CN116272956A - Lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116272956A CN116272956A CN202310068733.8A CN202310068733A CN116272956A CN 116272956 A CN116272956 A CN 116272956A CN 202310068733 A CN202310068733 A CN 202310068733A CN 116272956 A CN116272956 A CN 116272956A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 206010027439 Metal poisoning Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 208000008127 lead poisoning Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052586 apatite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentacalcium;fluoride;triphosphate Chemical compound [F-].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O VSIIXMUUUJUKCM-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium heptamolybdate Chemical compound N.N.N.N.N.N.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo] QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;oxido(dioxo)vanadium Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][V](=O)=O UNTBPXHCXVWYOI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 8
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JVLRYPRBKSMEBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diacetyloxystibanyl acetate Chemical compound [Sb+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O JVLRYPRBKSMEBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- XNHGKSMNCCTMFO-UHFFFAOYSA-D niobium(5+);oxalate Chemical compound [Nb+5].[Nb+5].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O XNHGKSMNCCTMFO-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 firstly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940046892 lead acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/28—Molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/195—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with vanadium, niobium or tantalum
- B01J27/198—Vanadium
- B01J27/199—Vanadium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of selective catalytic reduction catalysts, in particular to a lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps of: modifying the mineral material by using organic acid to obtain a modified mineral material; tiO is mixed with 2 Mixing the modified mineral material with the modified mineral material to obtain a composite carrier; sequentially adding an active component precursor, an auxiliary agent precursor, a sizing agent, glass fibers and water into the composite carrier, and kneading to obtain a catalyst paste; coating the catalyst paste on a stainless steel net, and drying and calcining to obtain a lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst; wherein the mineral material comprises any of apatite, wollastonite, and dolomiteOne or more of them. The catalyst can effectively adsorb and stabilize lead heavy metal elements in flue gas, reduce the mobility and the poisoning effect of the denitration catalyst, and has higher denitration activity and N 2 Selectivity, and shows more excellent catalytic activity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of selective catalytic reduction catalysts, in particular to a lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The large amount of nitrogen oxides discharged can cause problems of ozone layer destruction, acid rain, photochemical pollution and the like, and the main denitration technology at present is Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), wherein a denitration catalyst is the core of the technology.
Lead is used as a heavy metal element, has higher content in most coal types in China, and is also rich in flue gas of urban garbage incineration power plants. The fuel combustion process releases most of the lead, which is then carried by the flue gas and deposited on the surface of the denitration catalyst, resulting in the catalyst being poisoned and deactivated.
Research shows that the mechanism of lead poisoning the denitration catalyst is mainly that Pb substances cover active sites on the surface of the catalyst, so that chemisorbed oxygen is reduced, the relative concentration of high-valence vanadium and the acidity of the surface of the catalyst are further reduced, and the reducibility of the catalyst is reduced as a main poisoning factor. In addition, pb and MoO 3 PbMoO produced by the reaction 4 The catalyst surface agglomerates and covers the acid sites and simultaneously plugs the catalyst pores, which in turn leads to catalyst deactivation.
At present, relatively few researches are conducted on lead poisoning-resistant denitration catalysts, such as China invention with application number of CN200910114068.1Patent discloses a catalytic purification method for CO and NO x The rare metal catalyst of HC, rare transition metal catalyst that this catalyst does not prepare by alumina, cerium oxide, zirconia, lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and titanium oxide, have activity high, thermal stability good, ageing resistance, long performance life, especially have the characteristics of lead poisoning resistance. However, the catalyst has the defects of low applicability, low lead resistance, and the like.
In view of this, developing a denitration catalyst resistant to lead poisoning is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a lead poisoning resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst, which has excellent lead poisoning resistance, high denitration activity, wide temperature window and high N 2 Selectivity and the like.
The invention provides a preparation method of a lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
s1, modifying a mineral material by using organic acid to obtain a modified mineral material;
s2, tiO 2 Mixing the modified mineral material with the modified mineral material to obtain a composite carrier;
s3, sequentially adding an active component precursor, an auxiliary agent precursor, a sizing agent, glass fibers and water into the composite carrier, and kneading to obtain a catalyst paste;
s4, coating the catalyst paste on a stainless steel mesh, and drying and calcining to obtain the lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst;
wherein the mineral material comprises any one or more of apatite, wollastonite and dolomite.
In the preparation of the lead poisoning-resistant denitration catalyst, firstly, mineral materials such as apatite, wollastonite, dolomite and the like are modified by using organic acid to obtain a modified mineral material with large specific surface area, developed pore structure and stable structure, and the modified mineral material has higher adsorption capacity, ion exchange capacity and immobilization capacity and improves the catalyst pairThe adsorption capacity of the lead heavy metal elements reduces the mobility and the poisoning effect of the denitration catalyst; then, the modified mineral material is mixed with TiO 2 The carrier is mixed to prepare the composite carrier, the specific surface area of the carrier is obviously increased, the dispersity of the active components and the auxiliary agent on the surface of the carrier is improved, more oxygen vacancies are presented, and the denitration catalyst achieves higher denitration activity and N 2 Selectivity, and shows more excellent catalytic activity; finally, introducing an active component and an acidic auxiliary agent into the composite carrier, increasing the acidic active site on the surface of the catalyst, enhancing the oxidizing capability of the active component, improving the activity of the catalyst, increasing the energy of the catalyst for capturing lead heavy metal elements in situ, inhibiting the reduction effect of lead on chemical oxygen demand, and further improving the lead resistance of the catalyst.
In the step S1, preferably, during the modification, the mineral material is placed in an organic acid solution, and stirred in a water bath at 60-120 ℃ for 1-5 hours, so as to fully improve the acidification effect of the organic acid on the mineral material, and cations can be separated out through proton exchange or polarization during the treatment of the mineral material by the organic acid, so that the mineral material is activated, crystal lattice and chemical bonds can be changed, and finally the adsorption capacity and immobilization capacity of the mineral material are improved. Filtering, washing and drying, and then adding the mixture into O 2 /N 2 Calcining under atmosphere to obtain modified mineral material mainly containing CaO;
the specific conditions of drying and calcining are not strictly limited, and in particular, the temperature is preferably controlled to be 60-100 ℃ and the time is preferably 3-5h during the drying; preferably, the temperature is controlled to be 600-800 ℃ and the time is 3-6h during the calcination;
in addition, in the calcination process, the preferred atmosphere is a volume fraction of O 2 /N 2 Atmosphere, and O 2 And N 2 The volume ratio of (1) is (0.5-5): (99.5-95) because the atmosphere will have a promoting effect on the stabilization of the structure of the modified mineral material during calcination.
Preferably, the organic acid used in the invention is any one or more of oxalic acid, citric acid and sulfamic acid, and the concentration of the organic acid is 0.5-5mol/L, and when the mineral material and the organic acid are used, the mineral material and the organic acid can be mixed according to the following ratio of 1: the solid-to-liquid ratio of (5-15) is subjected to impregnation modification.
As the technical scheme, the composite carrier used in the invention is preferably prepared by TiO 2 As a main carrier component, and TiO 2 The mass of the modified mineral material is (1-9): 1, wherein the TiO is 2 Is anatase type TiO 2 。
As the technical scheme, the invention is not limited strictly to the specific kind of the active components, and oxides of vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, cerium, erbium and the like can be selected, and the active components of the invention comprise V based on the consideration of the components and the denitration activity 2 O 5 And MoO 3 Wherein, in the denitration catalyst, V 2 O 5 The mass fraction of (2) is 0.5-3%, moO 3 The mass fraction of (2-6%).
Preferably, the auxiliary agent comprises Cr 2 O 3 、Nb 2 O 5 、Sb 2 O 3 And SnO 2 Any one or more of the auxiliary agent precursors used in the method are any one or more of chromium nitrate, niobium oxalate, antimony acetate and stannic chloride, and the mass fraction of the auxiliary agent in the denitration catalyst is 0.5-5%. The addition of the acid auxiliary agent can increase the acidity of the catalyst, so that the acidic active sites on the surface of the catalyst are increased, on one hand, the oxidation capability of active components is enhanced, the catalytic activity is improved, on the other hand, the capability of capturing lead heavy metal elements in situ of the catalyst is increased, the reduction effect of lead on chemical oxygen demand is inhibited, and the lead resistance of the catalyst is improved.
In addition, impregnating compound, glass fiber, surfactant, pore-forming agent and the like are also added in the preparation process of the denitration catalyst, the specific compositions of the impregnating compound, the surfactant, the binder and the pore-forming agent are not strictly limited, and impregnating compound, surfactant, binder and pore-forming agent which are commonly used in the traditional commercial denitration catalyst can be selected.
Preferably, in the technical scheme, the impregnating compound comprises any one or more of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, and the mass ratio of the impregnating compound to the composite carrier is (1-5): 100. the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the composite carrier is (1-5): 100. after all the substances are added, the mixture is kneaded for 1-4 hours to form a uniform catalyst paste, which is then coated on a stainless steel mesh using a roller.
In the step S4, preferably, the temperature is controlled to be 60-100 ℃ and the time is controlled to be 5-12 hours during the drying; the temperature is controlled to be 450-550 ℃ and the time is controlled to be 2-5h during the calcination.
In the second aspect, the invention also discloses the lead poisoning resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst prepared by the preparation method, which belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst provided by the invention has at least the following technical effects:
1. according to the invention, the mineral materials such as apatite, wollastonite and dolomite are modified by using organic acid, so that a modified mineral material with large specific surface area, developed pore structure and stable structure can be obtained, the modified mineral material has higher adsorption capacity, ion exchange capacity and immobilization capacity, the carrier binding interface can be regulated, the binding force of a composite carrier is increased, the material can effectively adsorb and stabilize lead heavy metal elements in flue gas, the migration property and the poisoning effect of a denitration catalyst are reduced, and meanwhile, lead can form a stable compound with elements released by the modified mineral material, and the aim of stabilizing the lead can be fulfilled;
2. the composite carrier used in the invention is TiO 2 The mixture of the modified mineral material can obviously increase the specific surface area of the carrier and improve the dispersity of the active components and the auxiliary agent on the surface of the carrier, so that more oxygen vacancies are presented, and the denitration catalyst achieves higher denitration activity and N 2 Selectivity, and shows more excellent catalytic activity; at the same time, the use of the composite carrier further improves the catalysisPhysical and mechanical properties such as hydrophobicity, wear resistance, adhesion strength and the like of the chemical agent;
3. according to the invention, chromium, niobium, antimony and tin are introduced as modified elements, so that the acidic active sites on the surface of the catalyst are increased, on one hand, the oxidation capability of active components is enhanced, the catalytic activity is improved, on the other hand, the capability of capturing lead heavy metal elements in situ of the catalyst is increased, the reduction effect of lead on chemical oxygen demand is inhibited, the lead resistance of the catalyst is further improved, and in addition, the addition of transition metal has a promotion effect on widening a temperature window, so that the catalyst can be expressed as a wide temperature window.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms also include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
S11, firstly weighing apatite to obtain a mixture of 1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio in 1mol/L oxalic acid solution, stirring in water bath at 60deg.C for 5 hr, filtering, washing, drying at 100deg.C for 3 hr, and adding water containing 2vol% O 2 /N 2 Calcining at 800 ℃ for 3 hours under the atmosphere, and grinding to obtain a modified mineral material;
s12, tiO 2 Uniformly mixing the modified mineral material and the modified mineral material in a mixing cylinder according to the mass ratio of 9:1 to obtain a composite carrier;
s13, sequentially adding an ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution, an ammonium heptamolybdate aqueous solution, a chromium nitrate aqueous solution, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, glass fibers and water into the composite carrier, and kneading for 4 hours to obtain a catalyst paste;
s14, coating the catalyst paste on a stainless steel net by using a roller, drying for 5 hours at 100 ℃, and calcining for 2 hours at 450 ℃ to obtain the lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst;
v in the obtained denitration catalyst 2 O 5 Is 1% by mass of MoO 3 Is 2.7% by mass, cr 2 O 3 The mass fraction of (2) is 1%.
Example 2
S21, firstly weighing wollastonite to obtain a mixture of 1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio in 2mol/L citric acid solution, stirring in 80 deg.C water bath for 4 hr, filtering, washing, drying at 90 deg.C for 3 hr, and adding water containing 3vol% O 2 /N 2 Calcining at 700 ℃ for 4 hours under the atmosphere, and grinding to obtain a modified mineral material;
s22, tiO 2 Uniformly mixing the modified mineral material and the modified mineral material in a mixing cylinder according to the mass ratio of 8:2 to obtain a composite carrier;
s23, sequentially adding an ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution, an ammonium heptamolybdate aqueous solution, a niobium oxalate aqueous solution, hydroxymethyl cellulose, glass fibers and water into the composite carrier, and kneading for 3 hours to obtain a catalyst paste;
s24, coating the catalyst paste on a stainless steel net by using a roller, drying for 6 hours at 90 ℃, and calcining for 3 hours at 500 ℃ to obtain the lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst;
v in the obtained denitration catalyst 2 O 5 Is 1.5% by mass of MoO 3 Is 3% by mass of Nb 2 O 5 The mass fraction of (2%).
Example 3
S31, firstDolomite is weighed to 1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio in 4mol/L sulfamic acid solution, stirring in water bath at 100deg.C for 3 hr, filtering, washing, drying at 80deg.C for 4 hr, and adding water containing 4vol% O 2 /N 2 Calcining for 5 hours at 600 ℃ under the atmosphere, and grinding to obtain a modified mineral material;
s32, tiO 2 Uniformly mixing the modified mineral material and the modified mineral material in a mixing cylinder according to the mass ratio of 7:3 to obtain a composite carrier;
s33, sequentially adding an ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution, an ammonium heptamolybdate aqueous solution, an antimony acetate aqueous solution, hydroxypropyl cellulose, glass fibers and water into the composite carrier, and kneading for 2 hours to obtain a catalyst paste;
s34, coating the catalyst paste on a stainless steel net by using a roller, drying for 7 hours at 80 ℃, and calcining for 4 hours at 550 ℃ to obtain the lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst;
v in the obtained denitration catalyst 2 O 5 Is 2% by mass of MoO 3 Is 3% by mass of Sb 2 O 3 The mass fraction of (2) is 1%.
Example 4
S41, firstly weighing apatite to obtain a mixture of 1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio in 1mol/L citric acid solution, stirring in water bath at 120deg.C for 2 hr, filtering, washing, drying at 70deg.C for 4 hr, and adding 5vol% O 2 /N 2 Calcining at 600 ℃ for 6 hours under the atmosphere, and grinding to obtain a modified mineral material;
s42, tiO 2 Uniformly mixing the modified mineral material and the modified mineral material in a mixing cylinder according to the mass ratio of 6:4 to obtain a composite carrier;
s43, sequentially adding an ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution, an ammonium heptamolybdate aqueous solution, a stannic chloride aqueous solution, methylcellulose, glass fibers and water into the composite carrier, and kneading for 4 hours to obtain a catalyst paste;
s44, coating the catalyst paste on a stainless steel net by using a roller, drying for 10 hours at 70 ℃, and calcining for 5 hours at 500 ℃ to obtain the lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst;
v in the obtained denitration catalyst 2 O 5 Is 1% by mass,MoO 3 is 2.7% of SnO by mass 2 The mass fraction of (2%).
Example 5
S51, firstly weighing wollastonite to obtain a mixture of 1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio in 5mol/L oxalic acid solution, stirring in 80 deg.C water bath for 3 hr, filtering, washing, drying at 60 deg.C for 5 hr, and adding 3vol% O 2 /N 2 Calcining for 4 hours at 650 ℃ in the atmosphere, and grinding to obtain a modified mineral material;
s52, tiO 2 Uniformly mixing the modified mineral material and the modified mineral material in a mixing cylinder according to the mass ratio of 5:5 to obtain a composite carrier;
s53, sequentially adding an ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution, an ammonium heptamolybdate aqueous solution, a chromium nitrate aqueous solution, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, glass fibers and water into the composite carrier, and kneading for 3 hours to obtain a catalyst paste;
s54, coating the catalyst paste on a stainless steel net by using a roller, drying at 60 ℃ for 12 hours, and calcining at 550 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain a lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst;
v in the obtained denitration catalyst 2 O 5 Is 3% of MoO by mass 3 Is 5% by mass of Cr 2 O 3 Is 3% by mass.
Comparative example 1
Anatase type TiO 2 Placing the mixture in a mixing tank, sequentially adding ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution, ammonium heptamolybdate aqueous solution, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, glass fibers and water, and kneading for 4 hours to form a uniform catalyst paste;
and coating the catalyst paste on a stainless steel net by using a roller, drying at 80 ℃ for 7 hours, and calcining at 500 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the denitration catalyst.
V in the obtained denitration catalyst 2 O 5 Is 1.5% by mass of MoO 3 Is 3% by mass.
Comparative example 2
Firstly, the apatite is weighed to be 1:10 solid-to-liquid ratio in 2mol/L oxalic acid solution, stirring in 80 deg.C water bath for 3 hr, filtering, washing, drying at 80 deg.C for 4 hr, and adding water to the solution containing 2vol%O 2 /N 2 Calcining at 800 ℃ for 3 hours under the atmosphere, and grinding to obtain a modified mineral material;
anatase type TiO is prepared according to the mass ratio of 8:2 2 Uniformly mixing the modified mineral material in a mixing cylinder to obtain a composite carrier;
sequentially adding an ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution, an ammonium heptamolybdate aqueous solution, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, glass fibers and water into the composite carrier, and kneading for 4 hours to form a uniform catalyst paste;
coating the catalyst paste on a stainless steel net by using a roller, drying at 80 ℃ for 7 hours, and calcining at 550 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain a denitration catalyst;
v in the obtained denitration catalyst 2 O 5 Is 1.5% by mass of MoO 3 Is 3% by mass.
Comparative example 3
Anatase type TiO 2 Placing the mixture in a mixing tank, sequentially adding ammonium metavanadate aqueous solution, ammonium heptamolybdate aqueous solution, chromium nitrate aqueous solution, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, glass fibers and water, and kneading for 4 hours to form a uniform catalyst paste;
coating the catalyst paste on a stainless steel net by using a roller, drying at 90 ℃ for 6 hours, and calcining at 500 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain a denitration catalyst;
v in the obtained denitration catalyst 2 O 5 Is 2% by mass of MoO 3 Is 3% by mass of Cr 2 O 3 The mass fraction of (2%).
Comparative example 4
As TiO disclosed in CN202111095508.0 2 -Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 The composite carrier is used as a carrier, and comprises the following specific steps:
the low-titanium blast furnace slag is treated by dilute hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 2mol/L and the mass fraction of 37wt percent, and fully reacts for 2 hours at the constant temperature of 30 ℃. Then, solid-liquid separation was performed by using a centrifuge of 800r/min, repeatedly washing the solid components with pure water until neutral, drying at 80℃for 12 hours, and grinding to powder to obtain an acid leaching residue carrier (TiO) 2 -Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 A predominantly composite carrier);
the procedure and parameters were substantially the same as in example 1 except that the acid leaching residue carrier was used as the denitration catalyst carrier.
V in the obtained denitration catalyst 2 O 5 Is 1% by mass of MoO 3 Is 2.7% of SnO by mass 2 The mass fraction of (2%).
Test example 1 denitration Performance test
The denitration catalysts prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to denitration performance test under the following conditions: smoke temperature 365 ℃, NO x 500ppm of NH 3 /NO x ＝1，SO 2 Concentration of 400ppm, N 2 To balance the gas, ghsv=60000 h -1 . The test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 denitration efficiency of different denitration catalysts
As can be seen from Table 1, under the test conditions, the flat plate type denitration catalysts with lead poisoning resistance prepared in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention have excellent denitration performance as compared with comparative examples 1 to 4.
Test example 2 test of lead poisoning resistance
To verify the lead poisoning resistance of the denitration catalysts prepared in the above examples and comparative examples, the denitration catalysts in the above examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to simulated lead poisoning.
Specifically, a certain amount of sieved catalyst powder is weighed and placed in a precursor solution prepared from lead acetate, the precursor solution is continuously stirred in a water bath at 80 ℃ to be uniformly mixed, the mixture is soaked until being dried, and then the mixture is placed in a blast drying oven for drying at 110 ℃ for 12 hours, and is baked at 550 ℃ for 2 hours, so that the denitration catalyst simulating lead poisoning is obtained. The lead loading on the mock-poisoned catalyst was controlled to be 1wt%.
Denitration performance test was performed on the catalyst subjected to simulated lead poisoning under the same conditions as those of experimental example 1, and the test results are shown in table 2.
Table 2 denitration efficiency of different denitration catalysts
As can be seen from Table 2, after 1wt% of PbO was loaded, the flat-plate denitration catalysts with lead poisoning resistance prepared in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention were significantly superior to the denitration catalysts prepared in comparative examples 1 to 4. Therefore, the lead poisoning resistance of the catalyst can be effectively improved by adopting the method of optimizing the composite carrier and adding the auxiliary agent.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, modifying a mineral material by using organic acid to obtain a modified mineral material;
s2, tiO 2 Mixing the modified mineral material with the modified mineral material to obtain a composite carrier;
s3, sequentially adding an active component precursor, an auxiliary agent precursor, a sizing agent, glass fibers and water into the composite carrier, and kneading to obtain a catalyst paste;
s4, coating the catalyst paste on a stainless steel mesh, and drying and calcining to obtain the lead poisoning-resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst;
wherein the mineral material comprises any one or more of apatite, wollastonite and dolomite.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the mineral material is placed in an organic acid solution, stirred in a water bath at 60-120 ℃ for 1-5 hours, filtered, washed and dried, and then treated with a catalyst selected from the group consisting of O 2 /N 2 Calcining under atmosphere to obtain modified mineral material;
wherein, when the drying is carried out, the temperature is controlled to be 60-100 ℃ and the time is 3-5h;
the temperature is controlled to be 600-800 ℃ and the time is 3-6h during the calcination;
the O is 2 /N 2 O in atmosphere 2 And N 2 The volume ratio of (1) is (0.5-5): (99.5-95).
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid comprises any one or more of oxalic acid, citric acid and sulfamic acid, and the concentration of the organic acid is 0.5 to 5mol/L.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composite carrier is TiO 2 The mass of the modified mineral material is (1-9): 1, wherein the TiO is 2 Is anatase type TiO 2 。
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the active component comprises V 2 O 5 And MoO 3 Wherein, in the denitration catalyst, V 2 O 5 The mass fraction of (2) is 0.5-3%, moO 3 The mass fraction of (2-6%).
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary comprises Cr 2 O 3 、Nb 2 O 5 、Sb 2 O 3 And SnO 2 Any one or more of the above, and in the denitration catalyst, the mass fraction of the auxiliary agent is 0.5-5%.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the impregnating compound comprises any one or more of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and methyl cellulose, and the mass ratio of the impregnating compound to the composite carrier is (1-5): 100.
8. the method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the composite support is (1-5): 100.
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the temperature is controlled to be 60-100 ℃ for 5-12 hours during the drying;
the temperature is controlled to be 450-550 ℃ and the time is controlled to be 2-5h during the calcination.
10. A lead poisoning resistant flat-plate denitration catalyst, which is characterized by being prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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