CN116365064B - Container energy storage flexible battery management system and method - Google Patents
Container energy storage flexible battery management system and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116365064B CN116365064B CN202310235338.4A CN202310235338A CN116365064B CN 116365064 B CN116365064 B CN 116365064B CN 202310235338 A CN202310235338 A CN 202310235338A CN 116365064 B CN116365064 B CN 116365064B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- battery pack
- battery management
- pack
- control unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 128
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004148 unit process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a container energy storage flexible battery management system and a method, wherein the battery management system is applied to a battery system formed by m rows and n columns of battery packs, and m and n are positive integers larger than zero; comprises a battery management unit and a battery control unit; the battery management unit is arranged in each battery pack and is used for collecting the real-time state of each battery pack and transmitting the real-time state of each battery pack to the battery control unit; according to the battery pack combination instruction transmitted by the battery control unit, whether the corresponding battery pack participates in the charge and discharge operation of the whole battery system or not is controlled; the battery control unit is used for carrying out data processing calculation according to the real-time state of each battery pack to obtain a battery pack combination instruction; and transmitting the battery pack combination instruction to a battery management unit to realize flexible serial-parallel connection of the battery packs in the whole battery system. The invention improves the flexibility of the series-parallel connection of the battery pack and the utilization rate of the container energy storage battery core, and the system response is fast when the battery system has an emergency fault condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery management systems for container energy storage, in particular to a flexible battery management system and method for container energy storage.
Background
The scheme of the battery management system for storing energy of the container is that a plurality of battery packs are connected in parallel, each battery pack is connected in series after being connected in parallel based on the battery cores, and the battery cores are managed by monitoring the voltage and temperature conditions of the battery cores through an acquisition wire harness of a Battery Management System (BMS); the serial and parallel connection between the battery cells is that the copper bars connect the anode and the cathode of the battery cells with the copper bars through a laser welding technology, the battery cells are firmly and firmly connected, and the hard connection requires that the contact surfaces are in close contact, so that the situation of serious heating does not occur when overcurrent occurs; only two lines of total positive and total negative are formed in the convergence, and a high voltage Box (BDU) is added to the total loop, wherein the BDU comprises high voltage devices such as a main positive relay, a main negative relay, a fuse, a copper bar, a pre-charging relay, a foolproof socket and the like.
The conventional scheme has the following problems: 1) After the parallel battery cells in any string are damaged, the cluster battery pack cannot be used; 2) Any connection copper bar in the string fails, and the cluster battery pack cannot be used; 3) Under the condition of extremely poor consistency of the battery cells, the capacity of the whole system is greatly reduced, and the BMS balancing function has very small effect on the condition of relatively large consistency; 4) After any battery core has a problem, the battery core cannot be timely isolated and still connected in series in a loop, a Micro Control Unit (MCU) is needed for judging the fault time of a relay of a main loop, the time of issuing a control instruction is needed, the response time of the relay is needed, and the three times are added together to cause slow reaction; 5) The series-parallel welding process for the battery cells has very high requirements, and once the battery cells are in cold joint, the whole system is problematic.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that in the conventional battery management system for container energy storage, the serial-parallel connection of battery packs is a fixed mode of firstly connecting single clusters in series and then connecting each cluster in parallel, and the problems of poor flexibility of the serial-parallel connection of the battery packs, low utilization rate of battery cells for container energy storage, slow system response in the case of emergency fault of the battery system and the like exist.
The invention aims to provide a container energy storage flexible battery management system and a method, and provides a reconfigurable container energy storage battery management system scheme, firstly, the invention has the advantage of flexible serial-parallel connection, through increasing a battery management unit BMU in each group battery, realize the series-parallel connection of entire system through the inside charge-discharge MOS switch of battery management unit BMU, improved group battery serial-parallel connection's flexibility. Secondly, the invention automatically adjusts the battery pack which does not meet the use requirement from the working state to the idle state, and the system proposal is designed with a battery control unit BPU which is used for controlling the working state of the battery management unit BMU in real time, and the battery management unit BMU is controlled to realize the whole series-parallel connection, thereby improving the utilization rate of the energy storage battery core of the container. And thirdly, the invention adopts a hardware protection strategy aiming at short circuit faults, has the advantages of high response speed and accurate response, can adjust the flexible series-parallel connection in real time, has high adjustment speed, can adjust the fault battery pack from a working state to a non-working state, can reuse the rest battery pack to form a new power supply side for supplying power to the load, and improves the utilization rate of the system.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a container energy storage flexible battery management system, which is applied to a battery system formed by m rows and n columns of battery packs, wherein m and n are positive integers greater than zero; the battery management system includes a battery management unit and a battery control unit;
The battery management units are arranged in each battery pack, namely each battery pack is internally provided with a battery management unit BMU, and the battery management units are used for collecting the real-time state of each battery pack and transmitting the real-time state of each battery pack to the battery control unit; according to the battery pack combination instruction transmitted by the battery control unit, whether the corresponding battery pack participates in the charge and discharge operation of the whole battery system or not is controlled;
The battery control unit is used for carrying out data processing calculation according to the real-time state of each battery pack to obtain a battery pack combination instruction; and transmitting the battery pack combination instruction to a battery management unit to realize flexible serial-parallel connection of the battery packs in the whole battery system.
Further, the battery packs in the same row in the battery system are sequentially connected in series, and the battery packs in the same row are connected in parallel; and the whole battery system is output in parallel.
Further, the battery management unit is specifically arranged on the positive high-voltage output loop of each battery pack, the high-voltage output loop is communicated through closing the MOS tube, and a power source is provided for a load after the high-voltage output loop is communicated.
Further, the battery management unit comprises an acquisition chip, a current sensor, a charging MOS tube, a discharging MOS tube, an MCU controller and a smoke sensor; the acquisition chip, the current sensor, the charging MOS tube, the discharging MOS tube and the smoke sensor are all connected with the MCU controller;
the acquisition chip is used for acquiring the temperature and the voltage of the single battery cells in the battery pack;
the current sensor is used for collecting the charge and discharge current of the battery pack;
The smoke sensor is used for monitoring whether thermal runaway caused by the failure of the battery cell occurs in the battery pack;
a charging MOS tube for controlling the charging function of the battery pack by cutting off/closing the battery pack;
The discharging MOS tube is used for controlling the cut-off/closing of the battery pack to control and realize the discharging function of the battery pack;
and the MCU controller is used for controlling the real-time state of the battery pack acquired by the acquisition chip, the current sensor and the smoke sensor to be transmitted to the battery control unit and controlling the charging MOS tube and the discharging MOS tube to cut off or close the battery pack so as to realize whether the battery pack participates in the charge and discharge work of the whole battery system.
Further, the battery management unit also comprises an address distributor, and the address distributor is connected with the MCU controller;
And the address distributor is used for distributing different CANID addresses when the plurality of battery management units are in CAN bus communication.
Further, the battery control unit adopts a flexible strategy method to perform data processing calculation to obtain a battery pack combination instruction;
The flexible strategy method is based on the load demand discharging capacity, the battery cell voltage state, the battery cell temperature state, the current state of battery pack charging and discharging and whether the battery pack has thermal runaway factors, and a battery system composition scheme capable of meeting the load demand at maximum is calculated to be used as a battery pack combination instruction.
Further, the battery management system is applied to a battery system formed by 8 rows and 4 columns of battery packs, and the following power output is realized:
When a battery pack in a certain column fails, the battery management system can avoid the battery pack to form a maximum capacity 3/4 battery system for supplying power;
when the battery packs in the three columns have faults, the battery management system can form a 1/4 battery system with maximum capacity to supply power, and at least the whole system is ensured to have electric energy output.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a container energy storage flexible battery management method, where the method is applied to the container energy storage flexible battery management system; the battery management method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that the real-time state of each battery pack is collected through a battery management unit, and the real-time state of each battery pack is transmitted to a battery control unit;
The battery control unit processes and calculates data by adopting a flexible strategy method according to the real-time state of each battery pack to obtain a battery pack combination instruction; and transmits the battery pack combination instruction to the battery management unit,
And the battery management unit controls whether the corresponding battery pack participates in charge and discharge work of the whole battery system according to the battery pack combination instruction transmitted by the battery control unit, so that the flexible serial-parallel connection of the battery packs in the whole battery system is realized.
Further, the flexible strategy method is to calculate a battery system composition scheme capable of meeting the load requirement to be used as a battery pack combination instruction based on the load requirement discharging capacity, the battery cell voltage state, the battery cell temperature state, the current state of battery pack charging and discharging and whether a thermal runaway factor occurs in the battery pack.
Further, the battery management method specifically includes:
When all the battery packs are normal and the load requirement discharge capacity is large, all the charging MOS tubes and discharging MOS tubes in the battery packs are in a closed state, the capacity of the battery system is the sum of the parallel connection of the plurality of battery packs, and the voltage of the battery system is the sum of the series connection of the plurality of battery packs;
When part of the battery packs are abnormal or the pressure difference is large and the load requirement discharging capacity is small, the battery control unit calculates a battery pack combination instruction, and sends the battery pack combination instruction to the battery management unit through CAN bus communication, and the battery management unit closes a charging MOS tube and a discharging MOS tube in the corresponding battery pack according to the battery pack combination instruction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. The invention has the advantage of flexible serial-parallel connection, the scheme of the flexible battery management system can adaptively carry out serial-parallel connection combination, and different clusters can be combined in a crossing way; through increasing a battery management unit BMU in each group battery, realize the series-parallel connection of entire system through the inside charge-discharge MOS switch of battery management unit BMU, improved group battery serial-parallel connection's flexibility.
2. The invention automatically adjusts the battery pack which does not meet the use requirement from the working state to the idle state, and the system proposal is designed with a battery control unit BPU which is used for controlling the working state of the battery management unit BMU in real time, and the battery management unit BMU is controlled to realize the whole series-parallel connection, thereby improving the utilization rate of the energy storage battery core of the container.
3. The invention adopts a hardware protection strategy aiming at short circuit faults, has the advantages of high response speed and accurate response, can adjust the flexible series-parallel connection in real time, has high adjustment speed, can adjust the fault battery pack from a working state to a non-working state, can reuse the rest battery pack to form a new power supply side for supplying power to the load, and improves the utilization rate of the system.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flexible battery management system for container energy storage according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the functional principle of the battery management unit of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of data transmission according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the terms "comprises" or "comprising" as may be used in various embodiments of the present invention indicate the presence of inventive functions, operations or elements, and are not limiting of the addition of one or more functions, operations or elements. Furthermore, as used in various embodiments of the invention, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and their cognate terms are intended to refer to a particular feature, number, step, operation, element, component, or combination of the foregoing, and should not be interpreted as first excluding the existence of or increasing likelihood of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations of the foregoing.
In various embodiments of the invention, the expression "or" at least one of a or/and B "includes any or all combinations of the words listed simultaneously. For example, the expression "a or B" or "at least one of a or/and B" may include a, may include B or may include both a and B.
Expressions (such as "first", "second", etc.) used in the various embodiments of the invention may modify various constituent elements in the various embodiments, but the respective constituent elements may not be limited. For example, the above description does not limit the order and/or importance of the elements. The above description is only intended to distinguish one element from another element. For example, the first user device and the second user device indicate different user devices, although both are user devices. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that: if it is described to "connect" one component element to another component element, a first component element may be directly connected to a second component element, and a third component element may be "connected" between the first and second component elements. Conversely, when one constituent element is "directly connected" to another constituent element, it is understood that there is no third constituent element between the first constituent element and the second constituent element.
The terminology used in the various embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the various embodiments of the invention. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which various embodiments of the invention belong. The terms (such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries) will be interpreted as having a meaning that is the same as the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein in connection with the various embodiments of the invention.
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The serial-parallel connection of the battery packs in the battery management system based on the conventional container energy storage is a fixed mode that single clusters are connected in series and then all clusters are connected in parallel, and the problems that the serial-parallel connection flexibility of the battery packs is poor, the utilization rate of the container energy storage battery cells is low, the system response is slow when the battery system has an emergency fault condition and the like exist.
The invention provides a reconfigurable container energy storage battery management system scheme, wherein a flexible grouping mode adopted by series-parallel connection of battery packs in the battery system can be quickly combined according to the current load condition; when a battery pack in a certain cluster fails, the battery pack can be quickly avoided.
1) In order to solve the problem that the traditional battery pack has poor serial-parallel flexibility, the invention has the advantage of flexible serial-parallel connection, the serial-parallel connection of the battery packs is not a fixed form of serial connection of single clusters and parallel connection of each cluster, the serial-parallel connection of the whole system is realized by adding a battery management unit BMU in each battery pack and a charge-discharge MOS switch in the battery management unit BMU, and the serial-parallel connection flexibility of the battery packs is improved.
2) In order to solve the problem that the utilization rate of the energy storage battery core of the traditional container is low, the battery management system scheme of the invention automatically adjusts the battery pack which does not meet the use requirement from the working state to the idle state, and the system scheme is provided with a battery control unit BPU which is used for controlling the working state of the battery management unit BMU in real time, and the battery management unit BMU is controlled to realize integral serial-parallel connection, so that the utilization rate of the energy storage battery core of the container is improved.
3) In order to solve the problem of slow system response in the emergency fault condition of the battery system, the invention adopts a strategy of hardware protection aiming at short circuit faults, has the advantages of high response speed and accurate response, can adjust the flexible serial-parallel connection in real time, has high adjustment speed, can adjust the fault battery pack from a working state to a non-working state, can reuse the residual battery pack to form a new power supply side to supply power to a load, and improves the utilization rate of the system.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the container energy storage flexible battery management system is applied to a battery system formed by m rows and n columns of battery packs, wherein m and n are positive integers larger than zero; the battery management system includes a battery management unit and a battery control unit;
The battery management unit BMU is arranged in each battery pack, namely one battery management unit BMU is arranged in each battery pack and used for collecting the real-time state of each battery pack and transmitting the real-time state of each battery pack to the battery control unit; according to the battery pack combination instruction transmitted by the battery control unit, whether the corresponding battery pack participates in the charge and discharge operation of the whole battery system or not is controlled;
The battery control unit BPU is used for carrying out data processing calculation according to the real-time state of each battery pack to obtain a battery pack combination instruction; and transmitting the battery pack combination instruction to a battery management unit to realize flexible serial-parallel connection of the battery packs in the whole battery system.
The battery packs in the same row in the battery system are sequentially connected in series, and the battery packs in the same row are connected in parallel; and the whole battery system is output in parallel.
The working principle is as follows: the invention combines the battery management unit and the battery control unit to realize the flexible serial-parallel connection of the battery packs in the battery system, rather than the hard connection in the prior art. A charge-discharge MOS tube is arranged in each battery pack and is used as a switch of the high-voltage loop in series-parallel connection; when all the battery packs are normal and the load requires larger discharging capacity, all the charging MOS tubes and discharging MOS tubes in the battery packs are in a closed state, at the moment, the capacity of the battery system is the sum of the parallel connection of the plurality of battery packs, and the voltage of the battery system is the sum of the series connection of the plurality of battery packs. When the partial battery pack is abnormal or the pressure difference is large and the load requirement discharging capacity is small, the charging and discharging MOS tube in the battery pack needs to be closed by the partial battery management unit BMU by sending an instruction through CAN bus communication according to the result calculated by the battery control unit BPU, namely, the battery control unit calculates a battery pack combination instruction and sends the battery pack combination instruction to the battery management unit through CAN bus communication, and the battery management unit CAN close the charging MOS tube and the discharging MOS tube in the corresponding battery pack according to the battery pack combination instruction. If 1.
As a further implementation, the battery management unit is specifically arranged on the high-voltage output loop of each battery pack positive electrode, and the high-voltage output loop is communicated through closing the MOS tube, so that a power source is provided for a load after the high-voltage output loop is communicated.
As a further implementation, the battery management unit BMU includes an acquisition chip, a current sensor, a charging MOS tube, a discharging MOS tube, an MCU controller, a smoke sensor, and an address distributor; the acquisition chip, the current sensor, the charging MOS tube, the discharging MOS tube, the smoke sensor and the address distributor are all connected with the MCU controller;
the acquisition chip is used for acquiring the temperature and the voltage of the single battery cells in the battery pack;
the current sensor is used for collecting the charge and discharge current of the battery pack;
The smoke sensor is used for monitoring whether thermal runaway caused by the failure of the battery cell occurs in the battery pack;
a charging MOS tube for controlling the charging function of the battery pack by cutting off/closing the battery pack;
The discharging MOS tube is used for controlling the cut-off/closing of the battery pack to control and realize the discharging function of the battery pack;
The MCU controller is used for controlling the real-time state of the battery pack acquired by the acquisition chip, the current sensor and the smoke sensor to be transmitted to the battery control unit and controlling the charging MOS tube and the discharging MOS tube to cut off or close the battery pack so as to realize whether the battery pack participates in the charge and discharge work of the whole battery system;
And the address distributor is used for distributing different CANID addresses when the plurality of battery management units are in CAN bus communication.
In the above technical solution, as shown in fig. 2, the battery management unit BMU integrates multiple functions, and the functions include the following: temperature sampling, voltage sampling, current collection, charge MOS control, discharge MOS control, smoke sensor, communication address distribution and the like. The temperature sampling and the voltage sampling are aimed at the acquisition of the single battery cell; the current collection aims at charging and discharging of the battery pack; the charge and discharge MOS control realizes the charge and discharge functions of the battery pack; the smoke sensor is used for monitoring whether thermal runaway caused by battery core failure occurs in the battery pack; the CAN communication realizes uploading the collected battery cell data, the calculated real-time state (SOX value, including SOC value/SOH value/SOP value) and battery fault information to a battery control unit (BPU); the address distributor distributes different CANID addresses when a plurality of battery management units carry out CAN bus communication, thereby preventing the CAN content from being unable to be normally sent out because of the repetition of the CANID addresses.
As a further implementation, the battery control unit adopts a flexible strategy method to perform data processing calculation to obtain a battery pack combination instruction;
The flexible strategy method is based on the load demand discharging capacity, the battery cell voltage state, the battery cell temperature state, the current state of battery pack charging and discharging and whether the battery pack has thermal runaway factors, and a battery system composition scheme capable of meeting the load demand at maximum is calculated to be used as a battery pack combination instruction. Therefore, the flexible strategy method is that the series-parallel connection among the battery packs in the system can be adjusted in real time according to the current state of the battery packs of the system, and the advantages are obvious compared with the conventional fixed hard connection mode.
The flexible strategy implementation method is as follows: the battery management unit BMU collects real-time states of the battery pack (including a state based on load demand discharging capacity, a state of battery cell voltage, a state of battery cell temperature, a state of battery pack charging and discharging current and whether a thermal runaway factor occurs in the battery pack) and sends the states to the battery control unit BPU, the battery control unit BPU obtains a load power request through a load end signal, and the battery control unit BPU obtains a serial-parallel connection composition instruction (namely a serial-parallel connection composition form) of the battery pack in the system according to the actual state of the battery and the load power request every 200ms in a running period of 200ms of the internal program of the battery control unit BPU. Then the battery control unit BPU sends the closing and opening instructions of each battery pack MOS tube to the battery management unit BMU through a CAN signal, after the battery management unit BMU receives the instructions of the BPU, the battery management unit BMU controls the MOS tubes to be closed and opened the same as the instructions, after the instructions are executed, the battery management unit BMU feeds back the current state of the MOS tubes, the current state is sent to the battery control unit BPU through the CAN signal, and after the battery control unit BPU receives the feedback signals of the battery management unit BMU, the battery control unit BPU needs to check the content values of the sent instructions; if the check is correct, other processing is not performed, and if the check is incorrect, an instruction is independently issued between the battery management units BMU with incorrect feedback; and if the feedback is incorrect for more than 3 times, the battery pack where the battery management unit BMU is positioned does not participate in the charging and discharging of the system to form a group, and meanwhile, the battery control unit BPU reports that the number of the battery pack of the battery management unit BMU has MOS abnormal faults and needs to be maintained. The battery control unit BPU issues an instruction, and the period from when the BPU receives the feedback signal of the battery management unit BMU to complete verification cannot exceed 50ms, that is, the message period is kept to be sent at the frequency of 20 ms.
According to the technical scheme, the battery management unit BMU monitors the service condition of the battery cell, sends information such as voltage, temperature and SOX value to the battery control unit BPU through the CAN bus, the battery control unit BPU performs data processing calculation by adopting a flexible strategy method, and particularly, the battery control unit BPU calculates a battery system composition scheme capable of meeting the load demand to the maximum extent based on factors such as load demand discharging capacity, battery cell voltage state, battery cell temperature state, battery pack charging and discharging current state, whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack or not, and the battery management unit BMU issues a command corresponding to the battery management unit BMU through the CAN bus, and after the battery management unit BMU receives the command of closing the charging MOS tube/discharging the charging MOS tube, the charging MOS tube/discharging the charging MOS tube is closed, so that the high-voltage system becomes an energy source required by the load, and normal charging and discharging requirements are met.
As shown in fig. 3, the battery management unit BMU and the battery control unit BPU are in communication with each other by a CAN bus to realize information uploading and command issuing, and the CAN address cannot be repeated, so that the battery management unit BMU jointly realizes the CAN address allocation function through software and hardware, and the battery control unit BMU takes multiple factors into consideration as a detection and execution unit of the battery management system to timely issue an instruction for closing the MOS switch to the battery management unit BMU.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) Different from the traditional series-parallel connection mode, the flexible battery management system scheme can adaptively perform series-parallel connection combination, and different clusters can be combined in a crossing way;
(2) When detecting that one battery pack in a certain column is abnormal, the battery management unit reports the condition of the battery pack to the battery control unit; the battery control unit sends a command of disconnecting the battery pack MOS switch (namely a charging MOS tube/a discharging charging MOS tube) to the battery management unit, and the battery management unit receives the command of disconnecting the battery pack MOS switch and disconnects the MOS switch; meanwhile, the battery control unit coordinates other rows of battery packs to be added into the battery system, so that the battery system is ensured to be continuously used; so as to ensure that the whole battery system is not affected and can be used continuously;
(3) When detecting that the short circuit occurs in the battery pack, the battery management unit turns off the MOS switch, and reports fault information of the short circuit condition and a processing mode of turning off the MOS switch to the battery control unit; and after the battery control unit receives the information, stopping energy output, and simultaneously coordinating normal battery packs of other columns to be added into the battery system, so that the battery system is ensured to be continuously used.
(4) Along with the longer and longer service time of battery, the uniformity difference of battery cell can be bigger and bigger, and balanced effect is more limited to balanced opening needs to satisfy the condition and just can open, the cell can have the condition that the uniformity is bad, has flexible battery management system scheme, can discharge the group battery of high state of charge SOC in the system first, and after the high state of charge SOC was discharged, the group battery of high middle state of charge SOC was discharged again, and the group battery of low state of charge SOC was discharged again at last, just so can avoid leading to the problem that whole discharge system energy reduces because of the poor uniformity of cell, can also play the balanced effect of certain group battery simultaneously.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the battery management system of the present embodiment is illustrated by taking a maximum of 4 clusters of parallel battery systems formed by 32 battery packs in total of 8 rows and 4 columns as an example, the battery packs are 1P16S (i.e., 16 battery packs in series), the cell capacity is 280Ah, the cell rated voltage is 3.2V, and then the rated voltage of a single battery pack is 51.2V, and the rated capacity is 280Ah; when the MOS switch (i.e., the charge MOS transistor/the discharge charge MOS transistor) of the battery pack is closed, the entire battery system has a rated capacity 1120Ah and a rated voltage 409.6V, in which case the battery system is in the maximum charge-discharge capacity state in this scheme.
Case one: when the SOC of one battery pack is lower in each cluster (namely each column) and is not connected in parallel, the SOC of the B5 battery pack in the cluster A1 is 50%, the SOC of the B3 battery pack in the cluster A2 is 50%, the SOC of the B7 battery pack in the cluster A3 is 50%, the SOC of the B1 battery pack in the cluster A4 is 50%, the SOCs of other battery packs are 60%, and after receiving the reported SOCs of all battery management units BMU, a battery pack MOS switch with the SOC of 60% is closed, the rated capacity of the whole battery system is 840Ah, and the rated voltage 409.6V, wherein the charge and discharge capacity of the battery system only accounts for 3/4 of the maximum capacity at the moment, so that the normal use of the battery system can be ensured; when the battery pack SOC in the battery system is set from 60% to 50%, the battery pack having the SOC of 50% can be made up to 100% of the maximum discharge capacity.
And a second case: when abnormal battery cells in some clusters are caused to not allow continuous charge and discharge, B2 battery packs in a cluster A1, B2 battery packs in a cluster A2 and B2 battery packs in a cluster A3, and thermal runaway alarm or short circuit or under-voltage occur simultaneously due to battery cell batch reasons, the battery control monocular BPU only issues an instruction of closing an MOS switch to a cluster A4 through a CAN bus based on fault information and battery cell information reported by a battery management unit BMU, the battery system is 1/4 of the maximum capacity, but CAN meet the basic operation of the system and cannot run under a large load, the rated capacity 280Ah of the whole battery system is rated voltage 409.6V, and when a maintainer replaces the faulty battery pack, the battery system is restored to 100% of the maximum capacity.
Example 3
The difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the present invention further provides a container energy storage flexible battery management method, which is applied to the container energy storage flexible battery management system described in embodiment 1; the battery management method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that the real-time state of each battery pack is collected through a battery management unit, and the real-time state of each battery pack is transmitted to a battery control unit;
The battery control unit processes and calculates data by adopting a flexible strategy method according to the real-time state of each battery pack to obtain a battery pack combination instruction; and transmits the battery pack combination instruction to the battery management unit,
And the battery management unit controls whether the corresponding battery pack participates in charge and discharge work of the whole battery system according to the battery pack combination instruction transmitted by the battery control unit, so that the flexible serial-parallel connection of the battery packs in the whole battery system is realized.
As a further implementation, the flexible policy method is to calculate a battery system composition scheme that can maximally meet the load demand as a battery pack combination instruction based on the load demand discharge capability, the battery cell voltage state, the battery cell temperature state, the current state of battery pack charge and discharge, and whether a thermal runaway factor occurs in the battery pack.
As a further implementation, the battery management method specifically includes:
When all the battery packs are normal and the load requirement discharge capacity is large, all the charging MOS tubes and discharging MOS tubes in the battery packs are in a closed state, the capacity of the battery system is the sum of the parallel connection of the plurality of battery packs, and the voltage of the battery system is the sum of the series connection of the plurality of battery packs;
When part of the battery packs are abnormal or the pressure difference is large and the load requirement discharging capacity is small, the battery control unit calculates a battery pack combination instruction, and sends the battery pack combination instruction to the battery management unit through CAN bus communication, and the battery management unit closes a charging MOS tube and a discharging MOS tube in the corresponding battery pack according to the battery pack combination instruction.
The invention comprises the following steps: (1) The serial-parallel connection of the whole system is realized by adding a battery management unit BMU in each battery pack and a charge-discharge MOS switch in the battery management unit BMU; (2) The flexible grouping mode adopted by the series-parallel connection of the battery packs in the battery system can be used for rapidly combining according to the current load condition; (3) The battery packs in the battery system are connected in series and in parallel in a flexible grouping mode, and when a battery pack in a certain cluster fails, the battery pack can be quickly avoided to form a maximum capacity 3/4 battery system for supplying power; when the battery packs in the three clusters have faults, a 1/4 battery system with the maximum capacity can be formed rapidly to supply power, and at least the whole system is ensured to have electric energy output; (4) When partial battery packs in the cluster have three conditions of high, medium and low, the battery packs with high SOC can be formed into the battery system for load use, then the battery packs with medium SOC are connected in series and in parallel for load use, and finally the battery packs with low SOC are connected in series and in parallel for load use; (5) The battery control unit BPU calculates based on the information provided by the battery management unit BMU, and finally obtains feasible battery pack arrangement so as to meet the requirement of continuously supplying power to the load.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The flexible battery management system for container energy storage is characterized in that the battery management system is applied to a battery system formed by m rows and n columns of battery packs, and m and n are positive integers larger than zero; the battery management system includes a battery management unit and a battery control unit;
The battery management unit is arranged in each battery pack, and is used for collecting the real-time state of each battery pack and transmitting the real-time state of each battery pack to the battery control unit; according to the battery pack combination instruction transmitted by the battery control unit, whether the corresponding battery pack participates in the charge and discharge operation of the whole battery system or not is controlled;
the battery control unit is used for calculating a battery pack combination instruction according to the real-time state of each battery pack; transmitting the battery pack combination instruction to a battery management unit to realize flexible serial-parallel connection of battery packs in the whole battery system;
The battery management unit comprises an acquisition chip, a current sensor, a charging MOS tube, a discharging MOS tube, an MCU controller and a smoke sensor; the acquisition chip, the current sensor, the charging MOS tube, the discharging MOS tube and the smoke sensor are all connected with the MCU controller;
the acquisition chip is used for acquiring the temperature and the voltage of the single battery cells in the battery pack;
the current sensor is used for collecting the charge and discharge current of the battery pack;
The smoke sensor is used for monitoring whether thermal runaway caused by the failure of the battery cell occurs in the battery pack;
a charging MOS tube for controlling the charging function of the battery pack by cutting off/closing the battery pack;
The discharging MOS tube is used for controlling the cut-off/closing of the battery pack to control and realize the discharging function of the battery pack;
The MCU controller is used for controlling the real-time state of the battery pack acquired by the acquisition chip, the current sensor and the smoke sensor to be transmitted to the battery control unit, and controlling the charging MOS tube and the discharging MOS tube to cut off or close the battery pack so as to realize whether the battery pack participates in the charge and discharge work of the whole battery system;
The battery control unit performs data processing calculation by adopting a flexible strategy method to obtain a battery pack combination instruction;
The flexible strategy method is based on the load demand discharging capacity, the battery cell voltage state, the battery cell temperature state, the current state of battery pack charging and discharging and whether a thermal runaway factor occurs in the battery pack, and a battery system composition scheme capable of meeting the load demand to the maximum extent is calculated to be used as a battery pack combination instruction;
when all the battery packs are normal and the load requirement discharge capacity is high, all the charging MOS tubes and discharging MOS tubes in the battery packs are in a closed state, the capacity of the battery system is the sum of the parallel connection of the plurality of battery packs, and the voltage of the battery system is the sum of the series connection of the plurality of battery packs;
When a certain battery pack is abnormal or the pressure difference is large and the load requirement discharging capacity is small, the battery control unit calculates a battery pack combination instruction, and sends the battery pack combination instruction to the battery management unit through CAN bus communication, and the battery management unit closes a charging MOS tube and a discharging MOS tube in the corresponding battery pack according to the battery pack combination instruction;
the battery packs in the same row in the battery system are sequentially connected in series, and the battery packs in the same row are connected in parallel; and the whole battery system is output in parallel.
2. The flexible battery management system of claim 1, wherein the battery management unit is specifically disposed on the positive high voltage output loop of each battery.
3. The flexible battery management system of claim 1, wherein the battery management unit further comprises an address distributor, the address distributor being connected to the MCU controller;
And the address distributor is used for distributing different CANID addresses when the plurality of battery management units are in CAN bus communication.
4. The flexible battery management system for container energy storage according to claim 1, wherein the battery management system is applied to a battery system formed by 8 rows and 4 columns of battery packs, and the following power outputs are realized:
When a battery pack in a certain column fails, the battery management system can avoid the battery pack to form a maximum capacity 3/4 battery system for supplying power;
When the battery packs in the three columns have faults, the battery management system can form a 1/4 battery system with maximum capacity to supply power, and the whole system is ensured to have electric energy output.
5. A container energy storage flexible battery management method, characterized in that the method is applied to a container energy storage flexible battery management system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4; the battery management method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that the real-time state of each battery pack is collected through a battery management unit, and the real-time state of each battery pack is transmitted to a battery control unit;
the battery control unit processes and calculates data by adopting a flexible strategy method according to the real-time state of each battery pack to obtain a battery pack combination instruction; and transmits the battery pack combination instruction to a battery management unit,
And the battery management unit controls whether the corresponding battery pack participates in charge and discharge work of the whole battery system according to the battery pack combination instruction transmitted by the battery control unit, so that the flexible serial-parallel connection of the battery packs in the whole battery system is realized.
6. The flexible battery management method for container energy storage according to claim 5, wherein the flexible policy method is based on a load demand discharging capability, a battery cell voltage state, a battery cell temperature state, a battery pack charge-discharge current state, and whether a thermal runaway factor occurs in the battery pack, and calculates a battery system composition scheme capable of maximally meeting the load demand as a battery pack composition instruction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310235338.4A CN116365064B (en) | 2023-03-13 | 2023-03-13 | Container energy storage flexible battery management system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310235338.4A CN116365064B (en) | 2023-03-13 | 2023-03-13 | Container energy storage flexible battery management system and method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116365064A CN116365064A (en) | 2023-06-30 |
| CN116365064B true CN116365064B (en) | 2024-08-09 |
Family
ID=86933990
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310235338.4A Active CN116365064B (en) | 2023-03-13 | 2023-03-13 | Container energy storage flexible battery management system and method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116365064B (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105703439A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-06-22 | 李志刚 | Power module management system and method for lithium batteries |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101973054B1 (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2019-04-26 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Battery pack and method of controlling the battery pack |
| CN103560548B (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2015-12-23 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Battery pack, battery connection system and battery set charge/discharge management method |
| CN105098845B (en) * | 2014-04-15 | 2018-06-26 | 东莞钜威动力技术有限公司 | Battery management system |
| CN213782928U (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-07-23 | 芜湖楚睿智能科技有限公司 | Battery management system for energy storage of lithium battery |
-
2023
- 2023-03-13 CN CN202310235338.4A patent/CN116365064B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105703439A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-06-22 | 李志刚 | Power module management system and method for lithium batteries |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116365064A (en) | 2023-06-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110228369B (en) | Battery power system, vehicle and control method | |
| CN109617106A (en) | A decentralized battery energy storage system | |
| CN116683559A (en) | Energy storage system, energy storage device and energy storage management system | |
| WO2025035970A1 (en) | Battery device and power supply system for data center | |
| WO2025031045A1 (en) | Energy storage battery and control method therefor | |
| CN211830332U (en) | Auxiliary power supply device for improving availability of storage battery pack | |
| CN112865261B (en) | Energy storage battery, application device thereof and charge and discharge control method | |
| CN215835162U (en) | Battery plug-in box and energy storage system are optimized to electricity core level | |
| CN115498284A (en) | Compensation control system and method for unbalanced current between parallel battery clusters | |
| CN116365064B (en) | Container energy storage flexible battery management system and method | |
| CN114628804A (en) | Control device and method for online maintenance of storage battery pack and power system | |
| WO2025039753A1 (en) | Power storage apparatus having plurality of storage battery modules connected in series, energy storage unit, and power supply system | |
| CN113629800A (en) | Battery cell level optimized battery plug box, energy storage system and application of battery cell level optimized battery plug box | |
| CN112803578A (en) | Intelligent distribution network power supply module and management method | |
| CN217427736U (en) | Energy storage system of controlled reconfiguration of voltage regulation battery unit | |
| CN217306582U (en) | Battery cluster energy storage system with online maintenance equipment | |
| CN116826879A (en) | Battery module controller, battery cluster and energy storage system | |
| CN218161832U (en) | Battery unit dynamic balancing and protection control system of energy storage system | |
| CN108695566A (en) | A kind of synchronous control system framework promoting energy-saving efficiency | |
| CN218586899U (en) | Battery module controller, battery cluster and energy storage system | |
| CN220358825U (en) | Dynamic safety protection energy storage system | |
| CN116094119B (en) | Reconstituted electrochemical energy storage system and method | |
| CN221137662U (en) | Distributed power battery system | |
| CN207835147U (en) | Can arbitrary disposition series-connected batteries single battery number control device | |
| CN215120145U (en) | Energy storage power generation device and energy storage power generation system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |