CN116422907B - Binary channels laser vibration material disk numerical control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a numerical control system for dual-channel laser additive manufacturing, which comprises a workbench, two groups of laser execution components and a control unit, wherein the workbench is connected with the two groups of laser execution components; the workbench comprises a circular platform and an annular track positioned at the edge of the circular platform, and the control unit controls the laser execution assemblies to work, wherein each laser head is controlled on the plane to spirally travel from the edge of the circular platform to the center of the circular platform or from the center of the circular platform to the edge of the circular platform, so that useless paths of the laser execution assemblies are reduced, and the processing efficiency of each group of laser execution assemblies is improved; the two laser heads are longitudinally controlled to advance in a step manner along the vertical direction, so that the two groups of laser heads can process on two planes at the same time, and the working efficiency is further improved; the specific positions of the laser execution assemblies of each group and the surface condition of the additive manufacturing molten pool can be monitored in real time through the arrangement of the monitoring unit, so that the two groups of laser execution assemblies can be processed independently and can be repaired mutually, and the processing quality is ensured.

Description

Binary channels laser vibration material disk numerical control system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control, in particular to a numerical control system for dual-channel laser additive manufacturing.

Background

The laser additive manufacturing technology, also called 3D printing, is one of the most potential advanced manufacturing technologies at present, and is particularly suitable for direct forming and remanufacturing of parts with complex structures due to the unique layered manufacturing and layered stacking processing mode, and has wide application prospects in the fields of aerospace, ships, biomedical and the like. Compared with the traditional manufacturing process, the laser additive manufacturing technology has the potential advantages that (1) the manufacturing flexibility is good, the laser additive manufacturing technology can realize the manufacturing of parts with high complexity, meanwhile, the structure of the parts is not limited by the manufacturing technology any more, and the laser additive manufacturing technology has great advantages on topological optimization, lightweight design and the like of the complex parts. (2) The cycle is short, the manufacturing process of the laser additive manufacturing technology is few, and the processing path can be generated according to a software model such as a CAD model. The physical processing and the manufacturing period are much shorter than the traditional manufacturing technology, and a great amount of time and cost are saved. (3) The rapid solidification is that the laser additive manufacturing technology taking high-energy laser as a heat source has high cooling rate and large temperature gradient, can form components with fine grains, and has the characteristics of high density, excellent mechanical property and the like; and the repair of vulnerable parts and the improvement of the performance of vulnerable parts can be realized, the cost is saved, and the waste is reduced. However, the existing numerical control equipment for laser additive manufacturing mostly performs layer-by-layer lamination processing according to a preset path, has low efficiency, and cannot control the two channels simultaneously, so that a two-channel numerical control system for laser additive manufacturing is needed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a numerical control system for dual-channel laser additive manufacturing, which can simultaneously control dual-channel lasers to carry out multi-layer synchronous processing, improve the working efficiency and solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a numerical control system for dual-channel laser additive manufacturing comprises a workbench, two groups of laser execution components and a control unit; wherein:

the stage includes a circular platform and an annular track at an edge of the circular platform, the annular track configured to guide the laser executing assembly to rotate about the circular platform;

each group of laser executing assemblies comprises a longitudinal rail and a radial rail which are mutually perpendicular, and a laser head which is slidably arranged on the radial rail, wherein the longitudinal rail is configured to guide the radial rail to move along the vertical direction, and the radial rail is configured to guide the laser head to move along the radial direction of the circular platform;

the control unit generates at least the following instructions:

in a plane, controlling each laser head to spirally travel from the circular platform edge to the center of the circular platform or from the center of the circular platform to the circular platform edge;

and in the longitudinal direction, controlling the two laser heads to advance in a stepped manner along the vertical direction.

Preferably, the workbench further comprises:

the rotary disc is coaxially arranged at the top end of the circular platform, the rotary disc is provided with a driving motor, the driving motor drives the rotary disc to rotate, and a guide sliding rail is radially arranged on the rotary disc;

the feeding slide rail and the discharging slide rail are respectively arranged at two sides of the circular platform;

the bearing platform is characterized in that a first electric sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the bearing platform and slides onto the rotary disk from the feeding sliding rail or slides onto the discharging sliding rail from the rotary disk.

Preferably, the workbench further comprises a base which is positioned at the bottom of the circular platform and is coaxially arranged, a first annular sliding rail is arranged on the base, second electric sliding blocks are arranged at the bottom ends of the feeding sliding rail and the discharging sliding rail, the second electric sliding blocks are slidably mounted in the first annular sliding rail, a rotating shaft is arranged between the feeding sliding rail and the discharging sliding rail and the corresponding second electric sliding blocks, and the rotating shaft is provided with a driving motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and the feeding sliding rail and the discharging sliding rail synchronously rotate along with the corresponding rotating shaft.

Preferably, the longitudinal track is connected with the annular track through a third electric sliding block;

the base is also provided with a second annular sliding rail, the bottom end of the longitudinal rail is provided with a first follower block connected with the second annular sliding rail, and the first follower block supports the longitudinal rail.

Preferably, the radial track is oriented towards the center of the circular platform, and the length of the radial track is at least movable by the laser head to be collinear with the center point of the circular platform;

the second follower slide block is arranged on the longitudinal track and moves up and down synchronously along with the radial track, and the second follower slide block is connected with the radial track, which is close to the center of the circular platform, through a pull rod.

Preferably, the numerical control system further comprises a monitoring unit, the monitoring unit comprises a rotation angle monitoring device and a visual monitoring device, the rotation angle monitoring device acquires the rotation angles of the laser execution assemblies of each group relative to preset points in real time, rotation angle data are generated and fed back to the control unit, and the visual monitoring device is used for monitoring the surface of the additive manufacturing molten pool on line, generating image data and feeding back to the control unit.

Preferably, an angle difference threshold is set in the control unit, wherein the control unit controls the two groups of laser executing assemblies to independently complete preset work on the corresponding working surfaces, and when the difference value between the two groups of rotation angle data received by the control unit is smaller than the angle difference threshold, the laser executing assembly of the higher-order working surface stops working until the difference value is larger than the angle difference threshold, and the laser executing assembly corresponding to the angle difference threshold is restarted.

Preferably, the rotation angle monitoring device is mounted on the third electric sliding block, a plurality of reference points are arranged on the circular platform, the rotation angle monitoring device is used for monitoring the included angle between the third electric sliding block and the adjacent reference point, and the control unit receives rotation angle data in real time and determines the position of the third electric sliding block by taking the corresponding reference point as a coordinate.

Preferably, each laser head is provided with a visual monitoring device, each visual monitoring device comprises at least two groups of camera assemblies, the two groups of camera assemblies are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the spiral advancing direction of the laser head, the surfaces of additive manufacturing molten pools before and after the laser head works are monitored in real time respectively, and image data are formed respectively and fed back to the control unit.

Preferably, after receiving and processing the image data fed back by each group of camera modules, the control unit generates the following instructions:

when each group of image data is normal, the two groups of laser executing components work according to a preset instruction;

when the laser head on the lower first-order working surface is positioned at the rear of the travelling direction and the imaging assembly feeds back the abnormality, and/or when the laser head on the higher first-order working surface is positioned at the front of the travelling direction and feeds back the abnormality, the laser head on the higher first-order working surface travels to the abnormality point and moves down to the lower first-order working surface to repair the abnormality point and then resets.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: in the invention, the spiral advancing mode is adopted to process by two groups of laser executing assemblies around the circular platform, so that the spiral processing from the edge part to the center is realized, and then the spiral processing from the center to the edge part is realized, thereby reducing the useless paths of the laser executing assemblies, improving the processing efficiency of each group of laser executing assemblies, simultaneously, the two groups of laser heads can simultaneously process on two planes by adopting the stepped advancing mode of the two groups of laser heads along the vertical direction, and further improving the working efficiency;

in addition, the specific positions of the laser execution assemblies of each group can be monitored in real time through the arrangement of the monitoring unit, so that the two groups of laser execution assemblies can be processed independently, collision is avoided, and abnormal points are repaired in time through the real-time monitoring of the surface condition of the additive manufacturing molten pool, and the processing quality is ensured.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-channel laser additive manufacturing numerical control system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an elevation view of a dual channel laser additive manufacturing numerical control system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a numerical control system table according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the numerical control system table and laser executing assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a numerical control system table and laser execution assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a single set of laser executing assemblies of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the area A of FIG. 4 according to the present invention;

reference numerals in the drawings: 1. a circular platform; 2. an endless track; 3. a longitudinal rail; 4. a radial track; 5. a laser head; 6. a rotating disc; 7. a driving motor; 8. guiding the sliding rail; 9. a feeding slide rail; 10. a blanking slide rail; 11. a load-bearing platform; 12. a first electric slider; 13. a base; 14. the first annular slide rail; 15. the second electric sliding block; 16. a rotating shaft; 17. a drive motor; 18. a third electric slider; 19. the second annular slide rail; 20. a first follower block; 21. a second follower block; 22. a pull rod; 23. a rotation angle monitoring device; 24. a reference point; 25. a camera assembly; 26. and a control unit.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present invention only, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Examples: as shown in fig. 1-7, a two-channel laser additive manufacturing numerical control system includes a workbench, two sets of laser executing components, and a control unit 26; wherein the workbench comprises a circular platform 1 and an annular track 2 positioned at the edge of the circular platform 1, and the annular track 2 is configured to guide the laser executing assembly to rotate around the circular platform 1; each group of laser executing assemblies comprises a longitudinal rail 3 and a radial rail 4 which are mutually perpendicular, and a laser head 5 which is slidably arranged on the radial rail 4, wherein the longitudinal rail 3 is configured to guide the radial rail 4 to move along the vertical direction, and the radial rail 4 is configured to guide the laser head 5 to move along the radial direction of the circular platform 1; the control unit 26 is used for controlling the two groups of laser executing components to be included in a plane, and controlling each laser head 5 to spirally travel from the edge of the circular platform 1 to the center of the circular platform 1 or from the center of the circular platform 1 to the edge of the circular platform 1; in the longitudinal direction, the two laser heads 5 are controlled to take working instructions such as step advancing along the vertical direction;

the workbench is shown by referring to fig. 3-5, and further comprises a rotary disc 6, a feeding sliding rail 9, a discharging sliding rail 10 and a bearing platform 11, wherein the rotary disc 6 is positioned at the top end of the circular platform 1 and is coaxially arranged, the rotary disc 6 is provided with a driving motor 7, the driving motor 7 drives the rotary disc 6 to rotate, and a guiding sliding rail 8 is radially arranged on the rotary disc 6; the feeding slide rail 9 and the discharging slide rail 10 are respectively arranged at two sides of the circular platform 1; the first electric sliding block 12 is arranged at the bottom of the bearing platform 11, and slides onto the rotary disk 6 from the feeding sliding rail 9 or slides onto the discharging sliding rail 10 from the rotary disk 6 through the first electric sliding block 12.

The bearing platform 11 is used as a processing platform and is used for bearing the object after laser additive manufacturing, and the object is moved to a station or moved out of the station along the guide slide rail 8, the feeding slide rail 9 and the discharging slide rail 10 through the first electric slide block 12;

referring to fig. 3, the workbench further includes a base 13 located at the bottom of the circular platform 1 and coaxially disposed, a first annular slide rail 14 is disposed on the base 13, second electric slide blocks 15 are disposed at the bottom ends of the feeding slide rail 9 and the discharging slide rail 10, the second electric slide blocks 15 are slidably mounted in the first annular slide rail 14, a rotating shaft 16 is mounted between the feeding slide rail 9 and the discharging slide rail 10 and the corresponding second electric slide blocks 15, the rotating shaft 16 is configured with a driving motor 17 for driving the rotating shaft 16 to rotate, the feeding slide rail 9 and the discharging slide rail 10 synchronously rotate with the corresponding rotating shaft 16, the driving motor 7 drives the rotating disc 6 to rotate according to the positions of the laser executing components, so that the port of the guiding slide rail 8 is far away from the laser executing components, and simultaneously the feeding slide rail 9 or the discharging slide rail 10 synchronously adjusts to be collinear with the port of the guiding slide rail 8, so that the bearing platform 11 translates onto the rotating disc 6 from the feeding slide rail 9 or translates onto the discharging slide rail 10 from the rotating disc 6.

Referring to fig. 4, the longitudinal rail 3 is connected with the circular rail 2 through a third electric slider 18, and the third electric slider 18 slides along the circular rail 2 to realize rotation around the circular platform 1; the base 13 is also provided with a second annular slide rail 19, the bottom end of the longitudinal rail 3 is provided with a first follower block 20 connected with the second annular slide rail 19, the first follower block 20 supports the longitudinal rail 3, and simultaneously, the first follower block 20 synchronously slides in the second annular slide rail 19 along with the rotary motion of the third electric slide block 18.

Further wherein the radial track 4 is oriented towards the centre of the circular platform 1 and the length of the radial track 4 is at least such that the laser head 5 is movable in line with the centre point of the circular platform 1, so that the movement area of the laser head 5 can cover the whole circular platform 1; referring to fig. 6, a second follower block 21 is mounted on the longitudinal track 3, the second follower block 21 moves up and down synchronously with the radial track 4, and the second follower block 21 is connected with the radial track 4 near the center of the circular platform 1 through a pull rod 22, so that the overall stability of the device is improved.

The numerical control system further comprises a monitoring unit, the monitoring unit comprises a rotation angle monitoring device 23 and a visual monitoring device, the rotation angle monitoring device 23 acquires the rotation angles of the laser execution assemblies of each group relative to preset points in real time, rotation angle data are generated and fed back to the control unit 26, and the visual monitoring device is used for carrying out online monitoring on the surface of the additive manufacturing molten pool and generating image data and feeding back to the control unit 26.

In this embodiment, an angle difference threshold is set in the control unit 26, the control unit 26 controls the two groups of laser executing assemblies to independently complete the preset work on the corresponding working surfaces, that is, to perform the work according to the preset path, and when the difference between the two groups of rotation angle data received by the control unit 26 is smaller than the angle difference threshold, the laser executing assembly of the higher-order working surface stops working until the difference is larger than the laser executing assembly corresponding to the angle difference threshold and restarts.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 7, a rotation angle monitoring device 23 is installed on a third electric slider 18, and a plurality of reference points 24 are provided on the circular platform 1, the rotation angle monitoring device 23 is used for monitoring the included angle between the third electric slider 18 and the adjacent reference points 24, the control unit 26 receives rotation angle data in real time, and determines the position of the third electric slider 18 by taking the corresponding reference point 24 as a coordinate, and the plurality of reference points 24 are arranged, so that on one hand, the whole circumference is differentiated, the calculation is convenient, and on the other hand, the analysis is performed through the two adjacent reference points 24, so that the position accuracy is improved.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, a visual monitoring device is installed on each laser head 5, and each visual monitoring device includes at least two groups of camera assemblies 25, the two groups of camera assemblies 25 are symmetrically disposed at two sides of the spiral travelling direction of the laser head 5, respectively monitor the surface of the additive manufacturing molten pool before and after the working of the laser head 5 in real time, and form image data respectively, and feed back the image data to the control unit 26.

In operation, the carrying platform 11 is moved onto the rotating disc 6 to be at a station, at this time, three-dimensional CAD models of the parts are designed in advance by three-dimensional software, a plurality of slices are formed after processing by slicing software, each slice model is analyzed, paths corresponding to each slice model are formed, wherein by controlling the radial track 4 in one group of laser executing components to move upward, the laser heads 5 in the group of laser executing components are moved onto the first-stage working surface, the radial track 4 in the other group of laser executing components is moved upward, the laser heads 5 moved onto the first-stage working surface are moved onto the second-stage working surface, at this time, the two groups of laser executing components are operated according to paths assigned to each plan, wherein the laser heads 5 of the first-stage working surface are operated first, after rotating to a movement angle, when the included angle of the group of laser executing components relative to the other group of laser executing components is detected to be larger than the threshold value through the rotation angle monitoring device 23, the other group of laser executing components starts to work, so that the two layers of working surfaces pass through to work, when the laser head 5 on the first-stage working completes the work of the whole working surface, the laser head 5 on the first-stage working surface moves upwards to the third-stage working surface in situ and then works according to the path of the third-stage working surface, in the process, the laser head 5 on the second-stage working surface does not stop working under the condition of meeting regulation, wherein when the laser head 5 works, the two groups of camera assemblies 25 perform camera feedback work in real time, when each group of image data are normal, the two groups of laser executing components work according to preset instructions, when the camera assembly 25 on the lower first-stage working surface is positioned behind the advancing direction feeds back abnormality, and/or, when the laser head 5 on the higher-order working surface is positioned in front of the advancing direction and the camera assembly 25 feeds back the abnormality, the laser head 5 on the higher-order working surface advances to the abnormal point and moves down to the lower-order working surface to restore the abnormal point and then resets, the original path work is continued, and the process is repeated to finish the manufacture of the part.

Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing is merely a preferred example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The numerical control system for the dual-channel laser additive manufacturing is characterized by comprising a workbench, two groups of laser execution components and a control unit; wherein:

the stage includes a circular platform and an annular track at an edge of the circular platform, the annular track configured to guide the laser executing assembly to rotate about the circular platform;

each group of laser executing assemblies comprises a longitudinal rail and a radial rail which are mutually perpendicular, and a laser head which is slidably arranged on the radial rail, wherein the longitudinal rail is configured to guide the radial rail to move along the vertical direction, and the radial rail is configured to guide the laser head to move along the radial direction of the circular platform;

the control unit generates at least the following instructions:

in a plane, controlling each laser head to spirally travel from the circular platform edge to the center of the circular platform or from the center of the circular platform to the circular platform edge;

in the longitudinal direction, controlling the two laser heads to advance in a ladder manner along the vertical direction;

the workbench further comprises:

the rotary disc is coaxially arranged at the top end of the circular platform and is provided with a driving motor, the driving motor drives the rotary disc to rotate, and a guiding sliding rail is radially arranged on the rotary disc;

the feeding slide rail and the discharging slide rail are respectively arranged at two sides of the circular platform;

the bearing platform is provided with a first electric sliding block at the bottom, and the first electric sliding block slides onto the rotary disk from the feeding slide rail or slides onto the discharging slide rail from the rotary disk;

the workbench further comprises a base which is positioned at the bottom of the circular platform and is coaxially arranged, a first annular sliding rail is arranged on the base, second electric sliding blocks are arranged at the bottom ends of the feeding sliding rail and the discharging sliding rail, the second electric sliding blocks are slidably arranged in the first annular sliding rail, rotating shafts are arranged between the feeding sliding rail and the discharging sliding rail and the corresponding second electric sliding blocks, the rotating shafts are provided with driving motors for driving the rotating shafts to rotate, and the feeding sliding rail and the discharging sliding rail synchronously rotate along with the corresponding rotating shafts;

the longitudinal rail is connected with the annular rail through a third electric sliding block;

the base is also provided with a second annular sliding rail, the bottom end of the longitudinal rail is provided with a first follower block connected with the second annular sliding rail, and the first follower block supports the longitudinal rail;

the numerical control system further comprises a monitoring unit, the monitoring unit comprises a rotation angle monitoring device and a visual monitoring device, the rotation angle monitoring device acquires the rotation angles of the laser execution assemblies of each group relative to preset points in real time, rotation angle data are generated and fed back to the control unit, and the visual monitoring device is used for carrying out online monitoring on the surface of the additive manufacturing molten pool and generating image data and feeding back to the control unit.

2. The two-channel laser additive manufacturing numerical control system according to claim 1, wherein: the radial track faces the center of the circular platform, and the length of the radial track at least enables the laser head to move to the center point of the circular platform;

the second follower slide block is arranged on the longitudinal track and moves up and down synchronously along with the radial track, and the second follower slide block is connected with the radial track, which is close to the center of the circular platform, through a pull rod.

3. The two-channel laser additive manufacturing numerical control system according to claim 1, wherein: and an angle difference threshold value is arranged in the control unit, wherein the control unit controls the two groups of laser execution assemblies to independently complete preset work on the corresponding working surfaces, and when the difference value between the two groups of rotation angle data received by the control unit is smaller than the angle difference threshold value, the laser execution assembly of the higher-order working surface stops working until the difference value is larger than the angle difference threshold value, and the laser execution assembly corresponding to the angle difference threshold value is restarted.

4. A two-channel laser additive manufacturing numerical control system according to claim 3, wherein: the rotation angle monitoring device is installed on the third electric sliding block, a plurality of reference points are arranged on the circular platform, the rotation angle monitoring device is used for monitoring the included angle between the third electric sliding block and the adjacent reference point, and the control unit receives rotation angle data in real time and determines the position of the third electric sliding block by taking the corresponding reference point as a coordinate.

5. The two-channel laser additive manufacturing numerical control system according to claim 1, wherein: each laser head is provided with a visual monitoring device, each visual monitoring device comprises at least two groups of camera shooting assemblies, the two groups of camera shooting assemblies are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the spiral advancing direction of the laser head, the surfaces of the additive manufacturing molten pool before and after the laser head works are monitored in real time respectively, and image data are formed respectively and fed back to the control unit.

6. The two-channel laser additive manufacturing numerical control system according to claim 5, wherein: the control unit receives and processes the image data fed back by each group of camera shooting components and then generates the following instructions:

when each group of image data is normal, the two groups of laser executing components work according to a preset instruction;

when the laser head on the lower first-order working surface is positioned at the rear of the travelling direction and the imaging assembly feeds back the abnormality, and/or when the laser head on the higher first-order working surface is positioned at the front of the travelling direction and feeds back the abnormality, the laser head on the higher first-order working surface travels to the abnormality point and moves down to the lower first-order working surface to repair the abnormality point and then resets.