CN116459591A - Direct-current two-stage separation dust collector for wide particle size range - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a direct-flow two-stage separation dedusting device used in a wide range of particle diameters, and relates to the technical field of ventilation and dedusting. The device includes an inertial particle separator and an array type vortex tube; the inertial particle separator includes a shell, a central body and a flow divider, the central body is divided into a high rebound part and a drainage part, the high rebound part is used for the first-level separation of the dust-laden airflow, and the center body and the inertial particle separator are coaxial; the array type vortex tube includes a fixed panel, several arrayed vortex tubes, a cylinder and a dust outlet. The fixed panel is used to fix the vortex tube in the cylinder. secondary separation. The invention solves the technical problem that when the existing direct-flow vortex tube dedusting device separates large-diameter pollutant particles, the particles are easy to bounce off the wall and mix back into the clean airflow to reduce the separation efficiency, and realizes the efficient separation of the dusty airflow.

Description

A straight-through two-stage separation dedusting device for a wide range of particle sizes

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of ventilation and dust removal, in particular to a direct-flow two-stage separation and dust removal device for a wide range of particle sizes.

Background technique

With the development of industrial technology, in the fields of industrial production and civil construction, there are higher requirements for the content of suspended particulate matter in the air, especially in haze and dust weather. When the concentration of particulate matter in the air is too high, it will seriously affect human health and industrial equipment, and some will enter the human body through the respiratory tract, endangering human health, or reducing the cleanliness of the production environment and affecting product quality.

The invention patent with the publication number CN104741253A discloses a DC vane-type cyclone dust collector, which includes an air inlet, an outer cylinder, a guide vane, a guide body, and a dust exhaust device at the air outlet. The centrifugal force is generated by the helical blade, and the solid-phase particles contained in the airflow are thrown to the wall and separated from the air by using the inertia of motion of the solid-phase particles in the airflow, so as to improve the air cleanliness. However, in the actual working process, the particle size range of solid phase particles in the air is often between 5 microns and 500 microns. For large particle size particles, due to their greater motion inertia, after being thrown to the wall by centrifugal force, they often cannot completely lose their initial velocity and be captured by the wall surface. Efficiency, the dust collector requires a higher air inlet velocity, which also exacerbates the efficiency loss caused by the large particle size particles bouncing from the wall to the clean air flow. The above-mentioned characteristics make it difficult for the direct-flow vortex tube dust collector to be applied to occasions with high wind speed and wide particle size range.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the technical problem that the existing direct-flow vortex tube dust collector has low dust removal efficiency for large-size particles at high inlet wind speeds, the present invention aims to provide a direct-flow two-stage separation and dust removal device that is easy to install, has high dust removal efficiency, is suitable for a wide range of particle sizes, and has high separation efficiency for particles of different particle sizes at different inlet wind speeds.

Technical solution: The direct-flow two-stage separation and dedusting device for a wide range of particle diameters of the present invention includes an inertial particle separator and an array type vortex tube. The inertial particle separator includes a housing, a central body and a flow divider. The housing is divided into a receiving section and a separation section. The flow channel is cleared, and the main channel is formed between the drainage part of the central body and the flow divider; the central body and the inertial particle separator are coaxial; the arrayed vortex tube includes a fixed panel, several vortex tubes arranged in an array, a cylinder body and a dust outlet, the fixed panel is used to fix the vortex tube in the cylinder, and the length of the cylinder body is greater than the length of the vortex tube. At the outlet end of the barrel, the diameter of the outlet pipe is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical barrel, the outlet pipe and the cylindrical barrel are coaxial, the dust outlet is set at the position of the barrel relative to the outlet pipe, and an outflow channel is formed between the outlet end of the vortex tube and the barrel; the inner wall of the flow divider is integrally formed with the barrel of the arrayed vortex tube, and the inertial particle separator and the arrayed vortex tube are coaxial.

Further, the pipe diameters of the inflow channel, the main flow channel and the outflow channel are the same, so that the inertial particle separator and the array type vortex tube are combined back and forth to form a straight-line separation and dust removal device.

Further, the deflector is composed of a deflector cone and a helical blade fixed on the deflector cone and developed in a spiral shape, the number of the helical blades is 3-6, the front end and the rear end of the deflector cone are hemispheres, and the circumferential angle of the spiral blade is 180°.

Further, the inner wall of the cylinder is provided with a low-rebound material, which is located in the section from the lower part of the deflector to the upper part of the outlet pipe. The low-rebound material can suppress the larger motion inertia of the large-size particles contained in the dust-laden airflow, so that after colliding with the inner wall of the cylinder, it cannot be discharged with the pipe wall and rebound into the outlet pipe, and then mixed back into the clean flow channel through the outlet pipe (the low-rebound material can suppress the violent rebound caused by the large-size particles contained in the dust-laden airflow and the inner wall of the cylinder. The body wall escapes and re-enters the outlet pipe, and is mixed back into the clean flow channel through the outlet pipe to reduce the separation efficiency).

Further, the diameter of the outlet pipe is 1/2-1/5 of the diameter of the cylinder.

Further, the cylinder, deflector and outlet pipe in the vortex tube are all made of low-rebound, low-density materials to prevent large-diameter particles from bouncing back to the clean flow path on the wall of the vortex tube, while reducing the weight of the separator. The cylinder and the outlet pipe are facing each other.

Further, the fixed panel includes a front fixed panel and a rear fixed panel. Several fixed holes are provided on the front fixed panel and the rear fixed panel. The fixed holes correspond to the vortex tubes one by one. The front fixed panel is used to fix the cylindrical tube, and the rear fixed panel is used to fix the outlet pipe. The cylindrical tube and the outlet pipe are kept in relative position through the fixed panel without being directly connected.

Further, the array arrangement is a honeycomb arrangement, in order to obtain a larger air intake area for the vortex tube.

Further, the inlet end of the inertial particle separator and the outlet end of the arrayed vortex tube are provided with connecting flanges, which are used to connect the direct-flow two-stage separation and dust removal device to the exhaust fan and the supporting device.

Further, the particle size range is 5-500 microns.

The principle of the invention: the working principle of the inertial particle separator of the present invention is: through the severe bending of the flow channel, the large-size particles with large motion inertia maintain the original motion state, and after colliding with the upper shell, they flow out through the clear flow channel to achieve the separation effect; the working principle of the vortex tube is: the fluid is precessed by the diversion effect of the spiral blades, and under the action of centrifugal force, the particles with large motion inertia gradually move towards the wall of the cylinder.

Beneficial effect: compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

(1) The present invention uses the fluid bend between the central body and the housing in the inertial particle separator to separate the large particle size particles with small airflow followability from the dusty airflow under the action of inertial force, connect the airflow outlet of the inertial particle separator with the array type vortex tube inlet through the main channel, generate centrifugal force through the guide vanes so that the small particle size particles can be separated in the vortex tube, and prevent the large particle size particles from reaching the wall by coating the low rebound material on the inner wall of the vortex tube. Tube dust removal efficiency;

(2) The present invention separates dust-laden airflow particles for the second time, and coats the inner wall of the vortex tube with a low-rebound material to inhibit particle back-mixing, which makes up for the low dust removal efficiency of the inertial particle separator for small particle size particles and the array type vortex tube for large particle size particles.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the straight-through two-stage separation dedusting device that the present invention is used in wide particle size range;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the axial half-section and working principle of the inertial particle separator of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an axial half-section of the arrayed scroll tube of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the axial half-section of the vortex tube of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the deflector of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Incoming flow channel; 2. Inertial particle separator; 21. Shell; 22. Center body; 23. Diverter; 24. Clear flow channel; 3. Main flow channel; 4. Array type vortex tube; 41. Fixed panel; 411. Front panel; 412. Rear panel; 42. Vortex tube; 421. Cylindrical barrel; 424. Outlet pipe; 5. Outflow channel.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, a direct-flow two-stage separation and dedusting device provided by the present invention includes an inertial particle separator 2 and an arrayed vortex tube 4. The inertial particle separator 2 includes a housing 21, a central body 22, and a flow divider 23. The arrayed vortex tube 4 includes a fixed panel 41, a plurality of honeycomb-shaped vortex tubes 42, a cylinder body 43, and a dust outlet 44. The vortex tube 42 includes a cylinder 421, a flow guide 422, and an outlet pipe 424. The inner wall of 23 is integrally formed with the barrel 43 of the arrayed vortex tube 4, the inertial particle separator 2 and the arrayed vortex tube 4 are coaxial, and the inlet end of the inertial particle separator 2 and the outlet end of the arrayed vortex tube 4 are provided with connecting flanges, which are used to connect the direct-flow two-stage separation dedusting device to the exhaust fan and the supporting device.

As shown in the schematic diagram of the axial half-section of the inertial particle separator 2 in Figure 2, the housing 21 is divided into a receiving section and a separating section, the receiving section is straight, the inside of the receiving section is an incoming flow channel 1, and the separating section is arc-shaped. A main flow channel 3 is formed; the central body 22 is coaxial with the inertial particle separator 2 .

As shown in the axial half-section schematic diagram of the array type scroll tube 4 in Figure 3 and the axial half-section schematic diagram of the scroll tube 42 in Figure 4, the fixed panel 41 is used to fix the scroll tube 42 in the cylinder 43, the length of the cylinder body 43 is greater than the length of the scroll tube 42, the deflector 422 is arranged inside the cylinder 421, the length of the deflector 422 is less than the length of the cylinder 421, and the outlet pipe 424 is located at the outlet end of the cylinder 421, and the diameter of the outlet pipe 424 is smaller than the cylinder 421, the diameter of the outlet pipe 424 is 1/2-1/5 of the diameter of the cylinder 421, the cylinder 421 and the outlet pipe 424 are made of low-rebound, low-density materials, the outlet pipe 424 and the cylinder 421 are coaxial, the inner wall of the cylinder 421 is provided with a low-rebound material 423, which is located in the section from the bottom of the deflector 422 to the top of the outlet pipe 424, and the dust outlet 44 is located on the cylinder 43 relative to the outlet pipe At the position of 424, an outflow channel 5 is formed between the outlet end of the vortex tube 42 and the cylinder 43; the fixed panel 41 includes a front fixed panel 411 and a rear fixed panel 412, the front fixed panel 411 and the rear fixed panel 412 are provided with several fixed holes, and the fixed holes correspond to the vortex tube 42 one by one.

As shown in Figure 5, the deflector 422 is composed of a deflector cone 4222 and a spiral blade 4221 fixed on the deflector cone 4222 and distributed in a spiral shape. The number of the spiral blades 4221 is 3-6.

The center body 22 and the guide cone 4222 in the present invention can be made of a solid body or a hollow body. In order to reduce the weight of the device, it is preferable that the inside of the center body 22 and the guide cone 4222 is a hollow body.

The method of using the direct-flow two-stage separation dedusting device of the present invention is as follows: firstly, the direct-flow two-stage separation dedusting device is fixed on the exhaust fan and the supporting device through the connecting flange, the exhaust fan introduces the dust-laden airflow into the incoming flow channel 1, and the airflow enters the inertial particle separator 2 through the incoming flow channel 1, and then turns in the flow channel after passing through the central body 22, wherein the solid particles with larger particle diameters have relatively large motion inertia and poor flow characteristics, so they fail to enter the clean flow channel from the bend, but maintain the original motion state and collide with the upper shell. Then turn to enter the clearing flow channel 24 and be collected, complete the first separation, another part of the clean air flow, carrying a part of the small particles that have not been separated due to the small inertia of motion, the drainage through the central body 22 turns to the main flow channel 3, and then enters the array type vortex tube 4, and flows into each vortex tube unit 42. Surface collision, lose original speed, be separated along the wall surface, and then be collected through the dust outlet 44 to complete the secondary separation, and the cleaned air flows out through the outlet pipe 424.

Claims (10)

1. A direct-current two-stage separation dust collector for a wide particle size range is characterized by comprising an inertial particle separator (2) and an array vortex tube (4),

the inertial particle separator (2) comprises a shell (21), a central body (22) and a flow divider (23), wherein the shell (21) is divided into a receiving section and a separating section, the receiving section is a straight cylinder, the inside of the receiving section is an incoming flow channel (1), the separating section is an arc, the central body (22) is arranged in the separating section, the central body (22) is divided into a high rebound part and a drainage part, the flow divider (23) is arranged around the drainage part of the central body (22), a clearing flow channel (24) is formed between the flow divider (23) and the shell (21), and a main flow channel (3) is formed between the drainage part of the central body (22) and the flow divider (23); the central body (22) is coaxial with the inertial particle separator (2);

the array type vortex tube (4) comprises a fixed panel (41), a plurality of vortex tubes (42) which are arranged in an array mode, a cylinder body (43) and a dust exhaust port (44), wherein the fixed panel (41) is used for fixing the vortex tubes (42) in the cylinder body (43), the length of the cylinder body (43) is larger than that of the vortex tubes (42), the vortex tubes (42) comprise a cylinder body (421), a flow guide (422) and an outlet tube (424), the flow guide (422) is arranged in the cylinder body (421), the length of the flow guide (422) is smaller than that of the cylinder body (421), the outlet tube (424) is arranged at the outlet end of the cylinder body (421), the pipe diameter of the outlet tube (424) is smaller than that of the cylinder body (421), the outlet tube (424) and the cylinder body (421) are coaxial, the dust exhaust port (44) is arranged at the position of the cylinder body (43) relative to the outlet tube (424), and an outflow channel (5) is formed between the outlet end of the vortex tube (42) and the cylinder body (43);

the inner wall of the flow divider (23) and the cylinder body (43) of the array type vortex tube (4) are integrally formed, and the inertial particle separator (2) and the array type vortex tube (4) are coaxial.

2. The direct-current two-stage separation dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the pipe diameters of the inflow channel (1), the main flow channel (3) and the outflow channel (5) are the same.

3. The direct-current two-stage separation dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the flow guide (422) comprises a flow guide cone (4222) and spiral blades (4221) which are fixed on the flow guide cone (4222) and develop in a spiral shape, and the number of the spiral blades (4221) is 3-6.

4. A direct-flow two-stage separation dust collector according to claim 3, wherein the front and rear ends of the guide cone (4222) are hemispheres, and the circumferential angle of the spiral blade (4221) is 90-360 °.

5. The direct-current two-stage separation dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the cylindrical drum (421) is provided with a low rebound material (423) located in a section from the lower part of the deflector (422) to the upper part of the outlet pipe (424).

6. The direct-current two-stage separation dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the pipe diameter of the outlet pipe (424) is 1/2-1/5 of the pipe diameter of the cylindrical drum (421).

7. The direct-flow two-stage separation dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical drum (421), the flow guide (422) and the outlet pipe (424) in the vortex tube (42) are made of a low-rebound, low-density material.

8. The direct-current two-stage separation dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the fixing panel (41) comprises a front end fixing panel (411) and a rear end fixing panel (412), and a plurality of fixing hole sites are arranged on the front end fixing panel (411) and the rear end fixing panel (412) and correspond to the vortex tubes (42) one by one.

9. The direct current two-stage separation dust collector of claim 1, wherein the array arrangement is a honeycomb arrangement.

10. The direct-current two-stage separation dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the inlet end of the inertial particle separator (2) and the outlet end of the array vortex tube (4) are provided with connecting flanges for connecting the direct-current two-stage separation dust collector with the air extraction fan and the supporting device.