CN116617770B - Treatment system and process for residual material and gas of shotcrete machine based on cyclone separation and recovery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of applied cyclone separation, and specifically relates to a treatment system and process for residual material and gas of a shotcrete machine based on cyclone separation and recovery. The remaining material port of the shotcrete machine is equipped with a cyclone separator through a closed connecting tube; the overflow outlet at the top of the cyclone separator passes between the residual air transport pipe and the main air inlet pipe and air inlet of the shotcrete machine. A venturi injector is installed, and an orifice plate is installed between the air inlet of the shotcrete machine and the discharge cylinder to reduce the generation of internal vortices. The treatment process includes: the mixed flow of moist residual material and residual gas generated during operation is discharged from the residual material port into the cyclone separator, and under the action of wind pressure, external cyclone and internal cyclone are made inside the cyclone separator. The movement of the flow effectively realizes solid-gas separation. The remaining material is recovered from the remaining material collection box. The remaining air enters the branch pipe of the Venturi injector from the overflow outlet. The Venturi injector enters the air inlet of the shotcrete machine to complete the recovery of the remaining air. , improve work efficiency, and the dust reduction rate during use reaches 79%.

Description

Treatment system and technology for residual material and gas of shotcrete machine based on cyclone separation and recovery

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of applied cyclone separation, and specifically relates to a treatment system and process for residual material and gas of a shotcrete machine based on cyclone separation and recovery.

Background technique

Cyclone separators are closed vortex devices that usually include a short column section (head section) followed by a tapered cone section. The cyclone separator can separate the particles of the slurry according to their shape, size and specific gravity. It can form two internal and external cyclones, in which the faster and heavier settling particles move towards the outer wall of the cyclone separator, and the slower settling particles will move towards the outer wall of the cyclone separator. The central axis moves and travels towards the head section, finally leaving the cyclone separator through the overflow pipe to achieve classification.

As a kind of air-driven tide spraying equipment, the push chain shotcrete machine has the characteristics of long conveying distance and simple use and maintenance. Industrial experiments and field applications show that the various performance indicators of the machine have met the construction requirements, but the high sealing During the tide spraying process, the push-down chain shotcrete machine will produce periodic wet residual material and residual air generated by movement. The existing push-chain shotcrete machine has an exposed residual material port, and there is no control over the residual material and residual air. Treatment, direct spraying will produce dust in the surrounding environment, which will affect the physical and mental health of the staff and the working environment. First, the residual material carried in the periodic residual air discharged from the residual material port will produce dust itself. Second, the residual gas will Falling dust already in the environment raises dust.

Due to the high-speed air flow directly impacting the push chain during the working process of the existing push chain shotcrete machine, every position of the push chain will cause obvious eddy currents or air flow turbulence in the discharge cylinder. This causes part of the wet material located in the eddy current field in the discharge cylinder to move inside the cylinder for a long time with the eddy current field, and cannot be discharged from the discharge port in time. Finally, it is discharged from the remaining material port under the action of the push chain, which reduces the work efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a treatment system and process for the residual material and residual gas of the shotcrete machine based on cyclone separation and recovery. The cyclone separator is used to treat the residual material and residual gas at the residual material port of the push chain shotcrete machine. Solid gas separation, and a Venturi injector is installed between the cyclone separator, the main air inlet pipe, and the air inlet of the shotcrete machine to realize residual gas recovery, and the residual material is recovered through the bottom outlet.

The technical solutions adopted are:

A treatment system for residual material and gas from shotcrete machines based on cyclone separation and recovery. The push-chain shotcrete machine includes a residual material port, a push chain (pistons are set at equal intervals on the push chain), a hopper, a sealed cylinder, and a discharge port, the air inlet of the shotcrete machine, and the main air inlet pipe. The remaining material port of the shotcrete machine is equipped with a cyclone separator through a sealed connecting tube;

A Venturi injector is installed between the outlet at the top of the cyclone separator (i.e., the overflow outlet) through the residual air transport pipe, the main air inlet pipe of the shotcrete machine, and the air inlet of the shotcrete machine; An orifice plate is provided in the air inlet of the pulp machine and on the upper part of the discharge cylinder.

Preferably, the cyclone separator includes an inlet pipe section, a column section, a cone section, and an overflow pipe. An underflow outlet is provided at the bottom of the cone section, and a residual material collection box is installed at the underflow outlet; the inlet pipe section is arranged on the column in a circular tangent manner. On the upper side of the section, an overflow outlet is set at the top of the overflow pipe, and the overflow outlet is connected to the residual gas delivery pipe; the diameter of the column section is equal to the height of the column section, the diameter of the overflow pipe is half of the diameter of the column section, and the bottom of the overflow pipe The end is located in the middle of the column section, the height of the inlet pipe section is half the height of the column section, and the height of the cone section is three times the height of the column section.

Preferably, the end of the inlet pipe section of the cyclone separator is adapted and sealingly connected to the connection part of the sealed connection barrel, and the overflow outlet is sealingly connected to the branch pipe of the Venturi ejector through the residual gas delivery pipe.

Preferably, the Venturi ejector further includes a main pipe and a throat. An inlet is provided on one side of the main pipe and an outlet is provided on the other side. A contraction section is provided between the main pipe on the inlet side and the throat, and the main pipe on the outlet side is connected to the throat. A diffusion section is provided between the tubes, a branch pipe is provided on one side of the contraction section and the throat pipe, and a cavity is provided between the connection between the contraction section, the throat pipe and the branch pipe; the outlet (that is, the outlet provided on one side of the main pipe, is also a Venturi jet outlet) is connected to the air inlet of the shotcrete machine.

Preferably, the diameter ratio of the throat of the venturi injector to the main pipe is 0.8; the distance between the end of the constriction section and the throat is 1/2 of the diameter of the throat.

Preferably, the contraction angle at the entrance of the contraction section is 25.0°, and the diffusion angle at the outlet of the diffusion section is 10°.

Preferably, the upper part of the discharge cylinder of the shotcrete machine is connected to and overlaps with the sealing cylinder, and the orifice plate is installed at the top of the overlap between the discharge cylinder and the sealing cylinder in the air inlet of the shotcrete machine; the orifice plate is The curved surface is the same as the bending radius of the sealing cylinder. It is installed horizontally at the connection between the inside of the discharge cylinder and the top of the sealing cylinder, and maintains frictional contact with the piston on the push chain. Setting up an orifice plate can effectively reduce internal eddy currents and reduce the generation of residual material and residual gas.

Preferably, the orifice plate is a rectangular curved surface, with rows of evenly distributed round holes arranged on it, of which 5 are evenly arranged laterally along the long side, 4 are distributed along the short side, and the distance between the two middle rows is greater than the distance between the two sides. spacing between the two rows.

Preferably, along the long side transversely, the distance between the centers of each round hole is equal to the distance between the outer round holes and the short side; vertically along the short side, the distance between the centers of the two outer rows of round holes is equal to the distance between the outer round holes. The sides are equidistant.

A treatment process for the residual material and gas of a shotcrete machine based on cyclone separation and recovery, which adopts the above-mentioned treatment system for the residual material and gas of a shotcrete machine based on cyclone separation and recovery, and is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

(1) The residual material port is connected to the cyclone separator through a sealed connecting tube. The overflow outlet at the top of the cyclone separator is installed with a Venturi injector between the residual air transport pipe, the main air inlet pipe, and the air inlet of the shotcrete machine. And install the orifice plate;

(2) After the mixed flow of moist residual material and residual air periodically generated during the operation of the shotcrete machine is discharged from the residual material port, it quickly enters the interior of the cyclone separator from the inlet pipe section in a tangential direction. Under the action of wind pressure, The external swirling flow moves along the inner wall of the cyclone separator. When entering the cone section, the radius of the external swirling flow gradually shrinks. Under the action of wind pressure and swirling flow, the residual air breaks away from the external swirling flow and moves towards the cyclone separator. The central axis performs internal swirling motion and is finally discharged from the overflow outlet. The moist residual material continues to swirl along the inner wall to the bottom flow outlet and enters the residual material collection box to achieve solid-gas separation; the residual gas enters the residual gas recovery stage, that is branch pipe entering the venturi injector;

(3) After the residual air enters from the branch pipe of the Venturi ejector, the high-pressure air output by the compressed fan passes through the main pipe and the contraction section in sequence from the Venturi ejector inlet, and then mixes with the residual air entering from the branch pipe in the throat, and passes through the diffusion section from The venturi ejector is discharged from the outlet and enters the air inlet of the shotcrete machine to complete the recovery of residual air.

As a further preference, the air inlet of the shotcrete machine, the discharge cylinder, and the outlet at the top of the cyclone separator are separated by cyclonic flow between the residual air transport pipe, the main air inlet pipe, and the air inlet of the shotcrete machine. The connection between the device and the remaining material port is sealed, and the connection parts are matched.

Compared with the prior art, the benefits of the present invention are:

The present invention installs a cyclone separator at the remaining material port to realize the solid-gas separation of the remaining gas and the remaining material. The cyclone separator of the present invention is used to reasonably establish the size according to the air flow speed. Although the basic structure is simple, the solid particles in the separator The centrifugal force received can easily reach 300~2000 times of gravity, the separation efficiency is high and the best separation efficiency can be achieved;

In the present invention, a Venturi ejector is installed between the overflow outlet at the top of the cyclone separator, the main air inlet pipe and the air inlet, and the size and proportion are reasonably established. The throat of the Venturi ejector can generate greater local load. Pressure, the jet effect is more obvious, it can absorb the residual air entering from the branch pipe, and reduce the occurrence of the residual air being discharged to raise the existing dust in the environment again;

The invention is provided with an orifice plate at the connection between the air inlet and the sealed cylinder. The orifice plate is provided with correspondingly arranged circular holes, which has a throttling effect, can change the direction of the air flow field, significantly increase the air flow speed in the flow field, and effectively eliminate Internal vortex reduces the generation of residual material and residual air and improves work efficiency;

Adopting the present invention's treatment system and process for the residual material and residual gas of the shotcrete machine based on cyclone separation and recovery, the separation and recovery of the residual material and the residual gas can be effectively realized, while the vortex in the shotcrete machine can be reduced, the work efficiency can be improved, and the dust reduction rate can reach 79 %, the dust reduction effect is remarkable.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the separation and recovery and treatment system for residual material and gas of a push-chain shotcrete machine according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the cyclone separator and residual material collection box.

Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the installation of the discharge cylinder and the air inlet of the shotcrete machine.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the orifice plate.

Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the Venturi injector.

In the picture: 1-remaining material port, 2-closed connecting tube, 3-cyclone separator, 4-remaining material collection box, 5-remaining air delivery pipe, 6-main air inlet pipe, 7-Venturi injector, 8-air inlet of shotcrete machine, 9-discharge cylinder, 10-discharge port, 11-push chain, 12-sealing cylinder, 13-hopper, 14-orifice plate, 15-inlet pipe section, 16-column Section, 17-cone section, 18-underflow outlet, 19-overflow pipe, 20-overflow outlet, 21-remaining gas inlet, 22-branch pipe, 23-cavity, 24-Venturi injector inlet, 25-main pipe , 26-contraction section, 27-throat, 28-diffusion section, 29-venturi injector outlet.

Detailed ways

The drawings are only for illustrative purposes; some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations of the present invention.

In order to clearly illustrate the technical effects of the present invention, the present invention will be introduced in detail through examples below.

As shown in Figure 1, a shotcrete machine residual gas treatment system based on cyclone separation and recovery, the push chain shotcrete machine includes a residual material port 1, a push chain 11 (pistons are arranged at equal intervals on the push chain 11, can play a sealing role), hopper 13, sealing cylinder 12, discharge port 10, shotcrete machine air inlet 8, main air inlet pipe 6, and also includes a cyclone separator 3, the top of the cyclone separator 3 A Venturi injector 7 is installed between the outlet of the residual air delivery pipe 5 and the main air inlet pipe 6 and air inlet of the shotcrete machine (i.e., the shotcrete machine air inlet 8). The outlet at the top is the overflow outlet. 20.

As shown in Figure 2, the inlet pipe section 15 of the cyclone separator 3 is connected to the residual material port 1 through the sealed connecting tube 2. The cyclone separator 3 includes an inlet pipe section 15, a column section 16, and a cone section 17. The cone section 17 is provided with an underflow outlet 18 at the bottom, and a residual material collection box 4 is installed in the underflow outlet 18; the inlet pipe section 15 is arranged on the upper side of the column section 16 in a circular tangent manner, and an overflow pipe 19 is provided from the inside of the column section 16 to the top. An overflow outlet 20 is provided at the top of the flow pipe 19, and the overflow outlet 20 is connected to the residual gas delivery pipe 5.

In this embodiment, the column section 16 has a diameter of 300.0 mm and a height of 300.0 mm, and the cone section 17 has a length of 900.0 mm; the overflow pipe 19 has a diameter of 150.0 mm and a length of 187.5 mm; the inlet pipe section 15 has a rectangular cross-section and a height of 150.0 mm, the width is 75 mm; the bottom outlet 18 has a diameter of 150 mm.

After the solid-gas mixed flow of the remaining gas and the remaining material is discharged from the remaining material port 1 of the shotcrete machine, it enters the cyclone separator 3 from the inlet pipe section 15, and is externally rotated inside the cyclone separator 3 under the action of wind pressure. After the flow and internal swirling movement, the solid gas separation is realized, the remaining material enters the remaining material collection box 4 from the bottom outflow outlet 18, and the remaining gas is discharged from the overflow outlet 20 into the residual gas delivery pipe 5 through the overflow pipe 19.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the overflow outlet 20 is sealedly connected to the branch pipe 22 of the Venturi injector 7 through the residual gas delivery pipe 5 . The Venturi ejector 7 also includes a main pipe 25 and a throat 27. The main pipe 25 is provided with an inlet on one side (i.e., the Venturi ejector inlet 24) and an outlet (i.e., the Venturi ejector outlet 29) on the other side, wherein the inlet is one. A contraction section 26 is provided between the main pipe 25 and the throat pipe 27 on the outlet side. A diffusion section 28 is provided between the main pipe 25 and the throat pipe 27 on the outlet side. A branch pipe 22 is provided on one side of the contraction section 26 and the throat pipe 27. The contraction section 26 and A section of cavity 23 is provided between the connection point of the throat pipe 27 and the branch pipe 22, and the inlet of the branch pipe 22 is the residual air inlet 21.

When the Venturi injector 7 is configured with a branch pipe 22 and is used in the cyclone separator 3, it is necessary to ensure stable flow and a small pressure drop at both ends of the injector. At the same time, due to the uniform motion of the piston on the push chain 11, the speed of the residual air that needs to be recovered by the branch pipe 22 and the throat pipe 27 changes periodically with time, and the residual air is released quickly. Therefore, the structural parameters of the Venturi ejector 7 need to be coordinated to ensure stable flow and complete residual gas recovery with minimal resistance.

As a further preferred setting, the diameter ratio of the throat 27 of the Venturi injector 7 to the main pipe 25 is 0.8; the distance between the end of the contraction section 26 and the throat 27 is 1 of the diameter of the throat 27 /2. In this embodiment, the diameter of the main pipe of the Venturi ejector is 50.8 mm, the diameter of the branch pipe is 25.4 mm, the length of the front end of the contraction section and the length of the rear end of the divergence section of the main pipe are both 50.0 mm, the diameter of the throat is 40.6 mm, and the length of the throat is 101.6mm. The contraction angle at the entrance of the contraction section is 25.0°, and the diffusion angle at the outlet of the diffusion section is 10°. With this size arrangement, the throat 27 of the Venturi injector 7 can generate greater local negative pressure, and the jet effect will be more obvious.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the air inlet 8 of the shotcrete machine is connected to the discharge cylinder 9. The orifice plate 14 is a rectangular curved surface with rows of evenly distributed round holes arranged on it. The round holes are arranged along the 5 are evenly arranged horizontally on the long side, 4 are distributed along the short side, and the distance between the two rows in the middle is greater than the distance between the two rows on both sides. The orifice plate 14 has the same bending radius as the top of the sealing cylinder 12. The upper part of the discharge cylinder 9 is connected to and overlaps with the sealing cylinder 12. The orifice plate 14 is installed horizontally on the inside of the discharge cylinder 9 and connected to the top of the sealing cylinder 12. position, and maintains frictional contact with the piston on the push chain 11. The orifice plate 14 has a throttling effect and can evenly distribute the wind at the air inlet 8 of the shotcrete machine, change the direction of the wind flow field and significantly increase the wind flow speed in the flow field. Therefore, the orifice plate 14 is used for the discharge cylinder 9 of the push chain shotcrete machine to eliminate internal eddy currents to reduce the generation of residual material and residual air.

Horizontally along the long side, the distance between the centers of each round hole is equal to the distance between the outer round hole and the short side; vertically along the short side, the distance between the centers of the two outer rows of round holes is equal to the distance between the outer round hole and the long side. equal. In this embodiment, the bending radius of the orifice plate is 66 mm, the long side is 180 mm, the short side is 110 mm, the diameter of the circular holes is 8 mm, the distance between the centers of the horizontal holes along the long side and the distance between the outer circular holes The distance between the short sides is 30 mm; the distance between the centers of the two outer rows of round holes along the short side and the distance between the outer round holes and the long side are 17.5 mm, and the distance between the centers of the two middle rows of round holes is 40 mm.

The push chain shotcrete machine used in the present invention is an air-feed type tide spraying equipment, which is driven by an explosion-proof motor. The working principle is: first, mix the mixture in a mixer according to a certain proportion through a feeder or manual feeding. The sprayed moisture material is put into the hopper 13, and the moisture material in the hopper 13 enters the conveying cylinder (the section below the hopper 13 in Figure 1) under the action of gravity. The sprayed tide material in the conveying cylinder is driven by the push chain 11 and enters the discharge cylinder 9 through the sealing cylinder 12. At the same time, the compressed air is used as power to enter the discharge cylinder 9 from the air inlet 8 of the shotcrete machine. The sprayed tide material in the discharge cylinder 9 enters the conveying pipe through the discharge port 10 under the action of the compressed air and is transported to the nozzle. However, a small part of the sprayed tide material that cannot be blown out by the compressed air continues to move forward under the push of the push chain. It is discharged from the remaining material port 1 under the action of gravity. Due to the sealing effect of the push chain 11, the discharge of the remaining material from the remaining material port 1 is accompanied by periodic residual air.

Therefore, the present invention adopts a spraying machine residual material and residual gas treatment system based on cyclone separation and recovery, and uses a cyclone separator to recycle the generated moist residual materials and residual gas, which includes the following steps:

(1) The remaining material port 1 is connected to the cyclone separator 3 through the sealed connecting tube 2. The orifice plate 14 is installed at the connection between the inside of the discharge cylinder 9 and the top of the sealing cylinder 12. The overflow outlet 20 at the top of the cyclone separator 3 passes through A Venturi injector 7 is installed between the residual air delivery pipe 5, the main air inlet pipe 6, and the shotcrete machine air inlet 8;

(2) After the mixed flow of moist residual material and residual air periodically generated during the operation of the shotcrete machine is discharged from the residual material port, it quickly enters the interior of the cyclone separator 3 from the inlet pipe section 15 in a tangential direction. Under the action of wind pressure , the heavier tidal material (i.e., the remaining material) performs an external swirling motion along the inner wall of the cyclone separator 3. When entering the cone section 17, the radius of the external swirling flow gradually shrinks. Under the action of wind pressure and swirling flow , the lighter residual air and the dust with very small particles break away from the external swirling flow and move towards the central axis of the cyclone separator 3, and are finally discharged from the overflow outlet 20. The moist residual material continues to swirl along the inner wall. After reaching the bottom flow outlet 18, it enters the residual material collection box 4 to achieve solid-gas separation; the residual gas then enters the residual gas recovery stage, that is, it enters the branch pipe 22 of the Venturi ejector 7;

(3) After the residual air enters from the branch pipe 22 of the Venturi ejector 7, the high-pressure air output by the compressor fan passes through the main pipe 25 and the contraction section 26 from the Venturi ejector inlet 24 in sequence, and then merges with the residual air entering from the branch pipe 22 in the throat. 27 mixed, discharged from the venturi injector outlet 29 through the diffusion section 28, and enters the air inlet 8 of the shotcrete machine to complete the recovery of residual gas.

The compressor fan is installed at the main air inlet pipe 6, using existing technology.

Adopting the present invention's system and process for treating the residual material and gas of a shotcrete machine based on cyclone separation and recovery, the generation of vortex inside the shotcrete machine can be increased, the residual material and residual gas can be reduced, and the work efficiency can be improved. At the same time, the dust reduction rate can reach 79% during use. %, the dust reduction effect is remarkable.

Other parts not mentioned are the same as the existing technology.

In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stated and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. If the connection method is not specified, mature bolts in the prior art will be used. , rivets, welding and other conventional means. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

Of course, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the essential scope of the present invention should also fall within the scope of the present invention. protection scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The treatment process for the residual material and residual gas of the shotcrete machine based on cyclone separation and recovery uses a treatment system for the residual material and residual gas of the shotcrete machine based on cyclone separation and recovery. The system includes a push chain shotcrete machine, and its characteristics The remaining material port of the shotcrete machine is equipped with a cyclone separator through a sealed connecting tube; A venturi injector is installed between the outlet at the top of the cyclone separator through the residual air transport pipe and the main air inlet pipe of the shotcrete machine and the air inlet of the shotcrete machine; An orifice plate is provided in the air inlet of the shotcrete machine and on the upper part of the discharge cylinder; Wherein, the cyclone separator includes an inlet pipe section, a column section, a cone section, and an overflow pipe. An underflow outlet is provided at the bottom of the cone section, and a residual material collection box is installed at the underflow outlet; the inlet pipe section is arranged in the column section in a circular tangent manner. On the upper side of the overflow pipe, an overflow outlet is set at the top of the overflow pipe, and the overflow outlet is connected to the residual gas delivery pipe; the diameter of the column section is equal to the height of the column section, the diameter of the overflow pipe is half of the diameter of the column section, and the bottom end of the overflow pipe Located in the center of the column section, the height of the inlet pipe section is half the height of the column section, and the height of the cone section is three times the height of the column section; The end of the inlet pipe section of the cyclone separator is adapted and sealingly connected to the part connected to the sealed connecting tube, and the overflow outlet is sealingly connected to the branch pipe of the Venturi ejector through the residual gas delivery pipe; The Venturi ejector also includes a main pipe and a throat. An inlet is provided on one side of the main pipe and an outlet is provided on the other side. A contraction section is provided between the main pipe and the throat on the inlet side, and between the main pipe and the throat on the outlet side. A diffusion section is provided, a branch pipe is provided on one side of the contraction section and the throat pipe, and a cavity is provided between the connection between the contraction section, the throat pipe and the branch pipe; the outlet is connected to the air inlet of the shotcrete machine; The upper part of the discharge cylinder of the shotcrete machine is connected to and overlaps with the sealing cylinder, and the orifice plate is installed at the top of the overlap between the discharge cylinder and the sealing cylinder in the air inlet of the shotcrete machine; the orifice plate is a curved surface, and The bending radius of the sealing cylinder is the same, and it is installed horizontally at the connection between the inner side of the discharge cylinder and the top of the sealing cylinder, and maintains frictional contact with the piston on the push chain; the orifice plate is a rectangular curved surface, and is arranged in uniform rows Distributed circular holes, of which 5 are evenly arranged laterally along the long side, 4 are distributed along the short side, and the distance between the two rows in the middle is greater than the distance between the two rows on both sides; The process includes the following steps: (1) Install a cyclone separator at the remaining material port, and install a Venturi injector between the overflow outlet at the top of the cyclone separator through the residual air delivery pipe, the main air inlet pipe, and the air inlet of the shotcrete machine, and install the holes plate; (2) After the mixed flow of residual material and residual gas is discharged from the residual material port, it quickly enters the interior of the cyclone separator in a tangential direction. Under the action of wind pressure, it performs an external swirling motion along the inner wall of the cyclone separator and enters In the cone section, the radius of the external swirl flow gradually shrinks, and the residual gas breaks away from the external swirl flow and makes an internal swirl movement toward the central axis of the cyclone separator, and is finally discharged from the overflow outlet. The moist residual material continues to swirl along the inner wall to reach The bottom flow outlet realizes solid-gas separation; the remaining gas enters the branch pipe of the Venturi ejector; (3) After the residual air enters from the branch pipe of the Venturi ejector, the high-pressure air output by the compressed fan passes through the main pipe and the contraction section in sequence from the Venturi ejector inlet, and then mixes with the residual air entering from the branch pipe in the throat, and passes through the diffusion section from The venturi ejector is discharged from the outlet and enters the air inlet of the shotcrete machine to complete the recovery of residual air. 2. The spraying machine residual gas treatment process based on cyclone separation and recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter ratio of the throat of the Venturi ejector to the main pipe is 0.8; the shrinkage The distance between the end of the segment and the throat is 1/2 the diameter of the throat. 3. The spraying machine residual gas treatment process based on cyclone separation and recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that the contraction angle at the entrance of the contraction section is 25.0°, and the diffusion angle at the outlet of the diffusion section is 10°. 4. The spraying machine residual gas treatment process based on cyclone separation and recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that, along the long side transversely, the distance between the centers of each round hole and the distance between the outer round hole and the short side The distances are equal; vertically along the short side, the distance between the centers of the two outer rows of round holes is equal to the distance between the outer round holes and the long side.