Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a manufacturing method of a plant immersed sample, specific penetrants with different ratios are added into a color fixing liquid according to the difference of hardness degree and wax layer thickness of plant materials, and a more environment-friendly preservation liquid is adopted, so that the color fixing time at normal temperature can be reduced, the color fixing effect can be improved, and the damage of the preservation liquid to human bodies can be reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A preparation method of a plant immersed specimen comprises the following steps:
(1) Collecting and trimming samples, namely collecting needed sample plant bodies from the natural world, wherein the collected samples can completely show plant characteristics, cleaning after trimming redundant parts, respectively filling the samples into plastic bags according to plant types (the plastic bags are proper in size and have leakage holes in the middle), and classifying the samples according to the hardness degree of the texture and the thickness of a wax layer;
(2) Color fixing treatment, namely preparing color fixing solutions with different proportions according to the softness and hardness degree of the plant leaf texture and the thickness of the wax layer, completely immersing the trimmed and cleaned plant into the color fixing solution, and fixing the color for 1-10 days at room temperature until the green turns yellow and then turns green, and the green returns to normal;
(3) Secondary shaping, namely taking out the fixed plant body from the fixing liquid, removing an outer plastic bag, soaking with water to remove floating color, cleaning, performing secondary trimming and shaping, and fixing the plant body on a glass plate by using a transparent line to prepare a specimen plant body;
(4) Color preservation, namely selecting preservation solutions with different proportions according to the hardness degree of the plant materials and the colors of flowers and fruits, injecting the preservation solutions into a specimen bottle, slightly placing the specimen plant body into the specimen bottle, and enabling the preservation solutions to be over the specimen;
(5) Sealing, namely, adjusting the plant body in the specimen bottle again to enable the plant body to be properly stretched, and enabling the plant body to be easy to view, covering, dissolving paraffin for sealing and labeling.
Further, the color fixing liquid is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 100 parts of deionized water, 2.5 parts of copper acetate, 0.5-2 parts of water-soluble azone and 0.5-5 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.
Further, the preservation solution is divided into preservation solution A and preservation solution B, wherein the preservation solution A is prepared by preparing a kathon reagent by 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI) 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) =3:1, diluting with water to 0.5%o, adding 1%o magnesium nitrate, 8%o boric acid, 10%o glycerol and sulfurous acid to adjust the pH value to 4-7. Is suitable for plants with flowers and fruits of red, yellow, white, etc.
The formula of preservation solution B is that 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (MI) is 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (CMI) =3:1 to prepare a kathon reagent, the kathon reagent is diluted by water to 0.5 per mill, and 0.2 per mill sodium nitrite and 10 per mill glycerol are added to adjust the pH value to 7-9. Is suitable for plants with blue, purple flowers and fruits.
The invention has the advantages that specific penetrants with different ratios are added into the color fixing liquid for compounding use according to different softness and hardness degrees of plant materials and thickness of wax layers, the permeability of the wax layers, the horny layers, the epidermis cells and the like of the plant is increased, the exchange speed of magnesium ions and copper ions at normal temperature is improved, the color fixing time is shortened, the color fixing effect is improved, plastic bags are filled in the color fixing process, the color fixing process is carried out, water is used for soaking and removing floating color, cleaning is carried out, the integrity and the modeling authenticity of a specimen can be protected, preservation liquids with different proportions are selected according to the softness and hardness degrees of the plant materials and the colors of flowers and fruits, the hardness of the specimen can be kept, the color retention time is prolonged, the color of the specimen can be kept bright for a long time, the stereoscopic impression is strong, the shape is lifelike, the preservation liquid is more environment-friendly, and the damage to human body is less.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations can be made by those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing disclosure.
Example 1
The preparation method of the bighead atractylodes rhizome plant immersed sample in the embodiment is as follows:
(1) Collecting and trimming a bighead atractylodes rhizome plant specimen from the natural world, wherein the collected specimen can completely show plant characteristics, and cleaning the plant specimen after trimming redundant parts, and filling the plant specimen into a plastic bag (the plastic bag is proper in size and provided with a leakage hole in the middle);
(2) Color fixing treatment, namely completely immersing the trimmed and cleaned bighead atractylodes rhizome specimen into a color fixing liquid (100 ml deionized water+2.5 g copper acetate+1.2 g water-soluble azone+2.5 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), and fixing the color for about 5 days at room temperature, so that the process of turning green into yellow and then turning green again can be completed;
(3) Secondary shaping, namely taking out the bighead atractylodes rhizome plant body which is well fixed in color fixing liquid, removing an outer plastic bag, soaking with water to remove floating color, cleaning, performing secondary trimming and shaping, and fixing the bighead atractylodes rhizome plant body on a glass plate by using a transparent line to prepare a bighead atractylodes rhizome sample plant body;
(4) The color preservation is carried out by lightly placing largehead atractylodes rhizome (red flower) specimen plant into specimen bottle filled with preservation solution, the preservation solution comprises 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (MI) 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (CMI) mass ratio=3:1, preparing kasong reagent, diluting with water to 0.5 per mill of mass concentration, adding 1 per mill magnesium nitrate, 8 per mill boric acid, 10 per mill glycerol, and adjusting pH value with sulfurous acid to about 5.0;
(5) Sealing, namely sealing and preserving the paraffin after the plant body in the specimen bottle is subjected to modeling adjustment again.
The bighead atractylodes rhizome plant immersed specimen of the embodiment is preserved for 3 years without obvious fading, the preservation solution is not polluted, and the specimen is still bright in color and unchanged in form.
Example 2
The preparation method of the lemon plant immersed sample of the embodiment is as follows:
(1) Sample collection and trimming as in example 1;
(2) The fixation treatment, namely completely immersing the trimmed and cleaned lemon specimen (with hard texture and thick wax layer) into fixation liquid (100 ml deionized water+2.5 g copper acetate+2 g water-soluble azone+4.5 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), and fixing the color for about 5 days at room temperature, thus finishing the process of changing from green to yellow and then re-green;
(3) Secondary shaping, namely taking out the lemon plant body with color fixed from the color fixing liquid, removing an outer plastic bag, soaking with water to remove floating color, cleaning, performing secondary trimming and shaping, and fixing the lemon plant body on a glass plate by using a transparent line to prepare the lemon sample plant body;
(4) The color preservation is carried out by lightly placing lemon (yellow flower) specimen plant into specimen bottle filled with preservation solution, the preservation solution comprises 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (MI) 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (CMI) mass ratio=3:1, preparing kasong reagent, diluting with water to 0.5 per mill of mass concentration, adding 1 per mill magnesium nitrate, 8 per mill boric acid, 10 per mill glycerin, and adjusting pH value with sulfurous acid to about 5.5;
(5) Sealing, namely sealing and preserving the paraffin after the plant body in the specimen bottle is subjected to modeling adjustment again.
The lemon plant immersed specimen of the embodiment is preserved for 3 years without obvious fading, the preservation solution is not polluted, and the specimen is still bright in color and unchanged in form.
Example 3
The preparation method of the gardenia plant immersed sample of the embodiment is as follows:
(1) Sample collection and trimming as in example 1;
(2) The color fixing treatment, namely completely immersing the trimmed and cleaned gardenia specimen (with hard texture and thick wax layer) into a color fixing liquid (100 ml deionized water+2.5 g copper acetate+2 g water-soluble azone+4.5 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), and fixing the color for about 5 days at room temperature, thus finishing the process of changing from green to yellow and then re-green;
(3) Secondary shaping, namely taking out the color-fixed gardenia plant body from the color fixing liquid, removing an outer plastic bag, soaking with water to remove floating color, cleaning, performing secondary trimming and shaping, and fixing the color-fixed gardenia plant body on a glass plate by using a transparent line to prepare a gardenia sample plant body;
(4) The color preservation is carried out by lightly placing gardenia (white) specimen plant into specimen bottle filled with preservation solution, the preservation solution comprises 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI) 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) mass ratio=3:1, preparing kasong reagent, diluting with water to 0.5%o of mass concentration, adding 1%o magnesium nitrate, 8%o boric acid, 10%o glycerol, and adjusting pH value with sulfurous acid to about 5.5;
(5) Sealing, namely sealing and preserving the paraffin after the plant body in the specimen bottle is subjected to modeling adjustment again.
The gardenia plant immersed specimen of the embodiment is preserved for 3 years without obvious fading, the preservation solution is not polluted, and the specimen is still bright in color and unchanged in form.
Example 4
The preparation method of the chrysanthemum plant immersed sample in the embodiment is as follows:
(1) Sample collection and trimming as in example 1;
(2) The fixation treatment, namely completely immersing the trimmed and cleaned chrysanthemum specimens into fixation liquid (100 ml deionized water+2.5 g copper acetate+1.2 g water-soluble azone+2.5 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), and fixing the chrysanthemum specimens at room temperature for about 4 days, thus completing the process of changing from green to yellow and then returning to green;
(3) Secondary shaping, namely taking out the chrysanthemum plant body which is well fixed in color from the color fixing liquid, removing an outer plastic bag, soaking with water to remove floating color, cleaning, performing secondary trimming and shaping, and fixing the chrysanthemum plant body on a glass plate by using a transparent line to prepare the chrysanthemum sample plant body;
(4) The color preservation is carried out by lightly placing chrysanthemum (yellow) specimen plant into specimen bottle filled with preservation solution, the preservation solution comprises 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (MI) 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (CMI) mass ratio=3:1, preparing kasong reagent, diluting with water to 0.5%o of mass concentration, adding 1%o magnesium nitrate, 8%o boric acid, 10%o glycerol, and adjusting pH value with sulfurous acid to about 5.5;
(5) Sealing, namely sealing and preserving the paraffin after the plant body in the specimen bottle is subjected to modeling adjustment again.
The chrysanthemum plant immersed sample of the embodiment is preserved for 3 years without obvious fading, the preservation solution is not polluted, and the sample is still bright in color and unchanged in form.
Example 5
The preparation method of the lily plant immersed sample of the embodiment is as follows:
(1) Sample collection and trimming as in example 1;
(2) The color fixation treatment, namely, completely immersing the trimmed and cleaned lily specimens into a color fixation liquid (100 ml deionized water+2.5 g copper acetate+1.2 g water-soluble azone+2.5 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), and fixing the color at room temperature for about 4 days, thus completing the process of turning green into yellow and then turning green again;
(3) Secondary shaping, namely taking out the lily plant body which is well fixed in color from the color fixing liquid, removing an outer plastic bag, soaking with water to remove floating color, cleaning, performing secondary trimming and shaping, and fixing the lily plant body on a glass plate by using a transparent line to prepare a lily sample plant body;
(4) The color preservation is carried out by lightly placing lily (red flower) sample plant into sample bottle filled with preservation solution, the preservation solution comprises 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (MI) 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (CMI) mass ratio=3:1, preparing kasong reagent, diluting with water to 0.5%o of mass concentration, adding 1%o magnesium nitrate, 8%o boric acid, 10%o glycerol, and adjusting pH value with sulfurous acid to about 5.0;
(5) Sealing, namely sealing and preserving the paraffin after the plant body in the specimen bottle is subjected to modeling adjustment again.
The lily plant immersed specimen of the embodiment is preserved for 3 years without obvious fading, the preservation solution is not polluted, and the specimen is still bright in color and unchanged in form.
Example 6
The preparation method of the morning glory plant immersed sample of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) Sample collection and trimming as in example 1;
(2) The fixation treatment, namely, completely immersing the trimmed and washed morning glory specimens (soft texture) into a fixation liquid (100 ml deionized water+2.5 g copper acetate+1.2 g water-soluble azone+2.5 g fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether) (flowers are protected from being immersed into the fixation liquid), and fixing the color for about 2 days at room temperature, thus finishing the process of changing from green to yellow to re-green;
(3) Secondary shaping, namely taking out the fixed pharbitis plant body from the color fixing liquid, removing an outer plastic bag, soaking with water to remove floating color, cleaning, performing secondary trimming and shaping, and fixing the obtained product on a glass plate by using a transparent line to prepare a pharbitis specimen plant body;
(4) The color preservation is carried out by lightly placing a petunia (flower purple) specimen into a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution, wherein the preservation solution comprises 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (MI) 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-ketone (CMI) =3:1, preparing a kasong reagent, diluting with water until the mass concentration is 0.5 per mill, adding 0.2 per mill sodium nitrite, 10 per mill glycerol, and adjusting pH value with sodium hydroxide to 8.5;
(5) Sealing, namely sealing and preserving the paraffin after the plant body in the specimen bottle is subjected to modeling adjustment again.
The morning glory plant immersed specimen of the embodiment is preserved for 3 years without obvious fading, the preservation solution is not polluted, and the specimen is still bright in color and unchanged in form.
Comparative example 1
The trimmed and cleaned bighead atractylodes rhizome specimen is completely immersed in a conventional fixation liquid (100 ml of water+3.0 g of copper sulfate+10 ml of glacial acetic acid), and fixation is carried out for about 11 days at natural temperature, so that the process of changing from green to yellow and then re-green can be gradually completed. And taking out the color-fixed bighead atractylodes rhizome specimen from the fixing liquid, removing an outer plastic bag, soaking with water to remove floating color, cleaning, performing secondary trimming and shaping, and fixing the bighead atractylodes rhizome specimen on a glass slat by using a transparent wire to prepare the specimen plant body. The specimen was gently placed in a specimen bottle filled with a preservation solution (preservation solution formulation: 100ml water +6ml formaldehyde +2.5ml sulfurous acid +1ml glycerin +1g magnesium chloride), and after the plant body in the specimen bottle was again subjected to molding adjustment, the paraffin was sealed and preserved. The specimens were preserved for 3 years, the preservation solution became turbid, and the color gradually faded.
Comparative example 2
The trimmed and cleaned lemon specimen is completely immersed in a fixation liquid (100 ml of water+2.5 g of copper acetate+6.5 g of water-soluble azone), and is fixed for about 10 days at room temperature, and the lemon specimen gradually turns from green to yellow, but is not completely re-green, and has partial color distortion. And taking out the lemon specimen with fixed color from the fixing liquid, removing an outer plastic bag, soaking with water to remove floating color, cleaning, performing secondary trimming and shaping, and fixing on a glass plate by using a transparent line to prepare the specimen plant body. The lemon specimen is gently placed into a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution (preservation solution formula: 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI): 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) =3:1), diluted with water to 0.5%o, added with 1%o magnesium nitrate, 8%o boric acid, 10%o glycerol and sulfurous acid to adjust pH value to 5.5), and the plant body in the specimen bottle is subjected to molding adjustment again, and then sealed and preserved by paraffin. The specimens were preserved for 3 years, the preservation solution appeared turbid, and the color of the specimens became dark.
Comparative example 3
The trimmed and cleaned gardenia specimen is completely immersed in a conventional color fixing liquid (100 ml of water+2.5 g of copper acetate+6.5 g of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether), and the color is fixed for about 8 days at room temperature, so that the green color is gradually faded and the re-green color is incomplete. And taking out the color-fixed gardenia specimen from the fixing liquid, removing an outer plastic bag, soaking with water to remove floating color, cleaning, performing secondary trimming and shaping, and fixing the color-fixed gardenia specimen on a glass ribbon board by using a transparent wire to prepare the specimen plant body. The gardenia specimen is gently placed into a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution (preservation solution formula: 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MI): 2-methyl-5-chloro-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMI) =3:1), diluted with water to 0.5%o, added with 1%o magnesium nitrate, 8%o boric acid, 10%o glycerol and sulfurous acid to adjust pH value to 5.5), and the plant body in the specimen bottle is subjected to molding adjustment again, and then sealed and preserved by paraffin. The specimens were preserved for 3 years, the preservation solution appeared turbid, and the color of the specimens became dark.
Comparative example 4
The trimmed and cleaned bighead atractylodes rhizome specimen is completely immersed in a fixation liquid (100 ml of water+2.5 g of copper acetate+1.2 g of water-soluble azone+2.5 g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether), and fixation is carried out for about 5 days at room temperature, so that the process of changing from green to yellow and then re-green can be completed. And taking out the color-fixed bighead atractylodes rhizome specimen from the fixing liquid, removing an outer plastic bag, soaking with water to remove floating color, cleaning, performing secondary trimming and shaping, and fixing the bighead atractylodes rhizome specimen on a glass slat by using a transparent wire to prepare the specimen plant body. The largehead atractylodes rhizome specimen is lightly placed into a specimen bottle filled with preservation solution (preservation solution formula: 100ml of water, 6ml of formaldehyde, 2.5ml of sulfurous acid, 1ml of glycerol and 1g of magnesium chloride), and plant bodies in the specimen bottle are subjected to modeling adjustment again, and then are sealed and preserved in a sealing manner by paraffin. The color of the specimen is faded when the specimen is preserved for about 3 years, and the preservation solution is slightly turbid.
Therefore, the compound use effect of the two penetrants (water-soluble azone and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether) is better than that of any one of the penetrants.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.