CN116625810A - Method for evaluating damage of hydrogen diffusion to elastic property of material of hydrogen-contacting equipment - Google Patents
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 202
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 title description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012611 container material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及氢扩散对临氢设备材料弹性性质损伤技术领域，具体涉及一种评价氢扩散对临氢设备材料弹性性质损伤的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of damage to the elastic properties of hydrogen-facing equipment materials by hydrogen diffusion, and in particular to a method for evaluating the damage of hydrogen diffusion to the elastic properties of hydrogen-facing equipment materials.
背景技术Background technique
目前，对于氢扩散后材料弹性性质的检测较少，且未考虑材料中氢浓度的梯度分布对材料力学性能分布不均匀性的影响，导致所获弹性性质等力学性能不能准确反应材料真实性能，导致对材料损伤情况做出错误判断，且使用纳米压痕测量不但设备昂贵且试验结果误差极大。At present, there are few detections of the elastic properties of materials after hydrogen diffusion, and the influence of the gradient distribution of hydrogen concentration in materials on the inhomogeneous distribution of mechanical properties of materials is not considered, resulting in the obtained mechanical properties such as elastic properties cannot accurately reflect the real properties of materials. This leads to a wrong judgment on the damage of the material, and the use of nano-indentation measurement is not only expensive in equipment but also has a large error in test results.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为此，本发明提供一种评价氢扩散对临氢设备材料弹性性质损伤的方法，以解决现有技术中的上述缺陷。Therefore, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the damage of hydrogen diffusion to the elastic properties of hydrogen-facing equipment materials, so as to solve the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.
一种评价氢扩散对临氢设备材料弹性性质损伤的方法，包括以下步骤：A method for evaluating the damage of hydrogen diffusion to the elastic properties of hydrogen-facing equipment materials, comprising the following steps:
S1：对临氢设备材料进行不同电流密度下的电化学预充氢处理获取不同氢浓度分布下的试样；S1: Perform electrochemical pre-charging treatment on hydrogen-facing equipment materials under different current densities to obtain samples under different hydrogen concentration distributions;
S2：建立充氢电流与试样表面氢浓度关系以及试样内氢浓度分布情况；S2: Establish the relationship between the hydrogen charging current and the hydrogen concentration on the surface of the sample and the distribution of the hydrogen concentration in the sample;
S3：通过试验获取储氢容器材料氢扩散系数D和修正系数γ；S3: Obtain the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D and correction coefficient γ of the hydrogen storage container material through experiments;
S4：建立所述氢扩散系数D与充氢电流密度关系；S4: establishing the relationship between the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D and the hydrogen charging current density;
S5：使用所述S1中不同氢浓度分布试样获取对应弹性模量；S5: Using samples with different hydrogen concentration distributions in S1 to obtain the corresponding elastic modulus;
S6：建立试样弹性性质与试样内氢浓度分布的关系。S6: Establish the relationship between the elastic properties of the sample and the hydrogen concentration distribution in the sample.
优选的，所述S1中所述电流密度设置在0.2mA/cm2～500mA/cm2之间；Preferably, the current density in S1 is set between 0.2mA/cm2 and 500mA/cm2;
所述S1中电化学预充氢处理均将试样充氢至氢浓度分布趋于该充氢电流密度(表面氢浓度)下的稳定状态。In the electrochemical pre-hydrogenation treatment in S1, the sample is charged with hydrogen until the hydrogen concentration distribution tends to the steady state under the hydrogen charging current density (surface hydrogen concentration).
优选的，所述S2中，充氢电流与试样表面氢浓度关系以及试样内氢浓度分布模型为：Preferably, in said S2, the relationship between the hydrogen charging current and the hydrogen concentration on the surface of the sample and the hydrogen concentration distribution model in the sample are:
式中，IC为充氢总电流，D是与试验材料相对应的氢扩散系数，函数erfc(x)是高斯互补误差函数，S为材料充氢面工作面积，d为材料密度，L为充氢时延氢扩散方向材料的厚度，t为充氢时间，x为材料内距充氢面距离。In the formula, IC is the total hydrogen charging current, D is the hydrogen diffusion coefficient corresponding to the test material, the function erfc(x) is a Gaussian complementary error function, S is the working area of the hydrogen charging surface of the material, d is the material density, and L is the charging The hydrogen time delay is the thickness of the material in the hydrogen diffusion direction, t is the hydrogen charging time, and x is the distance from the material to the hydrogen charging surface.
优选的，所述S3中，储氢容器材料氢扩散系数D和修正系数γ的测量，包括以下步骤：Preferably, in said S3, the measurement of the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D and the correction coefficient γ of the hydrogen storage container material includes the following steps:
S31：选取电化学渗透试验来测量所述储氢容器材料氢扩散系数D和修正系数γ；S31: Select an electrochemical permeation test to measure the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D and correction coefficient γ of the hydrogen storage container material;
S32：设置电化学渗透试验电流密度与预充氢电流密度对应，区间在0.2mA/cm2～500mA/cm2之间；S32: Set the current density of the electrochemical osmosis test to correspond to the current density of the pre-charging hydrogen, and the interval is between 0.2mA/cm2 and 500mA/cm2;
S33：选取时间滞后法分析所述电化学渗透试验所得电化学渗透曲线，获取所述扩散系数D和修正系数γ。S33: Analyzing the electrochemical osmosis curve obtained from the electrochemical osmosis test by using a time-lag method to obtain the diffusion coefficient D and correction coefficient γ.
优选的，时间滞后分析法模型为：Preferably, the time-lag analysis method model is:
式中，tL为所述氢渗透曲线对应的滞后时间，所述滞后时间选取所述氢渗透曲线中阳极氧化电流在稳态电流值0.63处所对应的时间。In the formula, tL is the lag time corresponding to the hydrogen permeation curve, and the lag time is selected from the time corresponding to the steady-state current value of 0.63 for the anodic oxidation current in the hydrogen permeation curve.
优选的，选取慢速率拉伸试验对所述试样进行处理。Preferably, a slow rate tensile test is selected to process the sample.
优选的，包括以下步骤：Preferably, the following steps are included:
S41：将所述S2中充氢至氢浓度分布趋于该充氢电流密度(表面氢浓度)下稳定状态的试样依次通过所述慢速率拉伸试样来获取应力应变曲线；S41: Stress-strain curves are obtained by sequentially stretching the samples in S2 until the hydrogen concentration distribution tends to be in a steady state under the hydrogen charging current density (surface hydrogen concentration);
S42：通过所述S41应力应变曲线分析获得不同充氢电流密度(表面氢浓度)下达到稳定状态试样的弹性模量。S42: Obtain the elastic modulus of the sample reaching a steady state under different hydrogen charging current densities (surface hydrogen concentrations) through the analysis of the stress-strain curve in S41.
优选的，根据所述充氢电流与试样表面氢浓度关系以及试样内氢浓度分布模型计算出所述试验设置电流密度对应的氢浓度。Preferably, the hydrogen concentration corresponding to the current density of the test setup is calculated according to the relationship between the hydrogen charging current and the hydrogen concentration on the surface of the sample and the hydrogen concentration distribution model in the sample.
优选的，根据所述S42不同充氢电流密度(表面氢浓度)下达到稳定状态试样的弹性模量与对应氢浓度的关系。Preferably, according to the relationship between the elastic modulus and the corresponding hydrogen concentration of the sample reaching a steady state under different hydrogen charging current densities (surface hydrogen concentrations) in the above S42.
优选的，建立临氢设备材料弹性模量与对应氢浓度拟合函数，获取氢浓度梯度分布时对应梯度分布的弹性模量，回归系数R2>＝0.95，在一定程度上评价氢扩散对临氢设备材料弹性性质损伤。Preferably, the elastic modulus of the material of the hydrogen-facing equipment and the corresponding hydrogen concentration fitting function are established to obtain the elastic modulus corresponding to the gradient distribution of the hydrogen concentration gradient distribution, and the regression coefficient R2>=0.95, to a certain extent, evaluate the effect of hydrogen diffusion on the hydrogen-facing Damage to the elastic properties of equipment materials.
本发明具有如下优点：The present invention has the following advantages:
氢扩散会引起临氢设备力学性能的损伤，在氢扩散过程中临氢设备材料内氢浓度呈梯度分布，直到充氢至氢浓度分布趋于该表面氢浓度下稳定状态，此时临氢设备材料内氢浓度梯度差极大程度减小，浓度分布趋于均匀，本发明通过拉伸试验测试该状态下的临氢设备材料将获取更加准确的材料力学性能；建立所得力学性能与氢浓度关系，可获得不同氢浓度对材料力学性能的影响，从而评价氢扩散对临氢设备材料弹性性质损伤；更加准确测量氢对材料弹性性能的影响，使得评价更综合可靠；通过氢扩散时间及储氢容器内氢浓度可知材料目前所处的状态，极大保证生产安全、延长储氢设备的使用寿命；并且本发明的评价方法操作便捷、评价结果更加准确可靠。Hydrogen diffusion will cause damage to the mechanical properties of hydrogen-facing equipment. During the process of hydrogen diffusion, the hydrogen concentration in the material of hydrogen-facing equipment presents a gradient distribution until the hydrogen concentration distribution tends to a stable state under the surface hydrogen concentration. At this time, the hydrogen-facing equipment The hydrogen concentration gradient difference in the material is greatly reduced, and the concentration distribution tends to be uniform. The present invention will obtain more accurate mechanical properties of the material by testing the hydrogen-facing equipment material in this state through a tensile test; establish the relationship between the obtained mechanical properties and the hydrogen concentration , the influence of different hydrogen concentrations on the mechanical properties of materials can be obtained, so as to evaluate the damage of hydrogen diffusion to the elastic properties of hydrogen-facing equipment materials; the more accurate measurement of the influence of hydrogen on the elastic properties of materials makes the evaluation more comprehensive and reliable; through the hydrogen diffusion time and hydrogen storage The current state of the material can be known by the hydrogen concentration in the container, which greatly ensures production safety and prolongs the service life of the hydrogen storage equipment; and the evaluation method of the present invention is easy to operate and the evaluation result is more accurate and reliable.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的评价方法的流程示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of evaluation method of the present invention;
图2为本发明的试验电解质溶液中的阴阳极电流分布示意图；Fig. 2 is the cathode and anode current distribution schematic diagram in the test electrolyte solution of the present invention;
图3为本发明的试验选取CS2350电化学工作站的工作示意图。Fig. 3 is the working diagram of the CS2350 electrochemical workstation selected for the test of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施方式，进一步阐述本发明。In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
如图1至图3所示，本发明提供了一种评价氢扩散对临氢设备材料弹性性质损伤的方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the damage of hydrogen diffusion to the elastic properties of hydrogen-facing equipment materials, including the following steps:
S1：对临氢设备材料进行不同电流密度下的电化学预充氢处理获取不同氢浓度分布下的试样；具体的：S1: Perform electrochemical pre-hydrogen treatment on hydrogen-facing equipment materials at different current densities to obtain samples under different hydrogen concentration distributions; specifically:
本发明实施例中，试验装置如图2所示设置阴极极化电流，选取0.2mol/L的NaOH溶液为电解质溶液，铂电极与电化学工作站正极的参比电极接头及辅助电极相连通，构成电化学充氢试验阳极，该端发生4OH--4e-→2H2O+O2↑氧化反应，将负极的工作电极接头同试样相连通，构成电化学充氢试验的阴极，发生4H2O+4e-→2Hads+H2↑+4OH-还原反应。所述电流密度设置在0.2mA/cm2～500mA/cm2之间，步骤S1所述电化学预充氢处理均将试样充氢至氢浓度分布趋于该充氢电流密度(表面氢浓度)下的稳定状态。In the embodiment of the present invention, the test device is provided with cathodic polarization current as shown in Figure 2, and the NaOH solution of 0.2mol/L is selected as the electrolyte solution, and the platinum electrode is connected with the reference electrode joint and the auxiliary electrode of the positive electrode of the electrochemical workstation to form a The anode of the electrochemical hydrogen charging test, 4OH--4e-→2H2O+O2↑ oxidation reaction occurs at this end, and the working electrode joint of the negative electrode is connected with the sample to form the cathode of the electrochemical hydrogen charging test, 4H2O+4e-→ 2Hads+H2↑+4OH- reduction reaction. The current density is set between 0.2mA/cm2 and 500mA/cm2, and the electrochemical pre-charging treatment described in step S1 all charges the sample with hydrogen until the hydrogen concentration distribution tends to be below the hydrogen charging current density (surface hydrogen concentration) stable state.
S2：建立充氢电流与试样表面氢浓度关系以及试样内氢浓度分布情况；具体的：S2: Establish the relationship between the hydrogen charging current and the hydrogen concentration on the surface of the sample and the distribution of the hydrogen concentration in the sample; specifically:
所述S2中，充氢电流与试样表面氢浓度关系以及试样内氢浓度分布模型为：In S2, the relationship between the hydrogen charging current and the hydrogen concentration on the surface of the sample and the distribution model of the hydrogen concentration in the sample are:
式中，IC为充氢总电流，D是与试验材料相对应的氢扩散系数，函数erfc(x)是高斯互补误差函数，S为材料充氢面工作面积，d为材料密度，L为充氢时延氢扩散方向材料的厚度，t为充氢时间，x为材料内距充氢面距离。In the formula, IC is the total hydrogen charging current, D is the hydrogen diffusion coefficient corresponding to the test material, the function erfc(x) is a Gaussian complementary error function, S is the working area of the hydrogen charging surface of the material, d is the material density, and L is the charging The hydrogen time delay is the thickness of the material in the hydrogen diffusion direction, t is the hydrogen charging time, and x is the distance from the material to the hydrogen charging surface.
根据所述充氢电流与试样表面氢浓度关系以及试样内氢浓度分布模型计算出所述试验设置电流密度对应的氢浓度。The hydrogen concentration corresponding to the current density of the test setup is calculated according to the relationship between the hydrogen charging current and the hydrogen concentration on the surface of the sample and the hydrogen concentration distribution model in the sample.
建立临氢设备材料弹性模量与对应氢浓度拟合函数，获取氢浓度梯度分布时对应梯度分布的弹性模量，回归系数R2>＝0.95，在一定程度上评价氢扩散对临氢设备材料弹性性质损伤。Establish the fitting function of the elastic modulus of the hydrogen-facing equipment material and the corresponding hydrogen concentration, obtain the elastic modulus corresponding to the gradient distribution of the hydrogen concentration gradient, and the regression coefficient R2>=0.95, to evaluate the hydrogen diffusion on the elasticity of the hydrogen-facing equipment material to a certain extent nature damage.
选取慢速率拉伸试验对所述试样进行处理。包括以下步骤：Select the slow rate tensile test to process the sample. Include the following steps:
S41：将S2中充氢至氢浓度分布趋于该充氢电流密度(表面氢浓度)下稳定状态的试样依次通过所述慢速率拉伸试样来获取应力应变曲线；S41: Charge the samples in S2 until the hydrogen concentration distribution tends to be in a steady state under the hydrogen charging current density (surface hydrogen concentration) through the slow-rate stretching samples in sequence to obtain a stress-strain curve;
S42：通过所述S41应力应变曲线分析获得不同充氢电流密度(表面氢浓度)下达到稳定状态试样的弹性模量。S42: Obtain the elastic modulus of the sample reaching a steady state under different hydrogen charging current densities (surface hydrogen concentrations) through the analysis of the stress-strain curve in S41.
根据所述S42不同充氢电流密度(表面氢浓度)下达到稳定状态试样的弹性模量与对应氢浓度的关系。According to the relationship between the elastic modulus of the sample reaching the steady state and the corresponding hydrogen concentration under different hydrogen charging current densities (surface hydrogen concentration) in the above S42.
S3：通过试验获取储氢容器材料氢扩散系数D和修正系数γ；具体的：S3: Obtain the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D and correction coefficient γ of the hydrogen storage container material through experiments; specifically:
所述S3中，储氢容器材料氢扩散系数D和修正系数γ的测量，包括以下步骤：In said S3, the measurement of the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D and the correction coefficient γ of the hydrogen storage container material includes the following steps:
S31：选取电化学渗透试验来测量所述储氢容器材料氢扩散系数D和修正系数γ；S31: Select an electrochemical permeation test to measure the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D and correction coefficient γ of the hydrogen storage container material;
S32：设置电化学渗透试验电流密度与预充氢电流密度对应，区间在0.2mA/cm2～500mA/cm2之间；S32: Set the current density of the electrochemical osmosis test to correspond to the current density of the pre-charging hydrogen, and the interval is between 0.2mA/cm2 and 500mA/cm2;
S33：选取时间滞后法分析所述电化学渗透试验所得电化学渗透曲线，获取所述扩散系数D和修正系数γ。S33: Analyzing the electrochemical osmosis curve obtained from the electrochemical osmosis test by using a time-lag method to obtain the diffusion coefficient D and correction coefficient γ.
本发明实施例装置如图3所示，试验选取CS2350电化学工作站，其主工作单元与从工作单元分别控制双电解池的阳极室与阴极室，其中主工作单元中工作电极、参比HgO电极、辅助铂电极共同构成三电极体系。在主工作单元连接的电解池中加入0.2mol/L的NaOH溶液，并将主单元设置为恒电位阳极极化，构成如图3右侧所示的阳极室，此时被施加恒电位阳极极化的试样的镀镍面与阳极室内的电解质溶液相接触，试样镀镍面(扩散面)发生氧化反应，消除试样内可电离杂质，并产生逐渐减小的阳极氧化电流，当残余氧化电流趋于稳定且小于1.5μA/cm2时可认为试样中无可电离杂质，此时可将从单元与图3中左侧电解室相连。从工作单元WE与试样相连，RE与CE都同铂电极相连，于该电解池中加入0.2mol/L NaOH溶液，并将从单元设置为恒电流阴极极化，构成双电解室中的阴极室。阴极室中发生还原反H2O+e-→OH-+H此时生成的氢原子吸附于试样阴极室一侧表面，在浓度梯度及电流作用下，吸附氢原子在材料内发生扩散，当吸附氢原子从阴极室材料表面扩散至阳极室材料表面后，被阳极室所加恒电位阳极极化所氧化H-e-→H+生成氢离子从而产生逐渐增大的阳极氧化电流，当材料中氢浓度分布趋于均匀并达到稳定状态时由扩散氢原子电离产生的阳极电流也达到稳定状态。The device of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 3. The CS2350 electrochemical workstation was selected for the test. The main working unit and the slave working unit respectively control the anode chamber and the cathode chamber of the double electrolytic cell, wherein the working electrode and the reference HgO electrode in the main working unit , auxiliary platinum electrodes together constitute a three-electrode system. Add 0.2 mol/L NaOH solution to the electrolytic cell connected to the main working unit, and set the main unit as constant potential anode polarization to form an anode chamber as shown on the right side of Figure 3, at which time a constant potential anode is applied The nickel-plated surface of the sample is in contact with the electrolyte solution in the anode chamber, and the nickel-plated surface (diffusion surface) of the sample undergoes an oxidation reaction, which eliminates the ionizable impurities in the sample and produces a gradually decreasing anodic oxidation current. When the oxidation current tends to be stable and less than 1.5μA/cm2, it can be considered that there are no ionizable impurities in the sample. At this time, the slave unit can be connected to the left electrolytic chamber in Figure 3. The slave working unit WE is connected to the sample, RE and CE are connected to the platinum electrode, and 0.2mol/L NaOH solution is added to the electrolytic cell, and the slave unit is set to constant current cathode polarization to form the cathode in the double electrolytic chamber room. The reduction reaction H2O+e-→OH-+H occurs in the cathode chamber. The hydrogen atoms generated at this time are adsorbed on the surface of the cathode chamber of the sample. Under the action of concentration gradient and current, the adsorbed hydrogen atoms diffuse in the material. When the adsorption After the hydrogen atoms diffuse from the surface of the material in the cathode chamber to the surface of the material in the anode chamber, they are oxidized by H-e-→H+ to generate hydrogen ions by the constant potential anodic polarization applied in the anode chamber, thereby generating a gradually increasing anodic oxidation current. When the hydrogen concentration in the material is distributed When it tends to be uniform and reaches a steady state, the anode current generated by the ionization of diffused hydrogen atoms also reaches a steady state.
时间滞后分析法模型为：The time-lag analysis model is:
式中，tL为所述氢渗透曲线对应的滞后时间，所述滞后时间选取所述氢渗透曲线中阳极氧化电流在稳态电流值0.63处所对应的时间。In the formula, tL is the lag time corresponding to the hydrogen permeation curve, and the lag time is selected from the time corresponding to the steady-state current value of 0.63 for the anodic oxidation current in the hydrogen permeation curve.
S4：建立所述氢扩散系数D与充氢电流密度关系；S4: establishing the relationship between the hydrogen diffusion coefficient D and the hydrogen charging current density;
S5：使用所述S1中不同氢浓度分布试样获取对应弹性模量；S5: Using samples with different hydrogen concentration distributions in S1 to obtain the corresponding elastic modulus;
S6：建立试样弹性性质与试样内氢浓度分布的关系。S6: Establish the relationship between the elastic properties of the sample and the hydrogen concentration distribution in the sample.
氢扩散会引起临氢设备力学性能的损伤，在氢扩散过程中临氢设备材料内氢浓度呈梯度分布，直到充氢至氢浓度分布趋于该表面氢浓度下稳定状态，此时临氢设备材料内氢浓度梯度差极大程度减小，浓度分布趋于均匀，本发明通过拉伸试验测试该状态下的临氢设备材料将获取更加准确的材料力学性能；建立所得力学性能与氢浓度关系，可获得不同氢浓度对材料力学性能的影响，从而评价氢扩散对临氢设备材料弹性性质损伤；更加准确测量氢对材料弹性性能的影响，使得评价更综合可靠；通过氢扩散时间及储氢容器内氢浓度可知材料目前所处的状态，极大保证生产安全、延长储氢设备的使用寿命；并且本发明的评价方法操作便捷、评价结果更加准确可靠。Hydrogen diffusion will cause damage to the mechanical properties of hydrogen-facing equipment. During the process of hydrogen diffusion, the hydrogen concentration in the material of hydrogen-facing equipment presents a gradient distribution until the hydrogen concentration distribution tends to a stable state under the surface hydrogen concentration. At this time, the hydrogen-facing equipment The hydrogen concentration gradient difference in the material is greatly reduced, and the concentration distribution tends to be uniform. The present invention will obtain more accurate mechanical properties of the material by testing the hydrogen-facing equipment material in this state through a tensile test; establish the relationship between the obtained mechanical properties and the hydrogen concentration , the influence of different hydrogen concentrations on the mechanical properties of materials can be obtained, so as to evaluate the damage of hydrogen diffusion to the elastic properties of hydrogen-facing equipment materials; the more accurate measurement of the influence of hydrogen on the elastic properties of materials makes the evaluation more comprehensive and reliable; through the hydrogen diffusion time and hydrogen storage The current state of the material can be known by the hydrogen concentration in the container, which greatly ensures production safety and prolongs the service life of the hydrogen storage equipment; and the evaluation method of the present invention is easy to operate and the evaluation result is more accurate and reliable.
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。Although the present invention has been described in detail with general descriptions and specific examples above, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present invention. Therefore, the modifications or improvements made on the basis of not departing from the spirit of the present invention all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
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