CN116320910B - An underwater very low frequency sound source based on a moving coil drive mechanism - Google Patents
An underwater very low frequency sound source based on a moving coil drive mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN116320910B CN116320910B CN202310241973.3A CN202310241973A CN116320910B CN 116320910 B CN116320910 B CN 116320910B CN 202310241973 A CN202310241973 A CN 202310241973A CN 116320910 B CN116320910 B CN 116320910B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
- H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
- H04R9/027—Air gaps using a magnetic fluid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/02—Details
- H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及甚低频声源领域，特别涉及一种基于动圈式驱动机理实现的水下甚低频声源。本发明的水下甚低频声源主要部件包括甚低频发射模块和压力补偿模块。甚低频发射模块中，辐射面采用平面铝板设计；采用了大尺寸高效率的磁路，采用复合材料作为动筒骨架，结构强度不影响情况下，耐高温且轻质量；驱动线圈采用两组线圈上下分别绕制而成，并联连接，使得声源的阻抗较小。压力补偿模块目前通常采用不同容积的气囊或皮囊实现压力补偿功能，气囊设计容积大小决定了水下甚低频声源的工作深度的极限，目前最大工作水深为100m，亦可根据用户对声源尺寸、使用方式或工作深度等不同需要，确定水下甚低频声源压力补偿模块的结构设计。
The present invention relates to the field of very low frequency sound sources, and in particular to an underwater very low frequency sound source based on a moving coil drive mechanism. The main components of the underwater very low frequency sound source of the present invention include a very low frequency transmitting module and a pressure compensation module. In the very low frequency transmitting module, the radiation surface adopts a flat aluminum plate design; a large-size and high-efficiency magnetic circuit is adopted, and a composite material is used as the dynamic cylinder skeleton. The structural strength is not affected, and it is resistant to high temperature and light in weight; the driving coil is made of two groups of coils wound up and down respectively, and connected in parallel, so that the impedance of the sound source is small. The pressure compensation module currently usually adopts air bags or leather bags of different volumes to realize the pressure compensation function. The design volume of the air bag determines the limit of the working depth of the underwater very low frequency sound source. The current maximum working depth is 100m. The structural design of the underwater very low frequency sound source pressure compensation module can also be determined according to the user's different needs for the sound source size, usage or working depth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of very low frequency sound sources, in particular to an underwater very low frequency sound source realized based on a moving coil type driving mechanism.
Background
Along with the development of the underwater sound engineering discipline and the expression of the future survival importance of the ocean to human beings, the very low frequency sound wave with the advantage of propagation distance is highlighted to have very important application value in the fields of ocean research, resource development, military and the like. Very low frequency (VLF, very low frequency) refers to a frequency band below 1000Hz.
In the field of marine research, low frequency broadband emission sound sources are indispensable research tools. The low-frequency broadband emission sound source is used for emitting sound waves, and the ocean acoustic tomography technology can be used for observing the temperature field and the flow velocity field of the seawater in a wide sea area to obtain an image of dynamic change of the sea area. The ocean acoustic temperature measurement can be further carried out by utilizing the low-frequency broadband emission sound source, the average value of sound velocity change on the acoustic propagation path can be measured by emitting the low-frequency broadband emission sound source capable of being propagated in a long distance, the average value of sea water temperature on the propagation path can be obtained, and the earth atmospheric circulation change can be calculated according to the temperature rise of sea water.
In the traditional military application field, the low-frequency broadband emission sound source has unique application prospect. In submarine communication, the advantage of long propagation distance of a low-frequency broadband emission sound source is very suitable for being used as a carrier for information exchange with a submarine, and in anti-mine operation, advanced mine is cleaned, and an advanced sound mine sweeping device with an acoustic mine sweeping function is indispensable. The low-frequency broadband emission sound source is the most important component of acoustic mine sweeping and is used for simulating the 'voiceprint' of a ship, and in the application of passive sonar operator training, a sonar training simulator adopts a sound source combination which contains the low-frequency broadband emission sound source and can perform full-frequency band emission at different depths to simulate signals emitted by various submarines. The aim of training the operator is achieved by carrying out actual discrimination by the sonar operator. The sonar training simulator has the most remarkable characteristics of high training efficiency-cost ratio, is close to actual combat requirements, and is used as a low-frequency broadband emission sound source of one of core equipment to play a role in importance. The application in the audio test system requires a broadband calibration system with low-frequency broadband emission capability to calibrate the hydrophone, so that the accuracy and reliability of the performance index of the hydrophone which is a passive sonar core component element after the production is completed are ensured.
With the further development of the low-frequency broadband emission sound source technology, the technology application is further expanded, the regional marine environment noise can be improved in the anti-underwater sound detection operation, the shielding is provided for submarine travel, and the low-frequency broadband emission sound source can also be used as regional protection equipment to prevent small targets such as frogmans from coming.
1. Foreign study conditions
The same type of low-frequency broadband emission sound source provides UW series electric very low-frequency sound sources for the Difei corporation, the UW series electric very low-frequency sound sources comprise two types of UW350 and UW600, the working frequency range of the UW350 electric very low-frequency sound source is 20 Hz-20 kHz, the maximum sound source level is 165dB, the maximum working depth is 188 meters, the working frequency range of the UW600 electric very low-frequency sound source is 4 Hz-900 Hz, the maximum sound source level is 185dB, and the maximum working depth is 200 meters.
2. Domestic research situation
In the aspect of development of an electric very low frequency sound source, the existing mature electric very low frequency sound source in China has the sound source working frequency range of 10 Hz-2 kHz, the maximum average sound source level is more than or equal to 160dB, and the maximum working depth is 300m.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an underwater very low frequency sound source based on a moving coil driving mechanism.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides an underwater very low frequency sound source realized based on a moving coil type driving mechanism, which comprises a very low frequency emission module, wherein the very low frequency emission module comprises a hollow cylinder shell with two open sides, a magnetic conduction structure, a magnet, a moving coil type linear driving structure and a radiation surface structure which is designed and formed by adopting a metal plane plate and is arranged on an opening surface of the shell;
the magnetic conduction structure is a hollow cylinder matched with the inside of the shell cylinder, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the hollow cylinder are provided with magnetic gaps in the shape of annular cylinders;
The magnet is arranged in the center of the inside of the magnetic conduction structure and forms an annular cylinder-shaped air cavity with the magnetic conduction structure;
The moving coil type linear driving structure comprises an annular cylinder coil framework, a coil winding and an elastic structure;
The coil framework is made of non-magnetic conductive materials and is fixedly connected with the radiating surface structure into a whole and is used for driving the radiating surface structure to vibrate by penetrating through the magnetic gap and the air cavity in the shape of the annular cylinder;
the coil winding is formed by respectively winding an upper coil and a lower coil into a coil framework, and the two coils are connected in parallel and are respectively positioned at magnetic gaps of the magnetic conduction structure;
The elastic structure adopts a plurality of groups of springs to be arranged in parallel, is arranged between the coil framework and the radiation surface structure and is used for controlling the vibration of the coil framework.
As one of the improvement of the technical scheme, the material of the magnetic conduction structure is pure iron, and the magnet is a permanent magnet made of neodymium iron boron.
As one of the improvements of the above technical scheme, the coil skeleton and the radiating surface structure are fixedly connected into a whole through screws.
As one of the improvements of the technical scheme, the elastic structure comprises a plurality of springs, a plurality of guide posts and a spring supporting plate;
The spring support plate is fixed on one circle of inner wall of the coil framework;
Each guide post passes through an opening in the spring support plate and is fixed on the surface of the magnetic conduction structure;
Each spring is sleeved on the guide post and used for adjusting the vibration of the coil framework.
As one of the improvements of the technical scheme, the guide post is in a straight line shape or a T shape;
when the guide post is in a straight line, the spring is arranged between the spring support plate and the magnetic conduction structure;
When the guide post is T-shaped, the spring is installed between the top of the T-shaped guide post and the spring support plate.
As one of the improvements of the above technical scheme, the upper and lower group of coils of the coil winding are respectively connected with a lead wire.
As one of the improvements of the technical scheme, the other opening surface of the shell is provided with a mounting base for mounting and fixing the magnetic conduction structure, and the center of the mounting base, the centers of the two surfaces of the magnetic conduction structure and the center of the magnet are all opened to form a gas channel.
As one of the improvements of the above technical solutions, the bottom of the mounting base is provided with an annular groove in the shape of an annular cylinder, which is used for providing a vibration space for the coil bobbin.
As one of the improvement of the technical scheme, the very low frequency emission module further comprises a connecting plate, and the connecting plate is provided with a vent communicated with the gas channel.
The sound source further comprises a pressure compensation module, the pressure compensation module comprises an air bag protection outer cylinder and an air bag, the air bag is communicated with the very low frequency emission module through an air port and used for realizing pressure compensation, and the top end of the magnetic conduction structure is provided with an air supplementing port used for supplementing air for the air bag of the pressure compensation module. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the radiation surface is formed by adopting a planar aluminum plate design;
2. the composite material is adopted as the movable cylinder framework, and the structure strength is high-temperature resistant and light in weight under the condition of no influence;
3. The driving coil is formed by winding two groups of coils up and down respectively and is connected in parallel, so that the impedance of a sound source is smaller, the current mature power amplifier is easy to match, and the design volume and the weight of the driving power amplifier of the sound source are small;
4. the spring structure adopts a structure form that a plurality of groups of springs are connected in parallel and uniformly arranged respectively, so that the stability of the axial work of the radiation surface is improved;
5. In order to improve the magnetic flux density in the air gap field of the magnetic circuit, a permanent magnet made of a large-diameter large-size high-performance neodymium iron boron material is adopted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an underwater very low frequency sound source;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the sound source radiation surface;
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the radiating surface structure and the coil bobbin after being fixedly connected into a whole by screws.
Drawing reference numerals
1. Radiation surface structure 2, spring 3, lead 4 and air supplementing port
5. Magnet 6, coil skeleton 7, coil winding 8, magnetic conduction structure
9. Outer casing 10, vent 11, airbag 12, and airbag protection outer cylinder
13. Mounting base 14, guide post 15, spring support plate 16, and elastic structure
17. Connecting plate
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The main components of the underwater very low frequency sound source in a new structural form realized based on a moving coil driving mechanism are a very low frequency transmitting module and a pressure compensating module. As shown in FIG. 1, the system is an underwater very low frequency sound source structure diagram and comprises a very low frequency transmitting module and a pressure compensating module. The radiating surface panel 1 is formed by processing a plane plate and is fixedly connected with the coil framework 6 into a whole through screws, the elastic component is a pressure spring 2, the elastic component is arranged on the guide post 14, the coil winding position of the coil framework 6 is positioned at a magnetic gap through installing the same number of springs on the upper and lower parts respectively, the lead 3 is an output line of two groups of coils on the coil winding, the air supplementing port 4 is an air bag air supplementing port of a pressure compensation module, the magnet 5 is a customized neodymium iron boron magnet, the coil framework 6 is connected with the radiating surface panel, the framework is wound with two copper wire windings, the coil winding 7, the magnetic conduction structure 8 is pure iron, particularly DT4 electric pure iron, the shell 9 is a structure for fixing an electromagnetic pure iron structure, the air port 10 is an air port of the very low frequency emission module and the pressure compensation module, the very low frequency emission module is a core module, the pressure compensation module comprises a radiating surface, a moving coil type linear driving structure and the like, the pressure compensation module generally adopts air bags or rubber bags with different volumes at present, the air bag design volume determines the limit of working depth of an underwater very low frequency sound source, the maximum working depth is 100m at present, and the very low frequency compensation structure can be designed according to the size, the working depth of the sound source or the service mode of the user and the like. The other opening surface of the shell 9 is provided with a mounting base 13 for mounting and fixing the magnetic conduction structure 8, and the center of the mounting base 13, the centers of the two surfaces of the magnetic conduction structure 8 and the center opening of the magnet 5 form a gas channel. The bottom of the mounting base 13 is provided with an annular groove in the shape of an annular cylinder for providing a vibration space for the bobbin 6. The very low frequency emission module also comprises a connecting plate 17, and the connecting plate 17 is provided with a vent 10 communicated with the gas channel. The pressure compensation module comprises an air bag protection outer barrel 12 and an air bag 11, wherein the air bag 11 is communicated with the very low frequency emission module through an air port 10 and is used for realizing pressure compensation, and the top end of the magnetic conduction structure 8 is provided with an air supplementing port 4 which is used for supplementing air for the air bag of the pressure compensation module. In particular, the method comprises the steps of,
1. The radiation surface is formed by adopting a plane plate design;
Aiming at the connection requirement of the radiation surface and the coil framework, the radiation surface structure adopts a planar plate structure, after the planar plate is processed and molded, the vulcanization film is designed at the same time, and after the planar plate structure and the vulcanization film are installed integrally, the processing and shaping of the radiation surface are realized on the vulcanization equipment. As shown in fig. 2, the outer edge of the radiation surface of the machined and formed planar plate is designed as a metal ring, the middle part is a metal planar plate, and the middle part is a rubber folded ring. Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the radiating surface structure and the bobbin 6 after being fixedly connected by screws.
2. The non-magnetic conductive material is adopted as the coil framework 6, so that the high temperature resistance and the light weight are realized;
In order to prevent the electromagnetic damping from affecting the internal driving force performance of the sound source, the coil framework 6 is designed by adopting a non-magnetic conductive composite material (such as nylon, carbon fiber and the like which are resistant to high temperature and easy to form), and the advantages include light weight, no electromagnetic damping and 120 ℃ resistance temperature.
3. The voice coil is formed by winding two groups of coils up and down respectively and is connected in parallel, so that the impedance of a sound source is smaller, the current mature power amplifier is easy to match, and the design volume and the weight of the driving power amplifier of the sound source are small;
4. the elastic structure 16 adopts a structure form that a plurality of groups of springs 2 are uniformly and respectively arranged in parallel, so that the stability of the axial work of the radiation surface is improved.
The overall parameters of the elastic structure 16 are determined according to the size and weight parameters of the overall radiation surface panel 1 and the coil framework 6, the design formed by the specific structure is designed to be positioned at the inner center position of the magnetic conductive pure iron according to the volume of the inner space of the sound source and the convenient requirement of sound source installation, and the springs are pressure springs.
The elastic structure 16 comprises a plurality of springs 2, a plurality of guide posts 14 and a spring supporting plate 15, wherein a plurality of openings are formed in the spring supporting plate 15, and the spring supporting plate 15 is fixed on one circle of inner wall of the coil framework 6;
Each guide post 14 passes through an opening on the spring support plate 15 and is fixed on the surface of the magnetic conduction structure 8;
Each spring 2 is fitted over a guide post 14 for adjusting the vibration of the bobbin 6.
The guide post 14 is linear or T-shaped, the spring 2 is mounted between the spring support plate 15 and the magnetically permeable structure 8 when the guide post 14 is linear, and the spring 2 is mounted between the top of the T-shaped guide post 14 and the spring support plate 15 when the guide post 14 is T-shaped.
5. In order to increase the magnetic flux density in the air gap field of the magnetic circuit, the magnet 5 is a permanent magnet made of a large-size high-performance neodymium iron boron material.
The low-frequency broadband emission sound source adopts a traditional magnetic circuit structure, the radiation surface structure 1 adopts a planar aluminum plate design, a large-size high-efficiency magnetic circuit is adopted, a composite material is adopted as a movable cylinder framework, the high-temperature resistance and the light weight are realized under the condition that the structural strength is not influenced, and the driving coil is formed by winding two groups of coils up and down respectively and is connected in parallel, so that the impedance of the sound source is smaller.
The main emission frequency range which can be realized by the novel structural form (the plate radiation surface, the coil framework, the elastic component distribution structure and the connection mode of the plate radiation surface and the coil estimation) based on the moving coil driving mechanism is the sound wave with the frequency below 1000Hz, and the novel structural form has the unique advantage of long propagation acting distance, so that the low-frequency broadband emission sound source becomes a hot spot for the research of the field of underwater sound transducers.
The application provides an underwater very low frequency sound source formed based on a traditional structural design based on a moving coil driving mechanism. The low-frequency broadband emission sound source adopts a traditional magnetic circuit structure, a radiation surface adopts a planar aluminum plate design, a large-size high-efficiency magnetic circuit is adopted, a composite material is adopted as a movable cylinder framework, the high-temperature resistance and the light weight are realized under the condition that the structural strength is not influenced, and the driving coil is formed by winding two groups of coils up and down respectively and is connected in parallel, so that the impedance of the sound source is smaller. The autonomous emission of sound by the underwater very low frequency sound source in the new structural form based on the moving coil driving mechanism is not limited to the description and the embodiments. All such equivalent changes and modifications as described in the claims are intended to be included in the present application.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
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| CN202310241973.3A CN116320910B (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | An underwater very low frequency sound source based on a moving coil drive mechanism |
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| CN202310241973.3A CN116320910B (en) | 2023-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | An underwater very low frequency sound source based on a moving coil drive mechanism |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110021285A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Double-piston electromagnetic type ultra-low frequency underwater acoustic transducer, installation method and energy-changing method |
| CN112216262A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-12 | 西安交通大学 | A superstructure underwater acoustic emission transducer |
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| GR1004325B (en) * | 2000-07-03 | 2003-09-05 | Electroacoustic tranducer with field replaceable diaphragm crrying two interlaced coils | |
| CN102075828B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2013-11-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Underwater very low frequency (VLF) broadband sound source |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110021285A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Double-piston electromagnetic type ultra-low frequency underwater acoustic transducer, installation method and energy-changing method |
| CN112216262A (en) * | 2020-10-14 | 2021-01-12 | 西安交通大学 | A superstructure underwater acoustic emission transducer |
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