CN116574978B - 一种多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 9
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
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- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910011214 Ti—Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000621 Ultra-high-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001039 duplex stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
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- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板及其制造方法,属于钢铁制备技术领域。本发明所述钢板的化学成分按重量百分比计如下:C:0.20~0.30%、Si:4.0%~5.0%、Mn:0.80%~0.90%、P≤0.015%、S≤0.005%、Cr:1.0%~2.0%、Ni:0.10%~0.20%、Mo:2.0%~3.0%,Nb:0.01~0.02%,Ti:0.02~0.03%,Cu:0.80~0.90%,V:0.02~0.03%,B:0.001~0.002%,Als:2%~3%,N:0.06%~0.08%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质,本发明采用微合金化+高温短时均质化处理+两阶段轧制+固溶热处理+淬火热处理等组织细化技术实现微观复合组织的细化,使得中碳钢不仅具有较高的室温强度,而且具有良好的室温塑性以及较高的硬度,使其在压力容器设备制造领域有望获得广泛的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于钢铁制备技术领域,具体涉及一种多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板及其制造方法。
背景技术
传统的观点认为,中碳钢可以获得高的硬度和强度,适于用作对韧性要求不高的工具钢、模具钢的生产,但是因其脆性大而不能用于压力容器等结构材料的生产。随着行业的不断发展,设备的发展方向趋于大型化,两阶段热处理化,长期服役化,这就对设备制造的原材料提出了更高的要求,传统的低碳合金容器钢板的强韧性已无法满足高端压力容器设备的制造要求。众所周知,材料的性能取决于组织类型,组织均匀细化,将大大提高材料的综合力学性能,实现强韧性的高匹配度。
申请号为201710037112.8的发明专利公开风电增速箱外主轴用大规格42CrMo4调质钢制造工艺,该专利中采用模铸+3500t快锻机锻造工艺,生成成本较高,能耗大,生产节奏缓慢,产品的板型和性能均匀性较差。申请号为CN201710919045.2的发明专利公开了一种实现低活化铁素体/马氏体钢组织细化的正火方法,正火工艺以50~60℃/s加热到900~930℃,保温1~2s,然后空冷至室温20~25℃,用以细化双相不锈钢组织。该发明只提供热处理工艺,没有明确轧制工艺,也没有明确提出组织细化的程度和等级。截止目前,低碳钢已成功地实现了组织细化,但中高碳钢组织细化的相关研究还未见报道。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明的目的是提供了一种多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板及其制造方法,本发明采用微合金化+高温短时均质化处理+两阶段轧制+固溶热处理+淬火热处理等组织细化技术实现微观复合组织的细化,使得中碳钢不仅具有高的室温强度,而且具有良好的室温塑性,通过热处理,使其获得较高的硬度。经上述处理后可得到完全球化的显微组织,珠光体的晶粒尺寸达1.0~3.0μm,铁素体晶粒尺寸达2.0~4.0μm,同时具有良好的综合力学性能,中碳钢的这种良好的工艺性能和力学性能,使其在压力容器设备制造领域有望获得广泛的应用。
本发明目的是通过以下方式实现:
本发明技术方案之一是提供一种多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板,所述钢板的化学成分按重量百分比计如下:C:0.20~0.30%、Si:4.0%~5.0%、Mn:0.80%~0.90%、P≤0.015%、S≤0.005%、Cr:1.0%~2.0%、Ni:0.10%~0.20%、Mo:2.0%~3.0%,Nb:0.01~0.02%,Ti:0.02~0.03%,Cu:0.80~0.90%,V:0.02~0.03%,B:0.001~0.002%,Als:2%~3%,N:0.06%~0.08%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质。
采用上述成分设计的理由如下:
C:C为钢种主要组成元素,钢的强度主要取决于钢中C元素的含量,过高的C元素含量会导致钢的韧性、塑性和焊接性能较差;过低的C元素含量会导致钢的强度和模拟消应力处理后的性能较低。为了保证钢板在使用过程中具有良好的低温冲击韧性、强度和焊接性能的匹配,因此本发明要求钢中C含量宜控制在0.20~0.30%范围内。
Si:中碳钢中添加Si,对铁-碳系热力学及碳化物形成和溶解的动力学产生影响。硅作为珠光体稳定化元素,将提高钢的Ac1点。硅的加入致使共析成分的碳含量降低,从而增加先共析碳化物的数量,使得在γ+θ两相区用于钉扎晶界的碳化物的体积分数增加。这样不仅珠光体和奥氏体晶粒的长大得到抑制。硅不溶于碳化物,当碳化物析出时,硅分布在碳化物周围,局部形成硅的高浓度区。硅又是提高碳活度的元素。在硅的高浓度区中,碳的活度也相应提高,这就使碳向碳化物的扩散流量减少,因而可以抑制碳化物的粗化,因此本发明的Si含量控制在4.0%~5.0%。
Mn:Mn元素在钢种能够通过固溶强化的方式强化珠光体,C-Mn强化也是低碳钢的提高强度的主要方式,但是Mn含量过高,增加生产成本的同时,Mn元素易和S元素结合生成MnS,降低材料抗氢致裂纹开裂能力,同时过高的Mn含量将降低碳元素的的活度,因此本发明要求钢中Mn含量控制在0.80-0.90%。
P:磷是钢中有害元素,增加钢的冷脆性,使焊接性能变坏,降低塑性,使冷弯性能变坏,并且P对辐照脆化也特别敏感。因此要求钢中的P含量越低越好,本发明要求低于0.015%。
S:硫在通常情况下是有害元素。S通常易与钢中的合金元素形成脆性硫化物,使钢产生热脆性,降低钢的延展性和韧性,同时S也有加速辐照脆化的倾向。因此本发明要求钢中S含量应限制在0.005%以下。
Als:利用铝合金化同样可以提高钢的Ac1点,使先共析渗碳体细化且分布均匀,抑制网状碳化物的形成,添加铝后,晶界碳化物及魏氏组织碳化物均消失,得到细化的完全珠光体组织。因此本发明要求钢中Al含量为2%~3%。
V:V属于微合金元素,钢中V微合金化能够形成细小的第二相粒子,起到钉扎晶界和析出强化的作用,能够有效地细化晶粒,大大提高钢的强度、韧性、延展性及抗热疲劳性等综合机械性能,因此钢中加入V的范围为0.02-0.03%。
Ni:Ni是钢中固溶强化元素可以提高钢的强度,Ni通过降低钢种位错运动阻力,使应力松弛,进而改变基体组织的亚结构,从而提高钢的韧性,特别是低温韧性,但中碳钢中过高的Ni含量会提高相变温度,因此Ni含量控制在0.10-0.20%。
Cr:铬是稳定碳化物的元素,添加铬使碳化物的溶解速率降低。因此,在采用热形变组织细化工艺时,即使提高加热温度或延长加热时间,仍能避免发生共析转变,获得细化组织。铬还能抑制含硅、铝超高碳钢石墨化。因此本发明要求钢中Cr含量控制为1.0-2.0%。
Cu:Cu在钢中的突出作用是改善普碳低合金钢的抗腐蚀性能,还能提高钢的强度和屈强比,而对焊接性能却没有不利的影响。铜含量超过0.75%时,经固溶处理和时效后,可产生时效强化作用。同时其作用与镍相似,可起到一定的节镍降本的作用。但含量较高时,在热变形加工时导致铜脆现象。因此本发明要求钢中Cu含量控制为0.80-0.90%。
Nb:Nb作为强碳化物形成元素在钢种形成弥散度大,高温稳定性良好的NbC相,起沉淀强化作用,通过多阶段轧制可有效细化晶粒,改善因析出强化造成的韧性降低,从而使钢板获得高强度、高韧性的综合性能。另外在Nb-Mo复合添加的钢中,Mo还能在NbC基体界面上偏聚,阻止了NbC颗粒的粗化,从而大大提高了钢的高温强度,因此Nb含量控制在0.01-0.02%。
Mo:Mo主要依靠固溶强化及晶界强化来提高钢的强度;其次Mo增加了过冷奥氏体的稳定性,使奥氏体向珠光体转变曲线右移,相变后得到更加细小的珠光体组织;另外Ti和Mo结合,在钢中大量析出纳米尺寸Ti-Mo(CN)碳化物,细化的碳化物钉扎位错,大大提高钢的强韧性,因此本发明要求钢中Mo含量控制为2.0%~3.0%。
Ti:加入适量的Ti,可形成大量弥散分布的细小TiN或Ti2O3质点,它们可作为组织凝固时针状珠光体的非均质形核核心,从而细化组织。Ti还具有脱氧作用,保证B不被氧化和氮化。而B能降低奥氏体至珠光体相的转变温度,促使晶粒内针状珠光体的形成,起到细化晶粒的作用。但当w(Ti)≥0.09%时,会减少针状珠光体含量,使钢板低温韧性恶化,因此本发明要求钢中Ti含量控制为0.02-0.03%。
B:B能降低奥氏体至珠光体相的转变温度,促使晶粒内针状珠光体的形成,起到细化晶粒的作用。因此本发明要求钢中B含量控制为0.001-0.002%。
N:N可与Ti结合,可形成大量弥散分布的细小TiN,它们可作为组织凝固时针状珠光体的非均质形核核心,从而细化组织。因此本发明要求钢中N含量控制为0.06-0.08%。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,所述钢板的微观组织为完全球化的显微组织,珠光体的晶粒尺寸达1.0~3.0μm,铁素体晶粒尺寸达2.0~4.0μm。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,所述钢板的抗拉强度650~790MPa,屈服强度425~625MPa,断后延伸率20~30%,0℃冲击功260~360J,表面布氏硬度340~440HBW,450℃高温拉伸屈服强度315~455MPa。
本发明技术方案之二是提供一种上述的多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板的制造方法,主要包括高温短时均质化处理、两阶段轧制、固溶热处理和淬火热处理,包括以下步骤:
(1)高温短时均质化处理:将连铸坯在1130~1170℃下保温1-2h,进行单相奥氏体区内均匀化退火,充分溶解碳元素;
(2)两阶段轧制:均质化处理后的连铸坯热送至轧机进行轧制,粗轧开轧温度1080~1110℃,终轧温度810~840℃,每道次压下率15%~25%,空冷至600-650℃进行精轧,终轧温度510~620℃,每道次压下率5%~15%,至最终成品厚度;
(3)固溶热处理:固溶热处理的制度为1040~1060℃,净保温50-70min,最后水冷至室温;
(4)淬火热处理:在高于Ac1温度10~30℃区间内进行奥氏体化,净保温时间为20~40min,出炉水冷至室温。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,步骤(1)中所述的连铸坯的厚度为150-350mm。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,步骤(1)中均质化温度为1140~1160℃。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,步骤(2)的中间坯厚度为2-3倍的成品钢板厚度。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,步骤(2)中粗轧开轧温度1094~1109℃,终轧温度812~839℃,精轧开轧温度640~650℃,终轧温度524~617℃。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,步骤(3)中固溶热处理的温度为1041~1058℃,净保温时间为52-69min。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,步骤(4)中所述的奥氏体化温度为960~980℃。
本发明相对于现有技术具有的有益效果如下:
本发明采用高温短时均质化处理,进行单相奥氏体区内均匀化退火,充分溶解碳元素;然后采用两阶段轧制,有助于破碎奥氏体析出的先共析渗碳体,避免形成网状碳化物;固溶处理将合金元素加热至高温单相区恒温保持,使过剩的合金元素化合物充分溶解到固溶体中后快速冷却,以得到过饱和固溶体,细化晶粒的同时,提高产品的塑性和韧性;最终淬火热处理使原始奥氏体晶粒进一步细化,所以相变后珠光体的晶粒也得到充分细化,经上述处理后可得到完全球化的显微组织,珠光体的晶粒尺寸达1.0~3.0μm,铁素体晶粒尺寸达2.0~4.0μm。最终所述成品钢板的抗拉强度650~790MPa,屈服强度425~625MPa,断后延伸率20~30%,0℃冲击功260~360J,表面布氏硬度340~440HBW,450℃高温拉伸屈服强度315~455MPa。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例,下面将对实施例涉及的附图进行简单地介绍。
图1为实施例1制备的钢板的金相图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的说明,但本发明的实施方式不限于此,显而易见地,下面描述中的实施例仅是本发明的部分实施例,对于本领域技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,获得其他的类似的实施例均落入本发明的保护范围。
实施例1-6
本实施例提供一种两阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板的制造方法,钢板的化学成分及重量百分比见表1;
表1实施例1-6的钢坯的化学成分及重量百分比(wt%)
包括如下步骤:
(1)高温短时均质化处理:将厚度为150-350mm断面连铸坯直接热装加热炉内,在1145~1160℃下保温1.2-1.8h,进行单相奥氏体区内均匀化退火,充分溶解碳元素;
(2)两阶段轧制:均质化处理后,连铸坯热送至双机架轧机进行轧制,首先对连铸坯粗轧开坯,使先共析渗碳体以细小颗粒的形式在奥氏体晶界和晶内高密度位错区域形成,粗轧开轧温度1094~1109℃,终轧温度812~839℃,保证每道次压下率16%~25%,中间坯厚度为2-3倍的成品钢板厚度,粗轧后中间坯辊道往复摆动空冷待温到640-650℃进行连续多道次快速精轧,终轧温度524~617℃,保证每道次压下率5%~15%,至最终成品厚度,这一过程中的热形变有助于破碎奥氏体析出的先共析渗碳体,避免形成网状碳化物,高温短时均质化处理和两阶段轧制主要工艺参数见表2;
表2实施例1-6的高温短时均质化处理及两阶段轧制的主要工艺参数
(3)固溶热处理:固溶热处理制度为在1041~1058℃下净保温52-69min,最后水冷至室温。通过固溶处理将合金元素加热至高温单相区恒温保持,使过剩的合金元素化合物充分溶解到固溶体中后快速冷却,以得到过饱和固溶体,细化晶粒的同时,提高产品的塑性和韧性。
(4)淬火热处理:在高于Ac1温度(经测定为950℃)10~30℃区间内进行较短时间的奥氏体化,净保温20~40min,出炉水冷至室温,进行短时淬火热处理,使原始奥氏体晶粒进一步细化,所以相变后珠光体的晶粒也得到细化,经上述处理后可得到完全球化的显微组织,珠光体的晶粒尺寸达1.0~3.0μm,铁素体晶粒尺寸达2.0~4.0μm,钢板获得良好的力学性能,固溶热处理和淬火热处理主要工艺参数见表3,制得的钢板晶粒尺寸和综合力学性能见表4。
表3实施例1-6的钢固溶热处理和淬火热处理主要工艺参数
表4实施例1-6的钢板晶粒尺寸和综合力学性能
为了表述本发明,在上述中通过实施例对本发明恰当且充分地进行了说明,以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明,而并非对本发明的限制,有关技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,还可以做出各种变化和变型,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板的化学成分按重量百分比计如下:C:0.20~0.30%、Si:4.0%~5.0%、Mn:0.80%~0.90%、P≤0.015%、S≤0.005%、Cr:1.0%~2.0%、Ni:0.10%~0.20%、Mo:2.0%~3.0%,Nb:0.01~0.02%,Ti:0.02~0.03%,Cu:0.80~0.90%,V:0.02~0.03%,B:0.001~0.002%,Als:2%~3%,N:0.06%~0.08%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质;
所述的多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板的制造方法主要包括高温短时均质化处理、两阶段轧制、固溶热处理和淬火热处理,包括以下步骤:
(1)高温短时均质化处理:将连铸坯在1130~1170℃下保温1-2h,进行单相奥氏体区内均匀化退火,充分溶解碳元素;
(2)两阶段轧制:均质化处理后的连铸坯热送至轧机进行轧制,粗轧开轧温度1080~1110℃,终轧温度810~840℃,每道次压下率15%~25%,空冷至600-650℃进行精轧,终轧温度510~620℃,每道次压下率5%~15%,至最终成品厚度;
(3)固溶热处理:固溶热处理的制度为1040~1060℃,净保温50-70min,最后水冷至室温;
(4)淬火热处理:在高于Ac1温度10~30℃区间内进行奥氏体化,净保温时间为20~40min,出炉水冷至室温。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板的微观组织为完全球化的显微组织,珠光体的晶粒尺寸达1.0~3.0μm,铁素体晶粒尺寸达2.0~4.0μm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板,其特征在于,所述钢板的抗拉强度650~790MPa,屈服强度425~625MPa,断后延伸率20~30%,0℃冲击功260~360J,表面布氏硬度340~440HBW,450℃高温拉伸屈服强度315~455MPa。
4.根据权利要求1所述的多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的连铸坯的厚度为150-350mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板,其特征在于,步骤(1)中均质化温度为1140~1160℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述的多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板,其特征在于,步骤(2)的中间坯厚度为2-3倍的成品钢板厚度。
7.根据权利要求1所述的多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板,其特征在于,步骤(2)中粗轧开轧温度1094~1109℃,终轧温度812~839℃,精轧开轧温度640~650℃,终轧温度524~617℃。
8.根据权利要求1所述的多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板,其特征在于,步骤(3)中固溶热处理的温度为1041~1058℃,净保温时间为52-69min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的多阶段热处理细晶压力容器钢板,其特征在于,步骤(4)中所述的奥氏体化温度为960~980℃。
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