CN116284496B - 一种姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种姜黄素‑羧基化壳聚糖连接物及其制备方法与应用,通过对壳聚糖进行改性,引入新的结合位点,实现与姜黄素的接枝改性,达到偶联姜黄素的同时提高姜黄素水溶性、稳定性的目的,本发明的姜黄素‑羧甲基壳聚糖连接物为水溶性材料,具有优异的稳定性及抗氧化活性,解决了现有技术中姜黄素溶解度低、导致在体内吸收低、生物利用度低而应用受限的缺点,极大的拓宽了姜黄素的应用范围。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物活性物质改性技术领域,具体涉及到一种姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高和安全意识的增强,一些安全、无毒、绿色的天然添加剂越来越受到人们青睐。
姜黄素(Cur,C21H20O6)是从姜黄中提取出来的一种低相对分子质量的天然脂溶性化合物,是植物界很稀少的具有二酮的色素,为二酮类化学物,目前常被应用于食品以及药品领域,如:
姜黄素为橙黄色结晶粉末,味稍苦,不溶于水,是一种天然的黄色色素,因此在食品生产中主要用于肠类制品、罐头、酱卤制品等的着色;
姜黄素还具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗病毒、抗感染、抗凝、抗肝纤维化、抗菌、抗动脉粥样硬化等多种营养与药理学功能,使其在医药以及食品等领域广泛应用;
但由于姜黄素溶解度低,导致其在体内吸收低、生物利用度低,且会因为食品加工过程中某些条件的变化而发生降解,故其在食品与药品中的应用受到了严重的限制。
壳聚糖是一种由甲壳素脱乙酰基而得到的天然离子型聚合物,同时是一种表面带正电荷的碱性多糖,具有良好的生物相容性以及生物降解性,并且无毒,同时,壳聚糖有-NH2和-OH两种活泼基团,可以通过多种途径对其进行改性。
鉴于上述姜黄素存在的缺陷,本发明提供了一种姜黄素-壳聚糖连接物的制备方法,增强其水溶性、稳定性以及在水中的抗氧化性,进而使其在医药、食品、化妆品和农业等领域具有更好的利用价值。
发明内容
本部分的目的在于概述本发明的实施例的一些方面以及简要介绍一些较佳实施例。在本部分以及本申请的说明书摘要和发明名称中可能会做些简化或省略以避免使本部分、说明书摘要和发明名称的目的模糊,而这种简化或省略不能用于限制本发明的范围。
鉴于上述和/或现有技术中存在的问题,提出了本发明。
因此,本发明的目的是,克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物,所述姜黄素-壳聚糖连接物,其化学结构式如式A所示;
其中,x=0.1,y=0.9,R1为-CH2OH、-COOH或姜黄素基,所述姜黄素基的结构式如式B所示;
本发明的另一目的是,克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物的制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了如下技术方案:包括,
羧基化壳聚糖溶于二甲亚砜水溶液,搅拌,加入催化剂,得到羧基化壳聚糖溶液;
姜黄素溶于二甲亚砜水溶液,搅拌,得到姜黄素水溶液;
姜黄素水溶液加入羧基化壳聚糖溶液中,进行酯化反应,反应结束过滤,弃去沉淀,上清液依次于二甲亚砜和去离子水中透析、冷冻、干燥,得到姜黄素-壳聚糖连接物。
作为本发明所述姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物的制备方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述羧基化壳聚糖的制备方法包括,
2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基和溴化钠溶于去离子水,加入壳聚糖搅拌,得到悬浊液,再加入次氯酸钠,混合后进行羧基化反应,反应结束离心,弃去沉淀,上清液于去离子水中透析,冷冻、干燥即得到羧基化壳聚糖。
作为本发明所述姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物的制备方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述羧基化反应,其中,反应温度为20~35℃,反应时间为2.5~4h。
作为本发明所述姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物的制备方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述催化剂为N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺与4-二甲氨基吡啶复配。
作为本发明所述姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物的制备方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺、4-二甲氨基吡啶与姜黄素的摩尔比为1:0.25:0.1~0.15。
作为本发明所述姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物的制备方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述羧基化壳聚糖与姜黄素的质量比为5~10:1。
作为本发明所述姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物的制备方法的一种优选方案,其中:所述酯化反应通过水浴加热,其中,反应温度为35~40℃,反应时间为12h。
作为本发明所述姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物的一种优选方案,其中:述姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物为水溶性材料,具有稳定性及抗氧化活性。
本发明的再一目的是,克服现有技术中的不足,提供一种姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物的应用,包括,所述连接物能够应用于医药、食品、化妆品和农业领域,用于食品着色、抗菌、抗氧化。
本发明有益效果:
(1)本发明提供了一种姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物,采用水相有机相双相反应,通过DCC/DMAP介导的催化反应,首次实现了姜黄素在羧基化壳聚糖分子上的接枝,得到了姜黄素水溶性的材料,达到偶联姜黄素的同时提高姜黄素水溶性、稳定性的目的,相较于利用壳聚糖对姜黄素的物理负载,具有更好的稳定性。
(2)本发明的姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物为水溶性材料,具有优异的稳定性及抗氧化活性,解决了现有技术中姜黄素溶解度低、导致在体内吸收低、生物利用度低而应用受限的缺点,极大的拓宽了姜黄素的应用范围。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。其中:
图1为本发明实施例1中羧基化壳聚糖的红外光谱图。
图2为本发明实施例1中姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物的红外光谱图。
图3为本发明实施例1中羧基化壳聚糖的1H NMR图。
图4为本发明实施例1中姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖的1H NMR图。
图5为本发明姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖的反应流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合说明书实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明,但是本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似推广,因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
其次,此处所称的“一个实施例”或“实施例”是指可包含于本发明至少一个实现方式中的特定特征、结构或特性。在本说明书中不同地方出现的“在一个实施例中”并非均指同一个实施例,也不是单独的或选择性的与其他实施例互相排斥的实施例。
本发明中所用壳聚糖分子量为50000Da,脱乙酰度为90%,其余原料若无特殊说明均为普通市售。
实施例1
1)制备羧基化壳聚糖:
0.040g的2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基和0.800g的溴化钠溶于100mL去离子水,加入2.000g壳聚糖搅拌,得到悬浊液,再加入40mL次氯酸钠,混合后25℃条件下进行羧基化反应,反应4h后结束反应,离心,弃去沉淀,上清液于去离子水中透析72h、冷冻、干燥,得到羧基化壳聚糖;
2)制备姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物:
羧基化壳聚糖和姜黄素的质量比为10:1;
将0.200g羧基化壳聚糖溶于二甲亚砜与水的混合溶液中,搅拌得到羧基化壳聚糖溶液,随后加入0.148gN,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺和0.022g4-二甲氨基吡啶在35℃条件下反应2h,对羧基进行活化;
0.020g姜黄素溶于二甲亚砜中后加入活化后的羧基化壳聚糖溶液中,混合后在35℃水浴中避光搅拌反应12h进行酯化反应,反应结束过滤,弃去沉淀,上清液依次于二甲亚砜和去离子水中透析、冷冻、干燥,得到姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物,记为COCS-Cur-1。
使用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对本实施制得的连接物进行表征。
图1为本实施例所用羧基化壳聚糖的红外光谱图,其中,在1618cm-1和1403cm-1处观察到两个新带,这分别是羧基(COO-)拉伸振动的对称和不对称模式的特征峰。同时,由于C-6位的伯羟基通过氧化转化为C-6羧基,可以看到COCS在2929cm-1处的C-H拉伸带减少,两者都证明了COCS的成功合成。
图2是本实施例中姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物的红外光谱图,其中3417cm-1处的峰相较壳聚糖更尖锐,这是由于含有部分姜黄素中酚羟基的伸缩振动,2932cm-1和2863cm-1处的峰为姜黄素中脂肪族C-H的伸展,1216cm-1处的峰归属于偶联物酯键中C-O的伸缩振动,证明了目标产物成功合成。
图3是本实施例中羧基化壳聚糖的1H NMR图,δ=2.06ppm归属于乙酰氨基葡萄糖残基上乙酰基产生的化学位移,3.16~4.55ppm归属为壳聚糖糖苷环上氢原子的化学位移。
图4是本实施例中姜黄素-壳聚糖连接物的1H NMR图,在6-7ppm处显示了姜黄素芳香环质子的相关特征峰,证明了目标产物成功合成。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于羧基化壳聚糖和姜黄素的质量比调整为7:1,其余制备工艺均与实施例1相同,具体为:
1)制备羧基化壳聚糖:壳聚糖分子量为50000Da,脱乙酰度为90%。
0.040g的2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基和0.800g的溴化钠溶于100mL去离子水,加入2.000g壳聚糖搅拌,得到悬浊液,再加入40mL次氯酸钠,混合后25℃条件下进行羧基化反应,反应4h后结束反应,离心,弃去沉淀,上清液于去离子水中透析72h、冷冻、干燥,得到羧基化壳聚糖;
2)制备姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物:
羧基化壳聚糖和姜黄素的质量比为7:1。
将0.200g羧基化壳聚糖溶于二甲亚砜与水的混合溶液中,搅拌得到羧基化壳聚糖溶液,随后加入0.148g的N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺和0.022g4-二甲氨基吡啶反应2h,对羧基进行活化;
0.029g姜黄素溶于二甲亚砜中后加入活化后的羧基化壳聚糖溶液中,混合后在35℃水浴中避光搅拌反应12h进行酯化反应,反应结束过滤,弃去沉淀,上清液依次于二甲亚砜和去离子水中透析、冷冻、干燥,得到姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物,记为COCS-Cur-2。
实施例3
本实施例与实施例1不同之处在于羧基化壳聚糖和姜黄素的质量比调整为5:1,其余制备工艺均与实施例1相同,具体为:
1)制备羧基化壳聚糖:壳聚糖分子量为50000Da,脱乙酰度为90%。
0.040g的2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基和0.800g的溴化钠溶于100mL去离子水,加入2.000g壳聚糖搅拌,得到悬浊液,再加入40mL次氯酸钠,混合后25℃条件下进行羧基化反应,反应4h后结束反应,离心,弃去沉淀,上清液于去离子水中透析72h、冷冻、干燥,得到羧基化壳聚糖;
2)制备姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物:
羧基化壳聚糖和姜黄素的质量比为5:1。
将0.200g羧基化壳聚糖溶于二甲亚砜与水的混合溶液中,搅拌得到羧基化壳聚糖溶液,随后加入0.148g的N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺和0.022g4-二甲氨基吡啶反应2h,对羧基进行活化;
0.040g姜黄素溶于二甲亚砜中后加入活化后的羧基化壳聚糖溶液中,混合后在35℃水浴中避光搅拌反应12h进行酯化反应,反应结束过滤,弃去沉淀,上清液依次于二甲亚砜和去离子水中透析、冷冻、干燥,得到姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物,记为COCS-Cur-3。
实施例4
本实施例用以测定本发明制备的姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物的抗氧化活性,包括测定连接物对DPPH自由基和ABTS自由基的体外清除效果,测试方法为:
对DPPH自由基的体外清除试验的测试方法:
将姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物溶于水中,混合均匀后,得到姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖溶液,将1mL,浓度为2.1mg/mL姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物溶液加入到1mL,浓度为0.06mg/mL的DPPH溶液作为待测液,振荡混合均匀后,于黑暗中室温孵育30min,然后测定517nm处吸光度。
空白对照组中姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物替换为1mL水,所有操作均在室温避光条件下进行。
DPPH自由清除率(%)=(A-B)/A×100。其中,A为空白对照组的吸光值,B为待测液的吸光值。
对ABTS自由基的体外清除试验的测试方法:
将1mL 7mM ABTS溶液与3mL 2.45mM过硫酸钾溶液避光孵育反应16h,反应生成ABTS+,得到探针储备液,后将储备液用水稀释至734nm处吸光度为0.7±0.1。实验中,将姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物溶于水中,混合均匀后,得到姜黄素-壳聚糖连接物溶液,将1mL,2.1mg/mL姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物溶液加入到1mL稀释后的储备液作为待测液,振荡混合均匀后,于黑暗中室温孵育8min,然后测定在734nm处的吸光度。
空白对照组中姜黄素-壳聚糖连接物替换为1mL水,所有操作均在室温避光条件下进行。
ABTS自由基清除率(%)=(A-B)/A×100。其中,A为空白对照组的吸光值,B为待测液的吸光值。
上述试验的测试结果如表1所示。
表1产物的抗氧化活性
由表1可以看出,本发明制得的姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物在不同浓度下均具有良好的抗氧化活性。并且随着姜黄素偶联比例的升高,连接物的抗氧化活性也在不断升高,但随着接枝比例的升高,抗氧化活性增强的幅度变弱,考虑到成本浪费等问题,COCS-Cur-2是实现良好的效果的最佳选择。
实施例5
本实施例用以测定姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物的稳定性:
测定了姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物在不同温度(30℃、50℃、80℃)、光(紫外、黑暗、自然光)条件下的稳定性。将姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物溶解在水中,分别在对应条件下孵育12h后测定样品在425nm处的紫外吸收,从而得出姜黄素的保留率,结果如表2所示。
表2姜黄素在不同条件下的保留率
由表2可以看出,本发明制得的姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖相较于姜黄素,均具有优异的热稳定性以及光稳定性,随着姜黄素偶联比例的上升,连接物都仍然能够保持有较高稳定性。
实施例6
本实施例用以测定姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物在水中的溶解度:
称取过量m1 g姜黄素-壳聚糖连接物加入到装有5mL超纯水的提前烘干至恒重的离心管中,使溶液呈过饱和状态,空离心管的质量记为m0 g,混合液在室温下持续震荡12h,随后通过离心保留沉淀,将沉淀与离心管干燥至恒重,将此时的总质量记为m2 g。试验设置三次平行。样品在水中的溶解度计算公式如下:
S=(m0+m1-m2)×20
式中,S为样品在水中的溶解度,g/100mL H2O;m0为离心管的质量,g;m1为待测样品的质量,g;m2为离心管与未溶解样品的质量,g。
表3COCS-Cur的产率和水溶性
由表3可以看出,本发明所得到的三种COCS-Cur与姜黄素相比均体现出良好的水溶性,随着姜黄素偶联比例的升高,连接物的水溶性显著下降。综合表1~3,在稳定性相差不大的情况下,COCS-Cur-2成为最佳选择。
综上,本发明通过DCC/DMAP介导的催化反应,首次实现了姜黄素在羧基化壳聚糖分子上的接枝,得到了姜黄素水溶性的材料,且相较于现有技术中利用壳聚糖对姜黄素实现物理负载的稳定性更高。
本发明的姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物为水溶性材料,具有优异的稳定性及抗氧化活性,解决了现有技术中姜黄素溶解度低、导致在体内吸收低、生物利用度低而应用受限的缺点,极大的拓宽了姜黄素的应用范围。
应说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (2)
1.一种姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物,其特征在于:所述姜黄素-壳聚糖连接物的制备方法包括,
羧基化壳聚糖溶于二甲亚砜水溶液,搅拌,加入催化剂,得到羧基化壳聚糖溶液,其中,所述催化剂为N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺与4-二甲氨基吡啶复配;
姜黄素溶于二甲亚砜水溶液,搅拌,得到姜黄素水溶液;
姜黄素水溶液加入羧基化壳聚糖溶液中,进行酯化反应,所述酯化反应通过水浴加热,反应温度为35~40℃,反应时间为12h;
其中,所述羧基化壳聚糖与姜黄素的质量比为5~10:1,所述N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺、4-二甲氨基吡啶与姜黄素的摩尔比为1:0.25:0.1~0.15;
反应结束过滤,弃去沉淀,上清液依次于二甲亚砜和去离子水中透析、冷冻、干燥,得到姜黄素-壳聚糖连接物;
其中,所述羧基化壳聚糖的制备方法包括,
2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-1-氧自由基和溴化钠溶于去离子水,加入壳聚糖搅拌,得到悬浊液,再加入次氯酸钠,混合后在20~35 ℃条件下进行羧基化反应,反应时间为2.5~4 h,反应结束离心,弃去沉淀,上清液于去离子水中透析,冷冻、干燥即得到羧基化壳聚糖。
2.如权利要求1所述的姜黄素-羧基化壳聚糖连接物,其特征在于:所述姜黄素-羧甲基壳聚糖连接物为水溶性材料,具有稳定性及抗氧化活性。
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