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CN116476696A - High-voltage architecture new energy automobile system and control method - Google Patents

High-voltage architecture new energy automobile system and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116476696A
CN116476696A CN202211706202.9A CN202211706202A CN116476696A CN 116476696 A CN116476696 A CN 116476696A CN 202211706202 A CN202211706202 A CN 202211706202A CN 116476696 A CN116476696 A CN 116476696A
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China
Prior art keywords
relay
charging
voltage
vehicle
bms
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Withdrawn
Application number
CN202211706202.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
阎全忠
张连新
江运宝
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Shangrao Luoxin Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Shangrao Luoxin Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202211706202.9A priority Critical patent/CN116476696A/en
Publication of CN116476696A publication Critical patent/CN116476696A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method of a high-voltage architecture new energy automobile system machine, which comprises the following steps: main negative relay, shunt, pyrofuse, fuse, hall, main positive relay, motor electric control pre-charge resistor, battery module, BMS, module pre-charge relay, module pre-charge resistor, series relay, parallel relay, high-voltage load, quick-charge positive relay, quick-charge negative relay, battery module includes M 1 ，M 2 ，M 3 ...M N The module pre-charging resistor preferably selects a low-internal-resistance high-power type pre-charging resistor, and ensures that the voltages at the two ends of the relay are respectively charged and discharged to equal values. The invention changes the serial-parallel connection relation of the battery modules to support the charging architecture of the electric vehicle compatible with 400V and 800V charging and discharging voltages and the control method thereof, and solves the problem of electricityWhen the battery packs are connected in parallel, the problem that electric devices are damaged or the service life of the battery cells is influenced due to overlarge pressure difference and overlarge charge and discharge current is solved, and meanwhile, the influence on the whole vehicle load when charging the charging piles of different voltage platforms is solved.

Description

High-voltage architecture new energy automobile system and control method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a high-voltage framework new energy automobile system. Meanwhile, the invention also relates to a control method of the high-voltage construction new energy automobile.
Background
With the development of new energy automobiles, the charging anxiety is solved. New energy automobiles are developing to a fast-charging 800V system, and the current highest output voltage of the charging pile is only 500V or 750V, so that the charging requirement of the 800V high-voltage system cannot be met. For this reason, an 800V ultra-fast charging port and a 400V direct current charging port +400V boosting module are adopted for the 800V platform new energy automobile. The method has the advantages that the boosting module is added, the voltage of the whole vehicle is increased to the insulation device, and the design requirement of the DCDC inverter is also increased, so that the cost of the whole vehicle is increased greatly, and the system and the control method of the high-voltage construction new energy automobile are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a high-voltage-structure new energy automobile system and a control method, which solve the problems that when a battery pack is connected in parallel, the voltage difference is overlarge, and the charge and discharge current is overlarge, so that an electric device is damaged or the service life of a battery core is influenced, and simultaneously, the influence on the whole automobile load when charging piles of different voltage platforms are charged is solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a high pressure architecture new energy automobile system comprising:
main negative relay, shunt, pyrofuse, fuse, hall, main positive relay, automatically controlled prefill relay of motor, automatically controlled prefill resistor of motor, battery module, BMS, module prefill relay, module prefill resistor, series relay, parallel relay, high-voltage load, quick charge positive relay, quick charge negative relay, battery module includes M 1 ，M 2 ，M 3 ...M N ；
The number of the battery cell strings of the battery module needs to meet even number requirements, the module structure and the number can not be subjected to odd-even number requirements, but the number of the battery modules needs to meet M 1 +M 2 The number of the electric cores is equal to M 3 +M 4 The voltage of two sides is ensured to be equal;
the module pre-charging relay, the module pre-charging resistor and the BMS are interactive, and before the battery module is switched from series connection to parallel connection, the BMS confirms M through voltage acquisition 1 +M 2 Voltage sum of (2) and M 3 +M 4 When M is the sum of the voltages of 1 +M 2 Voltage sum of (2) and M 3 +M 4 When the voltage and the pressure difference of the relay are larger than the closing pressure difference which can be born by the parallel relay, the module is required to be closed to precharge the relay after the parallel relay is closed, and the voltage at the two ends of the relay is charged and discharged, so that the pressure difference is ensured to be smaller than the tolerance pressure difference of the relay.
The module group pre-charging resistor preferably selects a low-internal-resistance high-power type pre-charging resistor, and ensures that voltages at two ends of the relay are respectively charged and discharged to equal values.
Preferably, the default serial-parallel mode of the battery module is determined according to a whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, specifically:
when the whole vehicle high-voltage load is an 800V voltage platform, the series relay is closed by default and the parallel relay is opened by default in a vehicle running mode;
when the whole vehicle high-voltage load is a 400V voltage platform, the series relay is opened by default and the parallel relay is closed by default in a vehicle driving mode.
Preferably, the BMS includes:
the slave board is used for monitoring the single voltage and single temperature information of the module in real time, transmitting the information to the main board, and has a battery equalization function, and the communication mode between the slave board and the main board is usually CAN communication or daisy chain communication;
the main board collects sampling information from each slave board, communicates with the whole vehicle through a low-voltage electric interface, controls the relay in the high-voltage breaking box to act, monitors each state of the battery, and ensures the safe use of the battery in the charging and discharging process;
the BDU is connected with the whole vehicle high-voltage load and the quick charging harness through a high-voltage electrical interface, and comprises a pre-charging circuit, a total positive relay, a total negative relay and a quick charging relay, and is controlled by a main board;
the high-voltage control board is integrated on the main board, monitors the voltage and the current of the battery pack in real time, and simultaneously also comprises a pre-charge detection function and an insulation detection function.
The method is based on the high-voltage new energy automobile system, the charging voltage is judged through a vehicle-mounted charging control module arranged in the vehicle, and the high-voltage new energy automobile system controls the charging of the vehicle according to different charging voltages.
Preferably, when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 400V, the method comprises the following steps:
when a 400V charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) The vehicle-mounted charging control module judges whether 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, if so, 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be disconnected, and the parallel relay is closed, so that the battery module M is enabled 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 For parallel connection, the BMS battery management system judges the pressure difference of two ends of the relay before executing the series-parallel connection relay, or else, the series-parallel connection relay can be controlled to be disconnected after entering a module parallel connection pre-charging mode, and the parallel connection relay is closed;
2) The BMS battery management system controls the closing of the main negative relay, controls the closing of the motor electric control pre-charging relay to perform pre-charging process on the electric control of the whole vehicle high-voltage motor, and closes the main positive relay to complete the high-voltage power-on process of the whole vehicle after the pre-charging is completed, so that the normal work of the air conditioning system of the whole vehicle can be ensured while the charging is performed;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charging flow to perform a fast charging mode;
4) After the high-voltage 400V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
Preferably, when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 400V, the method comprises the following steps:
when an 800V super-fast-rate charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) The vehicle-mounted charging control module judges whether 800V standard direct current charging is carried out, if so, 800V standard direct current charging is carried out, the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be closed and opened, and the parallel relay is opened, so that the battery module M is enabled 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 Is connected in series;
2) The BMS battery management system controls not to execute a high-voltage mode on the whole vehicle, and the main negative relay and the main positive relay default off state so as to avoid overvoltage damage of electric components of the whole vehicle;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charge positive electrode relay and the fast charge negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charge flow to carry out a super fast charge mode;
4) After the high-voltage 800V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 800V:
when a 400V charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) The vehicle-mounted charging control module judges whether 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, if so, 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be disconnected, and the parallel relay is closed, so that the battery module M is enabled 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 For parallel connection, the BMS battery management system judges the pressure difference of two ends of the relay before executing the series-parallel connection relay, or else, the series-parallel connection relay can be controlled to be disconnected after entering a module parallel connection pre-charging mode, and the parallel connection relay is closed;
2) The BMS battery management system controls not to execute the high-voltage mode on the whole vehicle, and the main negative relay and the main positive relay default off state so as to avoid the under-voltage alarm of electric components of the whole vehicle;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charging flow to perform a fast charging mode;
4) After the high-voltage 400V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 800V:
when the 800V charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) The vehicle-mounted charging control module judges whether the vehicle-mounted charging control module is in national standard or European standard 800V standard direct current charging, if so, the vehicle-mounted charging control module carries out the national standard or European standard 800V standard direct current charging, and the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be closed and opened, and the parallel relay is opened, so that the battery module M is formed 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 Is connected in series;
2) The BMS battery management system controls the closing of the main negative relay, controls the closing of the motor electric control pre-charging relay to perform pre-charging process on the electric control of the whole vehicle high-voltage motor, and closes the main positive relay to complete the high-voltage power-on process of the whole vehicle after the pre-charging is completed, so that the normal work of the air conditioning system of the whole vehicle can be ensured while the charging is performed;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charge positive electrode relay and the fast charge negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charge flow to carry out a super fast charge mode;
4) After the high-voltage 800V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
Preferably, the VCU is configured to receive feedback information of each subsystem of the whole vehicle, and provide decision feedback for a driver; sending control instructions to all subsystems of the whole vehicle to realize normal running of the vehicle;
meanwhile, the VCU is used for managing the energy of the whole vehicle so as to improve the utilization rate of the energy; when the SOC value of the battery is lower, the whole vehicle controller sends out instructions to some electric accessories, and the output power of the electric accessories is limited to increase the driving range.
Preferably, the vehicle-mounted charging control module includes:
the power supply device is used for supplying power to the vehicle-mounted charging control module, the vehicle-mounted charging control module is connected to the battery management system main control module BMS through the communication interface circuit, and the vehicle-mounted charging control module is connected with the BMS wake-up circuit and the charging interface circuit;
the BMS wake-up circuit is used for waking up a battery management system main control module BMS, and the charging interface circuit is used for detecting the state of the charging gun;
the vehicle-mounted charging control module periodically detects the state of a charging gun through the charging interface circuit, and when the charging gun is detected to be inserted into a vehicle-mounted charging socket, the BMS wake-up circuit activates the battery management system main control module BMS and controls the power control switch to be kept closed.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention changes the serial-parallel connection relation of the battery module to support the electric vehicle charging architecture compatible with two charging and discharging voltages of 400V and 800V and the control method thereof;
meanwhile, a pre-charging scheme is adopted, so that the problem that when the battery packs are connected in parallel, the voltage difference is too large, and the charge and discharge current is too large, so that an electric device is damaged or the service life of a battery cell is influenced is solved;
finally, the invention solves the influence on the whole vehicle load when the charging piles of different voltage platforms are charged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a high voltage architecture new energy automobile system architecture of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a BMS system architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a functional architecture diagram of a BMS system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a high-voltage architecture new energy automobile system as shown in figure 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components:
main negative relay, shunt, pyrofuse, fuse, hall, main positive relay, automatically controlled prefill relay of motor, automatically controlled prefill resistor of motor, battery module, BMS, module prefill relay, module prefill resistor, series relay, parallel relay, high-voltage load, quick charge positive relay, quick charge negative relay, battery module includes M 1 ，M 2 ，M 3 ...M N ；
The number of the battery cell strings of the battery module needs to meet even number requirements, the module structure and the number can not be subjected to odd-even number requirements, but the number of the battery modules needs to meet M 1 +M 2 The number of the electric cores is equal to M 3 +M 4 The voltage of two sides is ensured to be equal;
the module pre-charging relay, the module pre-charging resistor and the BMS are interactive, and before the battery module is switched from series connection to parallel connection, the BMS confirms M through voltage acquisition 1 +M 2 Voltage sum of (2) and M 3 +M 4 When M is the sum of the voltages of 1 +M 2 Voltage sum of (2) and M 3 +M 4 When the voltage and the pressure difference of the relay are larger than the closing pressure difference which can be born by the parallel relay, the module is required to be closed to precharge the relay after the parallel relay is closed, and the voltage at the two ends of the relay is charged and discharged, so that the pressure difference is ensured to be smaller than the tolerance pressure difference of the relay.
The module group pre-charging resistor preferably selects a low-internal-resistance high-power type pre-charging resistor, and ensures that voltages at two ends of the relay are respectively charged and discharged to equal values.
It is worth speaking that, the default serial-parallel mode of the battery module is determined according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, and specifically comprises the following steps:
when the whole vehicle high-voltage load is an 800V voltage platform, the series relay is closed by default and the parallel relay is opened by default in a vehicle running mode;
when the whole vehicle high-voltage load is a 400V voltage platform, the series relay is opened by default and the parallel relay is closed by default in a vehicle driving mode.
As an alternative to this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the BMS includes:
the slave board is used for monitoring the single voltage and single temperature information of the module in real time, transmitting the information to the main board, and has a battery equalization function, and the communication mode between the slave board and the main board is usually CAN communication or daisy chain communication;
the main board collects sampling information from each slave board, communicates with the whole vehicle through a low-voltage electric interface, controls the relay in the high-voltage breaking box to act, monitors each state of the battery, and ensures the safe use of the battery in the charging and discharging process;
the BDU is connected with the whole vehicle high-voltage load and the quick charging harness through a high-voltage electrical interface, and comprises a pre-charging circuit, a total positive relay, a total negative relay and a quick charging relay, and is controlled by a main board;
the high-voltage control board is integrated on the main board, monitors the voltage and the current of the battery pack in real time, and simultaneously also comprises a pre-charge detection function and an insulation detection function.
As shown in fig. 3, the functions of the battery management system may be divided into a measurement function, a core algorithm, and an application function, and are specifically as follows:
the measurement function mainly comprises:
and the voltage sampling and the temperature sampling of the module, the total voltage sampling and the total current sampling of the Pack, the high-voltage interlocking detection and the insulation detection are performed. The measurement function monitors the basic state of the battery in real time, is the basis of all functions of the BMS, and is difficult to execute all core algorithms and application functions of the BMS after the measurement is separated.
The core algorithm mainly comprises the following steps:
SOC (state of charge) algorithm, SOH (state of life) algorithm, SOP (power state) algorithm, battery equalization algorithm. Friends who like the challenge algorithm can challenge.
The SOC algorithm, typical schemes in the industry include ampere-hour integration, open-circuit voltage, artificial neural network and kalman filtering, and only one scheme has defects, and the current mainstream scheme is a mode of using ampere-hour integration plus kalman filtering.
The SOH algorithm is commonly used at present, namely a coulomb calculation algorithm plus an open-circuit voltage and a Kalman filtering algorithm.
The SOP algorithm is realized by a table look-up method according to test data.
The principle of the balancing function can be associated with the principle of a wooden barrel, and two methods of active balancing and passive balancing exist.
The application functions mainly comprise:
high voltage power up-down and low voltage power up-down, alternating current charging and direct current charging, battery system thermal management and battery system fault diagnosis.
The high-voltage power-on and power-off and low-voltage power-on and power-off are realized by matching other controllers, such as a VCU and a BMS, and the BMS can supply power or charge to a whole vehicle high-voltage load after the high-voltage power-on is finished.
The direct current charging is to charge the power battery through the direct current charging pile, and battery thermal management mainly ensures that the battery is in a reasonable temperature range and the charging and discharging functions are in an optimal state.
In order to better explain the practical application of the high-voltage architecture new energy automobile system, the embodiment provides a control method of the high-voltage architecture new energy automobile, and the method is based on the high-voltage architecture new energy automobile system, and the charging voltage is judged through an onboard charging control module built in a vehicle, so that the high-voltage architecture new energy automobile system controls the charging of the vehicle according to different charging voltages.
Example 1
The method comprises the following steps when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 400V:
when a 400V charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) The vehicle-mounted charging control module judges whether 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, if so, 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be disconnected, and the parallel relay is closed, so that the battery module M is enabled 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 For parallel connection, the BMS battery management system judges the pressure difference of two ends of the relay before executing the series-parallel connection relay, or else, the series-parallel connection relay can be controlled to be disconnected after entering a module parallel connection pre-charging mode, and the parallel connection relay is closed;
2) The BMS battery management system controls the closing of the main negative relay, controls the closing of the motor electric control pre-charging relay to perform pre-charging process on the electric control of the whole vehicle high-voltage motor, and closes the main positive relay to complete the high-voltage power-on process of the whole vehicle after the pre-charging is completed, so that the normal work of the air conditioning system of the whole vehicle can be ensured while the charging is performed;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charging flow to perform a fast charging mode;
4) After the high-voltage 400V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 400V:
when an 800V super-fast-rate charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) The vehicle-mounted charging control module judges whether 800V standard direct current charging is carried out, if so, 800V standard direct current charging is carried out, the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be closed and opened, and the parallel relay is opened, so that the battery module M is enabled 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 Is connected in series;
2) The BMS battery management system controls not to execute a high-voltage mode on the whole vehicle, and the main negative relay and the main positive relay default off state so as to avoid overvoltage damage of electric components of the whole vehicle;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charge positive electrode relay and the fast charge negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charge flow to carry out a super fast charge mode;
4) After the high-voltage 800V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
Example 3
The method comprises the following steps when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 800V:
when a 400V charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) The vehicle-mounted charging control module judges whether 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, if so, 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be disconnected, and the parallel relay is closed, so that the battery module M is enabled 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 For parallel connection, the BMS battery management system judges the pressure difference of two ends of the relay before executing the series-parallel connection relay, or else, the series-parallel connection relay can be controlled to be disconnected after entering a module parallel connection pre-charging mode, and the parallel connection relay is closed;
2) The BMS battery management system controls not to execute the high-voltage mode on the whole vehicle, and the main negative relay and the main positive relay default off state so as to avoid the under-voltage alarm of electric components of the whole vehicle;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charging flow to perform a fast charging mode;
4) After the high-voltage 400V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
Example 4
The method comprises the following steps when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 800V:
when the 800V charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) Vehicle-mounted deviceThe charging control module judges whether the charging control module is national standard or European standard 800V standard direct current charging, if yes, the charging control module performs national standard or European standard 800V standard direct current charging, and the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be closed and opened, and the parallel relay is opened, so that the battery module M is formed 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 Is connected in series;
2) The BMS battery management system controls the closing of the main negative relay, controls the closing of the motor electric control pre-charging relay to perform pre-charging process on the electric control of the whole vehicle high-voltage motor, and closes the main positive relay to complete the high-voltage power-on process of the whole vehicle after the pre-charging is completed, so that the normal work of the air conditioning system of the whole vehicle can be ensured while the charging is performed;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charge positive electrode relay and the fast charge negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charge flow to carry out a super fast charge mode;
4) After the high-voltage 800V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
In summary, the VCU is configured to receive feedback information of each subsystem of the whole vehicle, and provide decision feedback for the driver; sending control instructions to all subsystems of the whole vehicle to realize normal running of the vehicle;
meanwhile, the VCU is used for managing the energy of the whole vehicle so as to improve the utilization rate of the energy; when the SOC value of the battery is lower, the whole vehicle controller sends out instructions to some electric accessories, limits the output power of the electric accessories to increase the driving range, and the vehicle-mounted charging control module comprises:
the power supply device is used for supplying power to the vehicle-mounted charging control module, the vehicle-mounted charging control module is connected to the battery management system main control module BMS through the communication interface circuit, and the vehicle-mounted charging control module is connected with the BMS wake-up circuit and the charging interface circuit;
the BMS wake-up circuit is used for waking up a battery management system main control module BMS, and the charging interface circuit is used for detecting the state of the charging gun;
the vehicle-mounted charging control module periodically detects the state of a charging gun through the charging interface circuit, and when the charging gun is detected to be inserted into a vehicle-mounted charging socket, the BMS wake-up circuit activates the battery management system main control module BMS and controls the power control switch to be kept closed.
In addition, it should be noted that the overall vehicle controller VCU described in the above embodiment has the following effects:
1. running control;
the power motor of the new energy automobile must output driving or braking torque according to the intention of the driver. When the driver presses the accelerator pedal or the brake pedal, the power motor outputs certain driving power or regenerative braking power. The larger the pedal opening, the larger the output power of the power motor.
Therefore, the whole vehicle controller needs to reasonably explain the operation of a driver; receiving feedback information of all subsystems of the whole vehicle, and providing decision feedback for a driver; and sending control instructions to all subsystems of the whole vehicle so as to realize normal running of the vehicle.
2. Managing accessories;
and controlling and managing the DCDC, the vehicle-mounted charger, the water pump and the air conditioner compressor. Determining when to enable the high voltage component to operate the component; and LOS processing is carried out according to the temperature, voltage and current conditions of the whole vehicle and parts, and power is properly reduced and even the vehicle is stopped.
When the component temperature is too high, cooling is requested, and the cooling demand water flow is calculated. When the vehicle starts an air conditioner, an air conditioner compressor is started to work, and the work of the compressor is controlled through PWM to refrigerate the whole vehicle.
3. Energy management;
in a pure electric vehicle, a battery supplies power to an electric accessory in addition to a power motor, so that in order to obtain the maximum driving range, a whole vehicle controller is responsible for energy management of the whole vehicle so as to improve the energy utilization rate. When the SOC value of the battery is lower, the whole vehicle controller sends out instructions to some electric accessories, and the output power of the electric accessories is limited to increase the driving range.
The new energy automobile takes an electric motor as an output mechanism of driving torque. The motor has the performance of feedback braking, and at the moment, the motor is used as a generator to generate electricity by utilizing the braking energy of the electric automobile, meanwhile, the energy is stored in the energy storage device, and when the charging condition is met, the energy is reversely charged into the power battery pack. In the process, the whole vehicle controller judges whether braking energy feedback can be carried out at a certain moment according to the opening degrees of the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal and the SOC value of the power battery, and if the braking energy feedback can be carried out, the whole vehicle controller sends a braking instruction to the motor controller, and part of energy is recovered.
4. Processing faults;
the whole vehicle controller should detect the state of the vehicle in real time and send the information of each subsystem to the vehicle-mounted information display system, and the process is to detect the state of the vehicle and the state information of each subsystem through the sensor and the CAN bus, drive the display instrument and display the state information and fault diagnosis information through the display instrument. The display content comprises: the rotation speed of the motor, the vehicle speed, the electric quantity of the battery and fault information.
And continuously monitoring the whole vehicle electric control system to perform fault diagnosis. The fault indicator light indicates the fault category and the partial fault code. And carrying out corresponding safety protection treatment in time according to the fault content. For less serious faults, the vehicle can run to a nearby maintenance station at a low speed for maintenance.
5. Information interaction
And transmitting main data and fault states of the power system, the motor, the battery, the high-voltage system and the air conditioner to the instrument, and receiving control information of a driver.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A high-voltage architecture new energy automobile system, comprising:
main negative relay, shunt, pyrofuse, fuse, hall, main positive relay, automatically controlled prefill relay of motor, automatically controlled prefill resistor of motor, battery module, BMS, module prefill relay, module prefill resistor, series relay, parallel relay, high-voltage load, quick charge positive relay, quick charge negative relay, battery module includes M 1 ，M 2 ，M 3 ...M N ；
The number of the battery cell strings of the battery module needs to meet even number requirements, the module structure and the number can not be subjected to odd-even number requirements, but the number of the battery modules needs to meet M 1 +M 2 The number of the electric cores is equal to M 3 +M 4 The voltage of two sides is ensured to be equal;
the module pre-charging relay, the module pre-charging resistor and the BMS are interactive, and before the battery module is switched from series connection to parallel connection, the BMS confirms M through voltage acquisition 1 +M 2 Voltage sum of (2) and M 3 +M 4 When M is the sum of the voltages of 1 +M 2 Voltage sum of (2) and M 3 +M 4 When the voltage and the pressure difference of the relay are larger than the closing pressure difference which can be born by the parallel relay, the module is required to be closed to precharge the relay after the parallel relay is closed, and the voltage at the two ends of the relay is charged and discharged, so that the pressure difference is ensured to be smaller than the tolerance pressure difference of the relay.
The module group pre-charging resistor preferably selects a low-internal-resistance high-power type pre-charging resistor, and ensures that voltages at two ends of the relay are respectively charged and discharged to equal values.
2. The high-voltage architecture new energy automobile system of claim 1, wherein: the default serial-parallel mode of the battery module is determined according to a whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, and specifically comprises the following steps:
when the whole vehicle high-voltage load is an 800V voltage platform, the series relay is closed by default and the parallel relay is opened by default in a vehicle running mode;
when the whole vehicle high-voltage load is a 400V voltage platform, the series relay is opened by default and the parallel relay is closed by default in a vehicle driving mode.
3. The high-voltage architecture new energy automobile system of claim 1, wherein: the BMS includes:
the slave board is used for monitoring the single voltage and single temperature information of the module in real time, transmitting the information to the main board, and has a battery equalization function, and the communication mode between the slave board and the main board is usually CAN communication or daisy chain communication;
the main board collects sampling information from each slave board, communicates with the whole vehicle through a low-voltage electric interface, controls the relay in the high-voltage breaking box to act, monitors each state of the battery, and ensures the safe use of the battery in the charging and discharging process;
the BDU is connected with the whole vehicle high-voltage load and the quick charging harness through a high-voltage electrical interface, and comprises a pre-charging circuit, a total positive relay, a total negative relay and a quick charging relay, and is controlled by a main board;
the high-voltage control board is integrated on the main board, monitors the voltage and the current of the battery pack in real time, and simultaneously also comprises a pre-charge detection function and an insulation detection function.
4. A control method of a high-voltage architecture new energy automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is based on the high-voltage construction new energy automobile system according to any one of claims 1-3, the charging voltage is judged through the built-in vehicle-mounted charging control module of the automobile, and the high-voltage construction new energy automobile system controls the automobile to charge according to different charging voltages.
5. The control method of the high-voltage architecture new energy automobile of claim 4, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 400V:
when a 400V charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) The vehicle-mounted charging control module judges whether 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, if so, 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be disconnected, and the parallel relay is closed, so that the battery module M is enabled 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 For parallel connection, the BMS battery management system judges the pressure difference of two ends of the relay before executing the series-parallel connection relay, or else, the series-parallel connection relay can be controlled to be disconnected after entering a module parallel connection pre-charging mode, and the parallel connection relay is closed;
2) The BMS battery management system controls the closing of the main negative relay, controls the closing of the motor electric control pre-charging relay to perform pre-charging process on the electric control of the whole vehicle high-voltage motor, and closes the main positive relay to complete the high-voltage power-on process of the whole vehicle after the pre-charging is completed, so that the normal work of the air conditioning system of the whole vehicle can be ensured while the charging is performed;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charging flow to perform a fast charging mode;
4) After the high-voltage 400V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
6. The control method of the high-voltage architecture new energy automobile according to claim 5, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 400V:
when an 800V super-fast-rate charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) The vehicle-mounted charging control module judges whether 800V standard direct current charging is carried out, if so, 800V standard direct current charging is carried out, the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be closed and opened, and the parallel relay is opened, so that the battery module M is enabled 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 Is connected in series;
2) The BMS battery management system controls not to execute a high-voltage mode on the whole vehicle, and the main negative relay and the main positive relay default off state so as to avoid overvoltage damage of electric components of the whole vehicle;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charge positive electrode relay and the fast charge negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charge flow to carry out a super fast charge mode;
4) After the high-voltage 800V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
7. The control method of the high-voltage architecture new energy automobile of claim 4, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 800V:
when a 400V charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) The vehicle-mounted charging control module judges whether 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, if so, 400V standard direct current charging is carried out, the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be disconnected, and the parallel relay is closed, so that the battery module M is enabled 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 For parallel connection, the BMS battery management system judges the pressure difference of two ends of the relay before executing the series-parallel connection relay, or else, the series-parallel connection relay can be controlled to be disconnected after entering a module parallel connection pre-charging mode, and the parallel connection relay is closed;
2) The BMS battery management system controls not to execute the high-voltage mode on the whole vehicle, and the main negative relay and the main positive relay default off state so as to avoid the under-voltage alarm of electric components of the whole vehicle;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charging flow to perform a fast charging mode;
4) After the high-voltage 400V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
8. The control method of the high-voltage architecture new energy automobile of claim 7, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps when the high-voltage load of the whole vehicle is 800V:
when the 800V charging pile charging gun is inserted:
1) The vehicle-mounted charging control module judges whether the vehicle-mounted charging control module is in national standard or European standard 800V standard direct current charging, if so, the vehicle-mounted charging control module carries out the national standard or European standard 800V standard direct current charging, and the BMS battery management system controls the series relay to be closed and opened, and the parallel relay is opened, so that the battery module M is formed 1 +M 2 And M is as follows 3 +M 4 Is connected in series;
2) The BMS battery management system controls the closing of the main negative relay, controls the closing of the motor electric control pre-charging relay to perform pre-charging process on the electric control of the whole vehicle high-voltage motor, and closes the main positive relay to complete the high-voltage power-on process of the whole vehicle after the pre-charging is completed, so that the normal work of the air conditioning system of the whole vehicle can be ensured while the charging is performed;
3) The BMS battery management system and the vehicle controller VCU close the fast charge positive electrode relay and the fast charge negative electrode relay according to the national standard fast charge flow to carry out a super fast charge mode;
4) After the high-voltage 800V charging is finished, the BMS battery management system disconnects the fast charging positive electrode relay and the fast charging negative electrode relay to exit the fast charging mode, and then the default states of the series relay and the parallel relay are restored according to the whole vehicle high-voltage load voltage platform, so that the vehicle can run in a mode.
9. The control method of the high-voltage architecture new energy automobile according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: the VCU is used for receiving feedback information of all subsystems of the whole vehicle and providing decision feedback for a driver; sending control instructions to all subsystems of the whole vehicle to realize normal running of the vehicle;
meanwhile, the VCU is used for managing the energy of the whole vehicle so as to improve the utilization rate of the energy; when the SOC value of the battery is lower, the whole vehicle controller sends out instructions to some electric accessories, and the output power of the electric accessories is limited to increase the driving range.
10. The control method of the high-voltage architecture new energy automobile according to any one of claim 4, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: the vehicle-mounted charging control module comprises:
the power supply device is used for supplying power to the vehicle-mounted charging control module, the vehicle-mounted charging control module is connected to the battery management system main control module BMS through the communication interface circuit, and the vehicle-mounted charging control module is connected with the BMS wake-up circuit and the charging interface circuit;
the BMS wake-up circuit is used for waking up a battery management system main control module BMS, and the charging interface circuit is used for detecting the state of the charging gun;
the vehicle-mounted charging control module periodically detects the state of a charging gun through the charging interface circuit, and when the charging gun is detected to be inserted into a vehicle-mounted charging socket, the BMS wake-up circuit activates the battery management system main control module BMS and controls the power control switch to be kept closed.
CN202211706202.9A 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 High-voltage architecture new energy automobile system and control method Withdrawn CN116476696A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN119058438A (en) * 2024-09-14 2024-12-03 博最科技(苏州)有限公司 A new energy vehicle 800V power supply architecture system
WO2025036171A1 (en) * 2023-08-17 2025-02-20 广州巨湾技研有限公司 Discharge control method and system for power battery system, and electronic device and storage medium
WO2025055707A1 (en) * 2023-09-15 2025-03-20 江苏速豹动力科技有限公司 Vehicle-mounted high-voltage battery pack combined control system and new-energy vehicle

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2025036171A1 (en) * 2023-08-17 2025-02-20 广州巨湾技研有限公司 Discharge control method and system for power battery system, and electronic device and storage medium
WO2025055707A1 (en) * 2023-09-15 2025-03-20 江苏速豹动力科技有限公司 Vehicle-mounted high-voltage battery pack combined control system and new-energy vehicle
CN119058438A (en) * 2024-09-14 2024-12-03 博最科技(苏州)有限公司 A new energy vehicle 800V power supply architecture system

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Application publication date: 20230725