger than or equal to the second pressure threshold value; if the fuel cell system receives an emergency stop instruction, controlling the fuel cell system to stop in an emergency mode, and controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state; and if the actual gas pressure is smaller than a third pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously closed state.

In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the method further includes: in any second discharge period, before the exhaust valve is controlled to be opened, the opening degree of the proportional valve is increased so as to compensate the actual gas pressure; and in any second discharge period, reducing the opening degree of the proportional valve before controlling the exhaust valve to close so as to release the actual gas pressure.

In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the method further includes: in any one third discharge period, determining a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the gas pressure in the fuel supply line in the third discharge period as a gas pressure fluctuation value; if the gas pressure fluctuation value is larger than the pressure fluctuation threshold value, reducing a third opening pulse width of the drain valve in the third discharge period, and circularly controlling the drain valve to be opened according to the third discharge period and the reduced third opening pulse width; and if the gas pressure fluctuation value is smaller than or equal to the pressure fluctuation threshold value and the duration reaches a third time threshold value, returning to execute the steps of determining a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current, and circularly controlling the opening of the drain valve according to the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period.

In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the method further includes: if the actual impedance value is smaller than a predetermined target impedance value and the duration exceeds a fourth time threshold, controlling the drain valve to keep a continuously opened state; returning to perform a step of determining a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current and cyclically controlling the opening of the drain valve in accordance with the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period if the duration of the drain valve kept in the continuously opened state reaches a fifth time threshold and the actual impedance value is greater than or equal to the target impedance value; and if the duration of the continuously opened state of the drain valve reaches a fifth time threshold and the actual impedance value is smaller than the target impedance value, determining a fault level of the fuel cell stack based on the actual impedance value, and controlling the fuel cell system to execute a control instruction corresponding to the fault level.

In one embodiment of the present application, based on the foregoing scheme, the method further includes: triggering a purge action to be performed on the fuel cell stack in response to shutdown of the fuel cell exhaust system, the purge action including a cathode purge action for the fuel cell stack and an anode purge action for the fuel cell stack; acquiring an actual impedance value of a fuel cell stack in the process of executing a cathode-anode purging action for the fuel cell stack, and executing the executed time and the total execution time of the cathode-anode purging action for the fuel cell stack; acquiring a fourth discharge period and a fourth start pulse width in the fourth discharge period of the drain valve, and circularly controlling the drain valve to be started according to the fourth discharge period and the fourth start pulse width in the fourth discharge period; if the execution progress of executing the cathode and anode purging action for the fuel cell stack is greater than a set threshold value and the actual impedance value is smaller than or equal to the target impedance value, controlling the drain valve to keep a continuously opened state, wherein the execution progress is the ratio of the executed time to the total execution time; and if the executed time reaches the total execution time, controlling the drain valve to keep a continuously closed state.

According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a fuel cell exhaust system, the system comprising: a fuel cell stack; a fuel supply line for supplying fuel gas to the fuel cell stack; the fuel gas pressure sensor is arranged on the fuel supply pipeline and used for collecting the fuel gas pressure in the fuel supply pipeline; a discharge pipe for discharging the gas and water discharged from the fuel cell stack; the gas concentration sensor is arranged on the discharge pipeline and used for collecting the gas concentration in the discharge pipeline; the gas-liquid separator is arranged in the discharge pipeline and is used for separating gas and water discharged by the fuel cell stack, and the gas-liquid separator also comprises an exhaust valve and a drain valve, wherein the exhaust valve is used for controlling the gas discharge amount in the discharge pipeline, and the drain valve is used for controlling the water discharge amount in the discharge pipeline; and a controller for controlling opening and closing of the exhaust valve and the drain valve.

In the technical scheme provided by the application, in the operation process of the fuel cell system, the actual gas concentration in a discharge pipeline is obtained, the actual output current and the actual impedance value of the fuel cell stack are obtained, the second discharge period of the exhaust valve and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period are determined based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, the exhaust valve is controlled to be opened in a circulating manner according to the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period, the third discharge period of the exhaust valve and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period are determined based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current, and the exhaust valve is controlled to be opened in a circulating manner according to the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period. According to the technical scheme provided by the application, the discharge period of the exhaust valve and the drain valve of the fuel cell system can be dynamically adjusted according to the gas concentration and the water content of the fuel cell stack, and the exhaust valve and the drain valve of the fuel cell system are circularly controlled according to the set discharge period, so that the gas concentration and the water content in the fuel cell stack are accurately controlled, and the occurrence of faults of the fuel cell stack is reduced.

In one or more technical schemes provided in the embodiments of the present application, at least the following technical effects or advantages are provided:

the fuel gas concentration sensor is used for monitoring the fuel gas concentration in the fuel supply pipeline, the exhaust period of the exhaust valve and the opening pulse width in the exhaust period are controlled in a closed loop mode, the fuel gas concentration in the fuel cell stack reaches a target value when the fuel cell system is started, and the starting success rate of the fuel cell system is improved.

The method for controlling the open loop of the current of the fuel cell pile and the closed loop of the gas concentration at the exhaust valve is used for controlling the exhaust period of the exhaust valve and the opening pulse width in the exhaust period, so that when a fuel cell system normally operates, the gas concentration in the fuel cell pile reaches a target value, the fuel cell pile operates with high efficiency, the damage of impurity gas to the pile is avoided, meanwhile, the proportional valve is controlled to compensate the gas pressure in advance, and the gas pressure drop caused by the opening of the exhaust valve is avoided, the gas supply is insufficient and the power generation efficiency is reduced.

When the emergency stop or the pressure exceeding limit of the fuel cell system is carried out, the exhaust valve is opened to carry out pressure relief, so that the damage to the fuel cell stack caused by the overlarge gas pressure is avoided, and the service life of the stack is prolonged.

In the normal operation and shutdown purging process of the fuel cell system, the actual impedance value of the fuel cell stack can be acquired in real time through the impedance monitor, and the discharge period of the drain valve and the opening pulse width in the discharge period are obtained through the control strategy of open loop calculation of the current of the fuel cell stack and closed loop feedback of the actual impedance value, so that the water content in the fuel cell stack is controlled in a proper range, and the phenomenon of flooding is avoided.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application as claimed.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell exhaust system in an embodiment of the application;

fig. 2 is a control logic diagram showing a control method of the fuel cell exhaust system in the embodiment of the application;

Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a control method of the fuel cell exhaust system in the embodiment of the application;

the reference numerals are explained as follows:

100-fuel cell exhaust system, 101-fuel cell stack,

102-fuel supply line, 103-fuel pressure sensor,

104-a discharge pipeline, 105-a fuel gas concentration sensor,

106-a gas-liquid separator, 107-an exhaust valve,

108-drain valve, 109-controller.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments may be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art.

Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the application. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the application may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. In other instances, well-known methods, devices, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the application.

The flow diagrams depicted in the figures are exemplary only, and do not necessarily include all of the elements and operations/steps, nor must they be performed in the order described. For example, some operations/steps may be decomposed, and some operations/steps may be combined or partially combined, so that the order of actual execution may be changed according to actual situations.

The block diagrams depicted in the figures are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically separate entities. That is, the functional entities may be implemented in software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices.

It should be noted that: references herein to "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes an association relationship of an association object, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present application and in the above-described figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the objects so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the application described herein may be implemented in other sequences than those illustrated or otherwise described.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell exhaust system in an embodiment of the application.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present application, a fuel cell exhaust system 100 includes: a fuel cell stack 101; a fuel supply line 102 for supplying fuel gas to the fuel cell stack 101; a fuel gas pressure sensor 103, the fuel gas pressure sensor 103 being disposed on the fuel supply line 102 for collecting the fuel gas pressure in the fuel supply line 102; a discharge pipe 104 for discharging the gas and water discharged from the fuel cell stack 101; a gas concentration sensor 105, wherein the gas concentration sensor 105 is arranged on the discharge pipeline 104 and is used for collecting the gas concentration in the discharge pipeline 104; a gas-liquid separator 106, the gas-liquid separator 106 being disposed in the discharge line 104 for separating gas and water discharged from the fuel cell stack 101, the gas-liquid separator 106 further comprising an exhaust valve 107 and a drain valve 108, the exhaust valve 107 being for controlling a gas discharge amount in the discharge line 104, the drain valve 108 being for controlling a water discharge amount in the discharge line 104; a controller 109 for controlling opening and closing of the exhaust valve 107 and the drain valve 108.

In the present application, the fuel gas may be supplied to the fuel cell stack 101 through the fuel supply line 102, and the fuel gas pressure in the fuel supply line 102 may be collected by the fuel gas pressure sensor 103 provided in the fuel supply line 102, or the fuel gas pressure at the input port of the fuel cell stack 101 may be collected.

In the present application, the gas concentration sensor 105 may be disposed on the exhaust pipe 104 near the exhaust port of the exhaust valve 107, or may be disposed on the exhaust pipe 104 near the exhaust port of the fuel cell stack 101, and may determine the gas concentration in the fuel cell stack 101 according to the gas concentration in the exhaust pipe 104 collected by the gas concentration sensor 105, where the gas concentration in the exhaust pipe 104 and the gas concentration in the fuel cell stack 101 are positively correlated, and the higher the gas concentration in the exhaust pipe 104, the higher the gas concentration in the fuel cell stack 101.

In the application, the gas concentration sensor 105 can monitor the gas concentration at the tail end of the exhaust pipeline 104 in real time, so that potential safety hazards caused by too high gas concentration in the exhausted gas can be avoided.

In the present application, nitrogen and water vapor in the cathode air of the fuel cell stack 101 are likely to diffuse to the anode of the fuel cell stack 101 due to the difference in the concentration of the gas components of the cathode and anode of the fuel cell stack 101, and water is generated during the reaction of the fuel cell stack 101, and it is necessary to discharge the generated water in the fuel cell stack 101, as well as the mixed gas of fuel gas, water vapor, and nitrogen.

In the present application, the gas and water discharged from the fuel cell stack 101 are separated by the gas-liquid separator 106, and the gas discharge amount in the discharge line 104 is controlled by the discharge valve 107 of the gas-liquid separator 106, and the water discharge amount in the discharge line 104 is controlled by the discharge valve 108 of the gas-liquid separator 106.

In the present application, the exhaust valve 107 and the drain valve 108 may be integrated on the gas-liquid separator 106, the exhaust valve 107 may be disposed at an upper half of the gas-liquid separator 106, and the drain valve 108 may be disposed at a lower half of the gas-liquid separator 106.

In the present application, the controller 109 may be provided in the fuel cell stack 101, in the exhaust line 104, or in the gas-liquid separator 106.

In the present application, the controller 109 may control the opening and closing of the exhaust valve 107 and the drain valve 108 according to a set drain period.

The implementation details of the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application are described in detail below:

fig. 2 shows a control logic diagram of a control method of the fuel cell exhaust system in the embodiment of the application.

As shown in fig. 2, during start-up of the fuel cell system, the actual gas concentration in the discharge line is acquired, and a gas concentration deviation value is calculated based on the actual gas concentration and a predetermined target gas concentration.

In the application, the gas concentration in the discharge pipeline and the gas concentration in the fuel cell stack are positively correlated, and the actual gas concentration in the discharge pipeline is obtained through the gas concentration sensor, so that the actual gas concentration of the fuel cell stack can be determined based on the actual gas concentration in the discharge pipeline.

In the application, the actual environment temperature of the environment where the fuel cell stack in the fuel cell system is located is acquired, a correlation table between the pre-constructed environment temperature and the target gas concentration of the fuel cell stack is acquired, and the target gas concentration of the fuel cell stack can be determined according to the actual environment temperature and the correlation table.

In the present application, the target gas concentration in the exhaust line may be determined based on the actual gas concentration of the fuel cell stack and the target gas concentration of the fuel cell stack, and the actual gas concentration in the exhaust line, and then the magnitude relationship between the actual gas concentration of the fuel cell stack and the target gas concentration of the fuel cell stack may be reflected by the magnitude relationship between the actual gas concentration in the exhaust line and the target gas concentration in the exhaust line.

With continued reference to fig. 2, a first discharge period of the exhaust valve, a first opening pulse width in the first discharge period, and a target number of openings are determined based on the gas concentration deviation value, and the exhaust valve is cyclically controlled to be opened in accordance with the first discharge period, the first opening pulse width in the first discharge period, and the target number of openings.

In the application, the exhaust gas amount which can be exhausted in the unit time of the exhaust valve can be determined according to the valve body parameter of the exhaust valve, and the change value of the fuel gas concentration in the unit time of the fuel cell stack can be determined based on the exhaust gas amount which can be exhausted in the unit time of the exhaust valve.

In the present application, the target number of times of opening of the exhaust valve, and the first discharge period of the exhaust valve, in which the first opening pulse width is within, may be determined based on the gas concentration deviation value and the variation value of the gas concentration per unit time of the fuel cell stack.

In the present application, the exhaust valve opening may be cyclically controlled by a controller according to the first discharge period, a first opening pulse width in the first discharge period, and the target number of opening times.

In the application, the first opening pulse width is used for representing the time that the exhaust valve is in an opening state in one discharge period, the first opening pulse width is positively correlated with the opening duration of the exhaust valve in one discharge period, and the higher the first opening pulse width is, the longer the time that the exhaust valve is in an opening state in the first discharge period is.

In the present application, the gas concentration deviation value calculated based on the actual gas concentration in the discharge pipe and the target gas concentration in the discharge pipe may reflect the gas concentration deviation value of the actual gas concentration of the fuel cell stack and the target gas concentration of the fuel cell stack, and then the first discharge period of the purge valve, the first opening pulse width in the first discharge period, and the target number of opening times may be determined by the gas concentration deviation value calculated based on the actual gas concentration in the discharge pipe and the target gas concentration in the discharge pipe.

With continued reference to fig. 2, if the actual number of times of opening the exhaust valve reaches a target number of times of opening and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, it is determined that the start-up of the fuel cell system is successful.

In the application, if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the target opening times and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, it can be stated that the actual gas concentration meets the starting requirement of the fuel cell system, the starting can be successfully performed according to the starting requirement.

In the application, if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the target opening times and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, the duration time that the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration can be obtained, the success of starting the fuel cell system is determined by judging whether the duration time exceeds a set duration time threshold value, and if the duration time exceeds the set duration time threshold value, the success of starting the fuel cell system is judged.

In the present application, if the actual number of times of opening the exhaust valve is smaller than the target number of times of opening, the exhaust valve may be continuously controlled in a cyclic manner until the actual number of times of opening the exhaust valve is greater than or equal to the target number of times of opening, and then it is determined whether the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration.

In the application, if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve is smaller than the target opening times, whether the actual gas concentration is larger than or equal to the target gas concentration or not can be judged, and if the actual gas concentration is larger than or equal to the target gas concentration, the start-up of the fuel cell system is judged to be successful.

With continued reference to fig. 2, if the actual number of times of opening the exhaust valve reaches a target number of times of opening and the actual gas concentration is less than the target gas concentration, the target number of times of opening is updated, and the exhaust valve is cyclically controlled to be opened according to the first discharge cycle, a first opening pulse width in the first discharge cycle, and the updated target number of times of opening.

In the application, if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the target opening times and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, judging whether the target opening times are increased by set times, if not, calculating the sum of the target opening times and the set times as updated target opening times, and circularly controlling the opening of the exhaust valve according to the first opening pulse width in the first discharge period and the updated target opening times according to the first discharge period.

With continued reference to fig. 2, if the actual number of times of opening of the exhaust valve reaches the updated target number of times of opening, and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, then it is determined that the start-up of the fuel cell system is successful.

With continued reference to fig. 2, if the actual number of times of opening of the exhaust valve reaches the updated target number of times of opening, and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, it is determined that the fuel cell system fails to start.

In the application, if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the updated target opening times and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, judging whether the target opening times are increased by set times, if so, judging that the fuel cell system fails to start up, the fuel cell system reports a failure fault of quick start-up exhaust, the actual gas concentration of the fuel cell stack cannot meet the starting requirement of the fuel cell system, and the fuel cell system enters a shutdown flow after the failure is reported.

Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a control method of the fuel cell exhaust system in the embodiment of the application.

As shown in fig. 3, the control method of the fuel cell exhaust system at least includes steps 310 to 350.

The steps 310 to 350 shown in fig. 3 will be described in detail as follows:

in step 310, during operation of the fuel cell system, the actual fuel gas concentration in the exhaust line is obtained, and the actual output current and the actual impedance value of the fuel cell stack are obtained.

In the present application, the actual gas concentration in the discharge line can be obtained by the gas concentration sensor during the operation of the fuel cell system.

In the application, the actual impedance value of the fuel cell stack can be acquired in real time through the impedance monitor in the fuel cell stack, the actual impedance value is used for representing the water content of the fuel cell stack, the actual impedance value is inversely related to the water content of the fuel cell stack, namely, the larger the actual impedance value is, the lower the water content of the fuel cell stack is, and the smaller the actual impedance value is, the higher the water content of the fuel cell stack is.

With continued reference to fig. 3, in step 330, a second discharge period of the exhaust valve and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period are determined based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, and the exhaust valve opening is cyclically controlled in accordance with the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period.

In the present application, the greater the actual output current of the fuel cell stack, the more impurity gas in the fuel cell stack, resulting in a higher frequency of opening the purge valve.

In the present application, the concentration of the fuel gas in the fuel cell stack may be determined according to the concentration of the fuel gas in the exhaust pipe, the concentration of the fuel gas in the exhaust pipe and the concentration of the fuel gas in the fuel cell stack are positively correlated, and the higher the concentration of the fuel gas in the exhaust pipe, the higher the concentration of the fuel gas in the fuel cell stack.

In the present application, based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, a second discharge period of the exhaust valve and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period may be determined.

In the present application, the exhaust valve opening may be cyclically controlled by a controller according to the second discharge period and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period.

In the application, the second discharge period of the exhaust valve and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual gas concentration.

With continued reference to fig. 3, in step 350, a third discharge period of the drain valve and a third on pulse width in the third discharge period are determined based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current, and the drain valve is cyclically controlled to be opened in accordance with the third discharge period and the third on pulse width in the third discharge period.

In the present application, the raw water amount per unit time of the fuel cell stack can be calculated from the actual output current, and the water amount that can be discharged per unit time of the drain valve can be calculated from the valve body parameter of the drain valve.

In the present application, a third discharge period of the drain valve and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period may be determined based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current.

In the present application, the drain valve is cyclically controlled to be opened by a controller according to the third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period.

In the present application, the third discharge period of the drain valve and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period may be dynamically adjusted according to the actual impedance value.

In some embodiments of the application, the method further comprises: returning to perform a step of determining a second discharge period and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period of the exhaust valve based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, and cyclically controlling the opening of the exhaust valve in accordance with the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period, if the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to a predetermined target gas concentration and the duration exceeds a first time threshold; if the actual gas concentration is smaller than the predetermined target gas concentration and the duration exceeds a first time threshold, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state; if the duration of the continuously opened state of the exhaust valve reaches a second time threshold and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, returning to perform the steps of determining a second discharge period and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period of the exhaust valve based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, and cyclically controlling the opening of the exhaust valve according to the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period; and if the duration of the continuously opened state of the exhaust valve reaches a second time threshold and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, triggering an alarm prompt of too low gas concentration.

In the present application, if the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to a predetermined target gas concentration and the duration exceeds a first time threshold, it may be indicated that the actual gas concentration of the fuel cell stack meets the operation requirement of the fuel cell stack, a second discharge period of an exhaust valve and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period may be continuously determined based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, and the exhaust valve may be cyclically controlled to be opened according to the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period.

In the present application, the first time threshold may be the time accumulated by 3 second emission periods, or may be the time accumulated by 4 second emission periods, or may be set according to actual needs.

In the application, if the actual fuel gas concentration is smaller than a predetermined target fuel gas concentration and the duration exceeds a first time threshold, the exhaust valve is controlled to be kept in a continuously opened state, if the duration of the continuously opened state of the exhaust valve reaches a second time threshold and the actual fuel gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target fuel gas concentration, the actual fuel gas concentration of the fuel cell stack can be indicated to be restored to be in line with the target fuel gas concentration corresponding to the operation requirement of the fuel cell stack, a second discharge period of the exhaust valve and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period can be determined continuously based on the actual fuel gas concentration and the actual output current, and the exhaust valve is controlled to be opened circularly according to the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period.

In the application, if the duration of the continuously opened state of the exhaust valve reaches a second time threshold and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, an alarm prompt of too low gas concentration of the fuel cell stack is triggered, and the fuel cell system reports a fault of too low gas concentration and limits the output power of the fuel cell system.

In the present application, the second time threshold may be 5 seconds, or may be 7 seconds, or may be set according to actual needs.

In some embodiments of the application, the method further comprises: acquiring actual gas pressure in a fuel supply pipeline; if the actual gas pressure exceeds a first pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state; if the actual gas pressure is smaller than a second pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously closed state, wherein the first pressure threshold value is larger than or equal to the second pressure threshold value; if the fuel cell system receives an emergency stop instruction, controlling the fuel cell system to stop in an emergency mode, and controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state; and if the actual gas pressure is smaller than a third pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously closed state.

In the application, the actual gas pressure in the fuel supply pipeline is obtained, the actual gas pressure can be the stack inlet pressure of the fuel cell stack input port, if the actual gas pressure exceeds a first pressure threshold, the exhaust valve is required to be opened for pressure relief, the damage to the fuel cell stack caused by the excessive stack inlet pressure is avoided, and the exhaust valve is controlled to keep a continuously opened state.

In the application, after the exhaust valve is opened to release pressure, if the actual gas pressure is smaller than a second pressure threshold value, the stack inlet pressure of the fuel cell stack input port is reduced to a set requirement, the exhaust valve is controlled to be closed, and the fuel pressure can be adjusted according to a set exhaust period by the exhaust valve.

In the present application, when the fuel cell system or the device connected to the fuel cell system fails seriously, the fuel cell system may receive an emergency stop instruction.

In the application, if the fuel cell system receives an emergency stop instruction, the fuel cell system is controlled to stop in an emergency, in order to prevent the fuel cell system from causing damage to the fuel cell stack due to excessive fuel gas pressure on the anode side of the fuel cell stack after the emergency stop, the exhaust valve is controlled to keep a continuously opened state so as to release the actual fuel gas pressure.

In the application, if the actual gas pressure is smaller than the third pressure threshold value, which indicates that the actual gas pressure is reduced to the set requirement and does not damage the fuel cell stack, the exhaust valve is controlled to keep a continuously closed state.

In the present application, the third pressure threshold may be 100kPa, or may be 90kPa, or may be set according to actual needs.

In some embodiments of the application, the method further comprises: in any second discharge period, before the exhaust valve is controlled to be opened, the opening degree of the proportional valve is increased so as to compensate the actual gas pressure; and in any second discharge period, reducing the opening degree of the proportional valve before controlling the exhaust valve to close so as to release the actual gas pressure.

In the application, when the exhaust valve is periodically opened for pressure relief of the fuel cell system, the pressure of the fuel supply pipeline is reduced, the pressure of the fuel supply pipeline is fluctuated, the reaction efficiency of the fuel cell stack is affected, and faults such as low single-chip voltage of the fuel cell stack can be caused.

In the application, in order to avoid the fluctuation of the actual gas pressure when the exhaust valve is opened, and the failure of the fuel cell system, the opening of the proportional valve is increased before the exhaust valve is opened, so as to compensate the actual gas pressure, ensure the pressure stability of the fuel supply pipeline and ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell system.

In the application, in any second discharge period, the target compensation opening degree of the proportional valve can be determined according to the actual gas pressure at the set time before the exhaust valve is opened, and the actual gas pressure can be compensated in advance by increasing the opening degree of the proportional valve based on the target compensation opening degree.

In the application, in any second discharge period, the opening of the proportional valve can be reduced based on the target compensation opening when the set time before the exhaust valve is closed, the actual gas pressure is released, and the actual gas pressure is prevented from fluctuating upwards after the exhaust valve is closed, so that the pressure difference between the cathode and the anode of the fuel cell stack is overlarge, and the fuel cell stack is damaged.

In the application, the set time can be 200ms or 250ms, and can be set according to actual needs.

In some embodiments of the application, the method further comprises: in any one third discharge period, determining a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the gas pressure in the fuel supply line in the third discharge period as a gas pressure fluctuation value; if the gas pressure fluctuation value is larger than the pressure fluctuation threshold value, reducing a third opening pulse width of the drain valve in the third discharge period, and circularly controlling the drain valve to be opened according to the third discharge period and the reduced third opening pulse width; and if the gas pressure fluctuation value is smaller than or equal to the pressure fluctuation threshold value and the duration reaches a third time threshold value, returning to execute the steps of determining a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current, and circularly controlling the opening of the drain valve according to the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period.

In the application, in any third discharge period, if the gas pressure fluctuation value is greater than the pressure fluctuation threshold, the water content of the fuel cell stack is too low and the proton exchange membrane is too dry possibly because the drain valve is opened too frequently, the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period can be reduced by 30%, and the drain valve is controlled to be opened in a circulating manner according to the third discharge period and the reduced third opening pulse width, so that the drain amount is reduced by reducing the opening duration of the drain valve.

In the present application, if the gas pressure fluctuation value is less than or equal to the pressure fluctuation threshold value and the duration reaches a third time threshold value, it is indicated that the water content of the fuel cell stack is restored to be below a set water content threshold value, and it is possible to continue to determine a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current, and to cyclically control the opening of the drain valve in accordance with the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period.

In the present application, the third time threshold may be a time accumulated by 3 second discharge periods, or may be a time accumulated by 4 second discharge periods, or may be set according to actual needs.

In some embodiments of the application, the method further comprises: if the actual impedance value is smaller than a predetermined target impedance value and the duration exceeds a fourth time threshold, controlling the drain valve to keep a continuously opened state; returning to perform a step of determining a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current and cyclically controlling the opening of the drain valve in accordance with the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period if the duration of the drain valve kept in the continuously opened state reaches a fifth time threshold and the actual impedance value is greater than or equal to the target impedance value; and if the duration of the continuously opened state of the drain valve reaches a fifth time threshold and the actual impedance value is smaller than the target impedance value, determining a fault level of the fuel cell stack based on the actual impedance value, and controlling the fuel cell system to execute a control instruction corresponding to the fault level.

In the present application, the target impedance value of the fuel cell stack may be obtained according to an operation manual predetermined for the fuel cell stack.

In the present application, if the actual impedance value is smaller than a predetermined target impedance value and the duration exceeds a fourth time threshold, which may be that the water content in the fuel cell stack is excessive, the drain valve may be controlled to remain in a continuously opened state to increase the water discharge amount of the drain valve.

In the present application, if the duration of the drain valve remaining in the continuously-open state reaches a fifth time threshold and the actual resistance value is greater than or equal to the target resistance value, it may be considered that the water content of the fuel cell stack is restored below a set water content threshold, it may continue to determine a third drain period and a third open pulse width in the third drain period of the drain valve based on the actual resistance value and the actual output current, and cyclically control the drain valve to open according to the third drain period and the third open pulse width in the third drain period.

In the present application, if the duration of the continuous open state of the drain valve reaches a fifth time threshold, and the actual impedance value is smaller than the target impedance value, which may be that the water content of the fuel cell stack is too high, and the continuous open state of the drain valve also fails to reduce the water content of the fuel cell stack, determining a failure level of the fuel cell stack based on the actual impedance value, and controlling the fuel cell system to execute a control instruction corresponding to the failure level.

In the application, the fault level can be divided into three levels, namely a first-level fault, a second-level fault and a third-level fault, the control instruction corresponding to the first-level fault can be used for controlling the fuel cell system to report out a fuel cell stack flooding fault, the control instruction corresponding to the second-level fault can be used for controlling the fuel cell system to normally shut down, and the control instruction corresponding to the third-level fault can be used for controlling the fuel cell system to stop emergently.

In some embodiments of the application, the method further comprises: triggering a purge action to be performed on the fuel cell stack in response to shutdown of the fuel cell exhaust system, the purge action including a cathode purge action for the fuel cell stack and an anode purge action for the fuel cell stack; acquiring an actual impedance value of a fuel cell stack in the process of executing a cathode-anode purging action for the fuel cell stack, and executing the executed time and the total execution time of the cathode-anode purging action for the fuel cell stack; acquiring a fourth discharge period and a fourth start pulse width in the fourth discharge period of the drain valve, and circularly controlling the drain valve to be started according to the fourth discharge period and the fourth start pulse width in the fourth discharge period; if the execution progress of executing the cathode and anode purging action for the fuel cell stack is greater than a set threshold value and the actual impedance value is smaller than or equal to the target impedance value, controlling the drain valve to keep a continuously opened state, wherein the execution progress is the ratio of the executed time to the total execution time; and if the executed time reaches the total execution time, controlling the drain valve to keep a continuously closed state.

In the application, in response to shutdown of the fuel cell discharge system, the fuel cell system needs to execute a shutdown purge flow, and the shutdown purge flow is triggered to execute a purge action on the fuel cell stack, and can be divided into three steps, namely a cathode purge action on the fuel cell stack, an anode purge action on the fuel cell stack and a cathode purge action on the fuel cell stack in sequence.

In the application, the target impedance value of the fuel cell stack can be determined according to the actual environmental temperature of the environment where the fuel cell stack is located, and the actual impedance value of the fuel cell stack can be acquired in real time through an impedance monitor in the fuel cell stack.

In the present application, if the execution progress of the anode-cathode purge operation for the fuel cell stack is greater than a set threshold and the actual resistance value is less than or equal to the target resistance value, the drain valve is controlled to maintain a continuously opened state, possibly if the water content in the fuel cell stack is excessive, so that the drain valve is required to maintain a continuously opened state and the water discharge of the fuel cell stack is increased.

In the present application, the execution schedule is a ratio of an executed time for the cathode and anode purging actions of the fuel cell stack to a total executed time for the cathode and anode purging actions of the fuel cell stack, and the set threshold may be 70%.

In the present application, if the executed time of the cathode and anode purging actions for the fuel cell stack reaches the total executed time of the cathode and anode purging actions for the fuel cell stack, it may be explained that the execution of the cathode and anode purging actions for the fuel cell stack is completed, and the drain valve is controlled to remain in a continuously closed state.

The following describes an embodiment of an apparatus of the present application, which can be used to perform the control method of the fuel cell exhaust system of the first aspect or the second aspect in the above-described embodiment of the present application. For details not disclosed in the embodiments of the apparatus of the present application, reference is made to embodiments of the method for controlling the fuel cell exhaust system according to the first or second aspect of the present application.

A control apparatus of a first fuel cell exhaust system in an embodiment of the present application for performing the control method of a fuel cell exhaust system of the first aspect in the above-described embodiment of the present application, the apparatus comprising: a first acquisition unit for acquiring an actual gas concentration in a discharge line during start-up of the fuel cell system, and calculating a gas concentration deviation value based on the actual gas concentration and a predetermined target gas concentration; a first determining unit configured to determine a first discharge period of an exhaust valve, a first opening pulse width in the first discharge period, and a target number of opening times based on the gas concentration deviation value, and to cyclically control the exhaust valve to be opened in accordance with the first discharge period, the first opening pulse width in the first discharge period, and the target number of opening times; and the judging unit is used for determining the starting state of the fuel cell system according to the actual opening times of the exhaust valve and the actual gas concentration.

In some embodiments of the application, based on the foregoing scheme, the determining unit is configured to: if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the target opening times and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, judging that the fuel cell system is successfully started; if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the target opening times and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, updating the target opening times, and circularly controlling the opening of the exhaust valve according to the first opening pulse width of the first exhaust period and the updated target opening times; if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the updated target opening times and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, judging that the fuel cell system is successfully started; and if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the updated target opening times and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, judging that the fuel cell system fails to start.

A control device of a second fuel cell exhaust system in an embodiment of the present application for performing the control method of the fuel cell exhaust system of the second aspect in the above-described embodiment of the present application, the device including: a second obtaining unit, configured to obtain an actual gas concentration in a discharge pipeline and obtain an actual output current and an actual impedance value of the fuel cell stack during an operation process of the fuel cell system; a second determining unit configured to determine a second discharge period of an exhaust valve and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, and to cyclically control opening of the exhaust valve in accordance with the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period; and a first control unit for determining a third discharge period of the drain valve and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current, and cyclically controlling the drain valve to be opened according to the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period.

In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing, the control device of the second fuel cell exhaust system further includes a triggering unit for returning to perform the step of determining a second exhaust cycle and a second open pulse width in the second exhaust cycle of the exhaust valve based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current and cyclically controlling the opening of the exhaust valve in accordance with the second exhaust cycle and the second open pulse width in the second exhaust cycle if the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to a predetermined target gas concentration and a duration exceeds a first time threshold; if the actual gas concentration is smaller than the predetermined target gas concentration and the duration exceeds a first time threshold, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state; if the duration of the continuously opened state of the exhaust valve reaches a second time threshold and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, returning to perform the steps of determining a second discharge period and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period of the exhaust valve based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, and cyclically controlling the opening of the exhaust valve according to the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period; and if the duration of the continuously opened state of the exhaust valve reaches a second time threshold and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, triggering an alarm prompt of too low gas concentration.

In some embodiments of the application, based on the foregoing, the control device of the second fuel cell exhaust system further includes a second control unit for acquiring an actual gas pressure in the fuel supply line; if the actual gas pressure exceeds a first pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state; if the actual gas pressure is smaller than a second pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously closed state, wherein the first pressure threshold value is larger than or equal to the second pressure threshold value; if the fuel cell system receives an emergency stop instruction, controlling the fuel cell system to stop in an emergency mode, and controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state; and if the actual gas pressure is smaller than a third pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously closed state.

In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing aspect, the control device of the second fuel cell exhaust system further includes a third control unit for increasing the opening degree of the proportional valve to compensate for the actual gas pressure before controlling the opening of the exhaust valve in any one of the second exhaust periods; and in any second discharge period, reducing the opening degree of the proportional valve before controlling the exhaust valve to close so as to release the actual gas pressure.

In some embodiments of the application, based on the foregoing, the apparatus further comprises a fourth control unit for determining, during any one of the third discharge periods, a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the gas pressure in the fuel supply line during the third discharge period as a gas pressure fluctuation value; if the gas pressure fluctuation value is larger than the pressure fluctuation threshold value, reducing a third opening pulse width of the drain valve in the third discharge period, and circularly controlling the drain valve to be opened according to the third discharge period and the reduced third opening pulse width; and if the gas pressure fluctuation value is smaller than or equal to the pressure fluctuation threshold value and the duration reaches a third time threshold value, returning to execute the steps of determining a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current, and circularly controlling the opening of the drain valve according to the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period.

In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing aspect, the control device of the second fuel cell discharge system further includes a fifth control unit for controlling the drain valve to remain in a continuously open state if the actual impedance value is less than a predetermined target impedance value and a duration exceeds a fourth time threshold; returning to perform a step of determining a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current and cyclically controlling the opening of the drain valve in accordance with the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period if the duration of the drain valve kept in the continuously opened state reaches a fifth time threshold and the actual impedance value is greater than or equal to the target impedance value; and if the duration of the continuously opened state of the drain valve reaches a fifth time threshold and the actual impedance value is smaller than the target impedance value, determining a fault level of the fuel cell stack based on the actual impedance value, and controlling the fuel cell system to execute a control instruction corresponding to the fault level.

In some embodiments of the present application, based on the foregoing aspect, the control device of the second fuel cell exhaust system further includes a sixth control unit configured to trigger, in response to shutdown of the fuel cell exhaust system, to perform a purge action on the fuel cell stack, the purge action including a cathode purge action for the fuel cell stack and an anode purge action for the fuel cell stack; acquiring an actual impedance value of a fuel cell stack in the process of executing a cathode-anode purging action for the fuel cell stack, and executing the executed time and the total execution time of the cathode-anode purging action for the fuel cell stack; acquiring a fourth discharge period and a fourth start pulse width in the fourth discharge period of the drain valve, and circularly controlling the drain valve to be started according to the fourth discharge period and the fourth start pulse width in the fourth discharge period; if the execution progress of executing the cathode and anode purging action for the fuel cell stack is greater than a set threshold value and the actual impedance value is smaller than or equal to the target impedance value, controlling the drain valve to keep a continuously opened state, wherein the execution progress is the ratio of the executed time to the total execution time; and if the executed time reaches the total execution time, controlling the drain valve to keep a continuously closed state.

The present application also provides a computer program product comprising computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium and adapted to be read and executed by a processor to cause a computer device having the processor to perform a method of controlling a fuel cell exhaust system as described in any of the embodiments above.

The present application also provides a computer readable medium that may be embodied in an electronic device; or may exist alone without being assembled into an electronic device. The computer readable storage medium has stored therein at least one program code loaded and executed by a processor to implement the method of controlling a fuel cell exhaust system described in any of the above embodiments.

The present application also provides an electronic device including one or more processors and one or more memories, the one or more memories storing at least one program code therein, the at least one program code being loaded and executed by the one or more processors to implement the method for controlling a fuel cell exhaust system according to any of the above embodiments.

It should be noted that, the computer readable medium shown in the embodiments of the present application may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium, or any combination of the two. The computer readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-Only Memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-Only Memory (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, EPROM), flash Memory, an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present application, however, the computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, with the computer-readable program code embodied therein. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. Where each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.

The units involved in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by software, or may be implemented by hardware, and the described units may also be provided in a processor. Wherein the names of the units do not constitute a limitation of the units themselves in some cases.

It should be noted that although in the above detailed description several modules or units of a device for action execution are mentioned, such a division is not mandatory. Indeed, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above may be embodied in one module or unit in accordance with embodiments of the application. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above may be further divided into a plurality of modules or units to be embodied.

From the above description of embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the example embodiments described herein may be implemented in software, or may be implemented in software in combination with the necessary hardware. Thus, the technical solution according to the embodiments of the present application may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (may be a CD-ROM, a U-disk, a mobile hard disk, etc.) or on a network, and includes several instructions to cause a computing device (may be a personal computer, a server, a touch terminal, or a network device, etc.) to perform the method according to the embodiments of the present application.

Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the embodiments disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the application pertains.

Furthermore, the above-described drawings are only schematic illustrations of processes included in the method according to the exemplary embodiment of the present application, and are not intended to be limiting. It will be readily appreciated that the processes shown in the above figures do not indicate or limit the temporal order of these processes. In addition, it is also readily understood that these processes may be performed synchronously or asynchronously, for example, among a plurality of modules.

It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of controlling a fuel cell exhaust system, the method comprising:

in the starting process of the fuel cell system, acquiring the actual gas concentration in the discharge pipeline, and calculating a gas concentration deviation value based on the actual gas concentration and a predetermined target gas concentration;

Determining a first discharge period of an exhaust valve, a first opening pulse width in the first discharge period and a target opening frequency based on the gas concentration deviation value, and circularly controlling the exhaust valve to be opened according to the first discharge period, the first opening pulse width in the first discharge period and the target opening frequency;

and determining the starting state of the fuel cell system according to the actual opening times of the exhaust valve and the actual gas concentration.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said determining a start-up state of the fuel cell system based on the actual number of times of opening the exhaust valve and the actual gas concentration includes:

if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the target opening times and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, judging that the fuel cell system is successfully started;

if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the target opening times and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, updating the target opening times, and circularly controlling the opening of the exhaust valve according to the first opening pulse width of the first exhaust period and the updated target opening times;

If the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the updated target opening times and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, judging that the fuel cell system is successfully started;

and if the actual opening times of the exhaust valve reach the updated target opening times and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, judging that the fuel cell system fails to start.

3. A method of controlling a fuel cell exhaust system, the method comprising:

in the operation process of the fuel cell system, acquiring the actual fuel gas concentration in the discharge pipeline, and acquiring the actual output current and the actual impedance value of the fuel cell stack;

determining a second discharge period of the exhaust valve and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period based on the actual fuel gas concentration and the actual output current, and circularly controlling the exhaust valve to be opened according to the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period;

and determining a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current, and circularly controlling the drain valve to be opened according to the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period.

4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:

returning to perform a step of determining a second discharge period and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period of the exhaust valve based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, and cyclically controlling the opening of the exhaust valve in accordance with the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period, if the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to a predetermined target gas concentration and the duration exceeds a first time threshold;

if the actual gas concentration is smaller than the predetermined target gas concentration and the duration exceeds a first time threshold, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state;

if the duration of the continuously opened state of the exhaust valve reaches a second time threshold and the actual gas concentration is greater than or equal to the target gas concentration, returning to perform the steps of determining a second discharge period and a second opening pulse width in the second discharge period of the exhaust valve based on the actual gas concentration and the actual output current, and cyclically controlling the opening of the exhaust valve according to the second discharge period and the second opening pulse width in the second discharge period;

And if the duration of the continuously opened state of the exhaust valve reaches a second time threshold and the actual gas concentration is smaller than the target gas concentration, triggering an alarm prompt of too low gas concentration.

5. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:

acquiring actual gas pressure in a fuel supply pipeline;

if the actual gas pressure exceeds a first pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state;

if the actual gas pressure is smaller than a second pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously closed state, wherein the first pressure threshold value is larger than or equal to the second pressure threshold value;

if the fuel cell system receives an emergency stop instruction, controlling the fuel cell system to stop in an emergency mode, and controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously opened state;

and if the actual gas pressure is smaller than a third pressure threshold value, controlling the exhaust valve to keep a continuously closed state.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:

in any second discharge period, before the exhaust valve is controlled to be opened, the opening degree of the proportional valve is increased so as to compensate the actual gas pressure;

And in any second discharge period, reducing the opening degree of the proportional valve before controlling the exhaust valve to close so as to release the actual gas pressure.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the method further comprises:

in any one third discharge period, determining a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of the gas pressure in the fuel supply line in the third discharge period as a gas pressure fluctuation value;

if the gas pressure fluctuation value is larger than the pressure fluctuation threshold value, reducing a third opening pulse width of the drain valve in the third discharge period, and circularly controlling the drain valve to be opened according to the third discharge period and the reduced third opening pulse width;

and if the gas pressure fluctuation value is smaller than or equal to the pressure fluctuation threshold value and the duration reaches a third time threshold value, returning to execute the steps of determining a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current, and circularly controlling the opening of the drain valve according to the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period.

8. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:

if the actual impedance value is smaller than a predetermined target impedance value and the duration exceeds a fourth time threshold, controlling the drain valve to keep a continuously opened state;

returning to perform a step of determining a third discharge period and a third opening pulse width in the third discharge period of the drain valve based on the actual impedance value and the actual output current and cyclically controlling the opening of the drain valve in accordance with the third discharge period and the third opening pulse width in the third discharge period if the duration of the drain valve kept in the continuously opened state reaches a fifth time threshold and the actual impedance value is greater than or equal to the target impedance value;

and if the duration of the continuously opened state of the drain valve reaches a fifth time threshold and the actual impedance value is smaller than the target impedance value, determining a fault level of the fuel cell stack based on the actual impedance value, and controlling the fuel cell system to execute a control instruction corresponding to the fault level.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the method further comprises:

Triggering a purge action to be performed on the fuel cell stack in response to shutdown of the fuel cell exhaust system, the purge action including a cathode purge action for the fuel cell stack and an anode purge action for the fuel cell stack;

acquiring an actual impedance value of a fuel cell stack in the process of executing a cathode-anode purging action for the fuel cell stack, and executing the executed time and the total execution time of the cathode-anode purging action for the fuel cell stack;

acquiring a fourth discharge period and a fourth start pulse width in the fourth discharge period of the drain valve, and circularly controlling the drain valve to be started according to the fourth discharge period and the fourth start pulse width in the fourth discharge period;

if the execution progress of executing the cathode and anode purging action for the fuel cell stack is greater than a set threshold value and the actual impedance value is smaller than or equal to the target impedance value, controlling the drain valve to keep a continuously opened state, wherein the execution progress is the ratio of the executed time to the total execution time;

and if the executed time reaches the total execution time, controlling the drain valve to keep a continuously closed state.

10. A fuel cell exhaust system, characterized in that the system is applied to the control method of a fuel cell exhaust system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the system comprising:

a fuel cell stack;

a fuel supply line for supplying fuel gas to the fuel cell stack;

the fuel gas pressure sensor is arranged on the fuel supply pipeline and used for collecting the fuel gas pressure in the fuel supply pipeline;

a discharge pipe for discharging the gas and water discharged from the fuel cell stack;

the gas concentration sensor is arranged on the discharge pipeline and used for collecting the gas concentration in the discharge pipeline;

the gas-liquid separator is arranged in the discharge pipeline and is used for separating gas and water discharged by the fuel cell stack, and the gas-liquid separator also comprises an exhaust valve and a drain valve, wherein the exhaust valve is used for controlling the gas discharge amount in the discharge pipeline, and the drain valve is used for controlling the water discharge amount in the discharge pipeline;

and a controller for controlling opening and closing of the exhaust valve and the drain valve.