CN116464153A - Statically indeterminate structural system without thermal stress - Google Patents
Statically indeterminate structural system without thermal stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN116464153A CN116464153A CN202210034271.3A CN202210034271A CN116464153A CN 116464153 A CN116464153 A CN 116464153A CN 202210034271 A CN202210034271 A CN 202210034271A CN 116464153 A CN116464153 A CN 116464153A
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- thermal stress
- control straight
- straight lines
- structural system
- hyperstatic
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
- E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
- E04B1/04—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
- E04B1/043—Connections specially adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/36—Bearings or like supports allowing movement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种结构体系，具体涉及一种超静定结构体系。尤其是一种在温度变化时热应力为零的超静定结构体系。The invention relates to a structural system, in particular to a hyperstatic structural system. In particular, it is a statically indeterminate structural system with zero thermal stress when the temperature changes.
背景技术Background technique
结构体(物体)温度变化时会热胀冷缩，当胀缩趋势受到约束时结构体里产生热应力。在燃料发动机、热电机组等大温变机械领域，以及大尺度建筑等工程领域，热应力都需要应对。When the temperature of the structure (object) changes, it will expand with heat and contract with cold. When the expansion and contraction trend is restrained, thermal stress will be generated in the structure. Thermal stress needs to be dealt with in the fields of large-temperature-changing machinery such as fuel engines and thermoelectric units, as well as engineering fields such as large-scale buildings.
当前发动机设计中通常避免将支座设置于高温区。在建筑工程中通常设缝来分割单元以期降低热应力，等等。此外在工程需要时还有通过结构自身硬抗热应力的设计方法。现行应对方式都会造成工艺复杂成本较大、整体性能损失和寿命减少。Placement of mounts in high temperature regions is generally avoided in current engine designs. In construction projects, seams are usually set to divide units in order to reduce thermal stress, and so on. In addition, when engineering needs, there is also a design method to resist thermal stress through the structure itself. The current countermeasures will result in complex process, high cost, loss of overall performance and shortened lifespan.
本发明给出了一种无热应力的超静定结构体系，它能承受内外荷载的同时，却不会因温度改变和支座约束而产生热应力。The invention provides a statically indeterminate structural system without thermal stress, which can withstand internal and external loads, but does not generate thermal stress due to temperature changes and support constraints.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为改变当前航空航天、热电、建筑等工程领域应对热应力而产生的工艺复杂成本上升、性能损失寿命减少的现状，本发明提供一种无热应力的超静定结构体系。In order to change the current situation of complex process, cost increase, performance loss and life reduction caused by thermal stress in aerospace, thermoelectric, construction and other engineering fields, the present invention provides a thermally stress-free hyperstatic structural system.
根据本发明提供的结构体系，包括：The structural system provided according to the present invention includes:
结构体；structure;
其特征在于，在所述结构体上设有多个支座链杆，所述链杆均垂直于各自对应的控制直线，任一链杆对应的的所述控制直线通过该链杆与结构体的连接支点(后称为支点)，且与其它所有链杆对应的各控制直线全部汇交于一点(后称为原点)。It is characterized in that a plurality of support chain rods are arranged on the structure, and the chain rods are all perpendicular to their corresponding control straight lines, and the control straight line corresponding to any chain rod passes through the connecting fulcrum of the chain rod and the structure body (hereinafter referred to as the fulcrum), and all the control straight lines corresponding to all other chain rods meet at one point (hereinafter referred to as the origin).
优选地，所述支座链杆数量不少于3。Preferably, the number of the support links is not less than three.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：无论结构体的尺度大小，也无论它的温度变化多少，结构体系的热应力均为零，且能承受内外荷载。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: no matter the size of the structure or how much its temperature changes, the thermal stress of the structure system is zero, and it can bear internal and external loads.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显。Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings.
图1是本发明结构体系三维原理图。Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structural system of the present invention.
图2是简化的平面结构体系的原理图Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a simplified planar structure system
图3是实施例图。Fig. 3 is a diagram of an embodiment.
如图1、图2所示，结构体1与多根链杆2组成结构体系，(为了简洁仅画出3根链杆)。控制直线3通过原点O和支点P，各链杆2均与其对应的控制直线3垂直。所有控制直线3均汇交于原点O。As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a structure body 1 and a plurality of chain rods 2 form a structural system (only 3 chain rods are drawn for simplicity). The control straight line 3 passes through the origin O and the fulcrum P, and each link 2 is perpendicular to the corresponding control straight line 3 . All control straight lines 3 meet at the origin O.
在本发明的结构体系布置下，对应于任一链杆的控制直线是结构体在该支点处的胀缩方向。原点可以任意选择，一旦选定后即成为结构体的胀缩控制原点。选取不同的点作为胀缩控制原点在工程意义上有优劣之分，但在本发明的原理上没有本质的区别。Under the arrangement of the structural system of the present invention, the control line corresponding to any link is the expansion and contraction direction of the structure at the fulcrum. The origin can be selected arbitrarily, and once selected, it will become the origin of the expansion and contraction control of the structure. Selecting different points as the origin of expansion and contraction control has advantages and disadvantages in the engineering sense, but there is no essential difference in the principle of the present invention.
对于温变时的热胀冷缩，依照本发明，结构体可以基于前述原点并沿着控制直线自由胀缩(因为所有支座链杆均垂直于胀缩方向，故对结构体的胀缩趋势没有约束也就没有热应力)。For thermal expansion and contraction during temperature changes, according to the present invention, the structure can expand and contract freely based on the aforementioned origin and along the control line (because all support links are perpendicular to the expansion and contraction direction, there is no constraint on the expansion and contraction trend of the structure and there is no thermal stress).
根据本发明提供的结构体系，其构造过程包括以下步骤：According to the structural system provided by the present invention, its construction process includes the following steps:
在结构体上设置多个支座链杆，选择原点，通过原点和支点来确定控制直线，将各支座链杆与对应的控制直线各自垂直布置。A plurality of support links are set on the structure, the origin is selected, the control line is determined by the origin and the fulcrum, and each support link is vertically arranged with the corresponding control line.
进一步地，将原点选择在结构体的外接球的球心时，结构体的最大热应变最小。Furthermore, when the origin is selected at the center of the circumscribed sphere of the structure, the maximum thermal strain of the structure is the smallest.
进一步地，将原点选择在所有支座链杆的支点所围合空间的外接球的球心时，结构体的热应变带来的最大链杆变形最小。Further, when the origin is selected at the center of the circumscribed sphere in the space enclosed by the fulcrums of all support links, the maximum link deformation caused by the thermal strain of the structure is the smallest.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变化和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
如图3所示，在本实施例中，10根斜柱(支座链杆)沿圆周布置，支撑起一块钢筋混凝土顶板(结构体)，组成了超静定结构体系。由于所有斜柱沿圆周布置且两端铰接，圆形混凝土顶板被切向约束、法向自由，所以它在温度改变时可以沿法向(半径方向)自由胀缩，没有热应力。同时由于本实施例中的结构体系4次超静定，它可以承受自重、风、震等内外部荷载。As shown in Figure 3, in this embodiment, 10 slanted columns (support chain rods) are arranged along the circumference to support a reinforced concrete roof (structure), forming a statically indeterminate structural system. Since all inclined columns are arranged along the circumference and both ends are hinged, the circular concrete roof is tangentially constrained and free in the normal direction, so it can freely expand and contract along the normal direction (radius direction) when the temperature changes without thermal stress. Simultaneously, because the structural system in this embodiment is 4 times hyperstatically indeterminate, it can bear internal and external loads such as self-weight, wind, and earthquake.
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.
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| CN202210034271.3A CN116464153A (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | Statically indeterminate structural system without thermal stress |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104452972A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-25 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | Concrete structure seamless construction method using sliding supporting base |
| JP2015079221A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Optical element support device and adjustment method of optical element support device |
| CN106529052A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-03-22 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Design and calculation method for initial support of tunnel initial support bearing all design loads |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015079221A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Optical element support device and adjustment method of optical element support device |
| CN104452972A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-25 | 中国建筑股份有限公司 | Concrete structure seamless construction method using sliding supporting base |
| CN106529052A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-03-22 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Design and calculation method for initial support of tunnel initial support bearing all design loads |
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