CN116360330B - A method and system for measuring flow in an open channel based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of information technology, in particular to an open channel flow measurement method and system based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array. The method includes the following steps: using a liquid level measuring device to measure the liquid to be measured, thereby obtaining liquid level data; obtaining historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data, and calculating the historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data, thereby obtaining the open channel Gate historical data set; obtain real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate stratified velocity data, and calculate the real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate stratified velocity data, so as to obtain open channel gate opening mode data; calculate according to open channel gate command data , so as to obtain the open channel gate opening mode, which can be sent to the open channel gate control module to execute the open channel gate operation operation. The invention adopts the intelligent data analysis technology to realize the intelligent control and management of the operation of the open channel gate and the like.

Description

A method and system for measuring flow in an open channel based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array

technical field

The invention relates to the field of information technology, in particular to an open channel flow measurement method and system based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array.

Background technique

With the development of economy and the increase of population, the utilization efficiency of water resources has become one of the focuses of society. Water conservancy open channel gate is an important part of water conservancy and hydropower projects. It uses open channel gate to control flow and adjust water level to reduce or eliminate flood and drought disasters and meet people's living and production needs. Transportation, ecological environment protection and other aspects play an important role. Water conservancy open channel gates need strict operation management and control while ensuring the utilization of water resources.

The traditional open channel flow measurement method mainly relies on manual operation, which has the disadvantages of limited control accuracy and high labor cost. Moreover, in the complex water flow environment, traditional measurement methods are difficult to realize the intelligent management of water flow, and cannot effectively control the open channel gate.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an open channel flow measurement method and system based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

In order to achieve the above object, an open channel flow measurement method based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array is applied to a multi-channel ultrasonic flow velocity measurement device, the multi-channel ultrasonic flow velocity measurement device includes an ultrasonic sensor; it is applied to a liquid level measurement device, and the liquid level measurement device includes a shell , sensing panel, data transmission module, power supply battery and single-chip microcomputer, wherein the sensing panel, single-chip microcomputer, data transmission module and power supply battery are set inside the shell; the shell is used to protect the equipment; the sensing panel includes multiple sensing areas, multiple sensing capacitance conversion circuit, liquid level measurement electrode, liquid reference electrode, environmental reference electrode and capacitance-to-digital converter, and the data transmission module is used to realize the communication between the liquid level measurement equipment and the data server, so that the liquid level measurement equipment can transmit the measured data through the wireless network The data is transmitted to the data server; the power supply battery is used to power the liquid level measurement equipment; the single-chip microcomputer adopts a 32-bit processor architecture to collect, process and transmit the liquid level data, and the sensor panel is collected by the built-in capacitance-to-digital converter The obtained analog signal is converted into a digital signal; the open channel flow measurement method based on the multi-channel ultrasonic array includes the following steps:

Step S1: Using a liquid level measuring device to measure the liquid to be tested, so as to obtain liquid level data;

Step S2: Obtain the structural data of the open channel gate, obtain the stratified flow velocity data of the open channel gate through a multi-channel ultrasonic velocity measurement device, and calculate the stratified velocity data and liquid level data of the open channel gate to obtain the open channel flow data; according to the structural data of the open channel gate, Open channel gate layered velocity data, open channel flow data and liquid level data construct the open channel gate switch formula, where the open channel gate switch formula is specifically:

;

is the open channel gate threshold, /> is the liquid level value at the front side of the open channel gate, /> is the liquid level value on the back side of the open channel gate, /> is the weight of the open channel gate, /> is the open channel gate volume, /> is the open channel flow value;

Step S3: Obtain historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data, and calculate the historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data, so as to obtain the open channel gate historical data set;

Step S4: Construct an open channel gate intelligent switch model according to the open channel gate switch formula and use the open channel gate historical data set;

Step S5: Obtain real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate stratified flow velocity data, and calculate the real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate stratified velocity data to obtain open channel gate instruction data;

Step S6: Calculate according to the open channel gate instruction data, so as to obtain the open channel gate opening mode, and send it to the open channel gate control module to execute the open channel gate operation operation.

The invention uses liquid level measuring equipment to measure the liquid to be measured, and using the liquid level measuring equipment to measure the liquid to be measured can reduce the workload of manual measurement, improve work efficiency, reduce operational risks, and increase the accuracy and authenticity of liquid level data To obtain the liquid level data; obtain the structure data of the open channel gate, obtain the stratified flow velocity data of the open channel gate through the multi-channel ultrasonic velocity measurement device, and calculate the stratified velocity data and liquid level data of the open channel gate to obtain the open channel flow data; Open channel gate structure data, open channel gate layered velocity data, open channel flow data and liquid level data construct open channel gate switch formula, and constructing open channel gate switch formula can improve the control accuracy and stability of open channel gate, so as to obtain the open channel gate switch formula; Historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data are calculated by historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data to obtain the open channel gate historical data set. The open channel gate historical data set can provide reference for the intelligent water conservancy open channel gate control system, thereby improving The accuracy and efficiency of the system; according to the open channel gate switch formula and the open channel gate historical data set to build the open channel gate intelligent switch model, the open channel gate intelligent switch model can build a more accurate and stable The mathematical model can better predict the control state of the open channel gate in the current hydrological environment, and avoid the impact of human errors and data errors on water conservancy projects; obtain real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate layered flow rate data, and improve real-time liquid level data. And real-time open channel gate layered velocity data for calculation, based on real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate layered velocity data to calculate, can get more accurate and real data, improve the accuracy of water conservancy projects, and thus obtain open channel gate instruction data; The open channel gate command data is calculated to obtain the open channel gate opening mode, which can be sent to the open channel gate control module to execute the open channel gate operation operation. Using the calculated open channel gate opening mode, the information on the sluice gate can be realized and the intelligence of water conservancy projects can be improved. , the best opening mode of the open channel gate can be obtained, so as to ensure the precise control of the open channel gate, improve the stability and accuracy of the water level, reduce the workload of manual intervention, improve the reliability and stability of the safe operation of the open channel gate, and reduce the The labor cost of water conservancy projects.

Optionally, a plurality of sensing areas on the sensing panel are arranged equidistantly from bottom to top, and the plurality of sensing areas are in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of sensing capacitance conversion circuits, and each sensing area is electrically connected to the corresponding sensing capacitance conversion, A liquid level measuring electrode is set between every two adjacent sensing areas, the liquid reference electrode is located at the bottom of the sensing panel, the environmental reference electrode is located at the top of the sensing panel, and is outside the liquid level measurement range, and the liquid level measuring electrode Corresponding to the capacitance-to-digital converter, each liquid level measurement electrode is electrically connected to the corresponding capacitance-to-digital converter, the liquid reference electrode and the environment reference electrode are connected to each capacitance-to-digital converter, the sensing capacitance conversion circuit and the capacitance-to-digital converter Both are connected with the single chip microcomputer;

The sensing area is a conductive surface, and it can be distinguished whether there is liquid coverage or not according to the generated sensing capacitance value;

The sensing area and the liquid level measurement electrode do not directly contact the liquid to be measured when measuring the liquid level, so as to realize isolated measurement;

The number of sensing zones on the sensing panel is determined by the liquid level range.

Each sensing area on the sensing panel in the present invention can be regarded as a capacitor, the liquid level measuring electrode is a part of another capacitor, and the liquid and environment reference electrodes are also a part of the capacitor. Because the liquid reference electrode and the environment reference electrode are fixed, their capacitance will not change, while the capacitance of the liquid level measurement electrode will change with the change of the liquid level. This sensing panel based on the principle of capacitance measurement has high precision, Fast response time and high reliability. The sensing area distinguishes whether there is liquid coverage according to the generated sensing capacitance value, which can realize the rapid and accurate judgment of the liquid level, effectively reduce the false alarm rate, reduce the misdiagnosis rate, and improve the accuracy and sensitivity of liquid level detection. The sensing area is a conductive surface, which can be applied to various liquid environments, and has the characteristics of high precision and fast response. The isolated measurement can protect the electrode and the sensing area from corrosion or damage of the liquid, improve the life and reliability of the measuring equipment, the isolated measurement does not directly contact the liquid, reduces the possibility of measurement error, and improves the accuracy and stability of the measurement sex. Verified selection of the number of sensing zones can improve the accuracy and speed of liquid level control.

Optionally, step S1 is specifically:

Step S11: After part or all of the liquid level measuring device is submerged in the liquid to be tested, the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and performs digital conversion according to the sensing capacitance value generated in the sensing area of the sensing panel to obtain the output state of the sensing area , where the output state of the sensing area includes liquid state and liquid-free state;

Step S12: According to the output state of the sensing area, the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located is obtained through discrimination processing, and the height corresponding to the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located is taken as the first-level measurement result data;

Step S13: Obtain the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode, and calculate the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode , to obtain the second-level measurement result data, wherein the second-level measurement result data is the liquid level height between the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located and the upper sensing area;

Step S14: Calculate the first-level measurement result data and the second-level measurement result data to obtain liquid level data.

In the present invention, part or all of the liquid level measuring equipment is submerged in the liquid to be measured, and the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and detection from bottom to top is easier to deal with changes in liquid level than detection from top to bottom, and can detect more widely liquid level range. Digital conversion is performed according to the magnitude of the sensing capacitance generated by the sensing area in the sensing panel, so that the output state of the sensing area can be quickly, accurately and highly sensitively obtained, thereby obtaining the output state of the sensing area. According to the output state of the sensing area, the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located is obtained through discrimination processing, and the corresponding height of the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located is taken as the first-level measurement result data. Obtain the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode, calculate the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode, and obtain the first Secondary measurement result data, using the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode for calculation can correct the error in the measurement result, improve the measurement accuracy and reliability, and thus measure more accurately Liquid level height. Calculate the first-level measurement result data and the second-level measurement result data to obtain liquid level data. By calculating the first-level measurement result data and the second-level measurement result data, more accurate and reliable liquid level data can be obtained.

Optionally, step S3 is specifically:

Obtain historical hydrological data and historical opening and closing data of the open channel gate, and use the open channel gate opening and closing formula to calculate the historical hydrological data, so as to obtain the historical hydrological data of the open channel gate;

The historical hydrological data of open channel gates and the historical opening and closing data of open channel gates are time-series merged based on chronological order to generate the historical data set of open channel gates.

The invention acquires historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data, uses the open channel gate switch formula to calculate the historical hydrological data, and can effectively calculate the optimal value of the height and width of the open channel gate, and the optimal opening time and closing time of the open channel gate , so as to obtain the historical hydrological data of the open channel gate. The historical hydrological data of the open channel gate and the historical opening and closing data of the open channel gate are merged in time series based on the time sequence, which can better analyze the influence of hydrological conditions on the opening and closing of the open channel gate, obtain the normal operating range and abnormal conditions of the open channel gate, and improve the open channel gate. The stability, accuracy and reliability of the operation to generate a historical dataset of open channel gates.

Optionally, step S4 is specifically:

Use the open channel gate switch formula to calculate the open channel gate historical data set, so as to obtain the open channel gate switch threshold data set, in which the open channel gate switch threshold data set includes open channel gate full open threshold data, open channel gate flow blocking threshold data and open channel gate half open threshold data data;

According to the open channel gate switch formula and using the open channel gate switch threshold data, the open channel gate intelligent switch model is constructed;

The open channel gate intelligent switch model is used as input data, which is input to the data analysis module, so that the data analysis module can monitor and analyze real-time data.

The present invention uses the open channel gate switch formula to calculate the historical data set of the open channel gate, can obtain a suitable open channel gate switch threshold data set, improves the stability and reliability of the open channel gate, avoids operating errors and equipment failures, and thus obtains the open channel gate switch Threshold dataset. According to the open channel gate switch formula and using the open channel gate switch threshold data to construct the open channel gate intelligent switch model, the construction of the open channel gate intelligent switch model can avoid the problems of misjudgment and misoperation that may exist in the traditional open channel gate switch, and improve the accuracy of the open channel gate switch. The accuracy and stability can automatically realize the opening and closing of the open channel gate, avoiding the cost of manual intervention, thereby saving costs. The automatic operation of the intelligent switch model can effectively reduce the risk of the operator and improve the safety of the operation. The open channel gate intelligent switch model is used as input data to the data analysis module, and the data analysis module can monitor and analyze real-time data, which can help monitor the occurrence of failures and hidden dangers, so as to improve the efficiency and safety of the system.

Optionally, step S6 is specifically:

Step S61: Classify and calculate the open channel gate instruction data according to the open channel gate switch threshold data, so as to obtain the open channel gate opening mode data, wherein the open channel gate opening mode data includes the open channel gate full open mode data, the open channel gate half open mode data and the open channel gate stopper stream mode data;

Step S62: Send the open channel gate opening mode data to the open channel gate control module to execute the open channel gate operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate opening modes according to the open channel gate opening mode data, wherein the open channel gate opening mode includes open channel gate full open mode, Open channel gate half-open mode and open channel gate blocking mode;

Step S63: Obtain the real-time open channel gate opening mode, and change the open channel gate opening mode when the open channel gate opening mode does not match the corresponding open channel gate opening mode data, so that the open channel gate opening mode matches the open channel gate opening mode data.

The present invention classifies and calculates open channel gate instruction data according to open channel gate switch threshold data, thereby obtaining open channel gate opening mode data, can obtain water flow conditions under different opening modes, and then determine the best opening mode, and can improve the service life of the open channel gate , prolong the maintenance cycle of equipment, and reduce the failure of open channel gates. The open channel gate opening mode data is sent to the open channel gate control module to execute the open channel gate operation operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate opening modes according to the open channel gate opening mode data. Obtain the real-time open channel gate opening mode, and change the open channel gate open mode when the open channel gate open mode does not match the corresponding open channel gate open mode data, so that the open channel gate open mode matches the open mode data, and obtain real-time open channel gate open Mode and making appropriate adjustments can ensure that the equipment works in an appropriate mode and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment. The appropriate opening mode can make the equipment work more efficiently, save resources and costs, and change the open channel gate opening mode to adapt to The current working state can maximize the efficiency of the equipment.

Optionally, step S12 specifically includes the following steps:

Detect the output state of the sensing area from bottom to top until it detects that the output state of two consecutive sensing areas is a liquid-free state, thereby obtaining the liquid level sensing area;

Continue to detect the output state of the sensing area above the liquid level sensing area; if it is detected that the output state of the sensing area is no liquid, then it is judged that the current liquid level is located in the liquid level sensing area, and the liquid level sensing area is located in the liquid level sensing area. The height of the sensing area below is used as the first-level measurement result data.

The invention detects the output state of the sensing area from bottom to top until it detects that the output state of two consecutive sensing areas is an anhydrous state, and the output state of two consecutive sensing areas passed through detection is an anhydrous state, which can eliminate the output state of a single sensing area errors, thereby improving reliability, resulting in a liquid level sensing area. Continue to detect the output state of the sensing area above the liquid level sensing area; if it is detected that the output state of the sensing area is no liquid, then it is judged that the current liquid level is located in the liquid level sensing area, and the liquid level sensing area is located in the liquid level sensing area. The height of the sensing area below is used as the first-level measurement result data. Using multi-level measurement, the height of the sensing area located below the liquid level sensing area is used as the first-level measurement result data, which can not only reduce the error, but also improve the accuracy and accuracy of the measurement. Accuracy, so as to measure the height of the liquid level more accurately.

Optionally, the calculation of the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode in step S13 is specifically:

According to the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode, the distance formula of the sensing area is constructed, and the formula of the distance of the sensing area is specifically:

;

in, is the sensing area distance, /> Measure the capacitance value of the electrode for the liquid level of the current liquid level line, /> Capacitance value of the electrode for level measurement in the absence of liquid to be measured, /> is the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, /> is the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode, /> is the conversion factor;

The sensing area distance formula in the present invention fully considers the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode of the current liquid level line that affects the sensing area distance , the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode when there is no liquid to be measured /> , the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode , the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode /> , forming a /> The functional relationship of the current liquid level line, the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode when there is no liquid to be measured, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode are used to calculate the sensing area. distance, and pass the conversion factor /> The introduction of the conversion coefficient can be properly adjusted according to the type of liquid to be measured, and the applicability of the conversion coefficient can be further improved. This formula takes into account the influence of different liquids on the electrode capacitance value, and is suitable for the measurement of various liquids, which can effectively increase the distance of the sensing area. accuracy and authenticity.

The capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are calculated by using the distance formula of the sensing area to obtain the distance of the sensing area, and the distance of the sensing area is used as the second-level measurement result data.

According to the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode, the invention constructs the distance formula of the sensing area, and the construction of the distance formula of the sensing area can eliminate the influence of factors such as electrodes, liquid, and the environment on the capacitance, and reduce the Small error, improve the accuracy of liquid level measurement. Use the distance formula of the sensing area to calculate the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode to obtain the distance of the sensing area, and use the distance of the sensing area as the second-level measurement result data. As the second-level measurement result data, the zone distance can avoid the influence of unstable factors in the capacitance measurement on the measurement result, so as to obtain a more stable measurement signal.

Optionally, the classification calculation in step S61 is to use the optimized secondary model to perform classification calculation, wherein the construction method of the optimized secondary model includes the following steps:

Divide the open channel gate command data by a preset division ratio to obtain a training set and a test set;

Use the CatBoost algorithm to model the training set and test set to obtain the CatBoost first-level model;

Use the decision tree algorithm to model the training set and test set, so as to obtain the decision tree first-level model;

Use the CatBoost first-level model and the decision tree first-level model to predict the test set to obtain the prediction results;

The predicted results are used to build a secondary model through the support vector machine modeling algorithm, and the test set is used to iteratively fit the secondary model with mean square error to obtain an optimized secondary model.

The optimized two-level model in the present invention divides the tide level range data through the preset division ratio, and divides the open channel gate instruction data to prevent over-fitting, verify the ability of the model and improve the reliability of the model, thereby obtaining the training set and the test set. Use the CatBoost algorithm to model the training set and test set. The CatBoost algorithm can effectively reduce the risk of overfitting, can automatically tune parameters, and has the advantages of high prediction accuracy, thus obtaining the CatBoost first-level model. The decision tree algorithm is used to model the training set and the test set. The decision tree algorithm can effectively select features, improve the accuracy and efficiency of the model, and effectively reduce the influence of noise data, thereby obtaining the first-level model of the decision tree. The first-level model of CatBoost and the first-level decision tree model are used to predict the test set, so as to obtain the prediction results. Use the prediction results to model through the linear regression method to build a secondary model, use the CatBoost primary model and the decision tree primary model to predict the prediction results of the test set as features to train the secondary vector machine model, and use a single model Compared with , this ensemble learning technique can bring better accuracy and robustness. Using the test set to perform iterative mean square error fitting on the second-level model to obtain an optimized second-level model, using the test set to perform iterative mean square error fitting on the second-level model can effectively optimize the prediction performance of the model and improve the generality of the model. capacity and evaluate the predictive performance of the model.

Optionally, this specification also provides an open channel flow measurement system based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array, including:

at least one processor; and,

memory communicatively coupled to at least one processor; wherein,

The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by at least one processor, so that at least one processor can execute any one of the methods for measuring open channel flow based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array described above.

An open channel flow measurement system based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array in the present invention, the system can realize any open channel flow measurement method based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array in the present invention, and is used as a medium for combining operation and signal transmission between various devices , in order to complete the open channel flow measurement method based on the multi-channel ultrasonic array, the internal structure of the system cooperates with each other, so as to improve the control and application of the water conservancy open channel gate, and realize the intelligent control of the water conservancy open channel gate.

Description of drawings

Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of a non-limiting implementation made with reference to the following drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the steps of an open channel flow measurement method based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the detailed implementation steps of step S1 in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic flow chart of the detailed implementation steps of step S6 in the present invention;

The realization of the purpose of the present invention, functional characteristics and advantages will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed ways

The following is a clear and complete description of the technical method of the patent of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus repeated descriptions thereof will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities. The functional entities may be implemented in software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different network and/or processor methods and/or microcontroller methods.

It will be understood that although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Please refer to FIG. 1, the present invention provides a method for measuring open channel flow based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array. In this example, the method for measuring open channel flow based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array includes the following steps:

Step S1: Using a liquid level measuring device to measure the liquid to be tested, so as to obtain liquid level data;

In the embodiments of the present invention, liquid level measuring equipment is used to measure the liquid to be measured, thereby obtaining liquid level data, and performing data cleaning on the liquid level data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data.

Step S2: Obtain the structural data of the open channel gate, obtain the stratified flow velocity data of the open channel gate through a multi-channel ultrasonic velocity measurement device, and calculate the stratified velocity data and liquid level data of the open channel gate to obtain the open channel flow data; according to the structural data of the open channel gate, Open channel gate layered velocity data, open channel flow data and liquid level data construct the open channel gate switch formula, where the open channel gate switch formula is specifically:

;

is the open channel gate threshold, /> is the liquid level value at the front side of the open channel gate, /> is the liquid level value on the back side of the open channel gate, /> is the weight of the open channel gate, /> is the open channel gate volume, /> is the open channel flow value;

In the embodiment of the present invention, multiple sets of ultrasonic flow velocity measurement devices are used to obtain the layered flow velocity data of the open channel gate; the open channel gate is measured to obtain the structure data of the open channel gate, and the multi-channel ultrasonic flow velocity measurement device is used to obtain the layered flow velocity data of the open channel gate, through the Manning formula Calculate open channel gate layered velocity data and liquid level data to obtain open channel flow data; construct open channel gate switch formula and open channel gate switch formula based on open channel gate structure data, open channel gate layered velocity data, open channel flow data and liquid level data The liquid level value on the front side of the open channel gate that affects the open channel gate threshold is fully considered , the liquid level value on the back side of the open channel gate /> , open channel gate weight /> , open channel gate volume /> and open channel flow values/> , forming a /> The function relationship of the open channel gate is realized by using the liquid level value on the front side of the open channel gate, the liquid level value on the back side of the open channel gate, the weight of the open channel gate, the volume of the open channel gate and the stratified flow velocity of the open channel gate to calculate the threshold value of the open channel gate, and construct the open channel gate switch The formula can control the opening and closing of the open channel gate more accurately, and improve the sensitivity and precision of the open channel gate.

Step S3: Obtain historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data, and calculate the historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data, so as to obtain the open channel gate historical data set;

In this embodiment, the historical hydrological data and the open channel gate history switch data are obtained by searching the database, and the historical hydrological data and the open channel gate historical switch data are cleaned to ensure the integrity of the data. Open and close data are calculated to obtain the historical data set of open channel gates.

Step S4: Construct an open channel gate intelligent switch model according to the open channel gate switch formula and use the open channel gate historical data set;

In this embodiment, an open channel gate intelligent switch model is constructed according to the open channel gate switch formula and the open channel gate historical data set, and parameters are optimized and adjusted for the open channel gate intelligent switch model.

Step S5: Obtain real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate stratified flow velocity data, and calculate the real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate stratified velocity data to obtain open channel gate instruction data;

In this embodiment, the real-time liquid level data is obtained by the liquid level measuring equipment, and the real-time open channel gate stratified flow velocity data is obtained by multiple sets of ultrasonic velocity measuring devices, and the real-time liquid level data and the real-time open channel gate stratified velocity data are calculated to obtain the open channel Gate instruction data.

Step S6: Calculate according to the open channel gate instruction data, so as to obtain the open channel gate opening mode, and send it to the open channel gate control module to execute the open channel gate operation operation.

In this embodiment, the open channel gate instruction data is classified and calculated to obtain the open channel gate opening mode; the open channel gate opening mode is transmitted to the open channel gate control module through data, and the open channel gate control module issues commands to the open channel gate to execute the open channel gate operation Operation.

The invention uses liquid level measuring equipment to measure the liquid to be measured, and using the liquid level measuring equipment to measure the liquid to be measured can reduce the workload of manual measurement, improve work efficiency, reduce operational risks, and increase the accuracy and authenticity of liquid level data To obtain the liquid level data; obtain the structure data of the open channel gate, obtain the stratified flow velocity data of the open channel gate through the multi-channel ultrasonic velocity measurement device, and calculate the stratified velocity data and liquid level data of the open channel gate to obtain the open channel flow data; Open channel gate structure data, open channel gate layered velocity data, open channel flow data and liquid level data construct open channel gate switch formula, and constructing open channel gate switch formula can improve the control accuracy and stability of open channel gate, so as to obtain the open channel gate switch formula; Historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data are calculated by historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data to obtain the open channel gate historical data set. The open channel gate historical data set can provide reference for the intelligent water conservancy open channel gate control system, thereby improving The accuracy and efficiency of the system; according to the open channel gate switch formula and the open channel gate historical data set to build the open channel gate intelligent switch model, the open channel gate intelligent switch model can build a more accurate and stable The mathematical model can better predict the control state of the open channel gate in the current hydrological environment, and avoid the impact of human errors and data errors on water conservancy projects; obtain real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate layered flow rate data, and improve real-time liquid level data. And real-time open channel gate layered velocity data for calculation, based on real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate layered velocity data to calculate, can get more accurate and real data, improve the accuracy of water conservancy projects, and thus obtain open channel gate instruction data; The open channel gate command data is calculated to obtain the open channel gate opening mode, which can be sent to the open channel gate control module to execute the open channel gate operation operation. Using the calculated open channel gate opening mode, the information on the sluice gate can be realized and the intelligence of water conservancy projects can be improved. , can get the best open channel gate opening mode, so as to ensure the precise control of the open channel gate, improve the stability and accuracy of the water level, reduce the workload of manual intervention, and improve the reliability and stability of the open channel gate operation.

Optionally, the sensing panel in the liquid level measuring device is specifically:

Multiple sensing areas on the sensing panel are arranged equidistantly from bottom to top. The multiple sensing areas are in one-to-one correspondence with multiple sensing capacitance conversion circuits. Each sensing area is electrically connected to the corresponding sensing capacitance conversion. Each adjacent two A liquid level measurement electrode is set between the two sensing areas, the liquid reference electrode is located at the bottom of the sensing panel, the environmental reference electrode is located at the top of the sensing panel, and is outside the liquid level measurement range, the liquid level measurement electrode and capacitance digital conversion Each liquid level measurement electrode is electrically connected to the corresponding capacitance-to-digital converter, the liquid reference electrode and the environmental reference electrode are connected to each capacitance-to-digital converter, and the sensing capacitance conversion circuit and capacitance-to-digital converter are connected to the single-chip microcomputer ;

The sensing area is a conductive surface, and it can be distinguished whether there is liquid coverage or not according to the generated sensing capacitance value;

The sensing area and the liquid level measurement electrode do not directly contact the liquid to be measured when measuring the liquid level, so as to realize isolated measurement;

The number of sensing zones on the sensing panel is determined by the liquid level range.

Each sensing area on the sensing panel in the present invention can be regarded as a capacitor, the liquid level measuring electrode is a part of another capacitor, and the liquid and environment reference electrodes are also a part of the capacitor. Because the liquid reference electrode and the environment reference electrode are fixed, their capacitance will not change, while the capacitance of the liquid level measurement electrode will change with the change of the liquid level. This sensing panel based on the principle of capacitance measurement has high precision, Fast response time and high reliability. The sensing area distinguishes whether there is liquid coverage according to the generated sensing capacitance value, which can realize the rapid and accurate judgment of the liquid level, effectively reduce the false alarm rate, reduce the misdiagnosis rate, and improve the accuracy and sensitivity of liquid level detection. The sensing area is a conductive surface, which can be applied to various liquid environments, and has the characteristics of high precision and fast response. The isolated measurement can protect the electrode and the sensing area from corrosion or damage of the liquid, improve the life and reliability of the measuring equipment, the isolated measurement does not directly contact the liquid, reduces the possibility of measurement error, and improves the accuracy and stability of the measurement sex. Verified selection of the number of sensing zones can improve the accuracy and speed of liquid level control.

Optionally, step S1 is specifically:

Step S11: After part or all of the liquid level measuring device is submerged in the liquid to be tested, the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and performs digital conversion according to the sensing capacitance value generated in the sensing area of the sensing panel to obtain the output state of the sensing area , where the output state of the sensing area includes liquid state and liquid-free state;

Step S12: According to the output state of the sensing area, the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located is obtained through discrimination processing, and the height corresponding to the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located is taken as the first-level measurement result data;

Step S13: Obtain the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode, and calculate the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode , to obtain the second-level measurement result data, wherein the second-level measurement result data is the liquid level height between the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located and the upper sensing area;

Step S14: Calculate the first-level measurement result data and the second-level measurement result data to obtain liquid level data.

As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, it is a schematic flow diagram of the detailed implementation steps of step S1 in FIG. 1. In this embodiment, step S1 includes the following steps:

Step S11: After part or all of the liquid level measuring device is submerged in the liquid to be tested, the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and performs digital conversion according to the sensing capacitance value generated in the sensing area of the sensing panel to obtain the output state of the sensing area , where the output state of the sensing area includes liquid state and liquid-free state;

In this embodiment, after part or all of the liquid level measuring device is immersed in the liquid to be tested, the detection program is started, and the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and digital conversion is performed according to the sensing capacitance value generated in the sensing area of the sensing panel, When the liquid to be tested is close to the sensing area, the sensing capacitance value will increase, and the farther the distance is, the sensing capacitance value will decrease. The sensing capacitance value is converted into a digital signal by a capacitance-to-digital converter to obtain the output state of the sensing area.

Step S12: According to the output state of the sensing area, the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located is obtained through discrimination processing, and the height corresponding to the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located is taken as the first-level measurement result data;

Step S13: Obtain the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode, and calculate the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode , to obtain the second-level measurement result data, wherein the second-level measurement result data is the liquid level height between the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located and the upper sensing area;

In this embodiment, a capacitance converter is used to digitally convert the capacitance of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance of the liquid reference electrode, and the capacitance of the environmental reference electrode, thereby obtaining the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, and the environmental reference The capacitance value of the electrode; the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are calculated by using the distance formula of the sensing area to obtain the second-level measurement result data.

Step S14: Calculate the first-level measurement result data and the second-level measurement result data to obtain liquid level data.

In this embodiment, the first-level measurement result data and the second-level measurement result data are added together to obtain the liquid level data

In the present invention, part or all of the liquid level measuring equipment is submerged in the liquid to be measured, and the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and detection from bottom to top is easier to deal with changes in liquid level than detection from top to bottom, and can detect more widely liquid level range. Digital conversion is performed according to the magnitude of the sensing capacitance generated by the sensing area in the sensing panel, so that the output state of the sensing area can be quickly, accurately and highly sensitively obtained, thereby obtaining the output state of the sensing area. According to the output state of the sensing area, the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located is obtained through discrimination processing, and the corresponding height of the sensing area where the current liquid level line is located is taken as the first-level measurement result data. Obtain the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode, calculate the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode, and obtain the first Secondary measurement result data, using the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode for calculation can correct the error in the measurement result, improve the measurement accuracy and reliability, and thus measure more accurately Liquid level height. Calculate the first-level measurement result data and the second-level measurement result data to obtain liquid level data. By calculating the first-level measurement result data and the second-level measurement result data, more accurate and reliable liquid level data can be obtained.

Optionally, step S3 is specifically:

Obtain historical hydrological data and historical opening and closing data of the open channel gate, and use the open channel gate opening and closing formula to calculate the historical hydrological data, so as to obtain the historical hydrological data of the open channel gate;

In this embodiment, the historical hydrological data and the open channel gate historical switch data are obtained by searching the database, the historical hydrological data and the open channel gate historical switch data are cleaned to ensure the integrity of the data, and the historical hydrological data is calculated using the open channel gate switch formula. Thus, the historical hydrological data of the open channel gate can be obtained.

The historical hydrological data of open channel gates and the historical opening and closing data of open channel gates are time-series merged based on chronological order to generate the historical data set of open channel gates.

In this embodiment, the historical hydrological data of the open channel gates and the time stamps of the historical opening and closing data of the open channel gates are preprocessed, and unified into a data sequence of the same time interval, and the time stamps of the historical hydrological data of the open channel gates and the historical opening and closing data of the open channel gates are aligned. Thereby merging to generate the historical data set of open channel gates.

The invention acquires historical hydrological data and open channel gate historical switch data, uses the open channel gate switch formula to calculate the historical hydrological data, and can effectively calculate the optimal value of the height and width of the open channel gate, and the optimal opening time and closing time of the open channel gate , so as to obtain the historical hydrological data of the open channel gate. The historical hydrological data of the open channel gate and the historical opening and closing data of the open channel gate are merged in time series based on the time sequence, which can better analyze the influence of hydrological conditions on the opening and closing of the open channel gate, obtain the normal operating range and abnormal conditions of the open channel gate, and improve the open channel gate. The stability, accuracy and reliability of the operation to generate a historical dataset of open channel gates.

Optionally, step S4 is specifically:

Use the open channel gate switch formula to calculate the open channel gate historical data set, so as to obtain the open channel gate switch threshold data set, in which the open channel gate switch threshold data set includes open channel gate full open threshold data, open channel gate flow blocking threshold data and open channel gate half open threshold data data;

In this embodiment, the open channel gate opening and closing formula is used to calculate the open channel gate historical data set, and the open channel gate threshold data of the open channel gate historical opening mode is obtained, thereby obtaining the open channel gate opening and closing threshold data set.

According to the open channel gate switch formula and using the open channel gate switch threshold data, the open channel gate intelligent switch model is constructed;

The open channel gate intelligent switch model is used as input data, which is input to the data analysis module, so that the data analysis module can monitor and analyze real-time data.

In this embodiment, based on the established smart switch model of the open channel gate as input data, it is input to the data analysis module to monitor and analyze the real-time data of the open channel gate in real time.

The present invention uses the open channel gate switch formula to calculate the historical data set of the open channel gate, can obtain a suitable open channel gate switch threshold data set, improves the stability and reliability of the open channel gate, avoids operating errors and equipment failures, and thus obtains the open channel gate switch Threshold dataset. According to the open channel gate switch formula and using the open channel gate switch threshold data to construct the open channel gate intelligent switch model, the construction of the open channel gate intelligent switch model can avoid the problems of misjudgment and misoperation that may exist in the traditional open channel gate switch, and improve the accuracy of the open channel gate switch. The accuracy and stability can automatically realize the opening and closing of the open channel gate, avoiding the cost of manual intervention, thereby saving costs. The automatic operation of the intelligent switch model can effectively reduce the risk of the operator and improve the safety of the operation. The open channel gate intelligent switch model is used as input data to the data analysis module, and the data analysis module can monitor and analyze real-time data, which can help monitor the occurrence of failures and hidden dangers, so as to improve the efficiency and safety of the system.

Optionally, step S6 is specifically:

Step S61: Classify and calculate the open channel gate instruction data according to the open channel gate switch threshold data, so as to obtain the open channel gate opening mode data, wherein the open channel gate opening mode data includes the open channel gate full open mode data, the open channel gate half open mode data and the open channel gate stopper stream mode data;

Step S62: Send the open channel gate opening mode data to the open channel gate control module to execute the open channel gate operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate opening modes according to the open channel gate opening mode data, wherein the open channel gate opening mode includes open channel gate full open mode, Open channel gate half-open mode and open channel gate blocking mode;

Step S63: Obtain the real-time open channel gate opening mode, and change the open channel gate opening mode when the open channel gate opening mode does not match the corresponding open channel gate opening mode data, so that the open channel gate opening mode matches the open channel gate opening mode data.

As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, it is a schematic flow chart of the detailed implementation steps of step S6 in FIG. 1. In this embodiment, step S6 includes the following steps:

Step S61: Classify and calculate the open channel gate instruction data according to the open channel gate switch threshold data, so as to obtain the open channel gate opening mode data, wherein the open channel gate opening mode data includes the open channel gate full open mode data, the open channel gate half open mode data and the open channel gate stopper stream mode data;

In this embodiment, according to the opening and closing threshold data of the open channel gate, the order data of the open channel gate is classified and calculated using the optimized two-level model, so as to obtain the opening mode data of the open channel gate.

Step S62: Send the open channel gate opening mode data to the open channel gate control module to execute the open channel gate operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate opening modes according to the open channel gate opening mode data, wherein the open channel gate opening mode includes open channel gate full open mode, Open channel gate half-open mode and open channel gate blocking mode;

In this embodiment, the open channel gate opening mode data is sent to the open channel gate control module, and the open channel gate control module issues an open mode command to the open channel gate according to the open channel gate opening mode data, so that the open channel gate executes the open mode.

Step S63: Obtain the real-time open channel gate opening mode, and change the open channel gate opening mode when the open channel gate opening mode does not match the corresponding open channel gate opening mode data, so that the open channel gate opening mode matches the open channel gate opening mode data.

In this embodiment, the real-time open channel gate opening mode is acquired through the sensor installed on the open channel gate, and whether the open channel gate opening mode is detected to match the open channel gate opening mode data, and when the open channel gate opening mode is inconsistent with the corresponding open channel gate opening mode data , changing the open channel gate opening mode through the open channel gate control module, so that the open channel gate opening mode matches the open channel gate opening mode data.

The present invention classifies and calculates open channel gate instruction data according to open channel gate switch threshold data, thereby obtaining open channel gate opening mode data, can obtain water flow conditions under different opening modes, and then determine the best opening mode, and can improve the service life of the open channel gate , prolong the maintenance cycle of equipment, and reduce the failure of open channel gates. The open channel gate opening mode data is sent to the open channel gate control module to execute the open channel gate operation operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate opening modes according to the open channel gate opening mode data. Obtain the real-time open channel gate opening mode, and change the open channel gate open mode when the open channel gate open mode does not match the corresponding open channel gate open mode data, so that the open channel gate open mode matches the open mode data, and obtain real-time open channel gate open Mode and making appropriate adjustments can ensure that the equipment works in an appropriate mode and improve the stability and reliability of the equipment. The appropriate opening mode can make the equipment work more efficiently, save resources and costs, and change the open channel gate opening mode to adapt to The current working state can maximize the efficiency of the equipment.

Optionally, step S12 specifically includes the following steps:

Detect the output state of the sensing area from bottom to top until it detects that the output state of two consecutive sensing areas is a liquid-free state, thereby obtaining the liquid level sensing area;

In this embodiment, the sensing panel detects the output state of the sensing area from bottom to top until it detects that the output states of two consecutive sensing areas are in the liquid-free state, thereby obtaining the liquid level sensing area.

Continue to detect the output state of the sensing area above the liquid level sensing area; if it is detected that the output state of the sensing area is no liquid, then it is judged that the current liquid level is located in the liquid level sensing area, and the liquid level sensing area is located in the liquid level sensing area. The height of the sensing area below is used as the first-level measurement result data.

In this embodiment, continue to detect the output state of the sensing area above the liquid level sensing area; if it is detected that the output state of the sensing area is no liquid, then it is judged that the current liquid level is located in the liquid level sensing area, and the liquid The sensing height below which the position sensing area is located is used as the first-level measurement result data. The detection also takes into account the misleading treatment. If the output state of one or more sensing areas in the middle is a liquid-free state, and the output states of all the sensing areas below the sensing area and the continuous multiple sensing areas above are in a liquid state, then Judging that the current liquid level line is above the sensing area, and skipping the sensing area to continue searching; if there are one or more sensing areas in the middle, the output status is liquid state, and there are multiple sensing areas below the sensing area and the upper If the output states of multiple consecutive sensing areas are all liquid-free, it is judged that the current liquid level line is below the sensing area.

The invention detects the output state of the sensing area from bottom to top until it detects that the output state of two consecutive sensing areas is an anhydrous state, and the output state of two consecutive sensing areas passed through detection is an anhydrous state, which can eliminate the output state of a single sensing area errors, thereby improving reliability, resulting in a liquid level sensing area. Continue to detect the output state of the sensing area above the liquid level sensing area; if it is detected that the output state of the sensing area is no liquid, then it is judged that the current liquid level is located in the liquid level sensing area, and the liquid level sensing area is located in the liquid level sensing area. The height of the sensing area below is used as the first-level measurement result data. Using multi-level measurement, the height of the sensing area located below the liquid level sensing area is used as the first-level measurement result data, which can not only reduce the error, but also improve the accuracy and accuracy of the measurement. Accuracy, so as to measure the height of the liquid level more accurately.

Optionally, the calculation of the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode in step S13 is specifically:

According to the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode, the distance formula of the sensing area is constructed, and the formula of the distance of the sensing area is specifically:

;

in, is the sensing area distance, /> Measure the capacitance value of the electrode for the liquid level of the current liquid level line, /> Capacitance value of the electrode for level measurement in the absence of liquid to be measured, /> is the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, /> is the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode, /> is the conversion factor;

The sensing area distance formula in the present invention fully considers the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode of the current liquid level line that affects the sensing area distance , the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode when there is no liquid to be measured /> , the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode , the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode /> , forming a /> The functional relationship of the current liquid level line, the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode when there is no liquid to be measured, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode are used to calculate the sensing area. distance, and pass the conversion factor /> The introduction of the conversion coefficient can be properly adjusted according to the type of liquid to be measured, and the applicability of the conversion coefficient can be further improved. This formula takes into account the influence of different liquids on the electrode capacitance value, and is suitable for the measurement of various liquids, which can effectively increase the distance of the sensing area. accuracy and authenticity.

The capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode are calculated by using the distance formula of the sensing area to obtain the distance of the sensing area, and the distance of the sensing area is used as the second-level measurement result data.

According to the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode, the invention constructs the distance formula of the sensing area, and the construction of the distance formula of the sensing area can eliminate the influence of factors such as electrodes, liquid, and the environment on the capacitance, and reduce the Small error, improve the accuracy of liquid level measurement. Use the distance formula of the sensing area to calculate the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environmental reference electrode to obtain the distance of the sensing area, and use the distance of the sensing area as the second-level measurement result data. As the second-level measurement result data, the zone distance can avoid the influence of unstable factors in the capacitance measurement on the measurement result, so as to obtain a more stable measurement signal.

Optionally, the classification calculation in step S61 is to use the optimized secondary model to perform classification calculation, wherein the construction method of the optimized secondary model includes the following steps:

Divide the open channel gate command data by a preset division ratio to obtain a training set and a test set;

In the embodiment of the present invention, the open channel gate instruction data is divided by a division ratio of 8:2, so as to obtain a training set and a test set.

Use the CatBoost algorithm to model the training set and test set to obtain the CatBoost first-level model;

Use the decision tree algorithm to model the training set and test set, so as to obtain the decision tree first-level model;

Use the CatBoost first-level model and the decision tree first-level model to predict the test set to obtain the prediction results;

The predicted results are used to build a secondary model through the support vector machine modeling algorithm, and the test set is used to iteratively fit the secondary model with mean square error to obtain an optimized secondary model.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the prediction result is used as input, and the support vector machine modeling algorithm is used for modeling to construct a secondary model, and the secondary model is used to iteratively mean square error fitting the secondary model, that is, to evaluate on the test set The fitting effect at this time is obtained to optimize the second-level model, so as to obtain the optimized second-level model.

The optimized two-level model in the present invention divides the tide level range data through the preset division ratio, and divides the open channel gate instruction data to prevent over-fitting, verify the ability of the model and improve the reliability of the model, thereby obtaining the training set and the test set. Use the CatBoost algorithm to model the training set and test set. The CatBoost algorithm can effectively reduce the risk of overfitting, can automatically tune parameters, and has the advantages of high prediction accuracy, thus obtaining the CatBoost first-level model. The decision tree algorithm is used to model the training set and the test set. The decision tree algorithm can effectively select features, improve the accuracy and efficiency of the model, and effectively reduce the influence of noise data, thereby obtaining the first-level model of the decision tree. The first-level model of CatBoost and the first-level decision tree model are used to predict the test set, so as to obtain the prediction results. Use the prediction results to model through the linear regression method to build a secondary model, use the CatBoost primary model and the decision tree primary model to predict the prediction results of the test set as features to train the secondary vector machine model, and use a single model Compared with , this ensemble learning technique can bring better accuracy and robustness. Using the test set to perform iterative mean square error fitting on the second-level model to obtain an optimized second-level model, using the test set to perform iterative mean square error fitting on the second-level model can effectively optimize the prediction performance of the model and improve the generality of the model. capacity and evaluate the predictive performance of the model.

Optionally, this specification also provides an open channel flow measurement system based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array, including:

at least one processor; and,

memory communicatively coupled to at least one processor; wherein,

The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by at least one processor, so that at least one processor can execute any one of the methods for measuring open channel flow based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array described above.

An open channel flow measurement system based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array in the present invention, the system can realize any open channel flow measurement method based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array in the present invention, and is used as a medium for combining operation and signal transmission between various devices , in order to complete the open channel flow measurement method based on the multi-channel ultrasonic array, the internal structure of the system cooperates with each other, so as to improve the control and application of the water conservancy open channel gate, and realize the intelligent control of the water conservancy open channel gate.

Accordingly, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and not restrictive in any respect, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention.

The above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the invention herein.

Claims (10)

1. The open channel flow measurement method based on the multichannel ultrasonic array is characterized in that a multichannel ultrasonic flow velocity measurement device is applied, and the multichannel ultrasonic flow velocity measurement device comprises an ultrasonic sensor; the liquid level measuring device comprises a shell, an induction panel, a data transmission module, a power supply battery and a single chip microcomputer, wherein the induction panel, the single chip microcomputer, the data transmission module and the power supply battery are arranged in the shell; the shell is used for protecting equipment; the sensing panel comprises a plurality of sensing areas, a plurality of sensing capacitance conversion circuits, a liquid level measuring electrode, a liquid reference electrode, an environment reference electrode and a capacitance-to-digital converter, and the data transmission module is used for realizing communication between the liquid level measuring equipment and the data server, so that the liquid level measuring equipment transmits measured data to the data server through a wireless network; the power supply battery is used for supplying power to the liquid level measurement equipment; the single chip microcomputer is of a 32-bit processor architecture and is used for collecting, processing and transmitting liquid level data, and analog signals collected by the induction panel are converted into digital signals through a built-in capacitance-digital converter; the open channel flow measurement method based on the multichannel ultrasonic array comprises the following steps:

Step S1: measuring the liquid to be measured by using liquid level measuring equipment so as to obtain liquid level data;

step S2: acquiring open channel gate structure data, acquiring open channel gate layering flow rate data through a multichannel ultrasonic flow rate measuring device, and calculating the open channel gate layering flow rate data and liquid level data so as to acquire open channel flow rate data; constructing an open channel gate switching formula according to the open channel gate structure data, the open channel gate layering flow rate data, the open channel flow rate data and the liquid level data, wherein the open channel gate switching formula specifically comprises:

；

is an open channel gate threshold value->Is the liquid level value of the front side of the open channel gate, < + >>Is the liquid level value of the back side of the open channel gate, < + >>Is the weight of the open channel gate>For the volume of open channel gate->Is the open channel flow value;

step S3: acquiring historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switch data, and calculating the historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data so as to obtain an open channel gate historical data set;

step S4: constructing an intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate according to the open channel gate open-close formula and the open channel gate historical data set;

step S5: acquiring real-time liquid level data and real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data, and calculating the real-time liquid level data and the real-time open channel gate layering flow rate data so as to obtain open channel gate instruction data;

Step S6: and calculating according to the open channel gate instruction data, so as to obtain an open channel gate mode, and sending the open channel gate mode to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein a plurality of sensing areas on the sensing panel are sequentially and equidistantly arranged from bottom to top, the sensing areas are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of sensing capacitance conversion circuits, each sensing area is electrically connected with a corresponding sensing capacitance conversion circuit, a liquid level measuring electrode is arranged between every two adjacent sensing areas, a liquid reference electrode is positioned at the bottom of the sensing panel, an environment reference electrode is positioned at the top of the sensing panel and is positioned at a position outside a liquid level measuring range, the liquid level measuring electrode corresponds to a capacitance digital converter, each liquid level measuring electrode is electrically connected with a corresponding capacitance digital converter, the liquid reference electrode and the environment reference electrode are both connected with each capacitance digital converter, and the sensing capacitance conversion circuits and the capacitance digital converters are both connected with the singlechip;

the sensing area is a conductive surface, and whether liquid coverage exists or not can be distinguished according to the magnitude of the generated sensing capacitance value;

the sensing area and the liquid level measuring electrode are not in direct contact with the liquid to be measured when the liquid level is measured, so that isolated measurement is realized;

The number of sensing areas on the sensing panel is determined by the level range.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein step S1 is specifically:

step S11: after the liquid level measuring equipment is partially or completely immersed in the liquid to be measured, the sensing panel detects the liquid to be measured from bottom to top, and digital conversion is carried out according to the magnitude of a sensing capacitance value generated by a sensing area in the sensing panel, so that an output state of the sensing area is obtained, wherein the output state of the sensing area comprises a liquid state and a non-liquid state;

step S12: obtaining an induction zone where a current liquid level line is located through discrimination processing according to the output state of the induction zone, and taking the corresponding height of the induction zone where the current liquid level line is located as first-stage measurement result data;

step S13: acquiring a capacitance value of a liquid level measurement electrode, a capacitance value of a liquid reference electrode and a capacitance value of an environment reference electrode, and calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measurement electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode to obtain second-stage measurement result data, wherein the second-stage measurement result data is the liquid level height between a sensing area where a current liquid level line is located and a sensing area above the current liquid level line;

step S14: and calculating the first-stage measurement result data and the second-stage measurement result data so as to obtain liquid level data.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein step S3 is specifically:

acquiring historical hydrologic data and open channel gate historical switching data, and calculating the historical hydrologic data by using an open channel gate switching formula so as to obtain the open channel gate historical hydrologic data;

the open channel gate historical hydrologic data and the open channel gate historical switch data are time-sequentially combined based on a time sequence, so that an open channel gate historical data set is generated.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein step S4 is specifically:

calculating an open channel gate historical data set by using an open channel gate switching formula so as to obtain an open channel gate switching threshold data set, wherein the open channel gate switching threshold data set comprises open channel gate full-open threshold data, open channel gate flow blocking threshold data and open channel gate half-open threshold data;

constructing an intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate by utilizing an open channel gate opening and closing threshold data set according to an open channel gate opening and closing formula;

and the intelligent open-close model of the open channel gate is used as input data and is input into a data analysis module, so that the data analysis module monitors and analyzes the real-time data.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein step S6 is specifically:

Step S61: classifying and calculating the open channel gate instruction data according to the open channel gate switch threshold data set so as to obtain open channel gate mode data, wherein the open channel gate mode data comprise open channel gate full-open mode data, open channel gate half-open mode data and open channel gate flow blocking mode data;

step S62: transmitting the open mode data of the open channel gate to an open channel gate control module to execute open channel gate operation, so that the open channel gate uses different open channel gate open modes according to the open channel gate open mode data, wherein the open channel gate open modes comprise an open channel gate full open mode, an open channel gate half open mode and an open channel gate flow blocking mode;

step S63: acquiring a real-time open mode of the open channel gate, and changing the open channel gate mode when the open channel gate mode is inconsistent with the corresponding open channel gate mode data, so that the open channel gate mode is matched with the open channel gate mode data.

7. A method according to claim 3, wherein step S12 comprises the steps of:

detecting the output states of the sensing areas from bottom to top until detecting that the output states of two consecutive sensing areas are liquid-free states, thereby obtaining liquid level sensing areas;

Continuously detecting the output state of the sensing area upwards above the liquid level sensing area; if the sensing area output states are all liquid-free states, judging that the current liquid level is located in the liquid level sensing area, and taking the height of the sensing area below the liquid level sensing area as first-stage measurement result data.

8. A method according to claim 3, wherein the calculation of the capacitance of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance of the ambient reference electrode in step S13 is specifically:

constructing an induction area distance formula according to the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode, wherein the induction area distance formula specifically comprises:

；

wherein ,for the distance of the sensing area>Capacitance value of the level measuring electrode for the current level line, +.>For the capacitance value of the level measuring electrode without the liquid to be measured +.>For the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode, +.>Is the capacitance value of the ambient reference electrode,is a conversion coefficient;

and calculating the capacitance value of the liquid level measuring electrode, the capacitance value of the liquid reference electrode and the capacitance value of the environment reference electrode by using an induction area distance formula to obtain an induction area distance, and taking the induction area distance as second-stage measuring result data.

9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the classification calculation in step S61 is a classification calculation using an optimized secondary model, wherein the construction method of the optimized secondary model comprises the steps of:

dividing open channel gate instruction data according to a preset dividing proportion, so as to obtain a training set and a testing set;

modeling a training set and a testing set by using a Catboost algorithm, so as to obtain a Catboost primary model;

modeling the training set and the testing set by utilizing a decision tree algorithm, so as to obtain a decision tree primary model;

predicting the test set by using the Catboost primary model and the decision tree primary model, thereby obtaining a prediction result;

modeling is carried out through a support vector machine modeling algorithm by utilizing a prediction result, so that a secondary model is constructed, and iterative mean square error fitting is carried out on the secondary model by utilizing a test set, so that an optimized secondary model is obtained.

10. An open channel flow measurement system based on a multi-channel ultrasonic array, comprising:

at least one processor; the method comprises the steps of,

a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,

the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the multichannel ultrasound array-based open channel flow measurement method of any one of claims 1 to 9.