CN116318689B - Method and system for improving information transmission safety of Internet of things equipment by utilizing quantum key - Google Patents
Method and system for improving information transmission safety of Internet of things equipment by utilizing quantum key Download PDFInfo
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- CN116318689B CN116318689B CN202310594984.XA CN202310594984A CN116318689B CN 116318689 B CN116318689 B CN 116318689B CN 202310594984 A CN202310594984 A CN 202310594984A CN 116318689 B CN116318689 B CN 116318689B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
- H04L9/0855—Quantum cryptography involving additional nodes, e.g. quantum relays, repeaters, intermediate nodes or remote nodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
- G16Y30/00—IoT infrastructure
- G16Y30/10—Security thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
- H04L9/3226—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using a predetermined code, e.g. password, passphrase or PIN
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for improving information transmission safety of Internet of things equipment by utilizing a quantum key, wherein a repeater receives uploading information of Internet of things terminal equipment, acquires the quantum key, performs encryption processing on the uploading information by using the quantum key to form ciphertext, and sends the ciphertext to a remote server; and the repeater adjusts the frequency of acquiring the quantum key according to the frequency change of the uploading information of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things in the period and the quantity change of the terminal equipment of the connected Internet of things. The invention adopts the repeater to bear the security task based on the quantum key, and solves the problem that the work load of the repeater is greatly fluctuated due to the great fluctuation of the number of the terminals of the Internet of things and the frequency of the terminals of the Internet of things for receiving and transmitting data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of information security, and particularly relates to a method and a system for improving information transmission security of Internet of things equipment by utilizing a quantum key.
Background
The construction and development of smart cities require a large number of internet of things devices for data acquisition and information transmission, and the information transmission safety of the internet of things devices is always a key problem. To increase the security of information transmission, the use of quantum keys can be an effective method.
Quantum key communication is an encrypted communication mode based on quantum physics, and the security is based on the special property of quantum state, namely, once the quantum state is observed or measured, the security is changed. Thus, any eavesdropping or tampering with the information is immediately discovered.
In the smart city field, quantum keys can be distributed to all the Internet of things devices by establishing a quantum key distribution network, so that information transmission among the Internet of things devices becomes safer and more reliable. The specific implementation can adopt the technologies of optical fiber communication and the like, and a quantum key distribution network with wide coverage, high transmission speed and high safety is built in the city. Before information is transmitted, the internet of things equipment encrypts the information through a quantum key encryption technology, so that confidentiality and integrity of information transmission are ensured.
In addition, in order to ensure the security of the quantum key, some additional security protection measures, such as security detection at a physical level, random number generation and other technologies, need to be adopted to avoid the quantum key from being stolen or tampered by a malicious attacker.
In a word, the quantum key technology is utilized to effectively improve the safety of information transmission of the Internet of things equipment, and important support and guarantee are provided for construction and development of smart cities. However, the use of quantum key technology to improve the information transmission security of the internet of things equipment is a very complex and challenging task, and various factors including technical complexity, cost, security protection and the like need to be comprehensively considered.
In the prior art, for example, CN201710583769.4, a network architecture of a wireless sensor network is disclosed, and an internet of things terminal includes an internet of things terminal powered by a battery and an internet of things terminal powered by a power supply. The Internet of things terminal powered by the power supply is embedded with a routing algorithm, and when the Internet of things terminal powered by a certain power supply is used as a repeater function, the embedded routing algorithm is started, so that the Internet of things terminal can serve as the Internet of things terminal and also serve as the repeater at the same time.
However, because the main function of the terminal of the internet of things is to collect and report information, the terminal of the internet of things is often miniaturized equipment, and the computing power is insufficient, the functions in the aspect of security are generally not born by the terminal of the internet of things.
The repeater is a key device connected with a plurality of internet of things devices and connected with a server system, and functions in the aspect of safety are reasonably selected by the repeater.
In the prior art, if the Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) technology is directly applied to the field of internet of things, a repeater bears the security task of quantum key distribution, and some application fields, especially the smart city field, have the following problems:
1) In the field of smart cities, the use of the internet of things terminals mainly has the problem that the number of the internet of things terminals arranged at a certain place and the frequency of the data receiving and transmitting of the internet of things terminals are greatly fluctuated. Therefore, the workload of the security task borne by the corresponding repeater is also subject to great fluctuation;
2) Once the repeater is connected with a plurality of internet of things terminals and bears the security operation of data transmitted by the plurality of internet of things terminals, the security of the repeater becomes more important, and if the repeater is broken through, the security of the whole system is greatly destroyed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a system for improving the information transmission safety of Internet of things equipment by utilizing a quantum key, wherein a repeater bears a safety task based on the quantum key, and the problems that the number of terminals of the Internet of things and the frequency of data receiving and transmitting of the terminals of the Internet of things greatly fluctuate to cause the workload of the repeater to greatly fluctuate are solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for improving information transmission security of Internet of things equipment by utilizing a quantum key comprises the following steps:
the repeater receives uploading information of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things, acquires a quantum key, performs encryption processing on the uploading information by using the quantum key to form a ciphertext, and sends the ciphertext to the remote server; and the repeater adjusts the frequency of acquiring the quantum key according to the frequency change of the uploading information of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things in the period and the quantity change of the terminal equipment of the connected Internet of things.
Further, the method for adjusting the frequency of obtaining the quantum key specifically includes:
the period is set to be a first period and a second period, and the first period is N times of the second period; recording an initial value M0 of the number of the terminal devices of the Internet of things at the starting time, an initial value L0 of the number of times of uploading information by the terminal devices of the Internet of things, and the frequency P0 of the current obtaining of the quantum key by the repeater;
when the second period expires each time, the repeater adjusts the frequency of currently obtaining the quantum key according to the frequency change of the information uploaded by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things in the current second period; and when the first period expires each time, the repeater adjusts the frequency of currently acquiring the quantum key according to the quantity change of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things connected in the current first period.
Further, the step of adjusting the frequency of obtaining the quantum key by the repeater according to the frequency change of the information uploaded by the terminal device of the internet of things in the current second period includes:
counting whether the change rate of the times L and L0 of uploading information of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things in the current second period exceeds a preset threshold value or not when the second period expires each time, if not, keeping L0 unchanged, and keeping P0 unchanged; if the rate of change of L and L0 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, l0=l is set, p0=p0× (1+1/N) if the rate of change is increasing, p0=p0× (1-1/N) if the rate of change is decreasing.
Further, the adjusting, by the repeater, the frequency of obtaining the quantum key according to the number change of the terminal devices of the internet of things connected in the current first period includes:
when the first period expires each time, counting whether the numerical variation of the number M and MO of the currently connected terminal equipment of the Internet of things exceeds a preset threshold value, if not, keeping M0 unchanged, and keeping the frequency value P0 unchanged; if exceeded, m0=m is set, if the change in value is an increase, p0=2×p0, if the change in value is a decrease, p0=p0/2.
Furthermore, the repeater is also provided with a flag bit, and the frequency of acquiring the quantum key is controlled to be fixed through the change of the flag bit.
Further, the repeater stores the quantum key through the trusted cryptography module, providing independent cryptographic algorithm support.
The invention further provides a system for improving the information transmission safety of the Internet of things equipment by using the quantum key, and the system is applied to the method for improving the information transmission safety of the Internet of things equipment by using the quantum key.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the security task based on the quantum secret key is borne by the repeater, the frequency for acquiring the quantum secret key can be adjusted according to the frequency change of uploading information by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things in a period and the number change of the terminal equipment of the connected Internet of things, and the problem that the work load of the repeater is greatly fluctuated due to the large fluctuation of the number of the terminals of the Internet of things and the frequency for receiving and transmitting data of the terminals of the Internet of things is solved;
2. the invention ensures the safety of the repeater through the use of the trusted cryptographic module.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a repeater according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
For the purpose of making the objects and features of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The invention is applied in the smart city field, in which the repeater is a key device connected with the terminal device of the Internet of things and connected with the server system, and the function of the safety aspect in the embodiment of the invention is reasonably selected by the repeater.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a repeater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The repeater mainly includes: the device comprises a main control unit, a trusted cryptographic module, a temporary key memory, a remote communication interface, a short-range communication interface and a quantum key input port.
Wherein:
the remote communication interface is in communication with the device on the server side, and can be in wired connection or wireless connection.
And the short-range communication interface is communicated with the terminal of the Internet of things by adopting communication modes such as Bluetooth, wifi and the like.
The quantum key input port is used for acquiring a quantum key distributed towards the terminal of the Internet of things, and the mode can be any mode for transmitting the quantum key in the prior art.
And the temporary key memory temporarily stores the acquired quantum key.
The main control unit is used for controlling the working flows of the trusted cryptographic module, the temporary key memory, the remote communication interface, the short-range communication interface and the quantum key input port; and controlling the frequency adjustment of the obtained quantum key of the quantum key input port.
The trusted cryptography module comprises the following components:
the central processing unit is an execution engine of the trusted cryptographic module;
the cryptographic algorithm engine comprises SM2, SM3, SM4 and a random number generator, and provides independent cryptographic algorithm support;
a key memory for storing a quantum key;
the interface, namely the interface with the main control unit, supports interfaces such as standard USB2.0, ESPI and the like, is used for obtaining the information to be encrypted obtained by the short-range communication interface through the main control unit, obtaining the quantum key from the temporary key memory, and sending the encrypted data to the remote communication interface after the central processing unit performs encryption operation on the information to be encrypted.
With the repeater with the above structure applied, the working flow of the embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 2, and includes:
step 1: the main control unit of the repeater is provided with a flag bit, and the working mode of the repeater is divided into a fixed mode and an adjustable mode. Under the fixed mode, the quantum key input port obtains the quantum key at the fixed frequency and stores the quantum key in the temporary key memory for the trusted cryptographic module to call. The adjustable mode is that the repeater dynamically adjusts the frequency of the quantum key input port to acquire the quantum key according to the number of the terminal devices of the Internet of things and the number of times (frequency) of uploading information by the terminals.
Step 2: and setting a current zone bit according to the current service type by a user of the intelligent city Internet of things system. When the service is stable, the fixed mode is set, and when the service variation amplitude is large, the adjustable mode is set.
Step 3: the repeater monitors the state of the flag bit regularly, when the flag bit is in a fixed mode, a quantum key is obtained at a fixed frequency P0 and is stored in a quantum key memory for being called by a trusted cryptographic module; and when the flag bit is in the adjustable mode, executing step 4.
Step 4: the first period timer t1 and the second period timer t2 are set, and the duration of the first period timer is N times the duration of the second period timer, for example, N may be set to 10.
Step 5: the method comprises the steps of obtaining the number of the currently connected terminal devices of the Internet of things to be M0, recording initial values in a t2 period, wherein the initial values comprise the number of times of uploading information by the M0 terminal devices of the Internet of things to be L0, and the frequency of obtaining a quantum key currently to be P0.
Step 6: periodically monitoring whether a second period timer t2 expires, counting whether the change rate of the times L and L0 of uploading information by the terminal of the Internet of things in the current period t2 exceeds a preset threshold value or not when the second period timer t2 expires, and if the times of uploading information does not exceed the preset threshold value, keeping the L0 unchanged and keeping the frequency value P0 unchanged; if the rate of change of L and L0 exceeds a predetermined threshold, l0=l is set, p0=p0× (1+1/N) if it is increasing, p0=p0× (1-1/N) if it is decreasing; periodically monitoring whether a first period timer t1 expires, counting whether the difference between the number M of the currently connected terminal devices of the Internet of things and MO exceeds a preset threshold value or not when the first period timer t1 expires, and if the difference does not exceed the preset threshold value, keeping M0 unchanged and keeping a frequency value P0 unchanged; if exceeded, m0=m is set, if increased, p0=2×p0, if decreased p0=p0/2.
Step 7: when the trusted cryptographic module sends a quantum key request message to the master control unit, the master control unit instructs the temporary key storage to transmit the quantum keys of the quantum key request message to the trusted cryptographic module according to the request quantity in the request message or according to the default request quantity.
Step 8: the trusted cryptography module stores the received quantum key in a key store that is inaccessible to devices other than the trusted cryptography module.
Step 9: when the uploading information to be processed is received from the short-range communication interface, the main control unit transmits the uploading information to the trusted cryptographic module.
Step 10: the trusted cryptography module performs encryption processing of the uploaded information to form ciphertext using the quantum key in the key store.
Step 11: the trusted cryptography module transmits the ciphertext to the remote communication interface and from the remote communication interface to a remote server.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The method for improving the information transmission safety of the Internet of things equipment by utilizing the quantum key is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the repeater receives uploading information of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things, acquires a quantum key, performs encryption processing on the uploading information by using the quantum key to form a ciphertext, and sends the ciphertext to the remote server; the repeater adjusts and acquires the frequency of the quantum secret key according to the frequency change of the uploading information of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things in the period and the quantity change of the terminal equipment of the connected Internet of things;
the method for adjusting the frequency for acquiring the quantum key specifically comprises the following steps:
the period is set to be a first period and a second period, and the first period is N times of the second period; recording an initial value M0 of the number of the terminal devices of the Internet of things at the starting time, an initial value L0 of the number of times of uploading information by the terminal devices of the Internet of things, and the frequency P0 of the current obtaining of the quantum key by the repeater;
when the second period expires each time, the repeater adjusts the frequency of currently obtaining the quantum key according to the frequency change of the information uploaded by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things in the current second period; when the first period expires each time, the repeater adjusts the frequency of currently obtaining the quantum key according to the quantity change of the terminal equipment of the internet of things connected in the current first period;
the step of adjusting the frequency of obtaining the quantum key currently by the repeater according to the frequency change of the information uploaded by the terminal equipment of the Internet of things in the current second period comprises the following steps:
counting whether the change rate of the times L and L0 of uploading information of the terminal equipment of the Internet of things in the current second period exceeds a preset threshold value or not when the second period expires each time, if not, keeping L0 unchanged, and keeping P0 unchanged; if the rate of change of L and L0 exceeds a predetermined threshold value, l0=l is set, p0=p0× (1+1/N) if the rate of change is increasing, p0=p0× (1-1/N) if the rate of change is decreasing;
the step of adjusting the frequency of obtaining the quantum key currently by the repeater according to the quantity change of the terminal equipment of the internet of things connected in the current first period comprises the following steps:
when the first period expires each time, counting whether the numerical variation of the number M and MO of the currently connected terminal equipment of the Internet of things exceeds a preset threshold value, if not, keeping M0 unchanged, and keeping the frequency value P0 unchanged; if exceeded, m0=m is set, if the change in value is an increase, p0=2×p0, if the change in value is a decrease, p0=p0/2.
2. The method for improving the information transmission safety of the internet of things equipment by utilizing the quantum key according to claim 1, wherein the repeater is further provided with a flag bit, and the frequency for acquiring the quantum key is controlled to be a fixed frequency through the change of the flag bit.
3. The method for improving information transmission security of an internet of things device by using a quantum key according to claim 1, wherein the relay stores the quantum key through a trusted cryptographic module and provides independent cryptographic algorithm support.
4. A system for improving information transmission safety of Internet of things equipment by utilizing quantum keys is characterized in that the system is applied according to the method of claim 1-3Any method for improving information transmission safety of Internet of things equipment by utilizing quantum keys.
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