CN116493008A - Coating slurry for catalyst, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Coating slurry for catalyst, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000006255 coating slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].[Ce] RCFVMJKOEJFGTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical group [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L platinum dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Pt]Cl CLSUSRZJUQMOHH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Rh+3] SONJTKJMTWTJCT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 34
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 21
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium nitrate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O JLDSOYXADOWAKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIPAVDUQVNMVSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ba+2].[Zr+4].[Ce+3] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ba+2].[Zr+4].[Ce+3] HIPAVDUQVNMVSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000009 barium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007581 slurry coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to tail gas catalysis, in particular to coating slurry for a catalyst, and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) Modifying cerium-zirconium solid solution and lanthanum into gamma-Al 2 O 3 Mixing with water with pH of 3-4, and ball milling; 2) Adding water-dissolved aluminum sol dry powder into the feed liquid obtained in the step 1), and continuing ball milling; 3) Adding noble metal salt into the feed liquid obtained in the step 2), and stirring to prepare coating slurry. The preparation method of the coating slurry for the catalyst solves the problems of complex pulping process, longer stirring time, more additives and higher cost of the existing catalyst coating slurry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to tail gas catalysis, in particular to coating slurry for a catalyst, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The three-way catalyst is usually prepared by taking noble metals Pt, rh and Pd as active components, and taking a cordierite first carrier and gamma-Al 2 O 3 For the second support (active coating), gamma-Al was used 2 O 3 Coating on cordierite with melting point up to 1350 deg.C, and directing gamma-Al 2 O 3 Ce, la, ba, zr and the like are added as modification aids, which can enhance the thermal stability of alumina, reduce the loss of specific surface area, improve the dispersity of noble metals, prevent metal aggregation and promote the water gas conversion. The active component is dispersed in a large ratio by a dipping methodgamma-Al of surface area 2 O 3 And (3) upper part. The three-way catalyst for vehicle refers to the incomplete combustion of fuel of internal combustion engine in the combustion process for various reasons, and the exhaust gas component comprises carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) Steam (H) 2 O), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen Oxides (NOX), lead compounds, sulfur compounds, and the like. Among them, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) are three major gaseous pollutants responsible for environmental pollution.
In order to eliminate the harm of the pollutants to the environment and human bodies, the most effective treatment method at present is to add a catalytic converter in an engine exhaust system to perform catalytic conversion on automobile exhaust before emission, and the basic principle is to oxidize and reduce CO, HC, NOX into carbon dioxide (CO) harmless to human health respectively through the action of a catalyst 2 ) Nitrogen (N) 2 ) And steam (H) 2 O). In the conversion process, if the catalyst can perform catalytic purification on three CO, HC, NOx harmful substances simultaneously, the catalyst is called a three-way catalyst (TWC), and a catalyst capable of converting only CO and HC is called a two-way catalyst (or an oxidation type catalyst). Three-way catalysts are also known as three-way catalysts, and two-way catalysts are also known as two-way catalysts.
Prolonged exposure to a hot environment during use can result in reduced catalyst activity. Al in coating material 2 O 3 Phase transition and micropore sintering can occur, and the specific surface area of the catalyst is reduced sharply, so that the growth sintering and aggregation of noble metal active components and auxiliary agent oxidation decoration crystal grains are enhanced, and the performance of the catalyst is reduced. In recent years, in order for the catalyst to exhibit good activity immediately upon starting of the engine, the catalyst device is installed closer to the engine, which requires better thermal stability of the catalyst. Research and development of a three-way catalyst for purifying automobile exhaust stable at high temperature has become a hot spot in recent years.
CN100396363C reports a three-way catalyst using alumina-supported cerium-zirconium solid solution as a carrier, and the active component is Pd. The cerium-zirconium solid solution accounts for 10-50wtwt% of the catalyst mass, and the Pd loading accounts for the catalyst0.5-1.5wt% of the weight. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing a mixed solution of cerium-zirconium soluble salt and citric acid, soaking the mixed solution on alumina powder, and drying, roasting and the like to obtain the alumina-supported cerium-zirconium composite oxide carrier. Soaking noble metal solution, stoving, roasting, reduction and other steps to obtain Pd/CeZr/Al 2 O 3 A three-way catalyst.
CN101773830a reports a preparation method of a high-temperature stable catalyst for catalytic purification of automobile exhaust, and the prepared high-temperature stable material is a composite oxide solid solution composed of noble metal, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide and an auxiliary agent. Compared with the three-effect catalytic material obtained by the traditional impregnation method, the catalyst prepared by the invention can ensure that noble metal oxide exists stably under the high temperature condition, has good catalytic effect and can reach the standard of exhaust emission.
CN101695661B reports a three-way catalyst capable of improving the treatment effect of a class compound (HC) in the exhaust gas of a lean-burn engine and also having the purification treatment effect on carbon monoxide (CO) and hydroxide (NO), and a preparation method thereof. In the preparation of the catalyst, water-soluble cerium salt, zirconium salt and barium salt form an aqueous solution mixture, and the aqueous solution mixture is dropwise added into an aqueous solution containing a precipitant. And (3) drying, grinding and roasting the formed solid to obtain cerium-zirconium-barium oxide, then impregnating copper salt aqueous solution, drying and roasting to obtain the catalyst.
CN102728383a reports that one of the two phases Pd (NO 3 ) 2 Adding the aqueous solution, cerium nitrate, nickel nitrate and manganese nitrate into deionized water, and stirring to form a solution; adding lanthanum modified alumina, pseudo-boehmite and cerium-zirconium solid solution, regulating the pH to 3-4 by concentrated nitric acid, and coating the slurry on the cordierite honeycomb ceramic carrier under vacuum; and drying and roasting to obtain the catalyst.
The process for forming stable slurry by the method is complex, generally requires multi-step feeding and multi-step stirring, and also adds various dispersing agents, auxiliary agents and other additives, and meanwhile, the noble metal is added by adopting an equal-volume impregnation method, so that the method has high operation difficulty and high cost in industry. Therefore, there is a need for a three-way catalyst coating slurry preparation process that is simple to form stable slurries, while at the same time saving precious metal costs.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems.
The invention provides a preparation method of coating slurry for a catalyst, which solves the problems of complex pulping process, longer stirring time, more additives and higher cost of the existing catalyst coating slurry.
A method of preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst, comprising:
1) Modifying cerium-zirconium solid solution and lanthanum into gamma-Al 2 O 3 Mixing with water with pH of 3-4, and ball milling;
2) Adding water-dissolved aluminum sol dry powder into the feed liquid obtained in the step 1), and continuing ball milling;
3) Adding noble metal salt into the feed liquid obtained in the step 2), and stirring to prepare coating slurry.
In some embodiments, the cerium content in the cerium-zirconium solid solution is 35-45wt% and the zirconium content is 45-55wt%; for example, the cerium content is 40wt% and the zirconium content is 50wt%. In some embodiments, the cerium-zirconium solid solution further comprises one, two or three of lanthanum, yttrium and neodymium. In some embodiments, the cerium-zirconium solid solution contains 4wt% lanthanum, 2wt% yttrium, and 4wt% neodymium; in other embodiments, the cerium-zirconium solid solution contains 5wt% lanthanum and 5wt% yttrium. The research shows that the cerium-zirconium solid solution can further reduce the consumption of noble metal and achieve higher catalytic activity.
In some embodiments, the lanthanum-modified gamma-Al 2 O 3 The lanthanum content of the alloy is 3-5wt%, for example 4wt%. Research shows that the lanthanum modified gamma-Al is selected 2 O 3 Can increase the thermal stability of the coating and prolong the service life of the catalyst.
In some embodiments, the cerium zirconium solid solution and lanthanum modified gamma-Al in the coating slurry 2 O 3 The mass ratio of (2) is 1:0.8-1.2, for example 1:1. Research shows that the selection of the proportion can fully utilize the oxygen storage performance of cerium and zirconium and ensure that the alumina is used as the active component for carryingBody effect.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of aluminum sol dry powder to water in the coating slurry is 1:7-9, such as 1:7, 1:7.2, 1:7.5, 1:7.8, 1:8, 1:8.2, 1:8.5, 1:8.8, 1:9. It was found that the selection of the ratio can adjust the viscosity of the slurry to a state suitable for coating, and the coating strength can be ensured.
In some embodiments, the aluminum sol dry powder is 99.99% nano alumina by mass, optionally with an average particle size of 10-40nm, optionally consisting essentially of alpha-Al 2 O 3 The composition is formed. The research shows that the aluminum sol dry powder can expand the process window of the pulping process, conveniently adjust the proportion of water and binder, and simultaneously, compared with other liquid sol binders, the solid aluminum sol is more favorable for storage in the production process, and further reduces the cost.
In some embodiments, the ball milling is planetary ball milling, and the mass of zirconium balls of the planetary ball milling is 4-6 times, e.g., 5 times, the mass of cerium-zirconium solid solution. Research shows that the ball milling efficiency can be improved by selecting the proportion, the ball milling force is insufficient due to the fact that the proportion is too low, the filling degree of a ball milling tank can be reduced due to the fact that the proportion is too high, and the productivity is reduced.
In some embodiments, the planetary ball mill of step 1) has set parameters of rotational speed of 250-350rpm and dispersion time of 5-60min; further in some embodiments, the planetary ball mill setting parameter is rotational speed 300rpm and the dispersion time is 15 minutes. The research shows that the selection of the parameters can improve the dispersion efficiency as much as possible under the condition of ensuring the full dispersion of the slurry.
In some embodiments, the setting parameters of the planetary ball mill of the ball mill in the step 2) are that the rotating speed is 250-350rpm, and the dispersing time is 5-60min; further in some embodiments, the planetary ball mill setting parameter is rotational speed 300rpm and the dispersion time is 10 minutes. The research shows that under the condition that the selection of parameters can ensure the full dispersion of the slurry, the dispersion efficiency is improved as much as possible.
In some embodiments, the noble metal salt is selected from platinum dichloride, palladium nitrate, rhodium chloride, and the like.
In some embodiments, the noble metal salt is present in the coating slurry in an amount of 0.3-2 wt.%, for example 0.3 wt.%, 0.5 wt.%, 0.8 wt.%, 1 wt.%, 1.2 wt.%, 1.5 wt.%, 1.8 wt.%, 2 wt.%.
In some embodiments, the pH of the coating slurry is 3-4.
In some embodiments, the coating slurry is prepared without aging.
In some embodiments, the coating slurry is prepared as follows: modifying cerium-zirconium solid solution and lanthanum into gamma-Al 2 O 3 Mixing, adding the mixture into water with pH value of 3-4, ball milling for a period of time, adding aluminum sol dry powder dissolved by stirring, continuing ball milling for a period of time, discharging, adding noble metal salt into the slurry, and stirring for a period of time to obtain the slurry, namely the coating slurry.
The invention also comprises the coating slurry prepared by the method.
The invention also comprises the application of the coating slurry prepared by the method in the monolithic catalyst.
The invention also provides a monolithic catalyst comprising a support and the above coating slurry coated on the support.
In some embodiments, the support is a cordierite honeycomb ceramic.
In some embodiments, the slurry is loaded on the carrier at a loading of 15 to 20wt%.
In some embodiments, the monolithic catalyst is a three-way catalyst.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the integral catalyst, which comprises the step of directly coating the coating slurry on cordierite honeycomb ceramics, wherein the slurry loading rate is optionally 15-20wt%.
The invention mainly selects the aluminum sol dry powder as the binder, uses the binder and the slurry to be dispersed separately, and carries out the two-step ball milling process, so that the state of the slurry can meet the coating requirement without adding other auxiliary agents, and the slurry does not need to be aged, thereby greatly shortening the process steps and solving the process cost.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the coating slurry has the following advantages:
unlike the prior art, which uses aluminum sol, acidic or alkaline silica sol and zirconium sol as binders, the invention selects aluminum sol dry powder as a binder, and does not need other additives, and only improves the state of the slurry by adjusting the pH of the slurry, so that the viscosity of the slurry meets the requirement of being capable of being coated, and meanwhile, the pH of the slurry has the following rule: as the slurry pH is adjusted downward, the slurry viscosity increases with it. Depending on this property, we can also adjust different slurry viscosities as desired.
The Zeta potential value of the coating slurry obtained by the preparation method of the invention is obviously increased compared with the traditional liquid sol, and can be increased from 15.65mv to 44.53mv, namely more uniformly dispersed positive ions exist in the coating slurry, and the corresponding molecular sieve coating slurry will not have sedimentation phenomenon. Thoroughly solves the problems of instability and easy sedimentation of molecular sieve slurry. The coating prepared by the method has good stability and good coating strength, namely low shedding rate. The one-time coating load rate can reach 18.18wt% and the falling rate can reach below 1 wt%.
The invention thoroughly solves the problem of the stability of the coating slurry, so that the coating slurry can be stored for a certain time, does not settle for 6 months at most, and keeps a stable state, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty of the coating process, ensuring that the coating process is easier to operate, and widening the operation window of the coating process.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. Unless defined otherwise, technical terms used in the following examples have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. The experimental reagents used in the following examples are all conventional biochemical reagents unless otherwise specified; the test methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The aluminum sol dry powder used in the embodiment of the invention is nano aluminum oxide with the mass fraction of 99.99wt% and the average particle size of 10-40nm, and can be a common commercial product nano aluminum sol dry powder or self-made. The self-making method comprises the following steps: lemon using aluminium nitrate as aluminium sourceThe acid is a stabilizer, the molar ratio is 3:1, and the solution is dissolved in a certain volume of distilled water, and the concentration of the finally obtained solution is about 2.5mol/L. The prepared solution is put into a magnetic stirrer, the rotation speed is about 800rpm, the solution is respectively stirred for 4 hours at room temperature, then the temperature is raised to 100 ℃, and the mixture is stirred and kept for 1-2 hours, thus obtaining pale yellow colloid. Placing the obtained sol into a baking oven, heating at 150deg.C to obtain gel powder, placing the obtained gel powder into a muffle furnace, calcining at 800deg.C and 1200deg.C for 2 hr, naturally cooling to obtain white powder, and XRD measuring to obtain aluminum sol powder mainly composed of alpha-Al 2 O 3 The composition is formed.
The cerium-zirconium solid solution provided by the embodiment of the invention contains 40wt% of cerium, 50wt% of zirconium, 4wt% of lanthanum, 2wt% of yttrium and 4wt% of neodymium.
The lanthanum content of the lanthanum-modified gamma-alumina used in the examples of the present invention was 4wt%.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a coating slurry for a catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
30g of cerium zirconium solid solution and 30g of lanthanum modified gamma-Al 2 O 3 Mixing, adding 70g of water with pH of 3, ball milling at 300rpm for 15min, adding aluminum sol dry powder dissolved by stirring, wherein the amount of the dissolved aluminum sol dry powder is 16.67g, adding 50g of water, continuing ball milling at 300rpm for 10min, discharging, adding 0.3146g of platinum dichloride and 0.0627g of palladium nitrate into the slurry, and stirring for a period of time to obtain the coating slurry.
The slurry was subjected to viscosity and Zeta point characterization, the results of which are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
This example provides a method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst, which differs from example 1 only in that: preparation of cerium zirconium solid solutions and lanthanum modified gamma-Al 2 O 3 The pH of the water used for the feed solution was 4.
The slurry was subjected to viscosity and Zeta point characterization, the results of which are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
This example provides a method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst, which differs from example 1 only in that: the first ball milling time was 60min.
Example 4
This example provides a method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst, which differs from example 1 only in that: the first ball milling time was 5min.
Comparative example 1
A method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst, comprising the steps of: 0.3146g of platinum dichloride is soaked in 30g of cerium-zirconium solid solution in an equal volume mode, the soaked mixture is dried at 120 ℃ for 2h and calcined at 550 ℃ for 2h to obtain a precursor A, 0.0627g of palladium nitrate is soaked in 30g of gamma-alumina in an equal volume mode, the soaked mixture is dried at 120 ℃ for 2h and calcined at 550 ℃ for 2h to obtain a precursor B, the precursor A, the precursor B and 120g of deionized water are mixed, 16.67g of aluminum sol dry powder is added, ball milling is carried out for 25min to form slurry, and Zeta point characterization is carried out on the slurry, and the results are shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
A method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst, comprising the steps of: 30g of cerium zirconium solid solution and 30g of lanthanum modified gamma-Al 2 O 3 Mixing, adding 70g of water with pH=3, ball milling for 15min, adding acidic silica sol with solid content of 25wt%, ball milling for 10min, discharging, adding 0.3146g of platinum dichloride and 0.0627g of palladium nitrate into the slurry, and stirring for a period of time to obtain the coating slurry. The slurry was subjected to viscosity and Zeta point characterization, the results of which are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
A method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst, comprising the steps of: 30g of cerium zirconium solid solution and 30g of lanthanum modified gamma-Al 2 O 3 Mixing, adding 70g of water with pH=3, ball milling for 15min, adding zirconium sol with solid content of 25wt%, ball milling for 10min, discharging, adding 0.3146g of platinum dichloride and 0.0627g of palladium nitrate into the slurry, and stirring for a period of time to obtain the coating slurry. The slurry was subjected to viscosity and Zeta point characterization, the results of which are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 4
A method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst, comprising the steps of: 30g of cerium zirconium solid solution and 30g of lanthanum modified gamma-Al 2 O 3 Mixing, adding 70g of water with pH=3, ball milling for 15min, adding aluminum sol with solid content of 25wt%, ball milling for 10min, discharging, adding 0.3146g of platinum dichloride and 0.0627g of palladium nitrate into the slurry, and stirring for a period of time to obtain the coating slurry. The slurry was subjected to viscosity and Zeta point characterization, the results of which are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides a method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst, which differs from example 1 only in that: the first ball milling time is 90min.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example provides a method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst, which differs from example 1 only in that: the rotational speed of the ball mill was 200rpm.
Experimental example performance test:
1. viscosity and potential values of the slurries obtained in examples and comparative examples:
the viscosity detection method comprises the following steps: testing was performed using a conventional rotational viscometer.
The potential value detection method comprises the following steps: the samples were tested using a Mechik Nanotrac wave II nanoparticle size and Zeta potentiometer.
TABLE 1 Zeta potential test results for coating slips obtained in examples and comparative examples
| Sample of | Viscosity, mpa.s | Potential, mV |
| Example 1 | 96.5 | 44.53 |
| Example 2 | 82.2 | 40.86 |
| Example 3 | 111.5 | 44.65 |
| Example 4 | 78.3 | 37.44 |
| Comparative example 1 | 125.8 | 35.48 |
| Comparative example 2 | 64.9 | 16.49 |
| Comparative example 3 | 43.7 | 15.65 |
| Comparative example 4 | 67.4 | 17.84 |
| Comparative example 5 | 165.5 | 48.37 |
| Comparative example 6 | 46.1 | 30.35 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the viscosity of the slurry obtained in the embodiment of the invention is relatively suitable, the viscosity of the slurry obtained in the comparative example 1 is too high, the viscosity of the slurry obtained in other comparative examples is too low, the Zeta potential values of the embodiments are both larger than those of the comparative examples, the stability of the slurry is obviously improved, the slurry is dispersed by adopting a planetary mill, the dispersion efficiency is high, and meanwhile, compared with the aluminum sol slurry, the viscosity of the silica sol slurry is more stable and aging is not needed, so that the slurry preparation time is shortened as a whole.
It can be seen from examples 1-2 and comparative examples 2-4 that the use of aluminum sol dry powder provides better slurry stability than other binders.
From the above, it can be seen that the aluminum sol dry powder slurry can directly reach a stable state without aging process, and the slurry potential value of other binders is lower, so the method of the invention can greatly shorten the process and improve the stability of the slurry.
2. Load and drop-off Rate of the slurries obtained in examples and comparative examples
The method for testing the load rate and the falling rate comprises the following steps:
coating the obtained slurry onDrying the cordierite honeycomb ceramic with the height of 76.2mm in a drying oven at 120 ℃ for 1h, and then placing the dried cordierite honeycomb ceramic into a muffle furnace for calcining at 550 ℃ for 2h to obtain the integral catalyst, and weighing, wherein the weight is obtained by subtracting the weight of the cordierite honeycomb ceramic and dividing the weight of the cordierite honeycomb ceramic by the weight, namely the load factor. The prepared monolithic catalyst was purged with compressed air at a pressure of 0.6mpa for 2min, weighed, and the reduced mass divided by the mass of the finishing catalyst was the falling off rate, and the results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 loading and shedding rates of samples
| Sample of | Load factor, wt% | The falling rate is wt% |
| Example 1 | 18.18 | 0.62 |
| Example 2 | 17.31 | 0.33 |
| Example 3 | 16.64 | 0.57 |
| Example 4 | 17.08 | .0.98 |
| Comparative example 1 | 16.48 | 3.69 |
| Comparative example 2 | 13.29 | 3.11 |
| Comparative example 3 | 13.36 | 4.14 |
| Comparative example 4 | 12.37 | 2.98 |
| Comparative example 5 | 11.71 | 0.67 |
| Comparative example 6 | 14.42 | 2.38 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the loading rates of the catalyst coating in the example 1 of the present invention are approximately 18.18wt% and 16.48wt% respectively, and the catalyst coating is about 3.07wt% lower than that in the comparative example 1 of the conventional preparation method, which means that the strength of the catalyst coating of the present invention is improved without affecting the loading rate.
As can be seen from examples 1-2 and comparative examples 2-4, the use of the aluminum sol dry powder as a binder can reduce the falling rate of the slurry and make the slurry more stable than the use of other binders. The slurry obtained by the method of the invention can not influence the load rate due to uneven coating caused by poor stability, and has good stability, even coating, no agglomeration and other phenomena, so that the slurry can be combined with cordierite honeycomb ceramics more firmly, and the falling rate is reduced.
3. Catalytic Activity test of samples
The monolithic catalysts obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were subjected to catalytic performance test under the conditions of co=1.5 wt% and C for the catalysts after purging and falling off in example 1 and comparative example 1 3 H 8 ＝600ppm，C 3 H 6 ＝300ppm，CO 2 ＝8wt％，H 2 O:10wt％，H 2 ＝2000ppm，NO＝1000ppm，N 2 The conversion of the CO, NO and CH compounds obtained under the condition of the space velocity of 60000h-1 for balancing the gas is shown in Table 3.
Table 3 results of the catalytic Activity test of the samples
As can be seen from Table 3, the conversion rates of CO, NO and CH compounds in the examples 1-2 are higher than those in the comparative examples 1-4, probably because the slurry stability in the comparative examples 1-4 is poor, so that uneven coating on cordierite honeycomb ceramics causes phenomena such as hole blocking, agglomeration and the like, and the catalytic efficiency is affected; on the other hand, the poor coating stability of the slurry can cause the slurry to be coated on the cordierite honeycomb ceramic insecurely, so that partial slurry coating can be fallen off in the catalytic process, and the catalytic efficiency can be affected. The conversion after the drop of example 1 and comparative example 1 was reduced but not significantly reduced. In addition, the preparation process is relatively simple, the flow is short, and the viscosity of the molecular sieve coating slurry prepared by the preparation method is stable, so that the viscosity of the slurry is not changed even after stirring, the difficulty of the coating process is greatly reduced, and the coating process is easier to operate.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst, comprising:
1) Modifying cerium-zirconium solid solution and lanthanum into gamma-Al 2 O 3 Mixing with water with pH of 3-4, and ball milling;
2) Adding water-dissolved aluminum sol dry powder into the feed liquid obtained in the step 1), and continuing ball milling;
3) Adding noble metal salt into the feed liquid obtained in the step 2), and stirring to prepare coating slurry.
2. The method for producing a coating slurry for a catalyst according to claim 1, wherein the cerium content in the cerium-zirconium solid solution is 35 to 45wt% and the zirconium content is 45 to 55wt%; alternatively, the cerium content is 40wt% and the zirconium content is 50wt%; optionally, the cerium-zirconium solid solution further contains one, two or three of lanthanum, yttrium and neodymium.
3. The method for producing a coating slurry for a catalyst according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lanthanum-modified γ -Al 2 O 3 The lanthanum content in the alloy is 3-5wt%, optionally 4wt%.
4. A method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cerium-zirconium solid solution and lanthanum-modified γ -Al in the coating slurry 2 O 3 The mass ratio of (2) is 1:0.8-1.2, optionally 1:1.
5. The method for producing a coating slurry for a catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum sol dry powder to water in the coating slurry is 1:7 to 9; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the aluminum sol dry powder is nano aluminum oxide with the mass fraction of 99.99 percent, and the optional average particle size is 10-40nm.
6. The method for producing a coating slurry for a catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the noble metal salt is selected from the group consisting of platinum dichloride, palladium nitrate, rhodium chloride;
optionally, the content of noble metal salt in the coating slurry is 0.3-2wt%; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the pH of the coating slurry is 3-4.
7. The method for preparing a coating slurry for a catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the set parameters of the planetary ball milling of the ball mill in step 1) are rotation speed of 250 to 350rpm, and the dispersion time is 5 to 60min; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
setting parameters of planetary ball milling in the step 2) are that the rotating speed is 250-350rpm, and the dispersing time is 5-60min.
8. A coating slurry prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-7.
9. Use of the coating slurry of claim 8 in a monolith catalyst; optionally, the monolithic catalyst is a three-way catalyst.
10. A monolithic catalyst comprising a support and the coating slurry of claim 8 coated on said support.
Optionally, the carrier is cordierite honeycomb ceramic;
optionally, the slurry has a loading rate on the carrier of 15-20wt%;
optionally, the monolithic catalyst is a three-way catalyst.
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