CN116420726B - 一种防治芋田斜纹夜蛾的含噻虫酰胺的杀虫组合物 - Google Patents
一种防治芋田斜纹夜蛾的含噻虫酰胺的杀虫组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
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Abstract
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体涉及一种防治芋田斜纹夜蛾的含噻虫酰胺的杀虫组合物。一种防治芋田斜纹夜蛾的含噻虫酰胺的杀虫组合物，其有效成分由氟雷拉纳与噻虫酰胺复配而成。本发明的氟雷拉纳与四唑虫酰胺、甲氧虫酰肼、噻虫酰胺或乙酰虫腈复配时，在一定质量比范围内共毒系数大于120，表现出增效作用。说明本发明的复配配方可以提高对斜纹夜蛾的防治效果，有利于减少农药的施用剂量，从而大大地延缓病虫害药性的产生速度；同时还可以减少农药残留和环境污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域，具体涉及一种防治芋田斜纹夜蛾的含噻虫酰胺的杀虫组合物。
背景技术
芋属天南星科芋属，为多年生草本植物，其球茎富含淀粉、维生素和氨基酸等多种营养成分，是世界各地广为栽培的蔬菜和粮食作物。目前广西已成为全国芋头的主要产区之一。
斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura Fabricius)是危害芋正常生长的主要病虫害之一。斜纹夜蛾其属鳞翅目夜蛾科，是一种世界性农业害虫，具有分布地域广、寄主种类多和经济危害重等特点。该害虫以初孵幼虫群集为害，2龄后逐渐分散取食叶肉，4龄后进入暴食期，5-6龄幼虫占总食量的90％左右，严重影响农作物的产量和品质。现在斜纹夜蛾的防治仍以化学防治为主，但长时间、单一且不合理的用药，导致其对多种传统杀虫剂均产生了不同程度的抗药性，尤其是对拟除虫菊酯类、有机磷类和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂已达到较高水平抗性，导致现有很多传统杀虫剂对芋田斜纹夜蛾的防治效果并不理想。
氟雷拉纳(fluralaner)是一种作用于γ-氨基丁酸受体的异噁唑啉类光谱性杀虫剂，对蜱目、半翅目、双翅目和鳞翅目等昆虫具有很好的活性。“氟雷拉纳与4种杀虫剂对斜纹夜蛾的室内毒力及其联合作用”(刘迪等，中国农学通报，2020，36(9)：113-116)公开了氟雷拉纳与毒死蜱、茚虫威、溴氰菊酯和甲维盐复配后的联合作用，为研究氟雷拉纳的增效混剂研发提供了科学依据。
将不同农药的有效成分复配，是目前开发和研制新农药以及防治农业上抗性病虫害的一种有效和快捷的方式。复配后的农药通常表现出三种作用类型：相加作用、增效作用和拮抗作用。其中具有增效作用的配方，可以提高对病虫害的防治效果，有利于减少农药的施用剂量，从而大大地延缓病虫害药性的产生速度，是综合防治病害的重要手段，也是解决当前农药单用时抗性和成本问题的一种有效方式。
目前，还尚未见有氟雷拉纳与四唑虫酰胺、甲氧虫酰肼、噻虫酰胺或乙酰虫腈复配的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防治芋田斜纹夜蛾的含噻虫酰胺的杀虫组合物，以解决长期使用单一化学药剂存在的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种防治芋田斜纹夜蛾的含噻虫酰胺的杀虫组合物，其有效成分由氟雷拉纳与四唑虫酰胺、甲氧虫酰肼、噻虫酰胺或乙酰虫腈复配而成。
作为优选，所述氟雷拉纳与四唑虫酰胺的质量比为1-80：10-1。
作为优选，所述氟雷拉纳与甲氧虫酰肼的质量比为1-40：15-1。
作为优选，所述氟雷拉纳与噻虫酰胺的质量比为1-60：20-1。
作为优选，所述氟雷拉纳与乙酰虫腈的质量比为1-50：9-1。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明的氟雷拉纳与四唑虫酰胺、甲氧虫酰肼、噻虫酰胺或乙酰虫腈复配时，在一定质量比范围内共毒系数大于120，表现出增效作用。说明本发明的复配配方可以提高对斜纹夜蛾的防治效果，有利于减少农药的施用剂量，从而大大地延缓病虫害药性的产生速度；同时还可以减少农药残留和环境污染。
具体实施方式
下面结合对本发明专利的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域所属的技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例：氟雷拉纳复配时的室内活性试验
1.供试药剂：98％氟雷拉纳原药、90％四唑虫酰胺原药、97.6％甲氧虫酰肼原药、90％噻虫酰胺原药、95％乙酰虫腈原药，以上药剂均来自广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所实验室。
2.试验对象：采自广西荔浦市芋头种植区内的斜纹夜蛾，在实验室内用新鲜的芋头叶片连续饲养多代，饲养条件：温度为25±1℃、湿度为60-80％、光周期为L：D＝(16：8)h，挑选大小一致、健康的3龄幼虫作为试验对象。
3.试验方法(参考《NT/T 1154.14-2008农药室内生物测定试验准则杀虫剂第14部分：浸叶法》)
将供试药剂先用二甲基亚砜溶解，再用0.1％吐温-80水溶液稀释配制成单剂母液，设置多组配比，各单剂母液和每组配比混剂按等比的方法配置6个质量浓度梯度。
用圆形打孔器将新鲜的芋头叶片打成直径为3cm的叶碟，浸于待测药剂溶液中，10s后取出自然晾干置于含有保湿滤纸的培养皿中，每皿放2个相同处理的叶碟，另设0.1％吐温-80水溶液的处理作空白对照；每皿接入1头饥饿8h的试虫，10头为一组，重复5次，在实验室内继续饲养。
48h后检查试虫死亡情况，分别记录总虫数和死虫数，计算各处理的校正死亡率，以药剂浓度对数值为x，对应的校正死亡率几率值为y进行线性回归分析，计算各处理药剂的EC50，并根据孙云沛法计算混剂的共毒系数(CTC值)。
上式中：P--死亡率，单位为％；K--死亡虫数，单位为头；N--处理总虫数，单位为头。
上式中：P1--校正死亡率，单位为％；Pt--处理死亡率，单位为％；P0--空白对照死亡率，单位为％。
上式中：ATI--混剂实测的毒力指数；S--标准药剂的EC50，单位为mg/L；M--供试药剂的EC50，单位为mg/L。
TTI＝TIA×PA+TIB×PB
上式中：TTI--混剂的理论毒理指数；TIA--A药剂的毒力指数；PA--A药剂在混剂中百分含量，单位为百分率(％)；TIB--B药剂的毒力指数；PB--B药剂在混剂中百分含量，单位为百分率(％)。
上式中：CTC--共毒系数；ATI--混剂实测毒力指数；TTI--混剂理论毒力指数。
根据共毒系数(CTC)评价药剂混用的增效作用，即CTC≤80为拮抗作用，80＜CTC＜120为相加作用，CTC≥120为增效作用。实验结果见表1-4。
表1氟雷拉纳和四唑虫酰胺复配对斜纹夜蛾的室内生物活性测定结果
| 药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 氟雷拉纳 | 1.43 | 100.00 | -- | -- |
| 四唑虫酰胺 | 0.69 | 207.25 | -- | -- |
| 氟雷拉纳1：四唑虫酰胺10 | 0.35 | 408.57 | 197.50 | 206.88 |
| 氟雷拉纳1：四唑虫酰胺5 | 0.46 | 310.87 | 189.37 | 164.16 |
| 氟雷拉纳1：四唑虫酰胺1 | 0.24 | 595.83 | 153.62 | 387.85 |
| 氟雷拉纳5：四唑虫酰胺1 | 0.63 | 226.98 | 117.87 | 192.56 |
| 氟雷拉纳10：四唑虫酰胺1 | 0.90 | 158.89 | 109.75 | 144.77 |
| 氟雷拉纳20：四唑虫酰胺1 | 0.33 | 433.33 | 105.11 | 412.28 |
| 氟雷拉纳40：四唑虫酰胺1 | 0.47 | 304.26 | 102.62 | 296.50 |
| 氟雷拉纳80：四唑虫酰胺1 | 0.76 | 188.16 | 101.32 | 185.70 |
从表1可以看出，氟雷拉纳和四唑虫酰胺在质量比1-80：10-1的范围内进行复配时，共毒系数介于144.77-296.50之间，共毒系数大于120，为增效作用。说明氟雷拉纳和四唑虫酰胺以一定质量比复配时，可以提高对斜纹夜蛾的防治效果。
表2氟雷拉纳和甲氧虫酰肼复配对斜纹夜蛾的室内生物活性测定结果
| 药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 氟雷拉纳 | 1.43 | 100.00 | -- | -- |
| 甲氧虫酰肼 | 4.58 | 31.22 | -- | -- |
| 氟雷拉纳1：甲氧虫酰肼15 | 3.28 | 43.60 | 35.52 | 122.74 |
| 氟雷拉纳1：甲氧虫酰肼10 | 2.43 | 58.85 | 37.48 | 157.03 |
| 氟雷拉纳1：甲氧虫酰肼5 | 1.16 | 123.28 | 42.69 | 288.80 |
| 氟雷拉纳1：甲氧虫酰肼1 | 1.51 | 94.70 | 65.61 | 144.34 |
| 氟雷拉纳5：甲氧虫酰肼1 | 0.78 | 183.33 | 88.54 | 207.07 |
| 氟雷拉纳10：甲氧虫酰肼1 | 0.29 | 493.10 | 93.75 | 525.99 |
| 氟雷拉纳20：甲氧虫酰肼1 | 1.02 | 140.20 | 96.72 | 144.94 |
| 氟雷拉纳40：甲氧虫酰肼1 | 0.71 | 201.41 | 98.32 | 204.84 |
从表2可以看出，氟雷拉纳和甲氧虫酰肼在质量比1-40：15-1的范围内进行复配时，共毒系数介于122.74-525.99之间，共毒系数大于120，为增效作用；尤其在质量比为10：1时，共毒系数达到了525.99，增效作用尤其明显。说明氟雷拉纳和甲氧虫酰肼以一定质量比复配时，可以提高对斜纹夜蛾的防治效果。
表3氟雷拉纳和噻虫酰胺复配对斜纹夜蛾的室内生物活性测定结果
从表3可以看出，氟雷拉纳和甲氧虫酰肼在质量比1-60：20-1的范围内进行复配时，共毒系数介于122.93-461.56之间，共毒系数大于120，为增效作用。说明氟雷拉纳和甲氧虫酰肼以一定质量比复配时，可以提高对斜纹夜蛾的防治效果。
表4氟雷拉纳和乙酰虫腈复配对斜纹夜蛾的室内生物活性测定结果
| 药剂名称及配比 | EC50(mg/L) | ATI | TTI | CTC |
| 氟雷拉纳 | 1.43 | 100.00 | -- | -- |
| 乙酰虫腈 | 14.82 | 9.65 | -- | -- |
| 氟雷拉纳1：乙酰虫腈9 | 0.85 | 168.24 | 18.68 | 900.41 |
| 氟雷拉纳1：乙酰虫腈5 | 2.77 | 51.62 | 24.71 | 208.94 |
| 氟雷拉纳1：乙酰虫腈1 | 0.81 | 176.54 | 54.82 | 322.01 |
| 氟雷拉纳5：乙酰虫腈1 | 0.62 | 230.65 | 84.94 | 271.53 |
| 氟雷拉纳10：乙酰虫腈1 | 0.96 | 148.96 | 91.79 | 162.29 |
| 氟雷拉纳20：乙酰虫腈1 | 0.44 | 325.00 | 95.70 | 339.61 |
| 氟雷拉纳40：乙酰虫腈1 | 0.36 | 397.22 | 97.80 | 406.17 |
| 氟雷拉纳50：乙酰虫腈1 | 0.21 | 680.95 | 98.23 | 693.23 |
从表4可以看出，氟雷拉纳和甲氧虫酰肼在质量比1-50：9-1的范围内进行复配时，共毒系数介于162.29-900.41之间，共毒系数大于120，为增效作用；尤其是质量比为1：9时，共毒系数达到了900.41，增效作用尤其明显。说明氟雷拉纳和甲氧虫酰肼以一定质量比复配时，可以提高对斜纹夜蛾的防治效果。
综上所述，本发明的氟雷拉纳与四唑虫酰胺、甲氧虫酰肼、噻虫酰胺或乙酰虫腈复配时，在一定质量比范围内共毒系数大于120，表现出增效作用。说明本发明的复配配方可以提高对斜纹夜蛾的防治效果，有利于减少农药的施用剂量，从而大大地延缓病虫害药性的产生速度；同时还可以减少农药残留和环境污染。
Claims (1)
1.一种防治芋田斜纹夜蛾的含噻虫酰胺的杀虫组合物，其特征在于，其有效成分由氟雷拉纳与噻虫酰胺复配而成，所述氟雷拉纳与噻虫酰胺的质量比为1-60：20-1。
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