CN116242180A - A fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger and its working method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation. The device comprises a high-temperature inlet/low-temperature outlet header, a high-temperature outlet/low-temperature inlet header, a shell, an interlayer header and a plurality of heat insulation plates; the inside of the shell is divided into a plurality of layers of chambers by a plurality of heat insulation plates; each stage of layer chamber comprises a tube bundle upper header, a tube bundle lower header and a plurality of tube bundles, wherein two ends of each tube bundle are respectively communicated with the tube bundle upper header and the tube bundle lower header, and solid particles are filled in the layer chamber; the upper header of the tube bundle of the adjacent layer chamber is communicated with the lower header of the tube bundle through the interlayer header; the high temperature inlet/low temperature outlet header is communicated with the upper end of the tube bundle of the uppermost-stage chamber, and the high temperature outlet/low temperature inlet header is communicated with the lower end of the tube bundle of the lowermost-stage chamber. The invention can improve the safety and stability of the operation of the heat exchanger and reduce the system power consumption of the heat exchanger.

Description

A fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger and its working method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation, and in particular relates to a fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger and a working method thereof.

Background technique

Solar thermal power generation technology is clean and low-carbon, and has its own heat storage system, which can be used as a regulating power source. It is an important way to promote the large-scale consumption of renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaics and the low-carbon development of the power industry. As a new type of heat storage medium for solar thermal power generation systems, solid particles have the advantages of low price, high heat storage temperature (up to 1000°C) and stable performance, which can improve the efficiency of solar thermal power generation and reduce power generation costs. In the field of solar thermal power generation It has broad application prospects.

However, due to the high hardness of the solid particles, the flow of the fluidized solid particles through the shell wall of the heat exchanger will cause greater wear, and the mass of the solid particles is relatively large. The bucket elevator is used to lift the solid particles from the low-level cold tank to the High level hot tanks consume a lot of electrical energy, reducing system efficiency. Therefore, how to solve the problems of wear and efficiency reduction is a difficult problem faced by the rapid development of solid particle heat storage methods.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above existing problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger and its working method, which can improve the safety and stability of the heat exchanger operation and reduce the system power consumption of the heat exchanger.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

A fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger disclosed by the invention includes a high-temperature inlet/low-temperature outlet header, a high-temperature outlet/low-temperature inlet header, a shell, an interlayer header, and several heat insulation plates;

A number of insulation plates divide the interior of the shell into several levels of chambers; each level of chambers includes the upper header of the tube bundle, the lower header of the tube bundle and several tube bundles. The two ends of the several tube bundles are respectively connected with the upper header of the tube bundle and the lower header of the tube bundle The layer chamber is filled with solid particles; the tube bundle upper header and the tube bundle lower header of the adjacent layer chamber are connected through the interlayer header; the high temperature inlet/low temperature outlet header is connected with the upper end of the uppermost layer chamber, the high temperature outlet/low temperature inlet The header is communicated with the lower end of the tube bundle of the lowest layer chamber.

Preferably, the casing is made of high temperature resistant material, and an insulation layer is provided outside the casing.

Preferably, the cross section of the casing is a rounded rectangle.

Preferably, an insulation layer is provided outside the interlayer header.

Preferably, the particle size of the solid particles is ≤0.5 mm, and the material is SiO ₂ , MgO, Al ₂ O ₃ or SiC.

Preferably, the heights of the chambers at each level are equal.

Preferably, the distance between adjacent tube bundles in the layer chamber is 20-40 mm.

Preferably, in each layer of chambers, several tube bundles are arranged in parallel to form a first-level tube panel, and several levels of tube panels are arranged in parallel.

Further preferably, the intervals between adjacent tube bundles in each stage of tube panels are equal, and the intervals between adjacent tube panels are equal.

The working method of the above-mentioned fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger disclosed by the present invention includes

When storing heat, the high-temperature gas enters from the high-temperature inlet/low-temperature outlet header, flows through the tube bundles in each layer chamber from top to bottom, and heats the solid particles in each layer chamber; the temperature rises after the solid particles absorb heat, and the heat is released storage; the high-temperature gas flows out from the high-temperature outlet/low-temperature inlet header after heat release; due to the flow of high-temperature gas, the solid particles are still, and the temperature of the high-temperature gas after heat release gradually increases from top to bottom in the fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger. Decrease, the temperature of the solid particles in the layer chamber decreases in steps from top to bottom;

When releasing heat, low-temperature gas enters from the high-temperature outlet/low-temperature inlet header, and flows through the tube bundles in each layer chamber from bottom to top. After absorbing the heat of solid particles, the low-temperature gas flows out from the high-temperature inlet/low-temperature outlet header; each stage The temperature of the solid particles in the layer chamber decreases after heat release, and the temperature of the solid particles in the layer chamber still shows a step-down distribution from top to bottom.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

The invention discloses a fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is divided into multi-layer chambers by heat insulation plates. The heat exchanger stores solid particles with successively lower temperatures in each layer from top to bottom, and the dense tube bundles are vertical. Buried in solid particles, the fluid flows through the tube bundle to exchange heat with the solid particles. Solid particles are still in each layer, and heat storage and release are realized through the increase and decrease of temperature. The solid particles of the system are in a static state, which can avoid wear on the wall of the heat exchanger, improve the safety and stability of the heat exchanger operation, and increase the service life of the heat exchanger; at the same time, there is no need to change the height of the solid particles, avoiding the Overcoming the gravitational potential energy of solid particles requires additional energy consumption, which reduces the power consumption of the heat exchanger system.

Furthermore, an insulation layer is provided outside the casing, which can effectively prevent heat loss.

Further, the cross section of the housing is a rounded rectangle, which facilitates the arrangement of the tube bundles.

Furthermore, an insulation layer is provided outside the interlayer header, which can effectively prevent heat loss.

Furthermore, the particle diameter of the solid particles is ≤0.5 mm, which can ensure a higher filling degree of the solid particles in the layer chamber, thereby ensuring a higher energy storage density of the solid particles.

Furthermore, the heights of each layer of chambers are equal, which can ensure that the stored energy of each layer of chambers is approximately equal, thereby ensuring that the temperature change trends of each stage of chambers during the heat exchange process are approximately equal.

Furthermore, the distance between adjacent tube bundles in the layer chamber is 20-40mm, which can ensure that the layer chamber has a larger heat transfer area between the tube bundle and the solid particles while storing more solid particles.

The working method of the above-mentioned fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger disclosed by the present invention has simple operation, good safety and stability, high utilization rate of energy and low power consumption.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view of the tube bundle and header of the fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the heat storage and discharge process of the fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 is the high temperature inlet/low temperature outlet header, 2 is the high temperature outlet/low temperature inlet header, 3 is the shell, 4 is the heat insulation board, 5 is the interlayer header, 6 is the solid particle, 7 is the tube bundle, 8 It is the upper header of the tube bundle, and 9 is the lower header of the tube bundle.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, and its content is explanation of the present invention rather than limitation:

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger of the present invention includes a high-temperature inlet/low-temperature outlet header 1, a high-temperature outlet/low-temperature inlet header 2, a shell 3, an interlayer header 5 and several insulation board 4;

A plurality of insulating plates 4 divide the interior of the shell 3 into several levels of chambers; each level of chambers includes an upper header 8 of a tube bundle, a lower header 9 of a tube bundle, and a plurality of tube bundles 7, and the two ends of the plurality of tube bundles 7 are connected to the upper header 8 of the tube bundle respectively. It communicates with the lower header 9 of the tube bundle, and the layer chamber is filled with solid particles 6, and several tube bundles 7 are buried vertically in the solid particle 6; for each level of layer chamber, two adjacent heat insulating plates 4 and the shell 3 are closed to form a layer chamber The tube bundle upper header 8 of the adjacent layer chamber is connected with the tube bundle lower header 9 through the interlayer header 5; the high temperature inlet/low temperature outlet header 1 is connected with the upper end of the tube bundle 7 of the uppermost layer chamber, and the high temperature outlet/low temperature inlet The box 2 communicates with the lower end of the tube bundle 7 of the lowest layer chamber.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the casing 3 is made of high temperature resistant material, and an insulation layer is provided outside the casing 3 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of the housing 3 is a rectangle with rounded corners.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an insulation layer is provided outside the interlayer header 5 .

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle diameter of the solid particles 6 is ≤0.5 mm, and the material is SiO ₂ , MgO, Al ₂ O ₃ or SiC.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heights of each layer of chambers are equal.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between adjacent tube bundles 7 in the chamber is 20-40mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in each level of chambers, several tube bundles 7 are arranged in parallel to form a first-level tube panel, and several levels of tube panels are arranged side by side in parallel to form a heat exchange core. Preferably, the intervals between adjacent tube bundles 7 in each stage of tube panels are equal, and the intervals between adjacent tube panels are equal.

The working method of the above-mentioned fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger:

During heat storage, high-temperature gas enters from the high-temperature inlet/low-temperature outlet header 1, flows through the tube bundles 7 in each layer chamber from top to bottom, and heats the solid particles 6 in each layer chamber; the temperature of the solid particles 6 after absorbing heat Rise to store heat; the high-temperature gas flows out from the high-temperature outlet/low-temperature inlet header 2 after releasing heat; due to the flow of high-temperature gas, the solid particles are still, and the temperature of the high-temperature gas after heat release is in the fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger Decrease gradually from top to bottom, and the temperature of solid particles 6 in the layer chamber decreases in steps from top to bottom;

When exothermic, the low-temperature gas enters from the high-temperature outlet/low-temperature inlet header 2 and flows through the tube bundles 7 in each layer chamber from bottom to top. After absorbing the heat of solid particles 6, the low-temperature gas flows from the high-temperature inlet/low-temperature outlet header 1 Outflow; the temperature of the solid particles 6 in each layer chamber decreases after exothermic, and the temperature of the solid particles 6 in the layer chambers still shows a step-down distribution from top to bottom.

As shown in Figure 4, it is a schematic diagram of the heat storage and discharge process of the fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger of the present invention, curve A represents the temperature distribution of high-temperature gas in the heat exchanger, and curve D represents the temperature distribution of low-temperature gas in the heat exchanger , curve B represents the temperature distribution of solid particles 6 in different chambers of the heat exchanger after the heat storage process ends or before the heat release process begins, and curve C represents the temperature distribution of solid particles in different chambers before the heat storage process begins or after the heat release process ends , in the heat storage process, the solid particles 6 are heated by the high-temperature gas, and the temperature of the solid particles 6 in each layer chamber rises synchronously, that is, the process of the solid particles 6 heating up from curve C to curve B; the exothermic process is opposite, as The process of solid particle 6 cooling from curve B to curve C.

The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, or utilize the present invention The equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made in the description and drawings, or the situation of direct or indirect application in other related technical fields shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger is characterized by comprising a high-temperature inlet/low-temperature outlet header (1), a high-temperature outlet/low-temperature inlet header (2), a shell (3), an interlayer header (5) and a plurality of heat insulation plates (4);

the inside of the shell (3) is divided into a plurality of layers of chambers by a plurality of heat insulation plates (4); each stage of layer chamber comprises a tube bundle upper header (8), a tube bundle lower header (9) and a plurality of tube bundles (7), wherein two ends of the tube bundles (7) are respectively communicated with the tube bundle upper header (8) and the tube bundle lower header (9), and solid particles (6) are filled in the layer chamber; the upper header (8) of the tube bundle of the adjacent layer chamber is communicated with the lower header (9) of the tube bundle through the interlayer header (5); the high-temperature inlet/low-temperature outlet header (1) is communicated with the upper end of the tube bundle (7) of the uppermost-stage chamber, and the high-temperature outlet/low-temperature inlet header (2) is communicated with the lower end of the tube bundle (7) of the lowermost-stage chamber.

2. The fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the shell (3) is made of a high-temperature resistant material, and an insulating layer is arranged outside the shell (3).

3. A stationary high temperature solid particle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the housing (3) is rounded rectangular.

4. A stationary high temperature solid particle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer part of the inter-layer header (5) is provided with a heat insulating layer.

5. The fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, wherein the solid particles (6) have a particle diameter of 0.5mm or less and are made of SiO ₂ 、MgO、Al ₂ O ₃ Or SiC.

6. The stationary high temperature solid particle heat exchanger of claim 1 wherein the height of each stage of the layer chamber is equal.

7. A stationary high temperature solid particle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacing between adjacent tube bundles (7) in the layer chamber is 20-40 mm.

8. A fixed high temperature solid particle heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that in each stage of the layer chamber, several tube bundles (7) are arranged in parallel to form a stage of tube panels, which are arranged in parallel.

9. A stationary high temperature solid particle heat exchanger as claimed in claim 8 wherein the spacing of adjacent tube bundles (7) in each stage of tube panels is equal and the spacing of adjacent tube panels is equal.

10. A method of operating a stationary high temperature solid particle heat exchanger as claimed in claims 1 to 9, comprising:

when in heat storage, high-temperature gas enters from a high-temperature inlet/low-temperature outlet header (1) and flows through a tube bundle (7) in each stage of layer chamber from top to bottom to heat solid particles (6) in each stage of layer chamber; the temperature of the solid particles (6) rises after absorbing heat, and the heat is stored; the high-temperature gas flows out from the high-temperature outlet/low-temperature inlet header (2) after heat release; the high-temperature gas flows, the solid particles are static, the temperature of the high-temperature gas gradually decreases from top to bottom in the fixed high-temperature solid particle heat exchanger after heat release, and the temperature of the solid particles (6) in the layer chamber is distributed in a stepped decreasing manner from top to bottom;

when releasing heat, low-temperature gas enters from the high-temperature outlet/low-temperature inlet header (2), flows through the tube bundles (7) in each stage of layer chamber from bottom to top, absorbs the heat of the solid particles (6) and flows out from the high-temperature inlet/low-temperature outlet header (1); the temperature of the solid particles (6) in each stage of layer chamber is reduced after heat release, and the temperature of the solid particles (6) in the layer chamber is still in stepped reduction distribution from top to bottom.

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