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CN116572606A - 底板保护面板及具有底板保护面板的机动车辆 - Google Patents

底板保护面板及具有底板保护面板的机动车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116572606A
CN116572606A CN202310094645.5A CN202310094645A CN116572606A CN 116572606 A CN116572606 A CN 116572606A CN 202310094645 A CN202310094645 A CN 202310094645A CN 116572606 A CN116572606 A CN 116572606A
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intermediate layer
floor
mechanical properties
region
protection panel
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P·克尔纳
C·沃尔克默
S·弗里斯
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
    • B60R13/0861—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation for covering undersurfaces of vehicles, e.g. wheel houses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20—Floors or bottom sub-units
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有多层面板结构的底板保护面板(1)，所述多层面板结构具有第一外层(13)、第二外层(14)和布置在所述第一层(13)与所述第二层(14)之间的至少一个中间层(15)，其中所述中间层(15)构造为能压缩的中间层(15)，其中所述能压缩的中间层(15)的机械特性在所述中间层(15)的表面中变化。本发明还涉及一种具有此类底板保护面板(1)的机动车辆(2)。

Description

底板保护面板及具有底板保护面板的机动车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种底板保护面板和具有底板保护面板的机动车辆。
背景技术
机动车辆通常具有底板，其可借助于底板保护面板保护而免于力从下方的引入。例如，此类机动车辆是具有地板电池(Unterflurbatterie底置电池)的电动车辆，其包括在地板电池与道路之间的此类底板保护面板，以便保护地板电池免受底板上的冲击。众所周知，机动车辆在粗糙的地形上或甚至在道路等上可能以其底板而遇到局部抬高，因此可能会局部发生力非期望地引入底板中。底板和布置在底板上方的机动车辆的元件或集群可能非期望地受损，这要避免。
出于此原因，前述底板保护面板已例如从DE 10 2019 206 646 A1中已知。DE 102019 206 646 A1中已知的底板保护面板直接位于地板电池下方。其作为夹层布置形成为三层，其中顶部覆盖层布置在顶部处，底部覆盖层布置在底部处，并且在它们之间的层以泡沫填料作为填充材料。
泡沫填料形成可压缩中间层，其在力的局部引入情况下在底板保护面板的每个点处局部地压缩，并且随着较高力的引入，在局部上将力传递到布置在其上方的地板电池上。这当然也具有缺点，即在相当不适合此目的的区域中也可能局部地将力引入到地板电池中，因为在这些区域中，地板电池的局部机械稳定性相当低。
发明内容
本发明解决了创造提供改进的保护的底板保护面板的问题。其还解决了创造具有改进的底板保护的机动车辆的问题。
关于底板保护面板的该问题通过本发明的底板保护面板的特征来解决。
本发明的实施例实例涉及一种具有多层面板结构的底板保护面板，所述多层面板结构具有第一外层、第二外层和布置在第一层与第二层之间的至少一个中间层，其中所述中间层构造为可压缩中间层，其中所述可压缩中间层的机械特性在所述中间层的表面中变化。在这样做时，实现了底板保护面板具有在表面中分布的不同的稳定特性和不同阻尼特性，并且在一些地方允许比在其它位置更好地在底板保护面板上方的结构上引入力。因此，由于其设计，可在底板更稳定的位置有意地增加力的引入，并且可在底板较软的位置构造更强的阻尼。
根据有利的实施例实例，当第一层和第二层构造成基本上不可压缩并且由例如基本上不可压缩的塑料材料、CFK材料、GFK材料和/或金属层构成时，这也是适宜的。在这种情况下，不可压缩意指与可压缩中间层相比，两个外层可压缩性明显更小，特别是至少比中间层可压缩性低10、100或更多倍。这实现了在表面上的更均匀的力分布和底板保护面板的更好的永久稳定性。
在另一实施例实例中，当中间层由至少一种材料构成，所述至少一种材料的机械特性在中间层的表面中变化时，这也是适宜的，其中机械特性的变化逐步或连续进行。例如，压缩模量、密度和/或泡沫硬度可在表面中变化，以便实现不同的机械特性。在此情况下，例如，连续或逐步的改变可为适宜的。然而，特别地，不同的材料也可布置成在表面上分布，以便在表面上分布不同的机械特性。在此情况下，例如，逐步的改变可为适宜的。
在另一实施例实例中，当中间层由至少一种材料(诸如特别是泡沫材料)构成，其机械特性(诸如特别是其密度、泡沫硬度、压缩模量和/或空气含量)在中间层的表面中变化，和/或中间层由多种材料(诸如特别是多个泡沫材料)构成，其机械特性(诸如特别是其密度、泡沫硬度、压缩模量和/或空气含量)变化并且布置成用于相应地以在中间层的表面中分布的方式实现机械特性的变化时，这也是适宜的。例如，具有不同泡沫材料的不同元件可布置成分布在表面中，以便在表面中产生和分布不同的机械特性。
当中间层包括具有第一机械特性的至少一个第一区域、具有第二机械特性的至少一个第二区域和可选地包括具有第三机械特性的至少一个第三区域时，这也是有利的，其中特别地，中间层包括多个具有第一机械特性的第一区域、多个具有第二机械特性的第二区域和可选地多个具有第三机械特性的第三区域。在这样做时，可实现中间层并且因此也是底板保护面板的机械特性的合适调制。
关于机动车辆的目的由本发明的机动车辆的特征解决。
本发明的一个实施例实例涉及一种具有车身和底板的机动车辆，其中在所述底板的区域中，构造或布置有机械结构，例如是地板电池的电池壳体，所述机械结构具有局部不同的压力稳定性，其中根据本发明的底板保护面板布置在所述底板下方。因此，可针对底板或其结构的压力稳定性的调制来调整底板保护面板的机械设计，这代表优于现有技术的显著改善。
在一个实施例实例中，当底板的机械结构的高压力稳定性的区域由底板的，特别是电池壳体的分隔壁、腹板或其它增强件构成或引起时，这也是适宜的，其中与所述高压力稳定性的区域相邻地布置或构造有底板的机械结构的、具有较低的压力稳定性的区域。通过设计带有具有例如基本上竖直分隔壁的电池壳体的底板，可以例如调制底板的局部高压力稳定性，以便能够将电池单元布置在分隔壁之间。然后，较低压力稳定性的区域可为电池单元布置在其中的区域。在较低压力稳定性的此类区域中，优选在竖直方向上引入的力比在具有其高压力稳定性的分隔壁的区域中的力少。
当底板保护面板以这样的方式布置和构造，使得中间层的具有更稳定的机械特性(诸如特别是较高的压缩模量)的区域布置在底板的机械结构的较高压力稳定性的区域下方，并且中间层的具有不太稳定的机械特性(诸如特别是较低的压缩模量)的区域布置在底板的机械结构的较低压力稳定性的区域下方，特别地与所述底板的机械结构的较高压力稳定性的区域相邻地布置时，这也是有利的。因此，在高压力稳定性的区域中发生了将力定向引入到底板的结构中。这保持了较低压力稳定性的区域。
当底板保护面板布置和构造成使得中间层的机械特性随着距底板的机械结构的较高压力稳定性的区域的距离增加而降低时，这也是有利的。因此实现了力的合适分布。
当底板保护面板在高压力稳定性的区域处贴靠在底板的机械结构上时，特别是当贴靠构件中间放置在机械结构与底板保护面板之间时，这也特别有利。该贴靠引起直接的力引入，这是有利的。贴靠构件可以作为一种振动阻尼元件提供，当底板保护面板在底板保护面板的振动期间不断撞击底板时，所述振动阻尼元件可以安全地防止发出嘎嘎声。
附图标记
下面参考附图使用了实施例实例对本发明进行详细描述。附图示出了：
图1是具有根据本发明的底板保护面板的根据本发明的机动车辆的实施例实例的示意图，
图2是具有根据本发明的底板保护面板的地板电池的示意性横截面图，以及
图3是具有示意性提出的地板电池的壳体结构的底板保护面板的示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种底板保护面板1和具有此类底板保护面板1的机动车辆2。
图1示出了具有车身3和底板4的机动车辆2。
机动车辆2大体上具有纵向方向x、竖直方向z和横向方向y。纵向方向x在行进方向上对准。
在底板4的区域中，提供了机械结构5，其可由底板4自身或由布置在底板4中的构件或集群形成。在本实施例实例中，地板电池6布置在底板4中，其形成或代表机械结构5。
地板电池6包括具有分隔壁8的电池壳体7，其中电池单元10布置在单独的壳体室9中。地板电池6还可构造有布置成彼此邻近的多个电池模块11。
由于分隔壁8或电池壳体7的其它结构元件，因此具有地板电池6的底板4构造有区域变化的压力稳定性。在分隔壁8或垂直壳体壁12的区域中，垂直方向上的压力稳定性特别高，而相比之下，在分隔壁8和/或垂直壳体壁12之间，压力稳定性降低，即特别在电池单元10的布置的区域中。
在底板4下方，布置了底板保护面板1。
底板保护面板1(见图2)具有多层面板结构。底板保护面板1的面板结构是具有第一外层13、第二外层14和布置在第一层13与第二层14之间的至少一个中间层15的至少三层。
例如，第一层13和第二层14比中间层15更薄。
在一个实例中，第一层13和第二层14是水平的。它们可以单独地或一起地调制，而且相对于它们的表面在高度和深度方面也进行调制。
例如，第一层13和第二层14基本上不可压缩。例如，它们由基本上不可压缩的塑料材料、CFK材料、GFK材料和/或金属层构成。
中间层15构造为可压缩中间层15。可压缩中间层15的机械特性在中间层15的表面中变化。这意味着可压缩中间层15具有在表面中可压缩特性的变化。
中间层15由其机械可压缩特性在中间层15的表面中变化的至少一种材料构成，其中机械可压缩特性的变化逐步或连续进行。中间层15还可能由多种材料构成，特别地是具有不同机械可压缩特性的两种、三种或更多种材料。
根据一个实施例实例，中间层15由至少一种材料(诸如泡沫材料)构成，其机械特性(诸如特别是其密度、泡沫硬度、压缩模量和/或空气含量)在中间层的表面中变化，和/或中间层15由多种材料(诸如特别是多个泡沫材料)构成，其机械特性(诸如特别是其密度、泡沫硬度、压缩模量和/或空气含量)变化或不同，并且布置成在中间层15的表面中分布以便实现机械特性的变化。
图2和3示出其中中间层15包括具有第一机械特性的至少第一区域16和具有第二机械特性的至少第二区域17的实例。可选地，中间层15还可具有至少一个第三区域，其具有第三机械特性。
有利地，根据图2和3的中间层15包括多个具有第一机械特性的第一区域16和多个具有第二机械特性的第二区域17，其中还可任选地提供多个具有第三机械特性的第三区域。
在图2和3中，提供了多个第一区域16和多个第二区域17，其呈条形并且交替地邻近彼此布置。
图2和图3示出，由于分隔壁8或电池壳体7的其它结构元件，底板4构造成在一些区域中具有不同水平的压力稳定性，见壳体壁12。在分隔壁8或垂直壳体壁12的区域中，垂直方向上的压力稳定性特别高，而相比之下，在分隔壁8和/或垂直壳体壁12之间，压力稳定性降低，即特别在电池单元10的布置的区域中。在x方向上，高压力稳定性的区域18与低压力稳定性的区域19交替。因此，原则上，底板4的机械结构的高压力稳定性的区域18由底板4的，特别是电池壳体7的分隔壁8、腹板或其它增强件形成或引起，其中邻近其的底板4的机械结构的区域布置或构造成具有较低压力稳定性19。
如图2和3中所示，底板保护面板1以这样的方式布置和构造，使得具有更稳定的机械特性(诸如特别是较高的压缩模量)的中间层15的区域17布置在底板4的机械结构的较高压力稳定性的区域18下方，并且具有不太稳定的机械特性(诸如特别是较低的压缩模量)的中间层15的区域16布置在底板4的机械结构的较低压力稳定性的区域19下方，特别地邻近于所述底板的机械结构的较高压力稳定性的区域18。
底板保护面板1的具有较高机械特性的条带17布置在底板4的高压力稳定性的区域18下方，而底板保护面板1的具有较低机械特性的条带16布置在底板4的较低压力稳定性的区域19下方。
底板保护面板1还可布置和构造成使得中间层15的机械特性随着距底板4的机械结构的较高压力稳定性的区域18的横向距离增加而减小。这种减少可以是逐步的或连续的。
根据图2，还可以看到，底板保护面板1在高压力稳定性的区域18处贴靠在底板4的机械结构上。这种贴靠可为直接的，或者其也可以在贴靠构件20中间放置在底板4的机械结构与底板保护面板1之间的情况下进行。例如，非织造材料、泡沫材料或橡胶材料可以提供为贴靠构件20，例如对应的垫状物等。
附图标记列表
1底板保护面板
2机动车辆
3主体
4底板
5机械结构
6地板电池
7电池壳体
8分隔壁
9壳体室
10电池单元
11电池模块
12壳体壁
13第一外层
14第二外层
15中间层
16第一区域/具有不太稳定的机械特性的区域
17第二区域/具有更稳定机械特性的区域
18高压力稳定性
19低压力稳定性
20贴靠构件

Claims (10)

1.一种具有多层面板结构的底板保护面板(1)，所述多层面板结构具有第一外层(13)、第二外层(14)和布置在所述第一层(13)与所述第二层(14)之间的至少一个中间层(15)，其中所述中间层(15)构造为能压缩的中间层(15)，其中该能压缩的中间层(15)的机械特性在所述中间层(15)的表面中变化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的底板保护面板(1)，其特征在于，所述第一层(13)和所述第二层(14)构造成基本上不能压缩，并且例如由基本上不能压缩的塑料材料、CFK材料、GFK材料和/或金属层构成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的底板保护面板(1)，其特征在于，所述中间层(15)由至少一种材料构成，所述至少一种材料的机械特性在所述中间层(15)的表面中变化，其中所述机械特性的变化逐步地或连续发生。
4.根据权利要求3所述的底板保护面板(1)，其特征在于，所述中间层(15)由至少一种材料、诸如特别是泡沫材料构成，所述至少一种材料的机械特性、诸如特别是其密度、泡沫硬度、压缩模量和/或空气含量在所述中间层(15)的表面中变化，和/或所述中间层(15)由多种材料、诸如特别是泡沫材料构成，所述多种材料的机械特性、诸如特别是其密度、泡沫硬度、压缩模量和/或空气含量变化并且布置成用于相应地以在所述中间层(15)的表面中分布的方式实现所述机械特性的变化。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的底板保护面板(1)，其特征在于，所述中间层(15)包括具有第一机械特性的至少一个第一区域(16)、具有第二机械特性的至少一个第二区域(17)和可选地包括具有第三机械特性的至少一个第三区域，特别地所述中间层(15)包括具有第一机械特性的多个第一区域(16)、具有第二机械特性的多个第二区域(17)和可选地包括具有第三机械特性的多个第三区域。
6.一种机动车辆(2)，其具有车身(3)和底板(4)，其中在所述底板(4)的区域中，构造或布置有机械结构(5)，例如是地板电池(6)的电池壳体(7)，所述机械结构具有局部不同的压力稳定性(18)，其中在所述底板(4)下方布置有根据前述权利要求中至少一项所述的底板保护面板(1)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的机动车辆(2)，其特征在于，所述底板(4)的机械结构(5)的高压力稳定性的区域(18)由所述底板(4)的，特别是所述电池壳体(7)的分隔壁(8)、腹板或其它增强件构成或引起，其中与所述高压力稳定性的区域相邻地布置或构造有所述底板(4)的机械结构(5)的、具有较低压力稳定性(19)的区域。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的机动车辆(2)，其特征在于，所述底板保护面板(1)布置和构造成使得所述中间层(15)的具有更稳定的机械特性、诸如特别是具有较高压缩模量的区域(17)布置在所述底板(4)的机械结构(5)的较高压力稳定性的区域(18)下方，并且所述中间层(15)的具有不太稳定的机械特性、诸如特别是具有较低压缩模量的区域(16)布置在所述底板(4)的机械结构(5)的较低压力稳定性的区域(19)下方，特别地与所述底板(4)的机械结构(5)的较高压力稳定性的区域(18)相邻地布置。
9.根据权利要求8所述的机动车辆(2)，其特征在于，所述底板保护面板(1)布置和构造成使得所述中间层(15)的机械特性随着距所述底板(4)的机械结构(5)的较高压力稳定性的区域(18)的距离增加而降低。
10.根据前述权利要求6至9中任一项所述的机动车辆(2)，其特征在于，所述底板保护面板(1)在高压力稳定性的区域(18)处贴靠在所述底板(4)的机械结构(5)上，特别是在贴靠构件(20)中间放置在所述机械结构(5)与所述底板保护面板(1)之间的情况下。
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US12221165B2 (en) 2025-02-11

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