Coating applicable to electron beam curing to form hydrophilic coating and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coatings, in particular to a coating which is applicable to electron beam curing to form a hydrophilic coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The hydrophilic coating material can form a layer of hydrophilic film on the surface of a coated object, and can be used for intervening the surface of a medical instrument, the surface of a lens or a solar panel, the surface of an air conditioner external unit aluminum material, the surface of self-cleaning or oil stain-proof equipment and the like. Common hydrophilic coating materials can be classified into inorganic hydrophilic coatings, inorganic-organic composite hydrophilic coatings, and organic hydrophilic coatings. Because of the peculiar smell, high hardness and easy pulverization of inorganic substances in the coating, pure organic hydrophilic coatings are getting more and more attention. The traditional organic hydrophilic coating uses organic solvent in the synthesis and use processes, pollutes the environment and limits the application range.
Chinese patent application CN 114773939A discloses a transparent super-hydrophilic coating, a preparation method and application thereof. The paint is water-based, wherein the mass percentage of water is 90-99%, and the problem of environment pollution caused by volatilization of organic solvent is solved. However, the water-based paint volatilizes a large amount of water solvent in the curing process, and the specific heat and the vaporization latent heat of water are relatively large, so that the energy consumption in the curing process is relatively high and the time is relatively long.
The invention patent CN 113025202B adopts photo-curing acrylic acid modified epoxidation organic silicon paint, solves the problems of environmental pollution caused by solvent volatilization and larger energy consumption caused by water volatilization through the curing of a micromolecular reactive diluent, but the coating formed by the invention patent paint has no hydrophilic function, and the adopted curing energy is Ultraviolet (UV). The UV curing has the defects of limited light penetrability and incomplete curing, and the curing material needs to be added with a photoinitiator, so that the UV curing is easy to be unable to react completely and remain, and has harm in the fields of children products, food and the like.
The Electron Beam (EB) curing technology developed in recent years can realize deep curing, has high curing speed and complete curing, does not need to add a photoinitiator in a curing material, has high safety and wider application range. The organic hydrophilic coating capable of being cured by the EB has good market application prospect.
Accordingly, the inventor has the problem of providing a coating suitable for electron beam curing to form a hydrophilic coating and a preparation method thereof, which are expected to achieve the purpose of having more practical value, by keeping the experience of the design development and actual manufacturing in the related industry for many years and researching and improving the existing structure and the defects.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a coating which is applicable to electron beam curing to form a hydrophilic coating and a preparation method thereof, and aims to realize green chemical production on the premise of achieving the coating function, and substances used in the coating preparation process are all converted into a final product.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A coating suitable for electron beam curing to form a hydrophilic coating comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20 to 60 percent of polyurethane acrylic ester, 15 to 80 percent of reactive diluent, 0 to 15 percent of cross-linking agent, 0.05 to 1 percent of leveling agent and 0.02 to 1.5 percent of hydrophilic agent.
A preparation method of a coating suitable for electron beam curing to form a hydrophilic coating comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of polyurethane acrylic ester:
The diisocyanate reacts with the polyglycol, and the mass ratio of the diisocyanate to the polyglycol is 1:0 to 0.5, and stirring and reacting for 2 to 6 hours under the condition of isolating air at the temperature of 40 to 80 ℃; adding hydroxypropyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl acrylate into the reaction product, and continuing stirring and reacting for 2-6 hours at 40-80 ℃ under the condition of isolating air to carry out end-capping reaction, wherein the ratio of the added diisocyanate to the subsequent hydroxypropyl acrylate or hydroxyethyl acrylate is 1:1-2.
S2, preparing a coating for forming a hydrophilic coating by electron beam curing:
After the reaction is finished, the leveling agent and the cross-linking agent are added without being influenced by the sequence of the subsequent procedures, the obtained product is added with the reactive diluent for viscosity reduction, and the hydrophilic agent is added and stirred uniformly, so that the coating which is applicable to the electron beam curing technology to form the hydrophilic coating is obtained.
Preferably, the reaction solvent used for synthesizing the polyurethane acrylic ester is acryloylmorpholine or epoxypropyl acrylate, the two are active components capable of being cured by EB, and the amido and the ether have hydrophilicity in the copolymerized high polymer coating film, and the two have lower viscosity and do not react with isocyanate groups, so that the two substances can be used as the solvent in the reaction process, the viscosity of a coating product can be reduced after the reaction, the coating film is convenient to be coated, the EB can be copolymerized with other active components to form a film and the hydrophilicity of a film layer is improved in the whole process of producing and using the coating without separation or volatilization, thereby realizing the comprehensive utilization of raw materials, saving energy and protecting environment.
Preferably, the diisocyanate is one or a mixture of more than two of toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diacrylate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate.
Preferably, the polyglycol is one or a mixture of two of polyethylene glycol 600 and polyethylene glycol 800.
Preferably, the reactive diluent is one or a mixture of more than two of acryloylmorpholine, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, glycerol 1, 3-diglycerol alkyd diacrylate, acrylic acid, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and epoxypropyl acrylate.
Preferably, the hydrophilic agent is one or a mixture of more than two of sodium allylsulfonate, sodium p-styrenesulfonate, sodium methacrylosulfonate, N-methylenebisacrylamide, acrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid, di (methacryloyloxyethyl) hydrogen phosphate and methacryloyloxyethyl hydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, the cross-linking agent is one or two of ethoxylated pentaerythritol tetraacrylate and pentaerythritol triacrylate.
Preferably, the leveling agent is macromolecular polyether modified acrylic leveling agent, and the leveling agent can improve leveling property and uniformity of the coating in the coating process, and can be copolymerized with other active components to form a film under the EB curing condition, and the hydrophilic effect of a cured film layer is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The reaction solvent of the acryloylmorpholine or the epoxypropyl acrylate used in the synthesis process of the polyurethane acrylic ester in the coating can be solidified under the EB condition, the molecular structure of the coating contains hydrophilic groups, the viscosity is low, and the coating can be used as an active diluent of a final product, so that the coating does not need to be separated in the synthesis process, and compared with the synthesis process of the waterborne polyurethane acrylic ester, the coating reduces the use and separation of an organic solvent, and the production process is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
2. Compared with the water-based paint, the paint which is prepared by the invention and forms the hydrophilic coating after solidification does not need to volatilize redundant water solvent in the use process, and the solidification is thorough, rapid and energy-saving.
3. Compared with the UV curing coating, the coating prepared by the invention does not need to be added with photoinitiator, is nontoxic, and can be used in the fields of children products, medical appliances and foods.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the process contact angle of the coating obtained in example 1 after EB curing;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the permanent contact angle of the coating obtained in example 1 of the present invention after EB curing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the initial contact angle of the coating obtained in comparative example 1 after EB curing.
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the initial contact angle of the coating obtained in comparative example 2 after EB curing.
FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the initial contact angle of the coating obtained in comparative example 3 after EB curing in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The three-neck flask, the condensation reflux pipe, the sealing constant-pressure dropping funnel and the constant-temperature stirring oil bath pot are assembled into a closed condensation reflux reaction device. Polyethylene glycol 600 and acryloylmorpholine are respectively subjected to rotary evaporation at 60 ℃ and 25mbar for 2 hours to remove water. 25.00g of acryloylmorpholine, 23.00g of isophorone diacrylate, 0.20g of hydroquinone and 1 drop of dibutyl tin Dilaurate (DBTL) are added dropwise at a constant temperature of 60 ℃ under stirring for 2 hours, and the dropping speed is 7-10 seconds/drop. After the reaction was completed, 25.00g of hydroxypropyl acrylate was poured into the constant pressure dropping funnel, the reaction temperature was further 65℃and the dropping reaction was continued for 3 hours. The reaction mechanism in this example is
After the reaction, 0.40g of sodium allylsulfonate and 0.40g of leveling agent (chemical 3560, product of Guangzhou digital technology Co., ltd.) were added and stirred uniformly. The product coating film is placed in an EB device for curing, and the initial contact angle of the coating film is smaller than 5 degrees according to the test method of GB/T22638.9-2008 part 9 (the contact angle is measured to be https://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTk1NjMwNDc5Mg==.htmlplayMod e=pugv&spm=a2hje.13141534.card_3.d_1_1&scm=20140719.manual.239312.video_XNTk1NjMwNDc5Mg==), process contact angle, the instantaneous video link is 12.6 degrees, the durable contact angle is 18.7 degrees, and the initial contact angle is shown in figures 1 and 2 respectively.
Example 2
The difference between this example and example 1 is that polyethylene glycol 600 is replaced with polyethylene glycol 800, acryloylmorpholine is replaced with epoxypropyl acrylate, isophorone diisocyanate is replaced with toluene diisocyanate, hydroxypropyl acrylate is replaced with hydroxyethyl acrylate, sodium allylsulfonate is replaced with sodium p-styrenesulfonate, and the leveling agent is replaced with other commercially available macromolecular polyether modified acrylate leveling agents.
The contact angle of the coating obtained after EB curing is smaller than 10 degrees, the technological contact angle is 10-15 degrees, and the durable contact angle is 12-20 degrees.
Example 3
This example differs from example 2 in that isophorone diisocyanate is replaced with diphenylmethane diisocyanate and sodium allylsulfonate is replaced with sodium methallylsulfonate.
The contact angle of the coating obtained after EB curing is smaller than 10 degrees, the technological contact angle is 10-15 degrees, and the durable contact angle is 12-20 degrees.
Example 4
This example differs from example 2 in that isophorone diisocyanate is replaced with dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate and sodium allylsulfonate is replaced with a mixture of N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid.
The contact angle of the coating obtained after EB curing is smaller than 10 degrees, the technological contact angle is 10-15 degrees, and the durable contact angle is 12-20 degrees.
Example 5
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the closed condensation reflux reaction device in example 1 is changed to a condensation reflux reaction device with nitrogen introduced, and the water removal modes of polyethylene glycol 600, polyethylene glycol 800, acryloylmorpholine and epoxypropyl acrylate are changed to vacuum drying, pressure distillation and desiccant water removal;
The ratio range of the modified quantity of the fluridone diisocyanate and the polyethylene glycol 600 substance is 1:0, wherein the reaction temperature range is 40 ℃, the added hydroxypropyl acrylate just reacts with unreacted isocyanate groups of isophorone diisocyanate completely, 5.00g of glycerol 1, 3-diglycerol alkyd diacrylate is added after the reaction is finished, the contact angle of the coating obtained after EB curing of the coating is smaller than 10 degrees, the process contact angle is 10-15 degrees, and the lasting contact angle is 12-25 degrees.
Example 6
The difference between this example and example 5 is that the ratio of the amount of isophorone diisocyanate to the amount of polyethylene glycol 600 material is varied in the range of 1:0.25, the reaction temperature range is 60 ℃;
After the reaction is finished, 10.00g of hydroxyethyl methacrylate is added, the contact angle of the coating after the obtained coating is cured by EB is smaller than 10 degrees, the technological contact angle is 10-15 degrees, and the lasting contact angle is 12-25 degrees.
Example 7
The difference between this example and example 5 is that the ratio of the amount of isophorone diisocyanate to the amount of polyethylene glycol 600 material is varied in the range of 1:0.5, wherein the reaction temperature range is 80 ℃;
after the reaction is finished, 5.00 to 15.00g of acrylic acid is added, the contact angle of the coating after the obtained coating is cured by EB is smaller than 10 degrees, the technological contact angle is 10 to 15 degrees, and the lasting contact angle is 12 to 25 degrees.
Comparative example 1
Based on example 1, wherein 30.00g of polyethylene glycol 600 was changed to 100.00g of polypropylene glycol 2000, the initial contact angle of the coating after EB curing of the resulting coating was 39.6 °, as shown in fig. 3.
Comparative example 2
Based on example 1, wherein the leveling agent was changed to the acrylate copolymer leveling agent (chemical 3354) of the same company, the initial contact angle of the coating after EB curing of the obtained coating was 15.7 °, as shown in fig. 4. If the leveling agent is changed into other polyether modified polydimethylsiloxane leveling agents sold in the market, the initial contact angle and the process contact angle of the coating after EB curing of the obtained coating are respectively close to those of the example 1, but the surface of the coating has sticky feel, and the durable contact angle is larger than 30 degrees.
Comparative example 3
Based on example 1, without the addition of 0.40g sodium allylsulfonate and other hydrophilic agents, the initial contact angle of the coating after EB curing of the resulting coating was 13.7 °, as shown in fig. 5.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.