CN116445781A - Method for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum-lithium alloy - Google Patents
Method for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum-lithium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251729 Elasmobranchii Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种提高铝锂合金耐腐蚀性能的方法，该铝锂合金为Al‑4.0Cu‑1.1Li‑0.45Mg‑0.39Ag‑0.11Zr‑0.09Fe‑0.03Ti‑0.005Si，通过对该所述Al‑4.0Cu‑1.1Li‑0.45Mg‑0.39Ag‑0.11Zr‑0.09Fe‑0.03Ti‑0.005Si铝锂合金进行热处理来增强其耐腐蚀性能，本发明涉及有色金属技术领域。该提高铝锂合金耐腐蚀性能的方法，制备过程简单，采用固溶，单级时效和双级时效的方法进行热处理，所用仪器是常见的马弗炉，电化学工作站，超声波，抛光机等，获得材料的腐蚀性能相比于单级时效24小时有较大提高。
The invention discloses a method for improving the corrosion resistance of an aluminum-lithium alloy, the aluminum-lithium alloy being Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si The Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum-lithium alloy is heat-treated to enhance its corrosion resistance, and the invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metals. The method for improving the corrosion resistance of the aluminum-lithium alloy has a simple preparation process, adopts solid solution, single-stage aging and double-stage aging methods for heat treatment, and the instruments used are common muffle furnaces, electrochemical workstations, ultrasonic waves, polishing machines, etc. The corrosion performance of the obtained material is greatly improved compared with the single-stage aging for 24 hours.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及有色金属技术领域，具体为一种提高铝锂合金耐腐蚀性能的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metals, in particular to a method for improving the corrosion resistance of aluminum-lithium alloys.
背景技术Background technique
锂是世界上最轻的金属元素。把锂作为合金元素加到金属中，就形成了铝锂合金。加入锂之后，可以降低合金的比重，增加刚度，同时仍然保持较高的强度、较好的抗腐蚀性和抗疲劳性以及适宜的延展性。因为这些特性，这种新型合金受到了、航天以及航海业的广泛关注。正是由于这种合金的许多优点，吸引着许多科学家对它进行研究，铝锂合金主要为飞机和航空航天设备的减重而研制的，因此也主要应用于航空航天领域，还应用于军械和用材，坦克，鱼雷和其它兵器结构件方面，此外在汽车、机器人等领域也有充分运用。Lithium is the lightest metal element in the world. When lithium is added to the metal as an alloying element, an aluminum-lithium alloy is formed. After adding lithium, the specific gravity of the alloy can be reduced, and the rigidity can be increased, while still maintaining high strength, good corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, and suitable ductility. Because of these properties, this new alloy has received widespread attention from the military, aerospace and marine industries. It is precisely because of the many advantages of this alloy that many scientists are attracted to it. Aluminum-lithium alloys are mainly developed for the weight reduction of aircraft and aerospace equipment, so they are also mainly used in the aerospace field, and are also used in ordnance and In terms of materials, tanks, torpedoes and other weapon structures, it is also fully used in the fields of automobiles and robots.
铝锂合金属于可强化处理铝合金，铝锂合金因其弹性模量高、比强度和刚度高、损伤耐受度高、密度低、可焊性好等优点，被广泛应用于航空航天等领域。Al-Li合金还具有耐疲劳性，耐低温性能，成形性等优点。铝锂合金经过T6单级时效，屈服强度和抗拉强度得到提高，但耐腐蚀性能下降。而对于铝锂合金来说，双级时效工艺不仅能提高铝锂合金的强度，而且耐腐蚀性能也能得到较大的提高。预时效析出影响着终时效析出的行为，低温预时效的目的是形成大量、均匀的GP区和δ′相，以此为基础，可以在终时效时转化或直接形核析出θ′相、T1相等强化相，改变了传统时效工艺的微观组织形貌，从而使合金具有良好的耐腐蚀性能和力学性能.Aluminum-lithium alloys belong to aluminum alloys that can be strengthened. Aluminum-lithium alloys are widely used in aerospace and other fields due to their high elastic modulus, high specific strength and stiffness, high damage tolerance, low density, and good weldability. . Al-Li alloy also has the advantages of fatigue resistance, low temperature resistance, formability and so on. After T6 single-stage aging, the yield strength and tensile strength of aluminum-lithium alloy are improved, but the corrosion resistance is decreased. For aluminum-lithium alloys, the dual-stage aging process can not only improve the strength of the aluminum-lithium alloy, but also greatly improve the corrosion resistance. Pre-aging precipitation affects the behavior of final aging precipitation. The purpose of low-temperature pre-aging is to form a large number of uniform GP regions and δ′ phases. Based on this, the θ′ phase and T1 phase can be transformed or directly nucleated during final aging. The equal strengthening phase changes the microstructure morphology of the traditional aging process, so that the alloy has good corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
发明内容Contents of the invention
(一)解决的技术问题(1) Solved technical problems
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种提高铝锂合金耐腐蚀性能的方法，通过采用慢速升温速率及调整预时效工艺，得到适用于工业条件下的双级时效工艺，使处理后合金兼顾良好的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for improving the corrosion resistance of aluminum-lithium alloys. By adopting a slow heating rate and adjusting the pre-aging process, a dual-stage aging process suitable for industrial conditions is obtained, so that after treatment The alloy takes into account good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.
(二)技术方案(2) Technical solution
为实现以上目的，本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现：一种提高铝锂合金耐腐蚀性能的方法，该铝锂合金为Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si，所述Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝锂合金成分的质量百分比为：Cu：3.7～4.3％，Li：0.8～1.3％，Mg：0.25～0.8％，Ag：0.25～0.6％，Zr：0.08～0.16％，Fe：≤0.09％，Ti≤0.1％，Si≤0.12％，余量为Al和不可避免的杂质，通过对该所述Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝锂合金进行热处理来增强其耐腐蚀性能。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a method for improving the corrosion resistance of aluminum-lithium alloy, the aluminum-lithium alloy is Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe -0.03Ti-0.005Si, the mass percentage of the Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum-lithium alloy composition is: Cu: 3.7-4.3%, Li: 0.8～1.3%, Mg: 0.25～0.8%, Ag: 0.25～0.6%, Zr: 0.08～0.16%, Fe: ≤0.09%, Ti≤0.1%, Si≤0.12%, the balance is Al and not To avoid impurities, the corrosion resistance of the Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum-lithium alloy is enhanced by heat treatment.
优选的，对该所述Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝锂合金进行热处理的方法具体包括以下步骤：Preferably, the method for heat treating the Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum-lithium alloy specifically includes the following steps:
S1、固溶处理：从室温升高到520℃，室温是25℃，升温时间是1.5h,保温0.5h，室温水冷淬火；S1. Solution treatment: from room temperature to 520°C, room temperature is 25°C, heating time is 1.5h, heat preservation is 0.5h, room temperature is water-cooled and quenched;
S2、单级时效：以5℃/min升温速率从室温升温到160℃，保温时间8h；S2. Single-stage aging: heat up from room temperature to 160°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min, and hold for 8 hours;
S3、双级时效：以5℃/min升温速率从室温升温到80～100℃，保温时间4～8h,然后直接随炉以5℃/min升温速率从室温升温到160℃保温时间24h,之后空冷至室温。S3. Two-stage aging: heat up from room temperature to 80-100°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min, hold for 4-8 hours, then directly follow the furnace with a heating rate of 5°C/min from room temperature to 160°C for 24 hours, and then Air cool to room temperature.
优选的，所述双级时效中的预时效分别为80℃保温4～6h，90℃保温5～7h,100℃保温4h。Preferably, the pre-aging in the two-stage aging is respectively heat preservation at 80°C for 4-6 hours, heat preservation at 90°C for 5-7 hours, and heat preservation at 100°C for 4 hours.
本发明还提供了一种通过提高铝锂合金耐腐蚀性能的方法得到的高强耐腐蚀Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝合金。The invention also provides a high-strength corrosion-resistant Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum alloy obtained by improving the corrosion resistance of the aluminum-lithium alloy.
优选的，所述Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝锂合金成分的质量百分比为：Cu：4％，Li：1％，Mg：0.5％，Ag：0.4％，Zr：0.1％，Fe：≤0.09％，Ti≤0.1％，Si≤0.12％，余量为Al和不可避免的杂质。Preferably, the mass percent of the Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum-lithium alloy composition is: Cu: 4%, Li: 1%, Mg : 0.5%, Ag: 0.4%, Zr: 0.1%, Fe: ≤0.09%, Ti≤0.1%, Si≤0.12%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.
优选的，所述Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝锂合金成分的质量百分比为：Cu：3.7％，Li：0.8％，Mg：0.25％，Ag：0.25％，Zr：0.08％，Fe：≤0.09％，Ti≤0.1％，Si≤0.12％，余量为Al和不可避免的杂质。Preferably, the mass percent of the Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum lithium alloy composition is: Cu: 3.7%, Li: 0.8%, Mg : 0.25%, Ag: 0.25%, Zr: 0.08%, Fe: ≤0.09%, Ti≤0.1%, Si≤0.12%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.
优选的，所述Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝锂合金成分的质量百分比为：Cu：4.3％，Li：1.3％，Mg：0.8％，Ag：0.6％，Zr：0.16％，Fe：≤0.09％，Ti≤0.1％，Si≤0.12％，余量为Al和不可避免的杂质。Preferably, the mass percent of the Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum-lithium alloy composition is: Cu: 4.3%, Li: 1.3%, Mg : 0.8%, Ag: 0.6%, Zr: 0.16%, Fe: ≤0.09%, Ti≤0.1%, Si≤0.12%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.
优选的，所述Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝锂合金成分的质量百分比为：Cu：3.9％，Li：0.9％，Mg：0.45％，Ag：0.5％，Zr：0.12％，Fe：≤0.09％，Ti≤0.1％，Si≤0.12％，余量为Al和不可避免的杂质。Preferably, the mass percent of the Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum lithium alloy composition is: Cu: 3.9%, Li: 0.9%, Mg : 0.45%, Ag: 0.5%, Zr: 0.12%, Fe: ≤0.09%, Ti≤0.1%, Si≤0.12%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities.
(三)有益效果(3) Beneficial effects
本发明提供了一种提高铝锂合金耐腐蚀性能的方法。与现有技术相比具备以下有益效果：该提高铝锂合金耐腐蚀性能的方法，该铝锂合金为Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si，Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝锂合金成分的质量百分比为：Cu：3.7～4.3％，Li：0.8～1.3％，Mg：0.25～0.8％，Ag：0.25～0.6％，Zr：0.08～0.16％，Fe：≤0.09％，Ti≤0.1％，Si≤0.12％，余量为Al和不可避免的杂质，通过对该Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝锂合金进行热处理来增强其耐腐蚀性能，在进行双级时效时，析出相经过预时效过后，低温预时效会形成大量、均匀的GP区和δ′相、T1相，以此为基础，可以在终时效时转化或直接形核析出θ′相、T1相等，改变了传统时效工艺的微观组织形貌，从而使合金具有良好的耐腐蚀性能。合金的晶界较宽且析出相呈粗大且断续分布，有益于提高合金的耐腐蚀性能。The invention provides a method for improving the corrosion resistance of the aluminum-lithium alloy. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects: the method for improving the corrosion resistance of aluminum-lithium alloy, the aluminum-lithium alloy is Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti- The mass percentage of 0.005Si, Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum-lithium alloy composition is: Cu: 3.7-4.3%, Li: 0.8-1.3% , Mg: 0.25～0.8%, Ag: 0.25～0.6%, Zr: 0.08～0.16%, Fe: ≤0.09%, Ti≤0.1%, Si≤0.12%, the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities. The Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum-lithium alloy is heat-treated to enhance its corrosion resistance. During double-stage aging, the precipitated phase is pre-aged Afterwards, low-temperature pre-aging will form a large number of uniform GP regions, δ′ phases, and T1 phases. Based on this, the θ′ phases and T1 phases can be transformed or directly nucleated during final aging, which changes the traditional aging process. Microstructural morphology, so that the alloy has good corrosion resistance. The grain boundaries of the alloy are wide and the precipitates are coarse and discontinuously distributed, which is beneficial to improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明各实施例制得的经过固溶、双级时效和时效24小时的极化曲线比较示意图；Fig. 1 is the comparative schematic diagram of the polarization curves obtained through solid solution, double-stage aging and aging for 24 hours in various embodiments of the present invention;
图2为本发明各实施例制得的固溶和、双级时效和时效24小时的Nyquist阻抗比较示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of Nyquist impedances of solid solution, double-stage aging and 24-hour aging obtained in various embodiments of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
请参阅图1-2，本发明实施例提供三种技术方案：一种提高铝锂合金耐腐蚀性能的方法，具体包括以下实施例：Please refer to Figures 1-2, the embodiments of the present invention provide three technical solutions: a method for improving the corrosion resistance of aluminum-lithium alloys, specifically including the following embodiments:
实施例1Example 1
将Will
Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝合金进行固溶处理，从室温升高到520℃，室温是25℃，升温时间是1.5h,保温0.5h，室温水冷淬火；Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum alloy is subjected to solution treatment, from room temperature to 520 °C, the room temperature is 25 °C, and the heating time is 1.5 h, heat preservation for 0.5h, water cooling and quenching at room temperature;
经过计算，经过固溶处理过后自腐蚀电位为-1.4216V，自腐蚀电流为1.2494×10-5A/cm2，电荷转移电阻为176500Ωcm2；相比于时效24小时的自腐蚀电位为-1.5246V，自腐蚀电流为5.2211×10-5A/cm2，电荷转移电阻为13600Ωcm2(如图1，2中所示)；实施例1中材料的自腐蚀电位变大，自腐蚀电流变小，电荷转移电阻变大，说明材料表面原子得失电子变难，原子稳定性变高，平均腐蚀速率减小，耐腐蚀性能增强。After calculation, the self-corrosion potential after solid solution treatment is -1.4216V, the self-corrosion current is 1.2494×10-5A/cm 2 , and the charge transfer resistance is 176500Ωcm 2 ; compared to the self-corrosion potential of 24 hours of aging, it is -1.5246V , the self-corrosion current is 5.2211×10 -5 A/cm2, and the charge transfer resistance is 13600Ωcm 2 (as shown in Figure 1 and 2); the self-corrosion potential of the material in Example 1 becomes larger, the self-corrosion current becomes smaller, and the charge The larger the transfer resistance, the more difficult it is for the atoms on the surface of the material to gain and lose electrons, the higher the stability of the atoms, the lower the average corrosion rate, and the stronger the corrosion resistance.
实施例2Example 2
将Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝合金进行固溶处理，从室温升高到520℃，室温是25℃，升温时间是1.5h,保温0.5h，室温水冷淬火；然后进行单级时效处理，以5℃/min升温速率从室温升温到160℃，保温时间8h。The Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum alloy is subjected to solution treatment, from room temperature to 520 °C, the room temperature is 25 °C, and the heating time is 1.5h, heat preservation for 0.5h, water cooling and quenching at room temperature; then single-stage aging treatment, from room temperature to 160°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min, holding time 8h.
经过计算，经过单级时效8h处理过后的自腐蚀电位为-1.5206V，自腐蚀电流为6.4396×10-5A/cm2，电荷转移电阻为20620Ωcm2；相比于时效24小时的自腐蚀电位为-1.5246V，自腐蚀电流为5.2211×10-5A/cm2，电荷转移电阻为13600Ωcm2(如图1，2中所示)；实施例2中材料的自腐蚀电位相差不大，自腐蚀电流变小，电荷转移电阻变大，说明材料表面原子得失电子变难，原子稳定性变高，平均腐蚀速率减小，耐腐蚀性能增强。After calculation, the self-corrosion potential after single-stage aging for 8 hours is -1.5206V, the self-corrosion current is 6.4396×10 -5 A/cm 2 , and the charge transfer resistance is 20620Ωcm 2 ; compared to the self-corrosion potential of 24-hour aging is -1.5246V, the self-corrosion current is 5.2211×10-5A/cm 2 , and the charge transfer resistance is 13600Ωcm 2 (as shown in Figures 1 and 2); the self-corrosion potentials of the materials in Example 2 are not much different, and the self-corrosion The smaller the current, the larger the charge transfer resistance, indicating that it is difficult for the atoms on the surface of the material to gain and lose electrons, the stability of the atoms becomes higher, the average corrosion rate decreases, and the corrosion resistance increases.
实施例3Example 3
将Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si铝合金进行固溶处理，从室温升高到520℃，室温是25℃，升温时间是1.5h,保温0.5h，室温水冷淬火；以5℃/min升温速率从室温升温到100℃，保温时间4h,然后直接随炉以5℃/min升温速率从室温升温至160℃保温时间24h,之后空冷至室温。The Al-4.0Cu-1.1Li-0.45Mg-0.39Ag-0.11Zr-0.09Fe-0.03Ti-0.005Si aluminum alloy is subjected to solution treatment, from room temperature to 520 °C, the room temperature is 25 °C, and the heating time is 1.5h, keep warm for 0.5h, water cooling and quenching at room temperature; heat up from room temperature to 100°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min, hold for 4h, then directly follow the furnace with a heating rate of 5°C/min from room temperature to 160°C, hold for 24h, Then air cool to room temperature.
经过计算，经过双级时效处理过后的自腐蚀电位为-1.4082V，自腐蚀电流为4.8101×10-6A/cm2，电荷转移电阻为215900Ωcm2；相比于时效24小时的自腐蚀电位为-1.5246V，自腐蚀电流为5.2211×10-5A/cm2，电荷转移电阻为13600Ωcm2(如图1，2中所示)；实施例3中材料的自腐蚀电位变大，自腐蚀电流变小，电荷转移电阻变大，说明材料表面原子得失电子变难，原子稳定性变高，平均腐蚀速率减小，耐腐蚀性能增强。After calculation, the self-corrosion potential after double-stage aging treatment is -1.4082V, the self-corrosion current is 4.8101×10 -6 A/cm 2 , and the charge transfer resistance is 215900Ωcm 2 ; -1.5246V, the self-corrosion current is 5.2211×10-5A/cm 2 , and the charge transfer resistance is 13600Ωcm 2 (as shown in Figures 1 and 2); the self-corrosion potential of the material in Example 3 becomes larger, and the self-corrosion electrorheological Smaller, the charge transfer resistance becomes larger, indicating that it is difficult for the atoms on the surface of the material to gain and lose electrons, the stability of the atoms becomes higher, the average corrosion rate decreases, and the corrosion resistance is enhanced.
综上，本发明在进行双级时效时，析出相经过预时效过后，低温预时效会形成大量、均匀的GP区和δ′相、T1相，以此为基础，可以在终时效时转化或直接形核析出θ′相、T1相等，改变了传统时效工艺的微观组织形貌，从而使合金具有良好的耐腐蚀性能。合金的晶界较宽且析出相呈粗大且断续分布，有益于提高合金的耐腐蚀性能。In summary, when the present invention is performing double-stage aging, after the precipitated phase is pre-aged, a large number of uniform GP regions, δ′ phases, and T1 phases will be formed during low-temperature pre-aging. Based on this, it can be converted or The direct nucleation and precipitation of θ′ phase and equal T1 changes the microstructure morphology of the traditional aging process, so that the alloy has good corrosion resistance. The grain boundaries of the alloy are wide and the precipitates are coarse and discontinuously distributed, which is beneficial to improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy.
同时本说明书中未作详细描述的内容均属于本领域技术人员公知的现有技术。At the same time, the content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is a relationship between these entities or operations. There is no such actual relationship or order between them. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or device.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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