CN116221616A - Gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system and energy storage system control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system and a control method for the energy storage system, belonging to the technical field of energy storage. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system includes a gas storage, an energy storage component, an energy storage container, an energy release component and a first temperature stabilization component; the gas storage, the energy storage component, the energy storage container and the energy release component are sequentially connected in a closed loop The first temperature stabilizing component is arranged on the carbon dioxide energy storage path between the gas storage and the energy storage component, and the first temperature stabilizing component is configured to be able to regulate the temperature of the carbon dioxide from the gas storage to a set temperature, and Carbon dioxide having a set temperature is input to the energy storage component. Use the first temperature stabilizing component to regulate the temperature of the carbon dioxide from the gas storage to the set temperature, and then input it to the energy storage component for compression, which is conducive to making the energy storage component work under the design conditions and improving the gas-liquid phase transition Energy storage efficiency, stability and safety of carbon dioxide energy storage systems.

Description

Gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system and energy storage system control method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system and a control method for the energy storage system.

Background technique

Carbon dioxide has the advantages of low critical parameters (critical temperature is 31.1°C, critical pressure is 7.38MPa), non-toxic and pollution-free, stable physical properties, high density, etc. high advantage.

Related technologies provide various implementations for gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage systems, and various implementations involve using a compressor to compress gaseous carbon dioxide from a gas storage for energy storage.

However, for the current gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system, based on many factors, such as the temperature of carbon dioxide in the gas storage under long-term storage conditions, it is easy to change, which makes the compressor work under non-design or variable conditions. The energy storage efficiency of the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system is reduced, and it is easy to cause safety hazards.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system and a control method for the energy storage system, which can solve the technical problem in the related art that the compressor operates under non-design working conditions or changing working conditions. Specifically, it includes the following technologies plan.

On the one hand, a gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system is provided, including: a gas storage, an energy storage component, an energy storage container, an energy release component, and a first temperature stabilization component;

The gas storage, the energy storage component, the energy storage container and the energy release component are sequentially connected in a closed loop;

The first temperature stabilizing component is arranged on the carbon dioxide energy storage path between the gas storage and the energy storage component, and the first temperature stabilizing component is configured to be able to store carbon dioxide from the gas storage The temperature is regulated to a set temperature, and the carbon dioxide having the set temperature is input to the energy storage component.

In some possible implementation manners, the energy storage assembly includes at least one compression energy storage part, and each compression energy storage part includes a compressor and an energy storage heat exchanger sequentially connected along the flow direction of carbon dioxide.

In some possible implementation manners, the energy storage assembly includes at least two compression energy storage parts, the energy storage heat exchanger in the current compression energy storage part and the next compression energy storage device adjacent to it The compressor in the energy storage part is connected, and the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system also includes a second temperature stabilizing component;

The second temperature stabilizing component is connected to the carbon dioxide energy storage between the energy storage heat exchanger in the current compression energy storage part and the compressor in the next adjacent compression energy storage part On the pathway, the carbon dioxide output by the energy storage heat exchanger in the current compression energy storage part can flow into the second temperature stabilizing component and output as carbon dioxide with a set temperature into the next compression energy storage part of the compressor.

In some possible implementation manners, the first temperature stabilizing component includes a preheater, and the preheater is located upstream of the compressor of the first compression energy storage part.

In some possible implementation manners, the second temperature stabilizing component includes: a temperature stabilizing heat exchanger, the carbon dioxide channel of the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger is formed in the first compression path section along the flow direction of carbon dioxide, wherein the The first end and the second end of the first compression passage section are respectively connected to the energy storage heat exchanger in the current compression energy storage part and the compressor in the next compression energy storage part.

In some possible implementation manners, the second temperature stabilizing component further includes: a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant condenser, and a refrigerant expansion valve, and the refrigerant compressor, the refrigerant condenser, and the refrigerant The refrigerant expansion valve and the refrigerant channel of the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger are connected end to end in order to form a refrigerant circuit.

In some possible implementation manners, the second temperature stabilizing component further includes: a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant condenser, a refrigerant expansion valve, and a refrigerant evaporator;

The refrigerant channels of the refrigerant compressor, the refrigerant condenser, the refrigerant expansion valve, and the refrigerant evaporator are sequentially connected end to end to form a refrigerant circuit;

The water channel of the refrigerant evaporator and the water channel of the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger are connected end to end in sequence to form a cold water circuit.

In some possible implementation manners, the second temperature stabilizing component further includes a first water tank, and the water channel of the refrigerant evaporator, the first water tank, and the water channel of the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger are sequentially Connect to form a cold water circuit.

In some possible implementation manners, the energy storage assembly further includes: a second compression path section;

The second compression passage section is arranged in parallel with the first compression passage section, and the first converging end of the first compression passage section and the second compression passage section is connected to all the current compression energy storage parts. In the energy storage heat exchanger, the second converging end of the first compression path section and the second compression path section is connected to the compressor in the next compression energy storage part.

In some possible implementation manners, the energy release component includes: a carbon dioxide evaporator and at least one turbine part arranged in sequence along the carbon dioxide expansion passage;

The turbine section includes an energy release heat exchanger and a turbine connected in sequence along the flow direction of carbon dioxide.

In some possible implementations, the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system includes a second temperature stabilizing component, the second temperature stabilizing component includes a refrigerant condenser and a second water tank, and the water in the refrigerant condenser The channel, the second water tank and the water channel of the carbon dioxide evaporator are connected end to end in sequence to form a hot water circuit.

In some possible implementations, the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system further includes a heat exchange component, and the heat exchange component includes: a cold storage tank and a heat storage tank;

The first end of the cold storage tank and the first end of the heat storage tank are connected through a heat storage path;

The second end of the heat storage tank and the second end of the cold storage tank are connected through a heat release path;

The energy storage heat exchanger in the compression energy storage part is connected to the heat storage path between the cold storage tank and the heat storage tank;

The energy release heat exchanger in the turbine part is connected to the heat release path between the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank; the energy release heat exchanger has a heat release path communicated with the heat release path A carbon dioxide channel and a heat source channel for raising the temperature of carbon dioxide, the heat exchange medium coming out of the heat source channel supplies heat to the preheater.

In another aspect, an energy storage system control method is provided, and the energy storage system control method is applied to any of the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage systems described above;

The energy storage system control method includes:

In the valley section of electricity consumption, use the energy storage component to compress the gaseous carbon dioxide in the gas storage, and condense it into liquid carbon dioxide and store it in the energy storage container;

In the peak period of power consumption, the energy release component is used to convert the liquid carbon dioxide in the energy storage container into gaseous carbon dioxide to expand and release the energy and store it in the gas storage;

Wherein, during the compression process of the gaseous carbon dioxide, the first temperature stabilizing component is used to regulate the temperature of the carbon dioxide entering the energy storage component, so that the energy storage component operates under the design working condition.

The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention at least include:

The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize energy storage and release by compressing carbon dioxide, wherein energy storage is carried out in the valley section of electricity consumption, which includes using energy storage components to store gaseous carbon dioxide in the gas storage Compressed to form liquid carbon dioxide and stored in energy storage containers. Release energy for power generation during the electricity peak period, which includes expanding the liquid carbon dioxide in the energy storage container with the energy release component to form gaseous carbon dioxide and store it in the gas storage.

In particular, in the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, a first temperature stabilizing component is installed on the carbon dioxide energy storage path between the gas storage and the energy storage component, and the first temperature stabilizing component The temperature of the carbon dioxide in the gas storage is regulated to the set temperature, and then input to the energy storage component for compression, which is beneficial to make the energy storage component work under the design working conditions (that is, pre-designed pressure and temperature parameters), and is conducive to lifting the gas-liquid Energy storage efficiency, stability and safety of phase change carbon dioxide energy storage systems.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of a first exemplary gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural block diagram of a second exemplary gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural block diagram of a third exemplary gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural block diagram of a fourth exemplary gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural block diagram of a fifth exemplary gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a structural block diagram of a sixth exemplary gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference signs represent respectively:

001. Energy storage component; 002. Energy release component; 003. First temperature stabilizing component; 004. Second temperature stabilizing component;

1. Gas storage; 2. Energy storage container; 3. The first compressor; 4. The first energy storage heat exchanger; 5. Preheater; 6. Refrigerant compressor; 7. Refrigerant condenser; 8 . Refrigerant expansion valve; 9. Refrigerant evaporator; 10. Stabilizing heat exchanger; 11. The first water tank; 12. The first control valve; 13. The second control valve; 14. The first compression path section; 15 , the second compression path section; 16, the third control valve; 17, the carbon dioxide condenser; 18, the fourth control valve; 19, the carbon dioxide evaporator; 20, the carbon dioxide cooler; 21, the first energy release heat exchanger; 22 , the first turbine; 23, the cold storage tank; 24, the heat storage tank; 25, the energy storage medium cooler; 26, the fifth control valve; 27, the sixth control valve; 28 the seventh control valve; 29, the second 30, the second turbine; 31, the second compressor; 32, the second energy storage heat exchanger; 33, the second water tank.

By way of the above drawings, specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and will be described in more detail hereinafter. These drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate the inventive concept for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numerals in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples do not represent all implementations consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with aspects of the invention as recited in the appended claims.

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The current gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system is based on many factors, such as the temperature of carbon dioxide in the gas storage is prone to change under long-term storage conditions, which makes the compressor operate under non-design conditions or variable conditions. In turn, the energy storage efficiency of the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system is reduced, and it is easy to cause safety hazards.

In view of the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system, as shown in Figure 1, the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system includes: a gas storage 1, an energy storage component 001, The energy storage container 2, the energy release component 002 and the first temperature stabilizing component 003; the gas storage 1, the energy storage component 001, the energy storage container 2 and the energy releasing component 002 are sequentially connected in a closed loop; the first temperature stabilizing component 003 is set in the gas storage On the carbon dioxide energy storage path between the storage 1 and the energy storage component 001, the first temperature stabilizing component 003 is configured to be able to regulate the temperature of the carbon dioxide from the gas storage 1 to a set temperature, and Carbon dioxide is input to the energy storage component 001.

The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize energy storage and release by compressing carbon dioxide, wherein energy storage is carried out in the valley section of electricity consumption, which includes using the energy storage component 001 to store the energy in the gas storage 1 Gaseous carbon dioxide is compressed to form liquid carbon dioxide and stored in the energy storage container 2 . Release energy for power generation during the peak period of electricity consumption, which includes using the energy release component 002 to evaporate and heat up the liquid carbon dioxide in the energy storage container 2 into gaseous carbon dioxide and expand to do work, and the gaseous carbon dioxide after the work is stored in the gas storage library1.

In particular, in the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature stabilizing component 003 is provided on the carbon dioxide energy storage path between the gas storage 1 and the energy storage component 001, and the first temperature stabilizing component 003 is used to 003 regulates the temperature of the carbon dioxide from the gas storage 1 to the set temperature, and then inputs it to the energy storage component 001 for compression, which is beneficial to make the energy storage component 001 work under the design conditions (that is, pre-designed temperature parameters) , which is conducive to improving the energy storage efficiency, stability and safety of the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system.

The following is a further description of the structural arrangement and functions of the components involved in the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system:

In some implementations, the energy storage assembly 001 includes at least one compression energy storage part, each compression energy storage part includes a compressor and an energy storage heat exchanger sequentially connected along the flow direction of carbon dioxide. The compressor is used to compress carbon dioxide, and the energy storage heat exchanger is used to store the heat generated during the compression of carbon dioxide.

For example, FIG. 2 illustrates that the energy storage assembly 001 includes a first-stage compression energy storage part, and the compression energy storage part includes a first compressor 3 and a first energy storage heat exchanger 4 connected in sequence.

When the compression energy storage section is set to two or more stages, the energy storage heat exchanger in the current compression energy storage section is connected to the compressor in the next adjacent compression energy storage section.

For example, FIG. 3 illustrates that the energy storage assembly 001 includes two stages of compression energy storage parts, wherein the compression energy storage part of the first stage includes a first compressor 3 and a first energy storage heat exchanger 4 connected in sequence, The compression energy storage part of the second stage includes a second compressor 31 and a second energy storage heat exchanger 32 connected in sequence, wherein the first energy storage heat exchanger 4 is connected with the second compressor 31 .

In some examples, the energy storage assembly 001 includes at least two compression energy storage parts, the energy storage heat exchanger in the current compression energy storage part is connected to the compressor in the next compression energy storage part adjacent to it, further, As shown in FIG. 3 , the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system further includes a second temperature stabilizing component 004 .

The second temperature stabilizing component 004 is connected to the carbon dioxide energy storage path between the energy storage heat exchanger in the current compression energy storage part and the compressor in the next compression energy storage part adjacent to it. The carbon dioxide output by the energy storage heat exchanger can flow into the second temperature stabilizing component 004 and output as carbon dioxide with a set temperature to enter the compressor in the next compression energy storage part.

For example, accompanying drawing 3 illustrates that the second temperature stabilizing component 004 is connected between the first energy storage heat exchanger 4 in the first stage compression energy storage part and the second compressor 31 in the second stage compression energy storage part On the carbon dioxide energy storage path, the carbon dioxide output by the first energy storage heat exchanger 4 in the first stage compression energy storage part can flow into the second temperature stabilizing component 004 and output as carbon dioxide with a set temperature into the second stage compression energy storage The second compressor 31 in the department.

By further setting the second temperature stabilizing component 004 between the two-stage compression energy storage parts, the temperature of the carbon dioxide from the current compression energy storage part is regulated to the set temperature, and then input into the next stage compression energy storage part for further Compression, to further ensure that the energy storage component 001 operates under the design conditions, and further improve the energy storage efficiency, stability and safety of the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system.

In some implementations, the first temperature stabilizing component 003 includes a preheater 5, and the preheater 5 is located upstream of the compressor of the first compression energy storage part. For example, FIG. 2 illustrates that the preheater 5 is located upstream of the first compressor 3 . Here, upstream is defined by the flow direction of carbon dioxide from the gas storage 1 through the energy storage assembly 001 to the energy storage container 2 .

Further, a seventh control valve 28 is provided on the passage between the gas storage 1 and the preheater 5 to control the on-off of the current passage.

The carbon dioxide from the gas storage 1 passes through the seventh control valve 28 and the preheater 5 sequentially, and is heated by the preheater 5, so that the carbon dioxide entering the compressor of the first compression energy storage part reaches the set temperature.

Understandably, the preheater 5 has two built-in passages, one of which passes through carbon dioxide, and the other passes through a heating medium, and the heating medium is used to increase the temperature of the carbon dioxide. With such a setting, it is possible to determine whether to stabilize the temperature of the carbon dioxide at the outlet of the gas storage 1 according to the actual working conditions of the gas storage 1, making the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system more intelligent and flexible.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 3 , the second temperature stabilizing component 004 includes a temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10, and the carbon dioxide channel of the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10 is formed in the first compression path section 14 along the flow direction of carbon dioxide, Wherein, the first end and the second end of the first compression passage section 14 are respectively connected to the energy storage heat exchanger in the current compression energy storage part and the compressor in the next compression energy storage part. Wherein, accompanying drawing 3 illustrates that the first end and the second end of the first compression path section 14 are respectively connected to the first energy storage heat exchanger 4 in the first stage compression energy storage part and in the second stage compression energy storage part The second compressor 31.

By setting a temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10 to perform heat exchange treatment on the compressed carbon dioxide circulating in the multi-stage compression energy storage part, the temperature of the compressed carbon dioxide is always maintained at the set temperature, thereby ensuring that the energy storage component 001 operates under the design conditions, Further improve the energy storage efficiency, stability and safety of the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system.

For example, when the temperature of the compressed carbon dioxide from the first energy storage heat exchanger 4 is higher than the set temperature before entering the second compressor 31 (that is, it does not meet the design conditions), the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10 can compress the carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide cools down.

In some examples, a first control valve 12 is provided on the first compression path section 14 , and the first control valve 12 is located upstream of the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10 to control on-off of the first compression path section 14 .

In some examples (1), as shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the second temperature stabilization assembly 004 includes a temperature stabilization heat exchanger 10, a refrigerant compressor 6, a refrigerant condenser 7, and a refrigerant expansion valve 8 , wherein the refrigerant passages of the refrigerant compressor 6, the refrigerant condenser 7, the refrigerant expansion valve 8, and the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10 are connected end to end in order to form a refrigerant circuit.

In this example (1), the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10 has both a carbon dioxide channel and a refrigerant channel, and the second temperature stabilizing component 004 works in the following manner.

Refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit, and the refrigerant exchanges heat with the compressed carbon dioxide located in the carbon dioxide channel in the refrigerant channel of the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10. The compressed carbon dioxide releases heat and cools down, and the refrigerant absorbs heat and heats up, and then refrigerates The refrigerant is sequentially compressed by the refrigerant compressor 6 , condensed by the refrigerant condenser 7 , throttled and expanded by the refrigerant expansion valve 8 to realize temperature reduction and pressure reduction, and then circulated to the refrigerant channel of the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10 again.

Further, referring to accompanying drawing 3, the refrigerant circuit between the refrigerant expansion valve 8 and the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10 is provided with a second control valve 13, and the second control valve 13 is used to switch the refrigerant circuit. Control to determine whether to use the refrigerant to exchange heat with the compressed carbon dioxide according to the actual working conditions of the compressed carbon dioxide.

In some examples (2), as shown in FIG. 5 , the second temperature stabilizing component 004 includes: a temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10, a refrigerant compressor 6, a refrigerant condenser 7, a refrigerant expansion valve 8 and a refrigerant Evaporator9.

The refrigerant passages of the refrigerant compressor 6, the refrigerant condenser 7, the refrigerant expansion valve 8, and the refrigerant evaporator 9 are connected end to end in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit.

The water channel of the refrigerant evaporator 9 and the water channel of the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10 are connected end to end in order to form a cold water circuit.

In this example, the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10 has both a carbon dioxide channel and a water channel, and the refrigerant evaporator 9 has both a refrigerant channel and a water channel, and the second temperature stabilizing component 004 works in the following manner.

Refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant is compressed by the refrigerant compressor 6, and then enters the refrigerant condenser 7 to be condensed into a liquid state. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the refrigerant expansion valve 8 for throttling and expansion. The refrigerant then enters the refrigerant evaporator 9 to absorb heat to form a gaseous refrigerant, and the gaseous refrigerant is finally circulated to the refrigerant compressor 6 again.

The cooling water circuit circulates cooling water, which is cooled by refrigerant evaporator 9 to form low-temperature cooling water. The low-temperature cooling water enters the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10 to exchange heat with compressed carbon dioxide. The cooling of the compressed carbon dioxide in the warm heat exchanger 10 lowers the temperature.

Further, referring to accompanying drawing 5, a second control valve 13 is provided on the cold water circuit between the refrigerant evaporator 9 and the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10, and the second control valve 13 is used to control the on-off of the cold water circuit, Whether to use cooling water to exchange heat with compressed carbon dioxide can be determined according to the actual working conditions of compressed carbon dioxide.

In some examples (3), as shown in FIG. 6 , the second temperature stabilizing component 004 includes: a temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10, a refrigerant compressor 6, a refrigerant condenser 7, a refrigerant expansion valve 8, a refrigerant Evaporator 9 and first water tank 11.

The refrigerant passages of the refrigerant compressor 6, the refrigerant condenser 7, the refrigerant expansion valve 8, and the refrigerant evaporator 9 are connected end to end in sequence to form a refrigerant circuit.

The water channel of the refrigerant evaporator 9, the first water tank 11 and the water channel of the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10 are sequentially connected end to end to form a cold water circuit.

In this example, the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10 has both a carbon dioxide channel and a water channel, and the refrigerant evaporator 9 has both a refrigerant channel and a water channel, and the second temperature stabilizing component 004 works in the following manner.

Refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant is compressed by the refrigerant compressor 6, and then enters the refrigerant condenser 7 to be condensed into a liquid state. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the refrigerant expansion valve 8 for throttling and expansion. The refrigerant then enters the refrigerant evaporator 9 to exchange heat with the water from the first water tank 11, so that the refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates into a gaseous refrigerant, and the gaseous refrigerant finally circulates to the refrigerant compressor 6 again.

Cooling water is circulated in the water circuit, and the normal temperature cooling water from the first water tank 11 exchanges heat with the refrigerant evaporator 9 to form low temperature cooling water. The low temperature cooling water enters the stable temperature heat exchanger 10 and exchanges heat with the compressed carbon dioxide inside. The low-temperature cooling water absorbs heat and heats up, and the compressed carbon dioxide in the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10 cools down. After the cooling water absorbs heat and heats up, it finally circulates back to the first water tank 11 again.

Further, referring to accompanying drawing 6, the cold water circuit between the refrigerant evaporator 9 and the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger 10 is provided with a second control valve 13, and the second control valve 13 is used to control the on-off of the cold water circuit, Whether to use cooling water to exchange heat with compressed carbon dioxide can be determined according to the actual working conditions of compressed carbon dioxide.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit includes but is not limited to: at least one of R22 refrigerant, R410a refrigerant, and R404a refrigerant. and environmental requirements.

In the embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10 has both a carbon dioxide channel and a water channel, the temperature of the cooling water circulating in the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10 is 0°C to 20°C, for example, 0°C to 15°C , 0°C~10°C, etc., 0°C, 5°C, 8°C, 10°C, 13°C, 15°C, 18°C, 20°C can be selected to achieve a good effect of cooling and compressing carbon dioxide.

In some implementations, as shown in accompanying drawings 3-6, the energy storage assembly 001 further includes a second compression passage section 15; wherein, the second compression passage section 15 is arranged in parallel with the first compression passage section 14, and the second compression passage section 15 is arranged in parallel. The first converging end of a compression path section 14 and the second compression path section 15 is connected to the energy storage heat exchanger in the current compression energy storage part, and the second converging end of the first compression path section 14 and the second compression path section 15 Connect to the compressor in the next compression storage.

Taking accompanying drawing 3 as an example, it illustrates that the first converging end of the first compression path section 14 and the second compression path section 15 is connected to the first energy storage heat exchanger 4 in the first stage compression energy storage part, the first The second converging end of the first compression path section 14 and the second compression path section 15 is connected to the second compressor 31 in the second-stage compression energy storage part.

Further, a third control valve 16 is provided on the second compression passage section 15 to control the on-off of the second compression passage section 15 .

If the temperature of the compressed carbon dioxide from the energy storage heat exchanger of the current compression energy storage part is higher than the set temperature (i.e. does not meet the design conditions), then close the third control valve 16 to close the second compression path section 15, and simultaneously open The first control valve 12 is used to open the first compression path section 14, so that the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10 works to cool down the compressed carbon dioxide, specifically, the compressed carbon dioxide enters the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger 10 to cool down to the set temperature, and then The compressor that enters the compression energy storage section of the next stage.

Conversely, if the temperature of the compressed carbon dioxide from the energy storage heat exchanger of the current compression energy storage part reaches the set temperature, that is, its temperature meets the requirements of the design working conditions, then the third control valve 16 is opened to open the second compression path section 15 , and at the same time close the first control valve 12 to close the first compression passage section 14, and the compressed carbon dioxide directly enters the compressor of the next-stage compression energy storage part through the second compression passage section 15.

For the energy release assembly 002, referring to Fig. 2-Fig. 6, the energy release assembly 002 includes: a carbon dioxide evaporator 19 arranged in sequence along the carbon dioxide expansion passage, and at least one turbine part; energy release heat exchanger and turbine.

Turbine part can be arranged as one, also can be set as multiple in series (that is, multi-stage arrangement), for example, accompanying drawing 2 has illustrated that energy release assembly 002 includes a turbine part, and it includes along the flow direction of carbon dioxide and is connected successively The first energy release heat exchanger 21 and the first turbine 22 . Accompanying drawing 2-accompanying drawing 6 both illustrate that the energy release assembly 002 includes two turbine parts (that is, the turbine parts are arranged in two stages), which includes the first energy release heat exchanger 21, which is connected sequentially along the flow direction of carbon dioxide, The first turbine 22 , the second energy release heat exchanger 29 and the second turbine 30 .

In some examples, as shown in accompanying drawings 2-6, a fourth control valve 18 is provided on the carbon dioxide expansion path between the energy storage container 2 and the carbon dioxide evaporator 19 to control the opening and closing of the energy release assembly 002 .

The liquid carbon dioxide in the energy storage container 2 enters the carbon dioxide evaporator 19 for heat exchange. The liquid carbon dioxide absorbs heat and evaporates to form gaseous carbon dioxide. The gaseous carbon dioxide enters the turbine part to expand and do work, and then drives the generator to generate electricity. This includes the following steps. Gaseous carbon dioxide enters the energy release heat exchanger for heat exchange and temperature rise, and then enters the turbine for expansion to do work.

When the turbine part is arranged in multiple stages, the gaseous carbon dioxide will perform multi-stage expansion sequentially to do work, improving the energy release efficiency of the compressed carbon dioxide.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 4 , the second temperature stabilizing assembly 004 further includes a second water tank 33, the water channel of the refrigerant condenser 7, the second water tank 33 and the water channel of the carbon dioxide evaporator 19 are connected end to end in sequence to form a hot water circuit.

The second water tank 33 is used to provide cooling water as a heat exchange medium. The cooling water in the second water tank 33 enters the water channel of the refrigerant condenser 7 to exchange heat with the refrigerant inside. The cooling water absorbs heat and heats up, and the cooling water absorbs heat and heats up. After returning to the carbon dioxide evaporator 19, the cooling water after heat absorption and heating enters the carbon dioxide evaporator 19 for heat exchange and cooling, and the cooling water after heat exchange and cooling returns to the second water tank 33.

By setting the hot water circuit, the heat generated by the refrigerant condenser 7 is used to supply heat to the carbon dioxide evaporator 19, which can further improve the energy utilization rate of the present invention.

In some examples, the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by the embodiments of the present invention further includes a heat exchange component. As shown in FIG. 6 , the heat exchange component includes: a cold storage tank 23 and a heat storage tank 24 .

The first end of the cold storage tank 23 and the first end of the heat storage tank 24 are connected through a heat storage passage; the second end of the heat storage tank 24 and the second end of the cold storage tank 23 are connected through a heat release passage.

The energy storage heat exchanger in the compression energy storage part is connected to the heat storage path between the cold storage tank 23 and the heat storage tank 24 .

The energy release heat exchanger in the turbine part is connected to the heat release path between the heat storage tank 24 and the cold storage tank 23; the energy release heat exchanger has a carbon dioxide channel communicated with the heat release channel and a heat source channel for heating carbon dioxide , further, the heat exchange medium coming out of the heat source channel supplies heat to the preheater 5 . The heat exchange medium stored in the cold storage tank 23 and the heat storage tank 24 may be heat transfer oil or molten salt.

Taking the two-stage compression energy storage part and the two-stage turbine part shown in FIG. 6 as an example, the first energy storage heat exchanger 4 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 32 are respectively located in the cold storage tank 23 and the heat storage tank 24 The heat storage path between them, and the heat storage path where the first energy storage heat exchanger 4 is located is connected in parallel with the heat storage path where the second energy storage heat exchanger 32 is located.

The first energy release heat exchanger 21 is connected to the heat release path between the heat storage tank 24 and the cold storage tank 23, and the second energy release heat exchanger 29 is connected to the heat release path between the heat storage tank 24 and the cold storage tank 23. passage, and the heat release passage where the first energy release heat exchanger 21 is located is parallel to the heat release passage where the second energy release heat exchanger 29 is located.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 6 , a fifth control valve 26 is provided at the outlet of the cold storage tank 23 to control the opening and closing of the heat storage passage.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 6 , a sixth control valve 27 is provided at the outlet of the heat storage tank 24 to control the opening and closing of the heat release passage.

By arranging the cold storage tank 23 and the heat storage tank 24 as above, the heat of compression generated during the energy storage of the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system can be stored, and the stored heat of compression can be exchanged using the first energy release Device 21, the second energy release heat exchanger 29 heat up the carbon dioxide flowing through the heat release path, improve the temperature of carbon dioxide at the inlet of the first turbine 22 and the second turbine 30, thereby improving the carbon dioxide energy release efficiency of the heat release path (that is, the present invention energy release efficiency), further improving the energy utilization rate of the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system.

In some examples, the heat storage tank 24 , the sixth control valve 27 , the energy release heat exchanger in the turbine section, and the energy storage medium cooler 25 are sequentially connected through a heat release passage. The heat exchange medium stored in the heat storage tank 24 is further cooled and stored in the cold storage tank 23 through the energy storage medium cooler 25 through the first energy release heat exchanger 21 and the second energy release heat exchanger 29 for heat exchange and cooling, so that the cold storage The temperature of the heat exchange medium in the tank is maintained at a relatively low level, so that the heat exchange medium has a higher heat exchange efficiency in the first energy storage heat exchanger 4 and the second energy storage heat exchanger 32, and the carbon dioxide flowing through the heat storage passage is compressed The heat is fully absorbed, and the energy storage efficiency, energy storage stability and safety of the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system are improved.

In some examples, the energy release assembly also includes a carbon dioxide cooler 20, and the carbon dioxide cooler 20 is located between the turbine part and the gas storage 1. When the turbine part is multi-stage, the carbon dioxide cooler 20 is located in the last stage of the turbine. Between the turbine of the department and the gas storage 1, for example, accompanying drawing 6 illustrates that the carbon dioxide cooler 20 is located between the second turbine 30 and the gas storage 1, and the temperature of the carbon dioxide out of the turbine of the last stage turbine If it is higher than the design work requirements of the gas storage 1, it is cooled by the carbon dioxide cooler 20, so that the temperature of the carbon dioxide gas flowing into the gas storage 1 meets the design work requirements of the gas storage 1, if it is equal to or lower than the gas storage 1, the carbon dioxide from the turbine of the last stage turbine part directly flows into the gas storage 1, and the energy release ends.

Combining the arrangement of the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system mentioned above in the embodiment of the present invention, the following describes the situation when both the compression energy storage part and the turbine part are set to multiple stages, and the working principle of the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system To elaborate:

The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can compress carbon dioxide to store energy during the valley period of electricity consumption (ie, the period of low electricity consumption), which includes the following steps.

When it is in the valley section of power consumption, the energy storage component 001 works and the energy release component 002 closes, which requires closing the fourth control valve 18 and the sixth control valve 27 related to the energy release component 002 .

Open the seventh control valve 28, and the carbon dioxide from the gas storage enters the first temperature stabilizing component 003, that is, the preheater 5 to be preheated to the set temperature. The carbon dioxide that absorbs heat and heats up enters the compressor of the compression energy storage part for compression, and then the compressed carbon dioxide enters the energy storage heat exchanger of the compression energy storage part for heat exchange and cooling, and transfers the heat to the heat exchange from the cold storage tank 23 medium.

If the temperature of carbon dioxide at the outlet of the energy storage heat exchanger is higher than the design working condition due to the variable working condition of the compressor of the current compression energy storage part or the heat exchange deterioration of the energy storage heat exchanger, then open the first control valve 12 and The second control valve 13 closes the third control valve 16, so that carbon dioxide enters the second temperature stabilizing component 004 and cools down to the design working condition with low-temperature cooling water, and then enters the next compression energy storage unit. If the carbon dioxide temperature at the outlet of the energy storage heat exchanger of the current compression energy storage part meets the requirements of the design working conditions, then close the first control valve 12 and the second control valve 13, and open the third control valve 16, so that the carbon dioxide directly enters the next Compressed energy storage unit.

The compressor of the last-stage compression energy storage part compresses the carbon dioxide to the required energy storage pressure, and then the high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the energy storage heat exchanger of the last stage compression energy storage part for heat exchange and cooling, and transfers the heat to the The heat exchange medium in the cold storage tank 23, and then the initially cooled carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide condenser 17 to be condensed into liquid carbon dioxide, and the liquid carbon dioxide is finally stored in the energy storage container 2 to complete the compression of the carbon dioxide working medium.

During the above working process of the energy storage component 001, the heat exchange medium inside the multiple energy storage units in the multiple compression energy storage parts absorbs the heat from the compressed carbon dioxide, and the heat exchange medium after absorbing heat and rising in temperature is stored in the heat storage tank Within 24 hours, heat storage is completed.

The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can expand the compressed carbon dioxide to perform work during the peak period of electricity consumption (that is, the peak period of electricity consumption), which includes the following steps.

When it is at peak power consumption, close the first control valve 12, the second control valve 13, the third control valve 16, the fifth control valve 26, and the seventh control valve 28, and open the fourth control valve 18 and the sixth control valve 27 , the energy release component 002 works.

The liquid carbon dioxide in the energy storage container 2 enters the carbon dioxide evaporator 19 to absorb heat and evaporate into gaseous carbon dioxide. For example, it absorbs the heat released by the refrigerant condenser 7 in the hot water circuit shown in FIG. Gaseous carbon dioxide is formed, and the gaseous carbon dioxide enters the energy-releasing heat exchanger (for example, the first energy-releasing heat exchanger 21) of the turbine part of the first stage to exchange heat with part of the heat exchange medium from the heat storage tank 24 to form a high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger. Carbon dioxide, high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the turbine of the first-stage turbine, such as the first turbine 22, expands to do work, and then drives the generator to generate electricity, and forms medium-temperature and medium-pressure carbon dioxide.

Subsequently, the medium-temperature and medium-pressure carbon dioxide enters the energy release heat exchanger of the next-stage turbine, such as the second energy release heat exchanger 29, and exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium from the remaining part of the heat storage tank 24 to form a High-temperature and medium-pressure carbon dioxide, high-temperature and medium-pressure carbon dioxide enters the turbine of the next-stage turbine, for example, the second turbine 30 continues to expand and do work, driving the generator to generate electricity, and finally, the carbon dioxide passes through the last-stage turbine , forming carbon dioxide at low temperature and atmospheric pressure.

Finally, the carbon dioxide at low temperature and normal pressure is cooled by the carbon dioxide cooler 20 and then stored in the gas storage 1 to complete the expansion work of the carbon dioxide working medium.

During the above working process of the energy release component 002, the heat exchange medium inside the energy release heat exchangers of the turbines at each stage releases the stored heat to increase the temperature of gaseous carbon dioxide before expansion and work, thereby improving the efficiency of gaseous carbon dioxide expansion and work In this way, the heat exchange medium continues to cool down to the target temperature through the energy storage medium cooler 25 after releasing heat and cooling down, and is finally stored in the cold storage tank 23 to complete the release of heat.

It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention provides a gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system that can cope with variable working conditions. When the power consumption is low, the low-valley power is used to store energy, and the energy is released during the peak power consumption, that is, the energy can be realized. The storage and release of the energy storage system is stable and flexible, and can meet different energy storage pressure requirements, and further enhance the application range of the energy storage system, so that the compressor can operate under the design conditions, with high energy storage efficiency, and can also reduce the user's electricity costs.

In particular, by installing the first temperature stabilizing component 003 at the outlet of the gas storage 1, that is, the preheater 5, the temperature of the carbon dioxide at the inlet of the compressed energy storage part is kept constant, ensuring that the compressor operates under the design conditions and effectively improves the Energy storage system energy storage efficiency and stability.

By bypassing the second temperature stabilizing component 004 in the multi-level energy storage part, the second temperature stabilizing component 004 is used to cool down the overheated carbon dioxide to the design working condition, so as to ensure that the compressors of the energy storage parts at all levels can work as designed. It can effectively avoid the impact on subsequent equipment caused by the heat transfer deterioration of a certain level of energy storage part, and further improve the energy storage efficiency and stability of the energy storage system.

Furthermore, the heat released by the refrigerant condenser 7 in the hot water circuit is introduced into the carbon dioxide evaporator 19, which effectively improves the energy storage efficiency and energy utilization rate of the present invention.

Further, the embodiment of the present invention further defines the gas storage 1 and the energy storage container 2 as follows. In the embodiment of the present invention, the gas storage 1 is used to store gaseous carbon dioxide, and its internal pressure and temperature can be maintained within a certain range to meet energy storage requirements. Exemplarily, the pressure of the gaseous carbon dioxide in the gas storage 1 may be close to the ambient pressure, ie the surrounding atmospheric pressure.

In some examples, the temperature in the gas storage 1 is in the range of -40°C to 70°C, for example -40°C, 0°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, 35°C, 40°C, 50°C °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, etc., the difference between the air pressure inside the gas storage 1 and the outside atmosphere is less than 1000 Pa.

In some examples, the gas storage 1 adopts a film gas storage, and its volume can be changed. When carbon dioxide is charged, the volume of the gas storage 1 increases, and when carbon dioxide flows out, the volume of the gas storage 1 decreases. Small, so as to realize the constant pressure in the gas storage 1, that is to say, the gas storage 1 outputs carbon dioxide at a constant pressure. It should be noted that the pressure inside the gas storage 1 is maintained within a certain range, which can be approximately regarded as a constant value in the above analysis.

It can be understood that, in other implementation manners of the embodiment of the present invention, the gas storage 1 may also adopt other variable-volume containers.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage container 2 is used to store liquid carbon dioxide or gas-liquid mixed carbon dioxide, and the energy storage container 2 is a liquid storage tank.

In some examples, the pressure of the energy storage container 2, that is, the liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid storage tank is between 2MPa-10MPa. 10MPa etc.

In some examples, the liquid carbon dioxide in the energy storage container 2 , that is, the liquid storage tank, may not exceed 50°C, especially not exceed 30°C, for example, between 20°C and 30°C. Exemplarily, the temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide flowing into the liquid storage tank is 20°C-30°C, so that the temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid storage tank does not exceed 30°C, preventing the liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid storage tank from becoming supercritical carbon dioxide.

In some examples, the temperature of the liquid carbon dioxide in the energy storage container 2 , that is, the liquid storage tank, is 20°C-30°C, and the pressure is between 7MPa-7.5MPa. In this way, it can avoid the accidental increase of liquid carbon dioxide in the liquid storage tank, and the increase of pressure into supercritical carbon dioxide, which will cause potential safety hazards, so that the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system involved in the embodiment of the present invention is more suitable for deployment in residential areas and schools. , hospitals, stations, commercial centers and other crowded places.

On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention also provides an energy storage system control method, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage systems. The energy storage system control method includes the following steps.

In the valley section of electricity consumption, the energy storage component 001 is used to compress the gaseous carbon dioxide in the gas storage 1 to form liquid carbon dioxide and store it in the energy storage container 2 .

During the peak period of power consumption, the liquid carbon dioxide in the energy storage container 2 is expanded by the energy release component 002 to form gaseous carbon dioxide and stored in the gas storage 1 .

Wherein, during the process of compressing the gaseous carbon dioxide, the temperature of the carbon dioxide entering the energy storage component 001 is controlled by using the first temperature stabilizing component 003, so that the energy storage component 001 works under the design working conditions.

In some examples, based on the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system provided above, the method for controlling the energy storage system includes the following steps.

(1) When the energy storage component 001 is working and the energy release component 002 is closed when it is in the electricity consumption valley, it is necessary to close the fourth control valve 18 and the sixth control valve 27 related to the energy release component 002 .

Open the seventh control valve 28, the carbon dioxide from the gas storage enters the first temperature stabilizing component 003, that is, the preheater 5 is preheated to the set temperature, for example, the compression heat generated by the energy storage component is used to provide heat to improve the gas-liquid The thermal utilization rate of the heat generated by the phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system itself. The carbon dioxide that absorbs heat and heats up enters the compressor of the compression energy storage part for compression, and then the compressed carbon dioxide enters the energy storage heat exchanger of the compression energy storage part for heat exchange and cooling, and transfers the heat to the heat exchange from the cold storage tank 23 medium.

If the temperature of carbon dioxide at the outlet of the compressor of the current compression energy storage part is changed due to the variable working conditions or the heat transfer deterioration of the energy storage heat exchanger is higher than the design working condition, the first control valve 12 and the second control valve 13 are opened , close the third control valve 16, so that carbon dioxide enters the second temperature stabilizing component 004 and cools down to the design working condition with low-temperature cooling water, and then enters the next compression energy storage unit. If the carbon dioxide temperature at the outlet of the energy storage heat exchanger of the current compression energy storage part meets the requirements of the design working conditions, then close the first control valve 12 and the second control valve 13, and open the third control valve 16, so that the carbon dioxide directly enters the next Compressed energy storage unit.

The compressor of the last-stage compression energy storage part compresses the carbon dioxide to the required energy storage pressure, and then the high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the energy storage heat exchanger of the last stage compression energy storage part for heat exchange and cooling, and transfers the heat to the The heat exchange medium in the cold storage tank 23, and then the initially cooled carbon dioxide enters the carbon dioxide condenser 17 to be condensed into liquid carbon dioxide, and the liquid carbon dioxide is finally stored in the energy storage container 2 to complete the compression of the carbon dioxide working medium.

During the above working process of the energy storage component 001, the heat exchange medium inside the multiple energy storage units in the multiple compression energy storage parts absorbs the heat from the compressed carbon dioxide, and the heat exchange medium after absorbing heat and rising in temperature is stored in the heat storage tank Within 24 hours, heat storage is completed.

(2) When it is in peak power consumption, close the first control valve 12, the second control valve 13, the third control valve 16, the fifth control valve 26, the seventh control valve 28, open the fourth control valve 18 and the sixth control valve The control valve 27 and the energy release assembly 002 work.

The liquid carbon dioxide in the energy storage container 2 enters the carbon dioxide evaporator 19 for heat exchange. The liquid carbon dioxide absorbs heat and evaporates to form gaseous carbon dioxide. The heat exchanger 21) exchanges heat with part of the heat exchange medium from the heat storage tank 24 to raise the temperature to form high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide, and the high-temperature and high-pressure carbon dioxide enters the turbine of the first-stage turbine part, that is, the first turbine 22 expands and performs work , and then drive the generator to generate electricity, and form carbon dioxide at medium temperature and pressure.

Subsequently, the medium-temperature and medium-pressure carbon dioxide enters the energy release heat exchanger of the next-stage turbine, such as the second energy release heat exchanger 29, and exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium from the remaining part of the heat storage tank 24 to form a High-temperature and medium-pressure carbon dioxide, high-temperature and medium-pressure carbon dioxide enters the turbine of the next-stage turbine, for example, the second turbine 30 continues to expand and do work, driving the generator to generate electricity, and finally, the carbon dioxide passes through the last-stage turbine , forming carbon dioxide at low temperature and atmospheric pressure.

Finally, the carbon dioxide at low temperature and normal pressure is cooled by the carbon dioxide cooler 20 and then stored in the gas storage 1 to complete the expansion work of the carbon dioxide working medium.

During the above working process of the energy release component 002, the heat exchange medium inside the energy release heat exchangers of the turbines at each stage releases the stored heat for gaseous carbon dioxide to expand and do work. In this way, the heat exchange medium releases heat and cools down Afterwards, it continues to be cooled to the target temperature through the energy storage medium cooler 25, and finally stored in the cold storage tank 23 to complete the release of heat.

In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for description purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined.

The above description is only for those skilled in the art to understand the technical solutions of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system, characterized in that it comprises: a gas storage, an energy storage component, an energy storage container, an energy release component and a first temperature stabilization component; The gas storage, the energy storage component, the energy storage container and the energy release component are sequentially connected in a closed loop; The first temperature stabilizing component is arranged on the carbon dioxide energy storage path between the gas storage and the energy storage component, and the first temperature stabilizing component is configured to be able to store carbon dioxide from the gas storage The temperature is regulated to a set temperature, and the carbon dioxide having the set temperature is input to the energy storage component. 2. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage assembly includes at least one compressed energy storage part, and each compressed energy storage part includes sequentially along the flow direction of carbon dioxide Connected compressor with energy storage heat exchanger. 3. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the energy storage assembly includes at least two compressed energy storage parts, and the current storage in the compressed energy storage parts The energy heat exchanger is connected to the compressor in the next adjacent compression energy storage part; The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system also includes a second temperature stabilizing component, which is connected to the energy storage heat exchanger in the current compression energy storage part and the next adjacent one. On the carbon dioxide energy storage path between the compressors in the compression energy storage part, the carbon dioxide output by the energy storage heat exchanger in the compression energy storage part can flow into the second temperature stabilizing component and The output is carbon dioxide having a set temperature and enters the compressor in the next said compression storage part. 4. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein the first temperature stabilizing component includes a preheater, and the preheater is located in the first compressed energy storage part. upstream of the compressor. 5. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein the second temperature stabilizing component comprises: a temperature stabilizing heat exchanger, the carbon dioxide channel of the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger is along the carbon dioxide The flow direction of is formed in the first compression passage section, wherein the first end and the second end of the first compression passage section are respectively connected to the energy storage heat exchanger in the current compression energy storage part and the next The compressor in the compression energy storage. 6. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein the second temperature stabilizing component further comprises: a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant condenser, and a refrigerant expansion valve, and the refrigerant The refrigerant compressor, the refrigerant condenser, the refrigerant expansion valve, and the refrigerant channels of the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger are connected end to end in order to form a refrigerant circuit. 7. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein the second temperature stabilizing component further comprises: a refrigerant compressor, a refrigerant condenser, a refrigerant expansion valve, a refrigerant evaporation device; The refrigerant channels of the refrigerant compressor, the refrigerant condenser, the refrigerant expansion valve, and the refrigerant evaporator are sequentially connected end to end to form a refrigerant circuit; The water channel of the refrigerant evaporator and the water channel of the temperature stabilizing heat exchanger are connected end to end in sequence to form a cold water circuit. 8. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to claim 7, wherein the second temperature stabilizing component further comprises a first water tank, the water channel of the refrigerant evaporator, the first water tank The water channels of the temperature-stabilizing heat exchanger are connected end to end in sequence to form a cold water circuit. 9. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein the energy storage component further comprises: a second compression passage section; The second compression passage section is arranged in parallel with the first compression passage section, and the first converging end of the first compression passage section and the second compression passage section is connected to all the current compression energy storage parts. In the energy storage heat exchanger, the second converging end of the first compression path section and the second compression path section is connected to the compressor in the next compression energy storage part. 10. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the energy release component comprises: a carbon dioxide evaporator sequentially arranged along the carbon dioxide expansion path, at least one permeable Hirabe; The turbine section includes an energy release heat exchanger and a turbine connected in sequence along the flow direction of carbon dioxide. 11. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to claim 10, characterized in that, the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system comprises a second temperature stabilizing component, and the second temperature stabilizing component includes a refrigerant condensing The water channel of the refrigerant condenser, the water channel of the second water tank and the carbon dioxide evaporator are connected end to end in order to form a hot water circuit. 12. The gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to claim 10, characterized in that, the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system further comprises a heat exchange component, and the heat exchange component includes: a cold storage tank, a storage tank hot pot; The first end of the cold storage tank and the first end of the heat storage tank are connected through a heat storage path; The second end of the heat storage tank and the second end of the cold storage tank are connected through a heat release path; The energy storage heat exchanger in the compression energy storage part is connected to the heat storage path between the cold storage tank and the heat storage tank; The energy release heat exchanger in the turbine part is connected to the heat release path between the heat storage tank and the cold storage tank; the energy release heat exchanger has a heat release path communicated with the heat release path A carbon dioxide channel and a heat source channel for raising the temperature of carbon dioxide, the heat exchange medium coming out of the heat source channel supplies heat to the preheater. 13. An energy storage system control method, characterized in that the energy storage system control method is applied to the gas-liquid phase change carbon dioxide energy storage system according to any one of claims 1-12; The energy storage system control method includes: In the valley section of electricity consumption, use the energy storage component to compress the gaseous carbon dioxide in the gas storage, and condense it into liquid carbon dioxide and store it in the energy storage container; In the peak period of power consumption, the energy release component is used to convert the liquid carbon dioxide in the energy storage container into gaseous carbon dioxide to expand and release the energy and store it in the gas storage; Wherein, during the compression process of the gaseous carbon dioxide, the first temperature stabilizing component is used to regulate the temperature of the carbon dioxide entering the energy storage component, so that the energy storage component operates under the design working condition.

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