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CN116411927B - Drilling risk identification method and device - Google Patents

Drilling risk identification method and device

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Publication number
CN116411927B
CN116411927B CN202111671772.4A CN202111671772A CN116411927B CN 116411927 B CN116411927 B CN 116411927B CN 202111671772 A CN202111671772 A CN 202111671772A CN 116411927 B CN116411927 B CN 116411927B
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curve
drilling
return rate
theoretical
friction
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CN116411927A (en
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王建龙
于琛
郑锋
陈新勇
刘轩
柳鹤
卢宝斌
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B44/00Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
    • E21B44/02Automatic control of the tool feed
    • E21B44/04Automatic control of the tool feed in response to the torque of the drive ; Measuring drilling torque
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/02Agriculture; Fishing; Forestry; Mining

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种钻井风险识别方法和装置。所述方法包括,根据井区内已钻井的钻井数据,确定安全摩阻系数和安全岩屑返出率;根据安全摩阻系数和安全岩屑返出率,确定正钻井待预测井段的理论摩阻曲线、扭矩曲线和岩屑返出率曲线;确定待预测井段的实钻摩阻曲线与理论摩阻曲线的摩阻比值曲线,实钻扭矩曲线与理论扭矩曲线的扭矩比值曲线,实钻岩屑返出率曲线与理论岩屑返出率的岩屑返出率比值曲线;根据预先确定的摩阻比值、扭矩比值和岩屑返出率比值与钻井风险等级的对应关系及摩阻比值曲线、扭矩比值曲线和岩屑返出率比值曲线,确定待预测井段的钻井风险等级。能够综合分析摩阻、扭矩和岩屑返出率,合理、实时、且定量化的识别正钻井的钻井风险。

The present invention discloses a drilling risk identification method and device. The method includes determining a safe friction coefficient and a safe cuttings return rate based on drilling data of wells drilled in a well area; determining a theoretical friction curve, a torque curve, and a cuttings return rate curve for a well section being drilled to be predicted based on the safe friction coefficient and the safe cuttings return rate; determining a friction ratio curve between the actual drilling friction curve and the theoretical friction curve, a torque ratio curve between the actual drilling torque curve and the theoretical torque curve, and a cuttings return rate ratio curve between the actual drilling cuttings return rate curve and the theoretical cuttings return rate for the well section being predicted; and determining the drilling risk level of the well section being predicted based on the correspondence between the predetermined friction ratio, torque ratio, and cuttings return rate ratio and the drilling risk level, and the friction ratio curve, torque ratio curve, and cuttings return rate ratio curve. The method can comprehensively analyze friction, torque, and cuttings return rate to rationally, in real time, and quantitatively identify drilling risks for the well being drilled.

Description

Drilling risk identification method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling, in particular to a drilling risk identification method and device.
Background
The problems of difficulty in cleaning the well bore easily occur when the well inclination angle exceeds 40-60 degrees, so that the problems of abnormal increase of additional tension, directional pressure supporting, increase of annular pressure consumption and the like occur in the subsequent operation process, and the load of ground equipment and underground risks are increased. However, in the actual drilling process, how to judge the drilling risk in real time becomes the premise of safe and efficient drilling, and effective measures can be taken only by timely identifying the risk, so that the accident is prevented from being complicated.
The scholars at home and abroad form methods based on the returned rock debris quantity, equivalent drilling fluid density change, additional tension change and the like through research, and the methods are used for judging drilling risks.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventor finds that the real-time drilling risk judging method in the prior art is relatively single in each method and does not form a unified standard, and field technicians can judge the risk only through own experience. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a drilling risk identification method, and make a judgment standard, support technicians to quantitatively identify risks according to data, and provide powerful basis for timely taking measures.
In order to at least partially solve the technical problems in the prior art, the inventor makes the invention, and through a specific implementation manner, the invention provides a drilling risk identification method and device, which can effectively identify underground risks in the drilling process and provide theoretical basis for safe and efficient drilling of deep wells and complex wells.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a drilling risk identification method, including:
determining a safe friction coefficient and a safe rock debris return rate according to drilling data of the drilled well in the well region;
determining a theoretical friction resistance curve, a theoretical torque curve and a theoretical cuttings return rate curve of a well section to be predicted of the well drilling according to the safe friction resistance coefficient and the safe cuttings return rate;
Determining a friction ratio curve of the actual drilling friction curve and the theoretical friction curve of the well section to be predicted, a torque ratio curve of the actual drilling torque curve and the theoretical torque curve, and a rock chip return rate ratio curve of the actual drilling rock chip return rate curve and the theoretical rock chip return rate;
And determining the drilling risk level of the well section to be predicted according to the corresponding relation between the predetermined friction resistance ratio, torque ratio and rock debris return rate ratio and the drilling risk level, and the friction resistance ratio curve, torque ratio curve and rock debris return rate ratio curve.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a drilling risk identification device, including:
The safety parameter determining module is used for determining a safety friction coefficient and a safety rock debris return rate according to drilling data of the well in the well region;
The theoretical parameter determining module is used for determining a theoretical friction resistance curve, a theoretical torque curve and a theoretical cuttings return rate curve of a well section to be predicted of the well drilling according to the safe friction resistance coefficient and the safe cuttings return rate;
The real drilling parameter and theoretical parameter ratio determining module is used for determining a friction resistance ratio curve of a real drilling friction resistance curve and a theoretical friction resistance curve of the well section to be predicted, a torque ratio curve of a real drilling torque curve and the theoretical torque curve, and a rock chip return rate ratio curve of a real drilling rock chip return rate curve and the theoretical rock chip return rate;
And the drilling risk level identification module is used for determining the drilling risk level of the well section to be predicted according to the corresponding relation between the predetermined friction resistance ratio, torque ratio and rock debris return rate ratio and the drilling risk level and the friction resistance ratio curve, torque ratio curve and rock debris return rate ratio curve.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer program product with a drilling risk identification function, including a computer program/instruction, where the computer program/instruction implements the drilling risk identification method described above when executed by a processor.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the disclosure provides a server including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the drilling risk identification method described above when executing the program.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
According to the drilling risk identification method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the safe friction coefficient and the safe cuttings return rate are determined according to the drilling data of the drilled well in the well region, so that theoretical friction, torque and cuttings return rate curves of the well region to be predicted are calculated, in the real drilling process of the drilled well, the friction, torque and cuttings return rate curves of the well Duan Shi to be predicted are obtained in real time, and the friction, torque and cuttings return rate ratio curves are determined in real time, so that real-time and quantitative prediction of drilling risk can be realized according to the corresponding relation between each ratio and the drilling risk level which are determined originally, and three influencing factors of friction, torque and cuttings return rate are analyzed at the same time, so that the prediction result is more reasonable, support is provided for timely identifying the risk and taking effective measures, theoretical basis is provided for safe and efficient drilling of the deep well and the complex well, and the occurrence of underground engineering accidents in the drilling process is reduced.
(2) The predicted data basis is the actual drilling friction, torque and cuttings return rate curve of the well section to be predicted of the drilled well and the drilling well, so the drilling risk identification method provided by the embodiment of the invention is based on the ground parameters to predict the drilling risk while drilling, is easy to execute, has wide application range and high prediction instantaneity.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a drilling risk identification method according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for determining the return rate of safety cuttings in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a drilling risk identification method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the distribution data of theoretical friction, torque and debris return rate in the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the distribution data of the friction resistance, torque and the return rate of rock fragments of the solid drill in the second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the friction ratio, torque ratio and debris return rate in the second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling risk identification device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In addition, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the ranges is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
In order to solve the problem that drilling risks cannot be reasonably and quantitatively identified in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a drilling risk identification method and device, which can comprehensively analyze friction resistance, torque and rock debris return rate, and reasonably, real-time and quantitatively predict drilling risks of drilling.
Example 1
The first embodiment of the invention provides a drilling risk identification method, the flow of which is shown in fig. 1, comprising the following steps:
and S11, determining a safe friction coefficient and a safe cuttings return rate according to the drilling data of the well drilled in the well region.
The well data may be all well data in the well region, may also include well data of the well segment being drilled, and may alternatively be well data including only well data adjacent to the well being drilled, may also include well data of the well segment being drilled.
Determining a safety well section according to well drilling data of well drilling, namely, a well section without complex underground accidents in the well drilling process, converting a real drilling friction resistance curve of the safety well section into a friction resistance coefficient curve, and determining the friction resistance coefficient average value of the friction resistance coefficient curve as a safety friction resistance coefficient.
And according to the real drilling friction resistance data of the safety well section, calculating the friction resistance coefficient reversely, and directly taking the friction resistance coefficient as the friction resistance coefficient in the safety state of the well section to be predicted. The friction coefficient is a dimensionless parameter.
The curve in this embodiment is abbreviated as one-dimensional data including a plurality of depth values and corresponding attribute values.
For unifying dimensions, the sampling point intervals of the various types of curves are generally set to be the same, and specifically, the sampling point intervals of the curves may be set according to the lengths of the drill columns. In the prior art, the length of the drilling tool column is usually 30 meters, so the sampling point interval of various types of curves is set to be 30 meters.
Referring to fig. 2, the determination of the safe debris return rate may include the steps of:
And S21, determining a safety well section according to the drilling data of the drilled well in the well region, and determining a rock debris return rate curve according to the real drilling debris return data of the safety well section.
According to the well track length of each real drilling section in the real drilling anti-cuttings data of the safety well section, determining the theoretical rock cuttings return volume through the following formula (1):
in the formula (1), Q p is the theoretical rock debris return volume, the unit m 3, d is the well diameter of the drilled well, the unit m, H is the well track length of the real drilling section, the unit m, and a is the well hole expansion influence coefficient, and the dimension is not given.
The value of the borehole expansion influence coefficient can be 1.04-1.08. Preferably, the value of the wellbore expansion influence coefficient is 1.05.
And determining the ratio of the actual drilling cuttings return volume of each actual drilling section to the theoretical cuttings return volume in the actual drilling cuttings return data as the cuttings return rate of the actual drilling section, and forming a cuttings return rate curve by the cuttings return rate of each actual drilling section.
Specifically, the rock debris return rateQ a is the volume of the rock debris returned by the real drill obtained by collecting the rock debris quantity returned from the ground in real time in the real drill process and metering, the unit m 3;Qp is the theoretical rock debris return volume, the unit m 3, and the rock debris return rate eta t is dimensionless.
And S22, determining a rock debris return rate average value of the rock debris return rate curve as a safe rock debris return rate.
And step S12, determining a theoretical friction resistance curve, a theoretical torque curve and a theoretical cuttings return rate curve of the well section to be predicted in the well drilling process according to the safe friction resistance coefficient and the safe cuttings return rate.
Further, according to the safe friction coefficient, a theoretical friction curve and a theoretical torque curve of the well section to be predicted in the well drilling process are determined, and according to the safe rock debris return rate, a theoretical rock debris return rate curve of the well section to be predicted in the well drilling process is determined.
The safe cuttings return rate can be directly determined as the theoretical cuttings return rate of the well section to be predicted, and a theoretical cuttings return rate curve is obtained. The method comprises the steps of determining the depth of each sampling point of a well section to be predicted in drilling according to a set sampling interval, determining the safe rock debris return rate as the theoretical rock debris return rate at the depth of each sampling point, and obtaining a theoretical rock debris return rate curve.
And S13, determining a friction ratio curve of a real drilling friction curve and a theoretical friction curve of the well section to be predicted, a torque ratio curve of a real drilling torque curve and a theoretical torque curve, and a rock debris return rate ratio curve of a real drilling rock debris return rate curve and a theoretical rock debris return rate.
The real drilling friction resistance curve of the well section to be predicted is obtained by the following method:
According to the lifting hook load F 1 and the lowering hook load F 2 of the real drilling section in the real drilling process, the real drilling friction resistance F a is determined according to the following formula (2):
Fa=(F1-F2)/2 (2);
the real drill friction resistance of each real drill section forms a real drill friction resistance curve.
And S14, determining the drilling risk level of the well section to be predicted according to the corresponding relation between the friction resistance value, the torque ratio and the rock debris return rate and the drilling risk level, as well as the friction resistance value curve, the torque ratio curve and the rock debris return rate.
The predetermined correspondence between the friction ratio, the torque ratio, the rock debris return rate ratio and the drilling risk level may be:
Friction ratio value Torque ratio valueAnd the ratio of the rock debris return rateIf the following formula (3) is satisfied, the drilling risk level is low risk, if the following formula (4) is satisfied, the drilling risk level is medium risk, and if the following formula (5) is satisfied, the drilling risk level is high risk:
According to the drilling risk identification method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the safe friction coefficient and the safe cuttings return rate are determined according to the drilling data of the drilled well in the well region, so that theoretical friction, torque and cuttings return rate curves of the well region to be predicted are calculated, in the real drilling process of the drilled well, the friction, torque and cuttings return rate curves of the well Duan Shi to be predicted are obtained in real time, and the friction, torque and cuttings return rate ratio curves are determined in real time, so that real-time and quantitative prediction of drilling risk can be realized according to the corresponding relation between the ratios originally determined and drilling risk levels, and three influencing factors of friction, torque and cuttings return rate are analyzed, so that prediction results are more reasonable, support is provided for timely identifying the risk and taking effective measures, theoretical basis is provided for safe and efficient drilling of the deep well and the complex well, and the occurrence of underground engineering accidents in the drilling process is reduced.
The predicted data basis is the actual drilling friction, torque and cuttings return rate curve of the well section to be predicted of the drilled well and the drilling well, so the drilling risk identification method provided by the embodiment of the invention is based on the ground parameters to predict the drilling risk while drilling, is easy to execute, has a wide application range and is high in prediction instantaneity.
In some embodiments, updating the corresponding relationship of the friction ratio, the torque ratio, and the cuttings return rate ratio to the drilling risk level according to the new drilled friction ratio curve, the torque ratio curve, and the cuttings return rate ratio curve, and the complex downhole accident data may also be included. So that the corresponding relation is continuously close to the actual geological condition in the well region.
Furthermore, the safe friction coefficient and the safe cuttings return rate can be updated according to the new friction coefficient curve and the cuttings return rate curve of the drilled well and by combining the new complex logging data of the underground accident of the drilled well.
Example two
The second embodiment of the invention provides a specific application of a drilling risk identification method, and the flow is shown in fig. 3, and the method comprises the following steps:
and S31, determining the safe friction coefficient of the well section to be predicted.
According to the real drilling friction data of the safety well section (2500-6330 m) of the adjacent well A well of the well being drilled, the average value of friction coefficient mu 1 is calculated reversely to be (0.15 in the casing and 0.20 outside the casing) and used as the safety friction coefficient mu t in the safety state of the well section to be predicted, namely mu t=μ1 =0.15 in the casing and 0.20 outside the casing.
And S32, determining the safe rock debris return rate of the well section to be predicted.
According to the actual drilling cuttings returning condition of the adjacent well A well safety well section (2500-6330 m) of the well being drilled, reversely calculating the cuttings returning rate of the well section to be predicted in the safety stateIn the actual drilling process, the returned rock debris Q a=794.6m3 of the 2500-6330m well section of the A well is calculated theoreticallyEqual to 588.6m 3
The safe friction coefficient and the safe rock debris return rate of the well section to be predicted are determined, and the safe friction coefficient and the safe rock debris return rate of the whole well section are also determined.
And S33, determining theoretical friction, torque and rock debris return rate of the well section to be predicted, and drawing a graph.
And calculating the theoretical friction F p and torque T p data of the well section to be predicted according to the safety friction coefficient mu t, and taking the value of the safe rock debris return rate eta t as the theoretical rock debris return rate eta p of the well section to be predicted.
And drawing a change curve of theoretical friction F p, torque T p and rock debris return rate eta p along with the well depth in the same coordinate axis, wherein the abscissa is the friction, torque and rock debris return rate, and the ordinate is the well depth. Referring to fig. 4, the distribution data of the theoretical friction, the theoretical torque and the theoretical detritus return rate are shown, wherein ① is the distribution data of the theoretical detritus return rate, ② is the distribution data of the theoretical torque, and ③ is the distribution data of the theoretical friction.
And step S34, determining drilling friction, torque and rock debris return rate of the well Duan Shi to be predicted, and drawing a curve.
And collecting the lifting hook load F 1 and the descending hook load F 2 in the real drilling process by taking 30 meters as unit length, and calculating the real-time friction F a=(F1-F2)/2. And collecting the torque T a of the drilling tool when the drilling tool is lifted off the bottom of the well in the real drilling process by taking 30 meters as a unit length. And collecting the returned rock debris volume Q in real time by taking 30 meters as a unit length, and calculating the rock debris return rate eta a =Q/30 of the well Duan Shi to be predicted.
Referring to fig. 5, the distribution data of the actual drilling friction, the theoretical torque and the theoretical rock chip return rate are shown, wherein ① is the distribution data of the actual drilling rock chip return rate, ② is the distribution data of the actual drilling torque, and ③ is the distribution data of the actual drilling friction.
And step 35, drawing a ratio curve of the actual drilling friction resistance to the theoretical friction resistance, the actual drilling torque to the theoretical torque, and the actual drilling rock debris return rate to the theoretical rock debris return rate.
Referring to fig. 6, the ratio curves of the actual drilling friction resistance and the theoretical friction resistance, the actual drilling torque and the theoretical torque, and the actual drilling rock debris return rate and the theoretical rock debris return rate are shown. Specifically, the real drill is the prediction in fig. 6.
And S36, determining the drilling risk level of the well section to be predicted according to the corresponding relation between the actual drilling friction and the theoretical friction, the actual drilling torque and the theoretical torque, the actual drilling rock debris return rate and the theoretical rock debris return rate ratio curve and the predetermined friction ratio, torque ratio, rock debris return rate and drilling risk level.
From the actual drilling friction and theoretical friction, actual drilling torque and theoretical torque, actual drilling cuttings return rate and theoretical cuttings return rate ratio curves in fig. 6, it was determined that 6000-6600m and 6700-7300m of the well section to be predicted were both in low risk and medium risk well sections, and 6600-6700m were in high risk well sections.
Based on the inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention further provides a drilling risk identification device, the structure of which is shown in fig. 7, including:
A safety parameter determination module 71 for determining a safety friction coefficient and a safety debris return rate according to drilling data of a well drilled in the well region;
A theoretical parameter determining module 72, configured to determine a theoretical friction drag curve, a theoretical torque curve and a theoretical cuttings return rate curve of a section to be predicted in the well being drilled according to the safe friction drag coefficient and the safe cuttings return rate;
The real drilling parameter and theoretical parameter ratio determining module 73 is configured to determine a friction ratio curve of a real drilling friction curve and a theoretical friction curve of the well section to be predicted, a torque ratio curve of a real drilling torque curve and the theoretical torque curve, and a rock debris return rate ratio curve of a real drilling rock debris return rate curve and the theoretical rock debris return rate;
The drilling risk level identification module 74 is configured to determine a drilling risk level of the well section to be predicted according to a predetermined corresponding relationship between a friction resistance value, a torque value, and a cuttings return rate value and a drilling risk level, and the friction resistance value curve, the torque value curve, and the cuttings return rate value curve.
The specific manner in which the various modules perform the operations in the apparatus of the above embodiments have been described in detail in connection with the embodiments of the method, and will not be described in detail herein.
Based on the inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer program product with the drilling risk identification function, which comprises a computer program/instruction, wherein the computer program/instruction realizes the drilling risk identification method when being executed by a processor.
Based on the inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a server, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the drilling risk identification method when executing the program.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, terms such as processing, computing, calculating, determining, displaying, or the like, may refer to an action and/or process of one or more processing or computing systems, or similar devices, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the processing system's registers or memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the processing system's memories, registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices. Information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes disclosed are examples of exemplary approaches. Based on design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes may be rearranged without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
In the foregoing detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, invention lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus the following claims are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of this invention.
Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure.
The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. The processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal.
For a software implementation, the techniques described in this disclosure may be implemented with modules (e.g., procedures, functions, and so on) that perform the functions described herein. These software codes may be stored in memory units and executed by processors. The memory unit may be implemented within the processor or external to the processor, in which case it can be communicatively coupled to the processor via various means as is known in the art.
The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the aforementioned embodiments, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of various embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, as used in the specification or claims, the term "comprising" is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising," as interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or".

Claims (14)

1.一种钻井风险识别方法,其特征在于,包括:1. A drilling risk identification method, comprising: 根据井区内已钻井的钻井数据,确定安全摩阻系数和安全岩屑返出率;Determine the safe friction coefficient and safe cuttings return rate based on the drilling data of wells drilled in the well area; 根据所述安全摩阻系数,确定正钻井待预测井段的理论摩阻曲线和理论扭矩曲线;将安全岩屑返出率确定为正钻井待预测井段的理论岩屑返出率,得到理论岩屑返出率曲线;Determine the theoretical friction curve and theoretical torque curve of the well section being drilled to be predicted based on the safety friction coefficient; determine the safe cuttings return rate as the theoretical cuttings return rate of the well section being drilled to be predicted, and obtain a theoretical cuttings return rate curve; 确定所述待预测井段的实钻摩阻曲线与所述理论摩阻曲线的摩阻比值曲线,实钻扭矩曲线与所述理论扭矩曲线的扭矩比值曲线,实钻岩屑返出率曲线与所述理论岩屑返出率的岩屑返出率比值曲线;Determine a friction ratio curve between an actual drilling friction resistance curve and the theoretical friction resistance curve, a torque ratio curve between an actual drilling torque curve and the theoretical torque curve, and a cuttings return rate ratio curve between an actual drilling cuttings return rate curve and the theoretical cuttings return rate of the well section to be predicted; 根据预先确定的摩阻比值、扭矩比值和岩屑返出率比值与钻井风险等级的对应关系及所述摩阻比值曲线、扭矩比值曲线和岩屑返出率比值曲线,确定所述待预测井段的钻井风险等级。The drilling risk level of the well section to be predicted is determined based on the predetermined correspondence between the friction ratio, torque ratio and cuttings return rate ratio and the drilling risk level and the friction ratio curve, torque ratio curve and cuttings return rate ratio curve. 2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据井区内已钻井的钻井数据,确定安全摩阻系数,具体包括:2. The method according to claim 1, wherein determining the safety friction coefficient based on drilling data of wells drilled in the well area specifically comprises: 根据井区内已钻井的钻井数据确定安全井段,将所述安全井段的实钻摩阻曲线转换为摩阻系数曲线;Determine a safe well section based on drilling data of wells drilled in the well area, and convert the actual drilling friction curve of the safe well section into a friction coefficient curve; 确定所述摩阻系数曲线的摩阻系数平均值,作为安全摩阻系数。An average value of the friction coefficient of the friction coefficient curve is determined as a safe friction coefficient. 3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,根据井区内已钻井的钻井数据,确定安全岩屑返出率,具体包括:3. The method according to claim 1, wherein determining the safe cuttings return rate based on drilling data of wells drilled in the well area specifically comprises: 根据井区内已钻井的钻井数据确定安全井段,根据所述安全井段的实钻返屑数据确定岩屑返出率曲线;Determine a safe well section based on drilling data of wells drilled in the well area, and determine a cuttings return rate curve based on actual drilling cuttings data of the safe well section; 确定所述岩屑返出率曲线的岩屑返出率平均值,作为安全岩屑返出率。The average value of the rock cuttings return rate of the rock cuttings return rate curve is determined as the safe rock cuttings return rate. 4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述安全井段的实钻返屑数据确定岩屑返出率曲线,具体包括:4. The method according to claim 3, wherein determining the cuttings return rate curve based on the actual drilling cuttings data of the safety well section specifically comprises: 根据所述安全井段的实钻反屑数据中各实钻段的井轨迹长度,通过下述公式(1)确定理论岩屑返出体积:According to the well trajectory length of each actual drilling section in the actual drilling cuttings return data of the safety well section, the theoretical cuttings return volume is determined by the following formula (1): 公式(1)中,Qp为理论岩屑返出体积,d为所述已钻井的井径,H为实钻段的井轨迹长度,a为井眼扩径影响系数;In formula (1), Qp is the theoretical cuttings return volume, d is the wellbore diameter, H is the well trajectory length of the actual drilling section, and a is the wellbore expansion influence coefficient; 将所述实钻反屑数据中各实钻段的实钻岩屑返出体积与理论岩屑返出体积的比值,确定为该实钻段的岩屑返出率;The ratio of the actual drilling cuttings return volume of each actual drilling section in the actual drilling cuttings return data to the theoretical rock cuttings return volume is determined as the rock cuttings return rate of the actual drilling section; 由各实钻段的岩屑返出率构成岩屑返出率曲线。The cuttings return rate curve is composed of the cuttings return rate of each actual drilling section. 5.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述井眼扩径影响系数的取值为1.04~1.08。5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the wellbore expansion influence coefficient has a value of 1.04 to 1.08. 6.如权利要求2~5任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据井区内已钻井的钻井数据确定安全井段,具体包括:6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein determining the safe well section based on drilling data of wells drilled in the well area specifically comprises: 根据井区内所有已钻井的钻井数据确定安全井段;或Determine the safe well section based on the drilling data of all wells drilled in the well area; or 根据井区内与所述正钻井相邻的已钻井的钻井数据确定安全井段。The safe well section is determined based on the drilling data of the wells drilled in the well area adjacent to the well being drilled. 7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述将安全岩屑返出率确定为正钻井待预测井段的理论岩屑返出率,得到理论岩屑返出率曲线,具体包括:7. The method according to claim 1, wherein determining the safe cuttings return rate as the theoretical cuttings return rate of the well section being drilled to be predicted, and obtaining the theoretical cuttings return rate curve, specifically comprises: 按照设定采样间隔确定正钻井待预测井段的各采样点深度;Determine the depth of each sampling point in the well section to be predicted during drilling according to the set sampling interval; 将所述安全岩屑返出率确定为各采样点深度处的理论岩屑返出率,得到理论岩屑返出率曲线。The safe rock cuttings return rate is determined as the theoretical rock cuttings return rate at the depth of each sampling point, and a theoretical rock cuttings return rate curve is obtained. 8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述待预测井段的实钻摩阻曲线,通过下述方式获取:8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the actual drilling friction curve of the well section to be predicted is obtained by: 根据实钻过程中实钻段的上提大钩载荷F1和下放大钩载荷F2,通过下述公式(2)确定实钻摩阻FaAccording to the lifting hook load F1 and the lowering hook load F2 during the actual drilling process, the actual drilling friction resistance F a is determined by the following formula (2): Fa=(F1-F2)/2(2);F a =(F 1 -F 2 )/2(2); 由各实钻段的实钻摩阻构成实钻摩阻曲线。The actual drilling friction resistance curve is composed of the actual drilling friction resistance of each actual drilling section. 9.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述预先确定的摩阻比值、扭矩比值和岩屑返出率比值与钻井风险等级的对应关系,具体包括:9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined correspondence between the friction ratio, torque ratio, and cuttings return rate ratio and the drilling risk level specifically comprises: 摩阻比值扭矩比值和岩屑返出率比值若满足下述公式(3),钻井风险等级为低风险,若满足下述公式(4),钻井风险等级为中风险,若满足下述公式(5),钻井风险等级为高风险:Friction ratio Torque ratio Cuttings return rate ratio If the following formula (3) is satisfied, the drilling risk level is low risk; if the following formula (4) is satisfied, the drilling risk level is medium risk; if the following formula (5) is satisfied, the drilling risk level is high risk: 10.如权利要求1~5和7~9中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括:10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7 to 9, further comprising: 根据新的已钻井的摩阻比值曲线、扭矩比值曲线和岩屑返出率比值曲线及井下事故复杂数据,更新所述摩阻比值、扭矩比值和岩屑返出率比值与钻井风险等级的对应关系。The correspondence between the friction ratio, torque ratio and cuttings return rate ratio and the drilling risk level is updated based on the new drilled friction ratio curve, torque ratio curve and cuttings return rate ratio curve and downhole accident complexity data. 11.如权利要求1~5和7~9中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述理论摩阻曲线、理论扭矩曲线、理论岩屑返出率曲线、实钻摩阻曲线、实钻扭矩曲线和实钻岩屑返出率曲线的采样点间隔与钻具立柱的长度一致。11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7 to 9, characterized in that the sampling point intervals of the theoretical friction curve, theoretical torque curve, theoretical cuttings return rate curve, actual drilling friction curve, actual drilling torque curve and actual drilling cuttings return rate curve are consistent with the length of the drill string. 12.一种钻井风险识别装置,其特征在于,包括:12. A drilling risk identification device, comprising: 安全参数确定模块,用于根据井区内已钻井的钻井数据,确定安全摩阻系数和安全岩屑返出率;A safety parameter determination module is used to determine the safety friction coefficient and the safety cuttings return rate based on the drilling data of the wells drilled in the well area; 理论参数确定模块,用于根据所述安全摩阻系数,确定正钻井待预测井段的理论摩阻曲线和理论扭矩曲线;将安全岩屑返出率确定为正钻井待预测井段的理论岩屑返出率,得到理论岩屑返出率曲线;a theoretical parameter determination module, configured to determine a theoretical friction curve and a theoretical torque curve of the well section being drilled to be predicted based on the safety friction coefficient; determine the safe cuttings return rate as the theoretical cuttings return rate of the well section being drilled to be predicted, and obtain a theoretical cuttings return rate curve; 实钻参数与理论参数比值确定模块,用于确定所述待预测井段的实钻摩阻曲线与所述理论摩阻曲线的摩阻比值曲线,实钻扭矩曲线与所述理论扭矩曲线的扭矩比值曲线,实钻岩屑返出率曲线与所述理论岩屑返出率的岩屑返出率比值曲线;a module for determining the ratio of actual drilling parameters to theoretical parameters, for determining a friction ratio curve between an actual drilling friction resistance curve and the theoretical friction resistance curve, a torque ratio curve between an actual drilling torque curve and the theoretical torque curve, and a cuttings return rate ratio curve between an actual drilling cuttings return rate curve and the theoretical cuttings return rate of the well section to be predicted; 钻井风险等级识别模块,用于根据预先确定的摩阻比值、扭矩比值和岩屑返出率比值与钻井风险等级的对应关系及所述摩阻比值曲线、扭矩比值曲线和岩屑返出率比值曲线,确定所述待预测井段的钻井风险等级。The drilling risk level identification module is used to determine the drilling risk level of the well section to be predicted based on the predetermined correspondence between the friction ratio, torque ratio and cuttings return rate ratio and the drilling risk level and the friction ratio curve, torque ratio curve and cuttings return rate ratio curve. 13.一种具备钻井风险识别功能的计算机程序产品,包括计算机程序/指令,其特征在于,该计算机程序/指令被处理器执行时实现权利要求1~11任一项所述的钻井风险识别方法。13. A computer program product with a drilling risk identification function, comprising a computer program/instruction, wherein when the computer program/instruction is executed by a processor, the drilling risk identification method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is implemented. 14.一种服务器,其特征在于,包括:存储器、处理器及存储于存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述程序时实现权利要求1~11任一项所述的钻井风险识别方法。14. A server, characterized in that it comprises: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the drilling risk identification method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is implemented.
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