CN116520602A - Display device and electronic apparatus - Google Patents
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- CN116520602A CN116520602A CN202310453041.5A CN202310453041A CN116520602A CN 116520602 A CN116520602 A CN 116520602A CN 202310453041 A CN202310453041 A CN 202310453041A CN 116520602 A CN116520602 A CN 116520602A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1345—Conductors connecting electrodes to cell terminals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
- G09F9/35—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being liquid crystals
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a display device and an electronic device, wherein the display device comprises a transparent display panel and an optical adjustment layer, and the transparent display panel comprises a plurality of pixel units; the optical adjusting layer is arranged on the backlight side of the transparent display panel and is configured to change the light transmittance of the optical adjusting layer so as to adjust the transparency of the display device. The display device and the electronic equipment can improve the screen contrast value of the display device and the display effect of the display device.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display device and an electronic device.
Background
In the related art, when the transparent display device is disposed in an outdoor environment, the screen contrast value of the transparent display device is not high due to the limitation of the luminance value of the transparent display device and the influence of the illumination intensity variation of the outdoor environment light on the transparent display device, and the display effect of the transparent display device is not ideal.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, there is a need for a display device and an electronic apparatus that can improve the contrast ratio of the screen of the display device and improve the display effect of the display device.
According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a display device including a transparent display panel including a plurality of pixel units, and an optical adjustment layer; the optical adjustment layer is arranged on the backlight side of the transparent display panel, and the optical adjustment layer is configured to change the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer so as to adjust the transparency of the display device.
In the display device of the embodiment of the application, the optical adjustment layer is disposed on the backlight side of the transparent display panel, and the optical adjustment layer is configured to change its own light transmittance so as to adjust the transparency of the display device. Specifically, when the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device is located is higher and the brightness is higher, the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer can be reduced, so that the optical adjustment layer is in an opaque state, the display background of the transparent display panel is enhanced, the transparency of the display device is reduced, the screen contrast value of the display device is improved, and the display content in the transparent display panel can be completely and clearly presented; when the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device is located is smaller and the brightness is lower, the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer can be improved, the optical adjustment layer is in a transparent state, the display background of the transparent display panel is weakened, the transparency or the transparent sense of the display device is improved, the display content of the transparent display device can be better presented in the environment, and the display effect of the display device is improved. Therefore, the light transmittance of the optical adjusting layer can be adjusted through the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device is positioned so as to change the transparency of the optical adjusting layer, and the optical adjusting layer is arranged on the backlight side of the transparent display panel, so that the transparency of the display device is changed, the display device has different transparencies under different illumination intensities, the screen contrast value of the display device is improved, the display effect of the display device is improved, and the applicable scene of the display device is enlarged.
In some embodiments, the display device further includes a first substrate, a first transparent protective layer, and a second transparent protective layer, the first substrate being disposed on a side of the optical adjustment layer away from the transparent display panel; the first transparent protective layer is arranged between the first substrate and the optical adjustment layer; the second transparent protective layer is arranged between the optical adjustment layer and the transparent display panel. The first substrate is used for supporting structures such as an optical adjustment layer and the like above the first substrate, and the first transparent protection layer and the second transparent protection layer are respectively arranged on two sides of the optical adjustment layer and are used for supporting and protecting the optical adjustment layer.
In some embodiments, the optical adjustment layer comprises an electrochromic layer. The light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer can be adjusted by reversibly changing the color and transparency of the electrochromic layer by an applied electric field.
In some embodiments, the optical adjustment layer further comprises a first transparent electrode, an electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, and a second transparent electrode, the first transparent electrode is disposed on a side of the electrochromic layer away from the first substrate, and the electrolyte layer, the ion storage layer, and the second transparent electrode are disposed on a side of the electrochromic layer near the first substrate in sequence. The first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode are used for realizing current transmission in the optical adjustment layer, the electrolyte layer is configured to provide color-changing ions and block electrons while allowing light to pass through, and the ion storage layer is used for storing and providing ions required by the electrochromic material.
In some embodiments, the optical adjustment layer comprises a liquid crystal layer. The optical axis orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer can be adjusted by an applied electric field, thereby adjusting the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer.
In some embodiments, the optical adjustment layer further includes a first transparent insulating layer, a third transparent electrode, a fourth transparent electrode, and a second transparent insulating layer, where the third transparent electrode and the fourth transparent electrode are respectively disposed on two sides of the liquid crystal layer, the first transparent insulating layer is disposed on a side of the third transparent electrode away from the liquid crystal layer, and the second transparent insulating layer is disposed on a side of the fourth transparent electrode away from the liquid crystal layer. The third transparent electrode and the fourth transparent electrode are used for realizing current transmission in the optical adjustment layer, the first transparent insulating layer insulates and protects the third transparent electrode, and the second transparent insulating layer insulates and protects the fourth transparent electrode.
In some embodiments, the display device further includes a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer, the first encapsulation layer disposed between the first substrate and the first transparent protective layer; the second packaging layer is arranged on one side, far away from the first substrate, of the transparent display panel and covers the transparent display panel. The first packaging layer is used for connecting and packaging the first substrate and the first transparent protective layer, and the second packaging layer is used for connecting and packaging the transparent display panel and the second transparent protective layer.
In some embodiments, the first substrate is a rigid substrate, and the display device further includes a third transparent protective layer disposed between the transparent display panel and the two transparent protective layers. The third transparent protective layer is used for protecting the optical adjustment layer positioned below the third transparent protective layer.
In some embodiments, the display device further includes a third encapsulation layer disposed between the second transparent protection layer and the third transparent protection layer. The third packaging layer is used for connecting and packaging the second transparent protective layer and the third transparent protective layer.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an electronic apparatus including the display device described in any one of the above.
In the display device included in the electronic apparatus in the embodiment of the present application, the optical adjustment layer is disposed on a backlight side of the transparent display panel, and the optical adjustment layer is configured to change its own light transmittance so as to adjust the transparency of the display device. Specifically, when the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device is located is higher and the brightness is higher, the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer can be reduced, so that the optical adjustment layer is in an opaque state, the display background of the transparent display panel is enhanced, the transparency of the display device is reduced, the screen contrast value of the display device is improved, and the display content in the transparent display panel can be completely and clearly presented; when the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device is located is smaller and the brightness is lower, the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer can be improved, the optical adjustment layer is in a transparent state, the display background of the transparent display panel is weakened, the transparency or the transparent sense of the display device is improved, the display content of the transparent display device can be better presented in the environment, and the display effect of the display device is improved. Therefore, the light transmittance of the optical adjusting layer can be adjusted through the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device is positioned so as to change the transparency of the optical adjusting layer, and the optical adjusting layer is arranged on the backlight side of the transparent display panel, so that the transparency of the display device can be changed, the display device has different transparencies under different illumination intensities, the screen contrast value of the display device is improved, the display effect of the display device is improved, and the applicable scene of the display device is enlarged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an ion flow direction when a second transparent electrode in an optical adjustment layer is applied with a direct current voltage in a positive direction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an ion flow direction when a first transparent electrode in an optical adjustment layer is applied with a direct current voltage in a positive direction according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical adjustment layer in a power-off state according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical adjustment layer in an energized state according to another embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals: the display device 100, the first substrate 10, the transparent display panel 1, the pixel unit 101, the optical adjustment layer 2, the electrochromic layer 211, the first transparent electrode 212, the electrolyte layer 213, the ion storage layer 214, the second transparent electrode 215, the liquid crystal layer 221, the liquid crystal molecules 2210, the third transparent electrode 222, the fourth transparent electrode 223, the first transparent insulating layer 224, the second transparent insulating layer 225, the first adhesive layer 226, the second adhesive layer 227, the first transparent protective layer 3, the second transparent protective layer 4, the third transparent protective layer 5, the first encapsulation layer 61, the second encapsulation layer 62, the third encapsulation layer 63, the solder resist layer 7, and the cover plate 8.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present application, a more complete description of the present application will now be provided with reference to the relevant figures. Preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In describing positional relationships, when an element such as a layer, film or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present unless otherwise indicated. Further, when a layer is referred to as being "under" another layer, it can be directly under, or one or more intervening elements may also be present. It will also be understood that when a layer is referred to as being "between" two layers, it can be the only layer between the two layers, or one or more intervening elements may also be present.
Where the terms "comprising," "having," and "including" are used herein, another component may also be added unless explicitly defined as such, e.g., "consisting of … …," etc. Unless mentioned to the contrary, singular terms may include plural and are not to be construed as being one in number.
It will be understood that, although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present application.
It will be further understood that when interpreting an element, although not explicitly described, the element is intended to include the range of errors which should be within the acceptable limits of deviation from the particular values identified by those skilled in the art. For example, "about," "approximately," or "substantially" may mean within one or more standard deviations, and is not limited herein.
Further, in the specification, the phrase "planar distribution diagram" refers to the drawing when the target portion is viewed from above, and the phrase "cross-sectional diagram" refers to the drawing when the cross section taken by vertically cutting the target portion is viewed from the side.
Further, the drawings are not 1:1, and the relative dimensions of the various elements are drawn by way of example only in the drawings and are not necessarily drawn to true scale.
In the related art, when the transparent display device is disposed in an outdoor environment, the screen contrast value of the transparent display device is not high due to the limitation of the luminance value of the transparent display device and the influence of the illumination intensity variation of the outdoor environment light on the transparent display device, and the display effect of the transparent display device is not ideal. Specifically, because the transparent display device is transparent state in the use, when the transparent display device is applied to outdoor environment, and when the illumination intensity in the outdoor environment is higher, receive outdoor environment and illumination intensity influence, the display brightness of the transparent display device that the user observed is lower, and part display content is fuzzy, leads to the display effect of transparent display device relatively poor, and ornamental travelling comfort is lower.
The screen contrast value refers to the ratio of the brightness value measured by opening a white picture after the display device is adjusted to the brightest state and the brightness value measured by opening a black picture after the display device is adjusted to the brightest state when the tested display device is placed in a darkroom without light rays and full darkness. For example, assume that the brightness of the display device is 300nits on a white screen and 0.1nits on a black screen, and the screen contrast ratio of the display device is 3000:1. The higher the contrast value of the screen, the better the layering of the picture displayed by the display device, the higher the sharpness of the image, the clearer and vivid the image, and the better the display effect on the sense of the user.
In view of the foregoing, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present application proposes a display device, which aims to improve a screen contrast value of the display device and improve a display effect of the display device.
An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a display device 100, as shown in fig. 1, including a transparent display panel 1 and an optical adjustment layer 2, the transparent display panel 1 including a plurality of pixel units 101; the optical adjustment layer 2 is disposed on the backlight side of the transparent display panel 1, and the optical adjustment layer 2 is configured to change its light transmittance to adjust the transparency of the display device 100.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the transparent display panel 1 includes a plurality of pixel units 101, and the plurality of pixel units 101 have a plurality of colors. By arranging and combining a plurality of pixel units 101 with different colors, the transparent display panel 1 can present different display contents. Optionally, the transparent display panel 1 may be a LED (Light Emitting Diode) transparent display panel, and the LED transparent display panel has an ultra-wide color gamut, so that the display device 100 has a good display effect, and the manufacturing cost of the display device 100 can be reduced, thereby improving the service life of the display device 100. The pixel unit 101 includes a plurality of light emitting diodes distributed in an array. The transparent display panel 1 may be any other type of display panel, and may be set according to practical requirements, which is not limited in this application.
In this embodiment of the present application, when the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device 100 is located is higher and the brightness is higher, for example, when the sunlight intensity is higher in daytime, the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer 2 may be reduced, so that the optical adjustment layer 2 is in an opaque state, the display background of the transparent display panel 1 is reinforced, the transparency of the display device 100 is reduced, the screen contrast value of the display device 100 is improved, and the display content in the transparent display panel 1 can be completely and clearly presented; when the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device 100 is located is smaller and the brightness is lower, for example, at night, the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer 2 can be improved, so that the optical adjustment layer 2 is in a transparent state, the display background of the transparent display panel 1 is weakened, the transparency or the transparent sense of the display device 100 is improved, the display content of the transparent display device 100 can be better presented in the located environment, and the display effect of the display device 100 is improved.
In this embodiment of the present application, the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer 2 can be adjusted by the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device 100 is located, so as to change the transparency of the optical adjustment layer 2, and the optical adjustment layer 2 is disposed on the backlight side of the transparent display panel 1, so that the transparency of the display device 100 can be changed, the display device 100 has different transparency under different illumination intensities, the screen contrast value of the display device 100 is improved, the display effect of the display device 100 is improved, and the applicable scene of the display device 100 is enlarged. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the display device 100 further includes a first substrate 10, a first transparent protective layer 3, and a second transparent protective layer 4, where the first substrate 10 is disposed on a side of the optical adjustment layer 2 away from the transparent display panel 1; the first transparent protective layer 3 is disposed between the first substrate 10 and the optical adjustment layer 2; the second transparent protective layer 4 is disposed between the optical adjustment layer 2 and the transparent display panel 1.
In this embodiment, the first substrate 10 is a transparent substrate, further, the first substrate 10 may be a rigid transparent substrate, such as a glass substrate, or may be a flexible transparent substrate, such as a polyimide substrate, and the type of the first substrate 10 may be set according to practical requirements, which is not limited in this application. When the first substrate 10 is a rigid transparent substrate, the first substrate 10 can support and protect the structure such as the optical adjustment layer 2 above the first substrate, so as to improve the reliability of the display device 100 when it is disposed in an outdoor or semi-outdoor environment. When the first substrate 10 is a flexible transparent substrate, the transparent display panel 1 may be a flexible display panel, and the optical adjustment layer 2 may be a flexible electrochromic structure or a liquid crystal structure, so that the display device 100 has better flexibility, and the shape and size of the display device 100 may be changed according to the change of the curvature radius of the curved surface to be installed, so as to improve the curved surface display effect of the display device 100. The display device 100 can be applied to different indoor or outdoor scenes, such as glass shop windows, glass beside a escalator, building landing windows and the like, and the applicable scene of the display device is enlarged.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first transparent protection layer 3 and the second transparent protection layer 4 are respectively disposed on two sides of the optical adjustment layer 2, and when the optical adjustment layer 2 is in an opaque state, the first transparent protection layer 3 and the second transparent protection layer 4 also show an opaque state in the display device 100 under the influence of the optical adjustment layer 2. The first transparent protective layer 3 and the second transparent protective layer 4 are used for supporting and protecting the optical adjustment layer 2, so that the probability of damaging the optical adjustment layer 2 is reduced, and the reliability of the display device 100 is improved. Alternatively, the first transparent protective layer 3 and the second transparent protective layer 4 may be transparent inorganic protective layers, such as quartz or glass, transparent plastics, or other commonly used transparent materials. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the optical adjustment layer 2 includes an Electrochromic (EC) layer 211.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the optical adjustment layer 2 further includes a first transparent electrode 212, an electrolyte layer 213, an ion storage layer 214, and a second transparent electrode 215, where the first transparent electrode 212 is disposed on a side of the electrochromic layer 211 away from the first substrate 10, and the electrolyte layer 213, the ion storage layer 214, and the second transparent electrode 215 are sequentially disposed on a side of the electrochromic layer 211 near the first substrate 10.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the optical adjustment layer 2 includes a first transparent electrode 212, an electrochromic layer 211, an electrolyte layer 213, an ion storage layer 214, and a second transparent electrode 215, which are sequentially disposed. The first transparent electrode 212 and the second transparent electrode 215 may have a linear structure or a planar structure, preferably a mesh structure, for achieving current transmission in the optical adjustment layer 2. The material of the first transparent electrode 212 and the second transparent electrode 215 may be any one of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), or conductive polymer.
In the embodiment of the present application, the electrochromic layer 211 is formed by an electrochromic material, and the electrochromic material may be any one of an organic electrochromic material, an inorganic electrochromic material, or a composite electrochromic material. Wherein, the inorganic electrochromic material comprises metal oxide, preferably tungsten trioxide, nickel oxide and the like; the organic electrochromic material is preferably any one or more of viologen, isophthalate, metal phthalocyanine, pyridine metal complex, polyaniline, polypyrrole and polythiophene. The electrochromic layer 211 may be prepared by sputtering, chemical vapor deposition, sol-gel, evaporation, or the like, or may be prepared by drying and curing a liquid electrochromic material.
In the present embodiment, the electrolyte layer 213 is configured to function to provide color changing ions and block electrons while allowing light to pass therethrough. The ion storage layer 214 is used to store and supply ions needed for the color change reaction, maintaining charge balance throughout the electrochromic process. The electrolyte layer 213 is composed of a specific conductive material such as a solution or solid electrolyte material containing lithium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, or the like. The ion storage layer 214 is generally formed by anodic color-changing materials, such as nickel oxide (NiO), and the ion storage layer 214 made of nickel oxide has advantages of low cost, high coloring efficiency, and wide light modulation range.
In the embodiment of the present application, the electrochromic material in the electrochromic layer 211 may undergo electrochemical oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of an external electric field, and the color and transparency of the electrochromic material are changed by losing electrons. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of ion flow direction when the second transparent electrode 215 is applied with a direct current voltage in a positive direction, wherein the direction indicated by the solid arrow in the figure is cation flow direction, and the direction indicated by the dashed arrow is anion flow direction. When the second transparent electrode 215 is charged with a direct current voltage in the positive direction, ions in the ion storage layer 214 flow out into the electrochromic layer 211, so that the electrochromic layer 211 changes color, the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer 2 is reduced, and the display device 100 is in an opaque state, so that the screen contrast value of the display device 100 in an environment with high illumination intensity is improved.
Correspondingly, as shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of ion flow direction when the first transparent electrode 212 is applied with a direct current voltage in a positive direction, wherein the direction indicated by the solid arrow in the figure is cation flow direction, and the direction indicated by the dashed arrow is anion flow direction. When a reverse voltage is applied to the optical adjustment layer 2, that is, after the first transparent electrode 212 is energized with a direct current voltage in a forward direction, ions of the electrochromic layer 211 are extracted back to the original ion storage layer 214, and the electrochromic layer 211 returns to a transparent state, so that the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer 2 is improved, the transparency or the transparent feeling of the display device 100 in an environment with smaller illumination intensity is improved, and the display effect of the display device 100 is improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the optical adjustment layer 2 includes a liquid crystal layer 221.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the optical adjustment layer 2 further includes a first transparent insulating layer 224, a third transparent electrode 222, a fourth transparent electrode 223, and a second transparent insulating layer 225, where the third transparent electrode 222 and the fourth transparent electrode 223 are respectively disposed on two sides of the liquid crystal layer 221, the first transparent insulating layer 224 is disposed on a side of the third transparent electrode 222 away from the liquid crystal layer 221, and the second transparent insulating layer 225 is disposed on a side of the fourth transparent electrode 223 away from the liquid crystal layer 221.
In the embodiment of the present application, the liquid crystal layer 221 may be a PDLC (Polymer-dispersed Liquid Crystal, polymer dispersed liquid crystal), where the liquid crystal layer 221 includes an organic solid Polymer matrix, and a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 2210 dispersed in the organic solid Polymer matrix in the form of micro-droplets.
In this embodiment, the optical adjustment layer 2 is in a power-off state, i.e. when no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer 221, the optical axes of the small droplets formed by the liquid crystal molecules 2210 are in a free orientation, and at this time, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 2210 is not matched with that of the organic solid polymer matrix, when light passes through the organic solid polymer matrix, the light is strongly scattered by the liquid crystal molecules 2210, and the light transmission direction is shown by the arrow direction in fig. 6, so that the liquid crystal layer 221 is in an opaque milky state or a semitransparent state, and the optical adjustment layer 2 is in an opaque state, and the display device 100 is in an opaque state, so as to improve the screen contrast value of the display device 100 in an environment with high illumination intensity.
Correspondingly, as shown in fig. 7, when the optical adjustment layer 2 is in an energized state, that is, when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer 221, the applied electric field can adjust the optical axis orientation of the small droplets formed by the liquid crystal molecules 2210, so that the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 2210 is matched with that of the organic solid polymer matrix, and the light can be transmitted through the organic solid polymer matrix, and the light transmission direction is shown by the arrow direction in fig. 7, so that the liquid crystal layer 221 is in a transparent state, thereby improving the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer 2, and further, the display device 100 is also in a transparent state, so as to improve the transparency or the transparent sense of the display device 100 in an environment with smaller illumination intensity, and improve the display effect of the display device 100.
Alternatively, the liquid crystal layer 221 may also be an inorganic liquid crystal layer.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the third transparent electrode 222 and the fourth transparent electrode 223 are disposed on two sides of the liquid crystal layer 221, so as to realize current transmission in the optical adjustment layer 2. The third transparent electrode 222 may be disposed between the first transparent insulating layer 224 and the liquid crystal layer 221 and buried in the first transparent insulating layer 224, and the first transparent insulating layer 224 insulates and protects the third transparent electrode 222. The fourth transparent electrode 223 may be disposed between the second transparent insulating layer 225 and the liquid crystal layer 221 and buried in the second transparent insulating layer 225, and the second transparent insulating layer 225 insulates and protects the fourth transparent electrode 223.
Alternatively, the third transparent electrode 222 and the fourth transparent electrode 223 may be formed of a transparent conductive material such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). The first transparent insulating layer 224 and the second transparent insulating layer 225 may be formed of a PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate ) material having good electrical insulation properties and optical properties.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the optical adjustment layer 2 further includes a first adhesive layer 226 and a second adhesive layer 227, where the first adhesive layer 226 is disposed between the first transparent insulating layer 224 and the second transparent protective layer 4, and is used to connect the first transparent insulating layer 224 and the second transparent protective layer 4; the second glue layer 227 is disposed between the second transparent insulating layer 225 and the first transparent protective layer 3, and is used for connecting the second transparent insulating layer 225 and the first transparent protective layer 3.
In some embodiments, the display device 100 further includes a first encapsulation layer 61 and a second encapsulation layer 62, the first encapsulation layer 61 being disposed between the first substrate 10 and the first transparent protection layer 3; the second encapsulation layer 62 is disposed on a side of the transparent display panel 1 away from the first substrate 10 and covers the transparent display panel 1.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first encapsulation layer 61 is disposed between the first substrate 10 and the first transparent protection layer 3 and around the first transparent protection layer 3, and the first encapsulation layer 61 is used for connecting and encapsulating the first substrate 10 and the first transparent protection layer 3, so as to reduce the probability of oxidation of the metal conductive layer in the optical adjustment layer 2 caused by entry of impurities such as water and oxygen into the optical adjustment layer 2 through the gap between the first substrate 10 and the first transparent protection layer 3. The second encapsulation layer 62 is disposed on a side of the transparent display panel 1 away from the first substrate 10 and covers the transparent display panel 1, and the second encapsulation layer 62 is used for connecting and encapsulating the transparent display panel 1 and the second transparent protection layer 4, so as to reduce the probability of oxidation of the metal conductive layer in the optical adjustment layer 2 caused by entry of impurities such as water and oxygen into the optical adjustment layer 2 through the gap between the transparent display panel 1 and the second transparent protection layer 4.
Preferably, the first package layer 61 and the second package layer 62 may be made of the same material, or may be made of different materials, and may be set according to practical requirements, which is not limited in this application. The first and second encapsulation layers 61 and 62 may be formed of PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral ) material, silicon nitride material, or the like. The PVB material has excellent light transmittance and film forming property, and has high adhesion with materials such as glass and metal, so that the connectivity and sealing property between the first substrate 10 and the first transparent protective layer 3, and the connectivity and sealing property between the transparent display panel 1 and the second transparent protective layer 4 can be further improved on the premise of ensuring the light transmittance of the display device 100, and the reliability of the display device 100 is improved.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, when the first encapsulation layer 61 and the second encapsulation layer 62 are made of the same material, for example, PVB materials, the first encapsulation layer 61 and the second encapsulation layer 62 may be connected into an integral structure, so as to further improve the encapsulation performance of the display device 100 and improve the reliability of the display device 100.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, when the first substrate 10 is a rigid substrate, the display device 100 further includes a third transparent protective layer 5 disposed between the transparent display panel 1 and the second transparent protective layer 4. The third transparent protective layer 5 is used to protect the optical adjustment layer 2 located thereunder, and improves the reliability of the display device 100. Alternatively, the third transparent protective layer 5 may be a transparent inorganic protective layer, such as quartz or glass, or may be a transparent plastic, or may be another common transparent material.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the display device 100 further includes a third encapsulation layer 63, where the third encapsulation layer 63 is disposed between the second transparent protection layer 4 and the third transparent protection layer 5 and around the third transparent protection layer 5, and the third encapsulation layer 63 is used for connecting and encapsulating the second transparent protection layer 4 and the third transparent protection layer 5, so as to reduce the probability of oxidation of the metal conductive layer in the optical adjustment layer 2 caused by impurities such as water and oxygen entering the optical adjustment layer 2 through the gap between the second transparent protection layer 4 and the third transparent protection layer 5.
Preferably, the third packaging layer 63 and the first packaging layer 61 may be made of the same material or different materials, and may be set according to practical requirements, which is not limited in this application. The third encapsulation layer 63 may be formed of PVB material or silicon nitride material. The third encapsulation layer 63 made of PVB can further improve connectivity and sealing between the second transparent protection layer 4 and the third transparent protection layer 5, and improve reliability of the display device 100.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, when the first encapsulation layer 61 and the third encapsulation layer 63 are made of the same material, the first encapsulation layer 61 and the third encapsulation layer 63 may be connected into an integrated structure, so as to further improve the encapsulation performance of the display device 100 and improve the reliability of the display device 100.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the display panel further includes a solder mask layer 7, where the solder mask layer 7 is used to cover conductive traces located in non-light emitting areas of the display device 100. When the first encapsulation layer 61 and the second encapsulation layer 62 are integrally connected, the solder mask layer 7 is disposed on a side of the first encapsulation layer 61 and the second encapsulation layer 62 away from the optical adjustment layer 2, respectively. In addition, as shown in fig. 3, when the first and third encapsulation layers 61 and 63 are integrally connected, the solder resist layer 7 is disposed on the sides of the first and third encapsulation layers 61 and 63, respectively, away from the optical adjustment layer 2.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 and 7, the display device 100 further includes a cover plate 8, where the cover plate 8 is disposed on a side of the second encapsulation layer 62 away from the first substrate 10, for protecting the structure of the transparent display panel 1 and the like below the second encapsulation layer, so as to improve the reliability of the display device 100. Alternatively, the cover plate 8 may be a transparent glass cover plate or a transparent plastic cover plate.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the display device 100 includes a transparent display panel 1 and an optical adjustment layer 2, the transparent display panel 1 and the optical adjustment layer 2 are connected by wrapping with a first encapsulation layer 61 and a second encapsulation layer 62, the display device 100 does not have a rigid structure made of glass materials such as the first substrate 10, the third transparent protection layer 5 or the cover plate 8, and the whole display device 100 is a flexible structure, so that the display device 100 has good flexibility, and the applicable scene of the display device 100 is enlarged.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the transparent display panel 1 and the optical adjustment layer 2 are disposed between the first substrate 10 and the cover plate 8, and the first substrate 10 and the cover plate 8 are used to support and protect the transparent display panel 1 and the optical adjustment layer 2; as shown in fig. 3, the optical adjustment layer 2 is located between the first substrate 10 and the third transparent protection layer 5, and the first substrate 10 and the third transparent protection layer 5 are used for supporting and protecting the optical adjustment layer 2; the transparent display panel 1 is located between the third transparent protective layer 5 and the cover plate 8, and the third transparent protective layer 5 and the cover plate 8 are used for supporting and protecting the transparent display panel 1. At this time, the display device 100 has a rigid structure made of glass material such as the first substrate 10, the third transparent protective layer 5, or the cover plate 8, and the entire display device 100 has a rigid structure, so that the display device 100 has good impact resistance, and the reliability of the display device 100 is improved.
Embodiments of the second aspect of the present application provide an electronic device comprising a display apparatus 100 as described in any of the above.
In the display panel included in the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application, the optical adjustment layer 2 is disposed on the backlight side of the transparent display panel 1, and the optical adjustment layer 2 is configured to change its light transmittance to adjust the transparency of the display device 100. Specifically, when the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device 100 is located is higher and the brightness is higher, the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer 2 can be reduced, so that the optical adjustment layer 2 is in an opaque state, the display background of the transparent display panel 1 is reinforced, the transparency of the display device 100 is reduced, the screen contrast value of the display device 100 is improved, and the display content in the transparent display panel 1 can be completely and clearly presented; when the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device 100 is located is smaller and the brightness is lower, the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer 2 can be improved, so that the optical adjustment layer 2 is in a transparent state, the display background of the transparent display panel 1 is weakened, the transparency and the permeability of the display device 100 are improved, the display content of the transparent display device 100 can be better presented in the environment, and the display effect of the display device 100 is improved. Therefore, the light transmittance of the optical adjustment layer 2 can be adjusted by the illumination intensity of the environment where the display device 100 is located to change the transparency of the optical adjustment layer 2, and the optical adjustment layer 2 is disposed on the backlight side of the transparent display panel 1, so that the transparency of the display device 100 can be changed, the display device 100 has different transparency under different illumination intensities, the screen contrast value of the display device 100 is improved, the display effect of the display device 100 is improved, and the applicable scene of the display device 100 is enlarged.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A display device, comprising:
a transparent display panel including a plurality of pixel units;
and the optical adjusting layer is arranged on the backlight side of the transparent display panel and is configured to change the light transmittance of the optical adjusting layer so as to adjust the transparency of the display device.
2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the display device further comprises:
the first substrate is arranged on one side of the optical adjustment layer away from the transparent display panel;
a first transparent protective layer disposed between the first substrate and the optical adjustment layer;
the second transparent protective layer is arranged between the optical adjustment layer and the transparent display panel.
3. The display device of claim 2, wherein the optical adjustment layer comprises an electrochromic layer.
4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the optical adjustment layer further comprises a first transparent electrode, an electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, and a second transparent electrode, the first transparent electrode is disposed on a side of the electrochromic layer away from the first substrate, and the electrolyte layer, the ion storage layer, and the second transparent electrode are sequentially disposed on a side of the electrochromic layer near the first substrate.
5. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the optical adjustment layer comprises a liquid crystal layer.
6. The display device according to claim 5, wherein the optical adjustment layer further comprises a first transparent insulating layer, a third transparent electrode, a fourth transparent electrode, and a second transparent insulating layer, wherein the third transparent electrode and the fourth transparent electrode are disposed on two sides of the liquid crystal layer, respectively, the first transparent insulating layer is disposed on a side of the third transparent electrode away from the liquid crystal layer, and the second transparent insulating layer is disposed on a side of the fourth transparent electrode away from the liquid crystal layer.
7. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that the display device further comprises:
the first packaging layer is arranged between the first substrate and the first transparent protective layer;
the second packaging layer is arranged on one side, far away from the first substrate, of the transparent display panel and covers the transparent display panel.
8. The display device according to claim 4, wherein the first substrate is a rigid substrate, and further comprising a third transparent protective layer disposed between the transparent display panel and the two transparent protective layers.
9. The display device according to claim 8, further comprising a third encapsulation layer disposed between the second transparent protection layer and the third transparent protection layer.
10. An electronic device comprising the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202310453041.5A CN116520602A (en) | 2023-04-24 | 2023-04-24 | Display device and electronic apparatus |
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| CN202310453041.5A CN116520602A (en) | 2023-04-24 | 2023-04-24 | Display device and electronic apparatus |
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| CN202310453041.5A Pending CN116520602A (en) | 2023-04-24 | 2023-04-24 | Display device and electronic apparatus |
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Effective date of registration: 20240111 Address after: Building H3, K2 District, Shenchao Optoelectronic Technology Park, Minqing Road North, Longhua District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 518100 Applicant after: INTERFACE OPTOELECTRONICS (SHENZHEN) Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: Interface Technology (Chengdu) Co., Ltd. Applicant after: GENERAL INTERFACE SOLUTION Ltd. Address before: 611731 No. 689, Hezuo Road, West District, hi tech Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan Applicant before: Interface Technology (Chengdu) Co., Ltd. Applicant before: INTERFACE OPTOELECTRONICS (SHENZHEN) Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: Yicheng Photoelectric (Wuxi) Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: GENERAL INTERFACE SOLUTION Ltd. |