CN116475403B - Iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and specifically discloses a device and method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy, comprising a primary crushing device for initially crushing pellets and obtaining crushed material, a secondary crushing device connected to the primary crushing device and for further crushing the crushed material, a material belt arranged below the primary crushing device and the secondary crushing device and for transporting the crushed material, a fine grinding device arranged at the end of the material belt and for finely grinding the crushed material, and a box for wrapping the crushing device, the secondary crushing device, the material belt and the fine grinding device. A screening structure for screening the crushed material is also provided in the box between the lower part of the primary crushing device and the material belt, thereby solving the problem in the traditional ball powder metallurgy industry that, in the process of preparing iron powder, a crusher and a ball mill need to be used continuously, and the pellets cannot be crushed at one time to obtain iron powder of sufficient particle size.

Description

Iron powder preparation device and method for powder metallurgy

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy, and particularly discloses a device and a method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy.

Background

Powder metallurgy is a process technology for manufacturing metal materials, composite materials and various products by taking metal powder or a mixture of metal powder and non-metal powder as a raw material and performing forming and sintering. Therefore, the powder metallurgy technology has become a key to solve the problem of new materials, and plays an important role in the development of new materials.

Powder metallurgy mainly comprises two steps of powder preparation and product preparation. The method comprises four steps of powder production, compression molding, sintering and post-treatment. Wherein, the production process of the powder comprises the steps of preparing the powder, mixing the powder and the like. Wherein, the method for transforming the metal and the alloy or the metal compound into powder in the solid state comprises the following two methods:

the reduction method for preparing metal and alloy powder from solid metal oxide and salt is a reduction-conversion method for preparing metal compound powder from metal and alloy powder, metal oxide and non-metal powder.

In the prior art, the commonly used process steps comprise adding a binder and water into fine iron ore, uniformly mixing and pelletizing, then carrying out redox on the generated pellets, crushing and grinding the obtained pellets after the redox is finished, obtaining primary reduced iron powder, and carrying out hydrogen reduction on the primary reduced iron powder to obtain secondary reduced iron powder.

In the process of crushing and grinding the pellets to obtain iron powder, two separate steps of crushing and grinding the pellets are required. Wherein, for the crushing of the pellets, a crusher is needed, and for the grinding of the pellets, a ball mill is needed.

After the pellets enter the crusher in sequence, the crusher crushes the fallen pellets once, the integrity of the crushed pellets depends on the number of crushing roller groups arranged in the crusher, and the crushing effect is better as the number of the crushing roller groups arranged from top to bottom is larger. The pellets crushed by the crusher are transported into a ball mill by a belt, and crushed by the ball mill until iron powder with the specified particle size range is obtained.

In the prior art, the crushing and grinding process steps sequentially carried out by the method are carried out by two different devices, and the process of carrying out ball milling on the crushed iron blocks by adopting a ball mill takes longer time.

Accordingly, the inventors have found that an apparatus and a method for producing iron powder for powder metallurgy are provided to solve the above-mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that in the traditional ball powder metallurgy industry, in the process of preparing iron powder, a crusher and a ball mill are required to be continuously used, and pellets cannot be crushed at one time to obtain the iron powder with sufficient particle size.

In order to achieve the above object, the basic solution of the present invention provides an iron powder preparation apparatus for powder metallurgy, comprising a primary crushing apparatus for performing primary crushing of pellets and obtaining crushed material, a secondary crushing apparatus which is communicated with the primary crushing apparatus and is used for further crushing the crushed material, a material belt which is arranged below the primary crushing apparatus and the secondary crushing apparatus and is used for transporting the crushed material, a fine grinding apparatus which is arranged at the end of the material belt and is used for finely grinding the crushed material, and a box body which is used for wrapping the primary crushing apparatus, the secondary crushing apparatus, the material belt and the fine grinding apparatus;

A screening structure for screening crushed materials is further arranged in the box body between the lower part of the first-stage crushing device and the material belt, and the tail end of the screening structure is arranged above the second-stage crushing device;

The fine grinding device comprises a feeding table arranged at the tail end of the material belt, an abrasive table arranged at the outer side of the feeding table and a material guiding table used for communicating the end face of the feeding table and the end face of the abrasive table;

the height of the grinding material table is lower than that of the feeding table, a plurality of through holes penetrate through the grinding material table, a liquid inlet groove for feeding solvent is formed in the top end of the material guiding table, a blocking net is fixedly connected to the outer end of the liquid inlet groove, a plurality of mixing structures for mixing the solvent and crushing materials to form grinding materials are also equidistantly arranged on the material guiding table, a baffle plate for preventing the grinding materials from overflowing is further arranged on the feeding table to the grinding material table, and fine grinding components for finely grinding the grinding materials are also arranged in the through holes in the grinding material table;

the fine grinding device further comprises a power structure for driving the primary crushing device and the screening structure respectively, a second driving motor for driving the secondary crushing device, a third driving motor for driving the material belt and a fine grinding driving structure for driving the fine grinding assembly.

Further, screening structure includes that one end rotates the screening board of connection between box both sides inner wall and locates the box and keep away from the multi-functional box of two-stage breaker one side inner wall, is equipped with a plurality of sieve meshes that are used for screening the crushed material on the screening board, and box one side is equipped with and removes the spout, and screening board bottom sliding connection has one end to stretch out and removes the spout and by power structure drive in order to remove the reciprocal slide bar of reciprocating sliding in the spout.

Further, be equipped with in the multifunctional box and supply the gliding arc wall of screening board free end, the rigid coupling has reciprocating spring between top surface and the screening board free end tip in the arc wall, the top surface still rigid coupling has the piece of aerifing in the arc wall of multifunctional box, be equipped with the air cavity in the piece of aerifing, it is equipped with the opening with the air cavity intercommunication to aerify the piece bottom, it is equipped with the defeated gas port with the air cavity intercommunication and be equipped with the check valve that opens outwards to aerify the piece top, screening board free end tip rigid coupling has with opening sliding connection and can slide into the air cavity in the piece of inflating, still be equipped with in the box with the gas port intercommunication and be used for the gas transmission pipeline of guide material platform air feed.

Further, the power structure comprises a first driving motor, a gear transmission part which is driven by the first driving motor and controls the working state of the first crushing device, and a belt transmission part which is driven by the first driving motor and drives the reciprocating slide rod to slide in the moving slide groove in a reciprocating manner.

Further, a plurality of rows of mixing structures are arranged on the material guiding table, and the mixing structures in each row are distributed in a staggered mode.

Further, the compounding structure all includes that two combinations form the separation board of splayed and two all are L shape and lie in the polymeric board in the separation board outside respectively, and the bottom of polymeric board all outwards inclines certain angle, and all leaves the gap that supplies the abrasive material to pass through between the bottom of both sides polymeric board.

Furthermore, the top ends of the through holes are respectively provided with an inclined table inwards.

Further, the fine grinding component comprises a stirring structure, a rough grinding structure and a fine grinding structure which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and a rotating structure which is respectively used for driving the stirring structure, the rough grinding structure and the fine grinding structure to rotate.

The basic scheme of the invention also provides a preparation method of the iron powder for powder metallurgy, which comprises the following steps:

Step S001, starting a first-stage crushing device and ensuring up-and-down reciprocating motion of a screening plate;

step S002, starting the secondary crushing device and the material belt to ensure normal feeding and air supply;

step S003, feeding a solvent and starting a fine grinding device;

And S004, observing whether the solvent flows out of the bottom of the fine grinding device, and throwing the pellets into a first-stage crushing device in the box body after the solvent flows out.

The principle and effect of this scheme lie in:

1. According to the invention, the first-stage crushing device and the second-stage crushing device which are arranged continuously are used for crushing the pellets to obtain crushed materials, the crushed pellets are conveyed into the fine grinding device through the material belt, and the crushed materials are further finely ground through the fine grinding device to obtain the iron powder with the required particle size, so that the problem that in the traditional ball powder metallurgy industry, in the iron powder preparation process, a crusher and a ball mill are required to be continuously used, and the pellets cannot be crushed at one time to obtain the iron powder with the sufficient particle size is solved.

2. According to the invention, the screening structure is arranged below the primary crushing device, so that crushed materials with qualified particle sizes after primary crushing can be directly conveyed into the fine grinding device, the repeated crushing times are reduced, and the fine grinding efficiency can be accelerated.

3. According to the invention, the solvent is also supplied into the material guide table of the fine grinding device, so that the solvent and the crushed materials are mixed to form the abrasive, wet fine grinding is adopted, solute capable of increasing fine grinding efficiency can be added into the solvent, the fine grinding efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the movement of the abrasive during fine grinding is facilitated.

4. According to the invention, the mixing structure arranged on the material guiding table can repeatedly separate and stagger the solvent and the crushed material to be mixed uniformly and primarily, so that the abrasive materials are mixed more uniformly.

5. The reciprocating screening plate provided by the invention can not only finish screening of crushed materials with qualified size, so that the qualified crushed materials fall into a material belt below to be transported into a fine grinding device, but also squeeze an inflating block to enter the inflating block to supply air for a gas pipeline and jet air for a material guiding table, thereby facilitating the movement of abrasive materials on the material guiding table, and a reciprocating spring arranged in a multifunctional box can reset the screening plate.

6. The fine grinding component can finish the coarse grinding and fine grinding processes of the abrasive through the coarse grinding structure and the fine grinding structure in sequence, and compared with the direct fine grinding, the fine grinding component can reduce the abrasion of the coarse grinding structure and the fine grinding structure in the fine grinding component, and is convenient for controlling the particle size of the iron powder.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus and a method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the inside of an apparatus and a method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a screening plate of an apparatus and a method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fine grinding apparatus for an apparatus and method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a part of a fine grinding apparatus of an apparatus and method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a part of a fine grinding apparatus of an apparatus and method for manufacturing iron powder for powder metallurgy according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic partial view of a fine grinding apparatus for manufacturing an iron powder for powder metallurgy and a method thereof according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention for achieving the intended purpose, the following detailed description will refer to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification comprise a primary crushing device 1, a primary crushing roller 101, a multifunctional box 102, an inflating block 103, a screening plate 104, a gas pipeline 105, a secondary crushing device 2, a secondary crushing roller 201, a material belt 202, an abrasive table 3, a driving main shaft 301, a driving auxiliary shaft 302, a power table 303, a shifting block 304, a grinding table 305, a shifting rod 306, a rough grinding disc 307, a rough grinding plate 308, a static grinding disc 309, a primary grinding disc 310, a secondary movable grinding disc 311, a secondary fixed grinding disc 312, a blanking hole 313, a main shaft transmission gear 314, an auxiliary shaft transmission gear 315, a power box 4, a first driving motor 401, a disc 402, a reversing wheel 403, a reciprocating sliding rod 404, a reciprocating sliding block 405, a fine grinding driving box 5, a material guiding table 6, a material mixing structure 601 and a blocking net 602.

An iron powder preparation device for powder metallurgy, the embodiment is shown in fig. 1:

Comprises a primary crushing device 1 for carrying out primary crushing of pellets and obtaining primary crushed materials, a secondary crushing device 2 which is arranged behind the primary crushing device 1 and communicated with the primary crushing device 1 and used for crushing the primary crushed materials again, a material belt 202 arranged below the primary crushing device 1 and the secondary crushing device 2 and a fine grinding device arranged at the tail end of the material belt 202. The first-stage crushing device 1 and the second-stage crushing device 2 are respectively arranged in a box body, and support legs are arranged at the bottom end of the box body for supporting.

As shown in fig. 2, the primary crushing apparatus 1 includes a primary crushing box, two primary rotating shafts respectively installed between both side walls inside the primary crushing box, and primary crushing rollers 101 coaxially installed on the two primary rotating shafts, respectively. The left side top at the box is installed to the broken case of one-level, and opens on the top of the broken case of one-level has a feed inlet, and the top outer wall of feed inlet still installs the closed fence board of inward sloping through the bolt, prevents inside broken material spill. The outer wall integrated into one piece of two one-level crushing rollers 101 has the one-level crushing tooth that a plurality of equidistance were arranged, and the one-level crushing tooth on two one-level crushing rollers 101 is crisscross to be arranged.

At the bottom of the first-stage crushing box, two first-stage arc plates which wrap the first-stage crushing teeth inwards are welded on the outer sides of the two first-stage crushing rollers 101 respectively. A clamping block is fixedly arranged between two sides of the primary crushing box below the two primary crushing rollers 101. The two side edges of the clamping block are provided with inner concave surfaces which are contacted with the top edges of the outer sides of the first-stage crushing teeth. A first-stage blanking groove for the broken material to fall down is reserved between the two sides of the clamping block and the inner side end part of the first-stage arc plate.

The two first-stage crushing rollers 101 are attached and placed, first-stage crushing teeth on the first-stage crushing rollers 101 are also abutted against the inner wall of the adjacent box body, and the first-stage crushing rollers 101 are identical in steering direction and rotate inwards. After the pellets fall into the first crushing box from the feed inlet, the pellets are crushed by the primary crushing roller 101 which simultaneously rotates inwards and is matched with the primary crushing teeth, so that primary crushed materials are obtained.

The secondary crushing device 2 comprises a secondary crushing box, two secondary rotating shafts respectively arranged between two side walls in the secondary crushing box, and secondary crushing rollers 201 respectively coaxially arranged on the two secondary rotating shafts. The secondary crushing box is arranged below the right side of the primary crushing box. The outer wall of the secondary crushing roller 201 is also integrally formed with a plurality of secondary crushing teeth which are distributed at equal intervals, the secondary crushing teeth on the two secondary crushing rollers 201 are distributed in a staggered manner, and the density of the secondary crushing teeth is smaller than that of the primary crushing teeth. And the spacing between the secondary crushing rollers 201 is smaller than the spacing between the two primary crushing rollers 101.

Two secondary arc plates which wrap the secondary crushing teeth inwards are welded at the bottom of the secondary crushing box and are respectively positioned at the outer sides of the two secondary crushing rollers 201, and a secondary blanking groove for the crushed materials to fall down is reserved between the inner side ends of the secondary arc plates. The secondary crushing rollers 201 rotate inward with the same rotation direction, and fall into the secondary crushing device 2 after the primary crushing material falls down, and the secondary crushing rollers 201 cooperate with the secondary crushing teeth to crush the material, thereby obtaining secondary crushed material.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a screening structure is further installed in the box between the primary crushing device 1 and the secondary crushing device 2 to screen the dropped primary crushed material and convey the remaining primary crushed material after the completion of screening into the secondary crushing device 2. The screening arrangement is mounted above the material strip 202.

The screening arrangement comprises, in particular, a screening spindle mounted between the two sides of the housing, a screening plate 104 and a multifunctional box 102. The screening rotating shaft is rotatably arranged between two sides of the box body. The right end of the screening plate 104 is welded with a rotary pipe, the rotary pipe is coaxially arranged with the screening rotating shaft, the left end of the screening plate 104 is downwards bent to form an arc section, the arc section stretches into the multifunctional box 102, and an arc groove for the arc section to stretch into and slide is formed on the right side of the multifunctional box 102.

The screening deck 104 is provided with a plurality of screening holes, the size of which is such that a portion of the crushed material that does not undergo secondary crushing falls onto the belt 202, while the primary crushed material that does not pass through the screening holes continues to remain on the screening deck 104. A reciprocating chute is further formed on the lower end surface of the sieving plate 104, the reciprocating chute is arranged along the left direction and the right direction, a reciprocating sliding block 405 sliding in the reciprocating chute is further arranged at the lower end of the sieving plate 104, and a reciprocating sliding rod 404 is arranged at both ends of the reciprocating sliding block 405. The left side of the box body is provided with a vertical moving chute for extending out the end part of the reciprocating slide bar 404.

The multifunctional box 102 is mounted on the left inner wall of the box body, and the top of the multifunctional box 102 abuts against the bottom of the first-stage arc plate on the left side. The arc-shaped groove is formed in the right end part of the multifunctional box 102, the top part extends to the top end face of the multifunctional box 102 along the arc-shaped direction, and the bottom part extends along the arc-shaped direction but does not penetrate through the multifunctional box 102. A reciprocating spring is fixedly arranged between the two sides of the arc-shaped groove and the upper end surface of the screening plate 104 extending into the arc-shaped groove. And install one and aerify the piece 103 at arc groove top, aerify the section shape of piece 103 and be the arc, laminate with the arc groove, it has the air cavity to aerify the piece 103 internally to open, it has the gas-supply mouth with the air cavity intercommunication to aerify the piece 103 top inboard, the gas-supply mouth department installs one and is used for outside exhaust check valve, it has with the air cavity intercommunication and towards screening board 104's opening to aerify the bottom of piece 103, still slidable mounting has one to aerify the piece in aerifing the piece 103, it stretches out the opening and passes through the bolt fastening with screening board 104's upper end to aerify the bottom of piece.

A power box 4 is also arranged on the left side of the box body, and a power structure for driving the first-stage crushing device 1 and the screening structure is arranged in the power box 4. Wherein, the second driving motor and the third driving motor which are independent are used for driving the secondary crushing device 2 and the material belt 202. Wherein, second driving motor and the second grade pivot coaxial coupling of the left side in the second grade breaker 2, respectively coaxial mounting have a secondary gear in the second grade pivot on the left side and the second grade pivot on the right side in the second grade pivot, two epaxial secondary gears meshing drives the synchronous inwards rotation of second grade crushing roller 201.

The power structure for driving the first crushing device and the screening arrangement comprises, among other things, a first drive motor 401, a gear transmission driven by the drive motor and a belt transmission driven by the drive motor. An output shaft of the first driving motor 401 is coaxially connected with a first rotating shaft at the left side in the first crushing device. The left end of the first rotating shaft on the right side extends out of the left side of the box body and is coaxially connected with a driven gear. The gear transmission part comprises a first driving wheel coaxially arranged on the output shaft of the first driving motor 401 and a first driven wheel rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the box body, a first belt is meshed between the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel, a driving gear is coaxially connected to the first driven wheel, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear. When the output shaft of the first driving motor 401 rotates, the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel are driven to synchronously rotate, so that the driving gear and the driven gear are driven to be meshed, and the two first rotating shafts are driven to rotate inwards.

The belt transmission member comprises a second driving wheel coaxially connected with the output shaft of the first driving motor 401, a second driven wheel rotatably mounted on the box below the first driving motor 401 and a reversing wheel 403 rotatably mounted above the reciprocating slide 405 of the screen plate. A disc 402 is coaxially arranged on the second driven wheel, and a rotating rod is rotatably arranged on the disc 402 at a point deviating from the center of a circle. A second belt is meshed between the second driving wheel and the second driven wheel, a pull rope is fixedly arranged on the rotating rod, and the pull rope is pulled to the position of the reversing wheel 403 and bypasses the reversing wheel 403 from the other side. The tail end of the stay cord is fixed at the left end part of the reciprocating slide bar 404 at the bottom end of the screen plate and is positioned on one section outside the box body. When the output shaft of the first driving motor 401 rotates, the disc 402 on the second driven wheel is driven to rotate through belt transmission, the rotating rod on the disc 402 drives the pull rope to rotate and continuously pull and release the pull rope, and then the reciprocating slide rod 404 at the end part of the pull rope is driven to repeatedly move up and down in the moving slide groove, and then the sieve plate is driven to perform up and down swinging reciprocating motion.

In the reciprocating process of the vertical swing of the screening plate 104, the air pumping block is propped up into the air pumping block 103, the air in the air pumping block 103 is discharged through the air conveying port, and then the air pumping block is driven to reset and the air pumping block 103 is inflated again.

At the bottom end of the multifunctional box 102, a gas pipeline 105 is installed, and in the multifunctional box 102, a gas pipeline is opened, which is communicated with the gas pipeline 105 and the gas transmission port of the gas charging block 103.

The material belt 202 is arranged below the screening plate 104 and the secondary conveying device, and the material belt 202 is arranged through three rotating wheels, namely a driving rotating wheel, a driven rotating wheel and a steering rotating wheel. Wherein, the driving runner is rotatably installed between two side walls of the box body below the multifunctional box 102, the driven runner is rotatably installed between two side walls of the box body on the right side of the secondary crushing device 2, and the steering runner is rotatably installed between two side walls of the box body on the left side of the secondary crushing device 2. Wherein, the initiative runner is installed in driven runner top, and driven runner is the same with turning to the height of runner, installs the guide block in turning to runner left and right sides, and the material area 202 passes from the guide block below, and the guide block is used for restricting the direction of movement and the orientation of material area 202. The material belt 202 is installed by a driving rotating wheel and a driven rotating wheel, and is turned at a turning rotating wheel, so that the material belt 202 at the driving rotating wheel and the turning rotating wheel is inclined, and the material belt 202 at the turning rotating wheel and the driven rotating wheel is horizontal. Crushed material falling from the screening plate 104 after screening falls onto the inclined material belt 202 and is driven to the horizontal section along with the movement of the material belt 202, and the secondary crushed material is further mixed and moved to the end of the material belt 202 and falls.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the fine grinding apparatus includes a feeding stage, a guiding stage 6 installed on the right side of the feeding stage, and an abrasive stage 3 installed on the right side of the guiding stage 6. The height of the grinding material table 3 is smaller than that of the feeding table, and the upper end face of the material guiding table 6 is inclined from the right end of the feeding table to the left end of the grinding material table 3 and used for guiding and feeding the dropped broken materials onto the grinding material table 3.

The driven wheel and the right end of the material belt 202 mounted on the driven wheel are positioned above the feeding table and on the right side above the feeding table, in particular above the inclined position of the top end of the material guiding table 6. On the feeding table, below the material belt 202, a sweeping table is also installed, the top end face of the sweeping table contacts with the lower end face of the material belt 202, and a brush plate is fixedly installed, and a plurality of brushes are arranged on the brush plate and used for brushing broken materials attached to the material belt 202. The right end of the sweeping table is leveled with the right end of the feeding table, and the upper end surface of the sweeping table is provided with a chute extending to the right end downwards. Crushed material initially swept from the strip 202 falls through the chute onto the guide table 6.

On the material guiding table 6, three rows of staggered material mixing structures 601 are also installed. Each row of mixing structures 601 are equidistantly arranged. The mixing structure 601 comprises two outwardly distributed separating plates which are combined to form a splayed shape and two polymeric plates which are all L-shaped and are positioned outside the separating plates. As shown in FIG. 4, the polymerization plates are respectively positioned at the outer sides of the separation plates, the bottoms of the polymerization plates at the two sides are inclined outwards by a certain angle, and gaps for the abrasive materials to pass through are reserved between the bottoms of the polymerization plates at the two sides.

A liquid inlet groove is formed in the top of the material guiding table 6, a liquid supply pipeline is formed in the material guiding table 6, and the liquid supply pipeline is communicated with an external pump and used for pumping solvent into the liquid inlet groove. On the material guiding table 6, at the end of the liquid inlet tank, a blocking net 602 is installed, the grids in the blocking net 602 are finely distributed, and the solvent is discharged from the liquid inlet tank through the blocking net 602. The gas transmission pipeline 105 arranged in the box body is communicated to the chute on the sweeping table, and the chute is provided with a gas outlet communicated with the gas transmission pipeline 105, and the gas outlet faces the direction of the mixing structure 601 on the material guiding table 6.

When the crushed material falls from the end of the material strip 202, it will first fall over the screen 602, and the solvent flowing out of the screen 602 will catch the falling crushed material and mix the crushed material to move below the guide table 6. The crushed material does not fall into the flume due to the continuous surge of solvent and the blockage of the screen 602. Meanwhile, the air flow sprayed out of the air outlet can assist in blowing the movement of the solvent and the crushed materials. When the solvent is wrapped with the crushed materials and moves to the mixing structure 601, firstly the separating plate separates the abrasive materials formed by combining the solvent and the crushed materials, and the polymerizing plate mixes the separated abrasive materials, so that the solvent and the crushed materials are mixed uniformly repeatedly to form uniform abrasive materials.

Three through holes penetrating through the abrasive table 3 are formed in the abrasive table 3, and a fine grinding driving box 5 is further arranged in the box body above the abrasive table 3 and the material guiding table 6. The upper end face of the grinding material table 3 is fixedly provided with a baffle plate, and the baffle plate consists of three parts, namely a back plate arranged at the right end part of the grinding material table 3, outer plates which are respectively integrally formed at two sides of the back plate and are positioned at the outer sides of through holes at the two sides, and a separation plate which is integrally formed between the three through holes and is positioned in front of the grinding material table 3. The backboard is provided with three semicircular holes with the same diameter as the through holes, the three through holes are respectively wrapped, the outer plates extend out from two sides of the feeding table and are connected with two sides of the backboard, the inner sides of the outer plates positioned on the abrasive table 3 are inclined inwards, and the partition plate is a triangular plate and is used for separating broken materials falling from the guide table 6.

As shown in fig. 5, a ramp is provided at each of the top ends of the through holes. A group of fine grinding components are arranged in the through holes. The fine grinding component comprises a stirring structure, a coarse grinding structure and a fine grinding structure which are coaxially arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the falling direction of the crushed materials. The stirring structure, the coarse grinding structure and the fine grinding structure all carry out fine grinding work on broken materials through rotation.

A driving rotating structure is arranged in the middle through hole, and driven rotating structures are arranged in the through holes on two sides. The stirring structure, the rough grinding structure and the fine grinding structure which are arranged in the three through holes are respectively driven by the driving rotating structure and the driven rotating structure to rotate.

The active rotation structure includes an active main shaft 301, an active auxiliary shaft 302, and a drive motor. The main driving shaft 301 is sleeved with the auxiliary driving shaft 302. The main driving shaft 301 is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the driving motor through a coupling. The drive motor is mounted in the fine grinding drive box 5, and a transmission shaft perpendicular to the axis of the driving main shaft 301 is also mounted in the fine grinding drive box 5. A drive bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the drive main shaft 301, a driven bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the drive auxiliary shaft 302, and a drive bevel gear engaged with both the drive bevel gear and the driven bevel gear is mounted on the drive shaft.

When the output shaft of the driving motor rotates, the driving main shaft 301 rotates synchronously, the driving bevel gear also rotates synchronously, and the rotation is transmitted to the driven bevel gear through the transmission bevel gear, so that the driving auxiliary shaft 302 is driven to rotate reversely. At this time, the main drive shaft 301 and the auxiliary drive shaft 302 are reversed in direction.

The driven rotating structure comprises a driven main shaft and a driven auxiliary shaft, and a rotating hole for accommodating the rotation of the driven main shaft is formed in the bottom end of the driven auxiliary shaft upwards.

A turntable is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the grinding material table 3. The bottom ends of the driving spindle 301 and the driven spindle are rotatably mounted in the turntable, respectively.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, taking the middle through hole as an example, the material stirring structure comprises a grinding table 305 coaxially installed on the driving auxiliary shaft 302, a power table 303 installed on the top end of the grinding table 305 through bolts and coaxially installed with the driving auxiliary shaft 302, and two stirring blocks 304 installed on the top ends of the grinding tables 305 on two sides of the power table 303 respectively. The top end face of the grinding table 305 is leveled with the bottom end of the inclined table, a section of the top end of the grinding table 305 is inclined inwards to form a feeding section, the grinding table 305 below the feeding section is an abrasive section, and a plurality of grinding balls are integrally formed on the outer wall of the grinding table 305. The diameter of the power table 303 is smaller than the diameter of the top end of the grinding table 305, the top end of the shifting block 304 is inclined inwards, and the outer side wall of the shifting block 304 is inclined at the same angle as the inclined table and can be contacted with the inclined table. The broken material falling from the material guiding table 6 falls into the through hole, and in the process of rotating the shifting block 304, the abrasive is further uniformly mixed and can be shifted into the gap between the material feeding section of the grinding table 305 and the through hole, and the grinding balls on the outer wall of the grinding table 305 are used for breaking the abrasive again into the through hole below.

The rough grinding structure comprises a stationary grinding disk 309 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the through hole by bolts, a rotatable rough grinding disk 307 mounted above the stationary grinding disk 309 and coaxially with the driving auxiliary shaft 302, and two rough grinding plates 308 respectively mounted inside the rough grinding disk 307. The stationary abrasive disc 309 is perforated with a perforation through which the primary and secondary shafts 302 pass. Wherein, two rectangular blanking holes 313 are formed on the static grinding disc 309, the lower end surface of the rough grinding disc 307 is attached to the upper end surface of the static grinding disc 309, and a plurality of grinding balls are also arranged on the upper end surface of the static grinding disc 309. Two symmetrical first grinding grooves are formed in the inner side of the rough grinding stone 307, and two rough grinding plates 308 are respectively arranged in the first grinding grooves and completely seal the first grinding grooves. A feed channel is provided between the two first grinding channels on the rough grinding stones 307, which is in communication with the first grinding channels. An adjusting hole is symmetrically arranged between the first grinding groove and the top end face of the rough grinding disc 307, and an adjusting table is arranged in the adjusting hole. The upper end surface of the rough grinding plate 308 is integrally formed with a height adjusting pipe which can extend into the adjusting hole, an adjusting rod is rotatably arranged on the adjusting table, the outer wall of the bottom end of the adjusting rod is provided with external threads, and the height adjusting pipe is internally provided with internal threads meshed with the external threads. The adjusting rod is located one section of outer wall integrated into one piece of adjusting bench inboard and has a swivel, opens in the adjusting bench and supplies swivel internal rotation's change groove. The top end of the adjusting rod is fixedly provided with a knob positioned in the adjusting hole, the adjusting rod is driven to rotate by rotating the knob, the height of the rough grinding plate 308 is adjusted by limiting through the first grinding groove in threaded connection, and then the gap between the bottom surface of the rough grinding plate 308 and the top surface of the static grinding plate 309 is adjusted, and the precision of rough grinding is adjusted. In the through hole above the rough grinding stone 307, two deflector rods 306 attached to the upper end surface of the rough grinding stone 307 are also installed.

The fine grinding structure comprises a first-stage fine grinding piece and a second-stage fine grinding piece which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.

At the first-stage accurate grinding part, the through hole is internally provided with an annular secondary groove. The primary grinding element comprises a primary grinding disc 310 coaxially connected with the driving auxiliary shaft 302 and abrasive particles staggered on the upper end face and the lower end face of the primary grinding disc 310. Four flow holes for the abrasive to flow down are circumferentially arranged on the primary refining disc 310. The position where the primary refining disc 310 is mounted to the primary auxiliary shaft 302 is the active auxiliary shaft 302 cut-off position.

The secondary refiner comprises a secondary movable refiner disc 311 coaxially connected to the main drive shaft 301 below the auxiliary drive shaft 302 and a secondary stationary refiner disc 312 fixedly mounted between the outer wall of the turntable and the inner wall of the through hole. The upper end face of the secondary movable fine grinding disc 311 is attached to the lower end face of the primary fine grinding disc 310, the lower end face of the secondary movable fine grinding disc 311 is attached to the upper end face of the secondary fixed fine grinding disc 312, and a plurality of abrasive particles which are arranged in a staggered manner are arranged on the secondary movable fine grinding disc 311 and the secondary fixed fine grinding disc 312. The secondary movable refining disc 311 and the secondary fixed refining disc 312 are also provided with four flow holes for the abrasive to flow down.

Two transmission chambers are vertically arranged between the adjacent through holes on the grinding material table 3, and a countershaft transmission gear 315 and a main shaft transmission gear 314 are respectively and rotatably arranged in the upper vertical transmission chamber and the lower vertical transmission chamber through shaft parts. A circle of rough grinding racks are installed on the outer wall of the rough grinding stone 307, and a circle of fine grinding racks are installed on the outer wall of the secondary movable fine grinding stone 311. The outer walls of the two sides of the rough grinding disk 307 extend into the transmission cavities at the tops of the two sides respectively, and the outer walls of the two sides of the secondary movable fine grinding disk 311 extend into the transmission cavities at the bottoms of the two sides respectively. The rough grinding rack is meshed with the counter drive gear 315 and the fine grinding rack is meshed with the main drive gear 314.

On the grinding table 3, the material stirring structure, the rough grinding structure and the fine grinding structure in the through holes on two sides are the same as the structure in the middle through hole. The driven main shaft and the driven auxiliary shaft in the through holes on both sides are driven to rotate by the engagement of the rough grinding stone 307 and the auxiliary shaft transmission gear 315 and the engagement of the secondary movable fine grinding stone 311 and the main shaft transmission gear 314. In this embodiment, the driving auxiliary shaft 302 and the driving main shaft 301 rotate in opposite directions, and the driven main shaft and the driven auxiliary shaft rotate in opposite directions, so that the grinding material is finely ground by the reverse rotation, and the fine grinding effect can be achieved.

In this embodiment, there is also provided a method for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy, including the following steps:

Step S001, starting the primary crushing device 1, enabling the primary crushing roller 101 to rotate inwards, and ensuring the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the screening plate 104;

Step S002, starting the secondary crushing device 2 and the material belt 202 to ensure normal feeding and air supply;

step S003, feeding a solvent and starting a fine grinding device;

And S004, observing whether the solvent flows out of the bottom of the fine grinding device, and throwing the pellets into a feed inlet at the top of the box body after the solvent flows out.

The present invention is not limited in any way by the above-described preferred embodiments, but is not limited to the above-described preferred embodiments, and any person skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention can be embodied in the form of a program for carrying out the method of the present invention, while the above disclosure is directed to equivalent embodiments capable of being modified or altered in some ways, it is apparent that any modifications, equivalent variations and alterations made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The iron powder preparation device for powder metallurgy is characterized by comprising a first-stage crushing device, a second-stage crushing device, a material belt, a fine grinding device and a box body, wherein the first-stage crushing device is used for carrying out primary crushing of pellets and obtaining crushed materials, the second-stage crushing device is communicated with the first-stage crushing device and is used for further crushing of the crushed materials, the material belt is arranged below the first-stage crushing device and the second-stage crushing device and is used for conveying the crushed materials, the fine grinding device is arranged at the tail end of the material belt and is used for finely grinding the crushed materials, and the box body is used for wrapping the first-stage crushing device, the second-stage crushing device, the material belt and the fine grinding device;

A screening structure for screening crushed materials is further arranged in the box body between the lower part of the first-stage crushing device and the material belt, and the tail end of the screening structure is arranged above the second-stage crushing device;

The fine grinding device comprises a feeding table arranged at the tail end of the material belt, an abrasive table arranged at the outer side of the feeding table and a material guiding table used for communicating the end face of the feeding table and the end face of the abrasive table;

The height of the grinding material table is lower than that of the feeding table, a plurality of through holes penetrate through the grinding material table, a liquid inlet groove for feeding solvent is formed in the top end of the material guiding table, a blocking net is fixedly connected to the outer end of the liquid inlet groove, a plurality of mixing structures for mixing the solvent and crushing materials are uniformly distributed on the material guiding table to form grinding materials, a plurality of rows of mixing structures are arranged on the material guiding table, each row of mixing structures are distributed in a staggered mode, each mixing structure comprises two separating plates which are combined to form a splayed shape and two polymeric plates which are respectively located on the outer sides of the separating plates, the bottom ends of the polymeric plates are inclined outwards by a certain angle, gaps for the grinding materials to pass through are reserved between the bottoms of the polymeric plates on the two sides, a baffle plate for preventing the grinding materials from overflowing is further arranged on the feeding table, fine grinding components for fine grinding the grinding materials are further arranged in the through holes in the grinding material guiding table, inclined tables are inwards arranged on the top ends of the through holes, and each fine grinding component comprises a stirring structure, a coarse grinding structure and a fine grinding structure which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and a rotating structure for driving the stirring structure, the coarse grinding structure and the fine grinding structure to rotate;

the fine grinding device also comprises a power structure for driving the primary crushing device and the screening structure, a second driving motor for driving the secondary crushing device, a third driving motor for driving the material belt and a fine grinding driving structure for driving the fine grinding assembly;

the screening structure comprises a screening plate with one end connected between two side inner walls of a box body and a multifunctional box arranged on one side inner wall of the box body far away from the secondary crushing device, wherein an arc groove for sliding the free end of the screening plate is formed in the multifunctional box, a reciprocating spring is fixedly connected between the inner top surface of the arc groove and the free end of the screening plate, an inflating block is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the arc groove of the multifunctional box, an air cavity is arranged in the inflating block, an opening communicated with the air cavity is formed in the bottom of the inflating block, an air conveying opening communicated with the air cavity and provided with a check valve which is opened outwards is formed in the top of the inflating block, an air conveying pipeline which is in sliding connection with the opening and can slide into the air cavity is fixedly connected to the free end of the screening plate, a plurality of sieve holes for screening crushed materials are formed in the box body, a movable sliding groove is formed in one side of the box, and one end of the screening plate is in sliding connection with a reciprocating sliding rod with one end extending out of the movable sliding groove and driven by a power structure to reciprocate in the movable sliding groove.

2. The apparatus for preparing iron powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1, wherein the power structure comprises a first driving motor, a gear driving member driven by the first driving motor and controlling the working state of the first crushing device, and a belt driving member driven by the first driving motor and driving the reciprocating slide bar to reciprocate in the moving slide groove.

3. A method for producing an iron powder for powder metallurgy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by comprising the steps of:

Step S001, starting a first-stage crushing device and ensuring up-and-down reciprocating motion of a screening plate;

step S002, starting the secondary crushing device and the material belt to ensure normal feeding and air supply;

step S003, feeding a solvent and starting a fine grinding device;

And S004, observing whether the solvent flows out of the bottom of the fine grinding device, and throwing the pellets into a first-stage crushing device in the box body after the solvent flows out.