CN116219230B - High-temperature alloy sealing plate material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature alloy sealing plate material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
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- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
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- B22D25/04—Casting metal electric battery plates or the like
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/04—Refining by applying a vacuum
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- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature alloy sealing plate material and a preparation method thereof, wherein a pure and uniform steel ingot is obtained by adopting a vacuum induction furnace for smelting and vacuum consumable remelting, and a flat steel material with uniform structure is prepared by adopting optimized heating system, forging process, forging heating temperature and heat preservation measures in the forging process after heat treatment, wherein the grain size difference of the cross section and the longitudinal surface of the flat steel is no more than 2.5 levels, the average grain size reaches 7.0-7.5 levels, and the flat steel material has good transverse mechanical property and high-temperature creep property; the high-temperature alloy material is produced by the method, the notch sensitivity of the high-temperature durability at 733 ℃ is eliminated, the durable breaking time is more than 200 hours, and the elongation after breaking is more than 20 percent; meets the performance requirement of the high-temperature alloy for the sealing plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-temperature alloy material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a sealing plate material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of alloy material application.
Background
The sealing plate high-temperature alloy material is used for processing high-temperature fasteners, bearing parts and high Wen Luomu bolts of a gas turbine, and is used for bearing high-temperature and high-load actions and also bearing the cyclic action of hot corrosion and torsion force of parts in the gas turbine, so that the sealing plate high-temperature alloy material has high strength index and good high-temperature creep property, and especially has requirements on transverse performance and longitudinal and transverse mechanical properties of the material. At present, high-temperature creep property required by materials is difficult to be met by high-temperature alloy flat steel, various properties are unstable, the grain size difference is large, and the high-temperature creep property cannot be met to serve in a required working environment, so that the development of the sealing plate high-temperature alloy material has very important significance.
The material prepared by the existing preparation method of the high-temperature alloy flat steel for the sealing plate is low in transverse strength standard, poor in high-temperature creep property, notch sensitivity and free of stable durability, and in the use process, the material has notch sensitivity at the high-temperature durability at 733 ℃, the durable breaking time is less than 80 hours, and the elongation after breaking is less than 5%, so that the service life of the material is short, and the performance requirement of the material for the sealing plate cannot be met. On the other hand, the structure of the transverse section and the longitudinal section of the sealing plate is uneven, mixed crystals are serious, the grain size is 3-5 grades different, and the longitudinal performance and the transverse performance are uneven.
Therefore, how to improve the performance of the high-temperature alloy material for the sealing plate is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides a superalloy sealing plate material and a preparation method thereof, so as to meet the use requirements under complex working environments. The technical aim of the invention is to provide a sealing plate material with good high-temperature durability, high grain size, small difference between transverse and longitudinal performances, good tissue uniformity and small difference between grain sizes and a preparation method thereof.
The invention aims at providing a preparation method of a high-temperature alloy sealing plate material, which is characterized by comprising the following element components :C:≤0.08%、Cr:14.0~17.0%、Fe:5.0~9.0%、Nb:0.7~1.2%、Al:0.4~1.0%、Ti:2.25~2.75%、Mg:0.02~0.07%、B:0.004~0.012%、Zr:0.03~0.09%、, the balance of Ni and unavoidable impurities in percentage by weight;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Preparing an alloy according to the component proportions of the elements, smelting and homogenizing by a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is 1470-1490 ℃, and the content of each element is regulated in the smelting process to ensure that the weight ratio of each element meets the design requirement, so as to prepare molten steel;
Step B, heating the molten steel in the step A to 1490-1520 ℃ for refining, continuously deoxidizing and degassing, volatilizing harmful impurity elements, adjusting the content of alloy elements, homogenizing, and reducing component segregation; determining refining time according to the change of the air leakage rate, adding aluminum and titanium during power failure and cooling in the later period of refining, sampling and analyzing during the period, and adjusting components to prepare high-quality molten steel;
Pouring the high-quality molten steel obtained in the step B into an electrode rod under a vacuum condition, and adding 10kgNi-Mg, 4.8-kgZr and 3.3-kgB-Fe before tapping;
Step D, taking the electrode rod in the step C as an electrode, polishing, and then placing the electrode rod in a vacuum consumable furnace for secondary remelting and purification to form a consumable ingot;
E, heating the consumable ingot prepared in the step D to 1200 ℃, and preserving heat for 48 hours to perform homogenization treatment;
Step F, heating the steel ingot in the step E to 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, performing measures such as cooling, heating, covering and the like by using a press through two upsetting and two pulling, rapidly forging into a material, and performing air cooling;
And G, carrying out post-forging heat treatment on the section bar forged in the step F: slowly cooling to room temperature after forging, re-charging into a furnace, continuously heating to 1080 ℃ at 980 ℃, preserving heat for 3.5h, air-cooling to less than 300 ℃, heating to 843 ℃ in the furnace, preserving heat for 24h, air-cooling to 600 ℃, heating to 704 ℃ in the furnace, preserving heat for 20h, discharging and air-cooling to obtain the required material.
The high-temperature alloy sealing plate material prepared by the method provided by the invention has good tissue uniformity, and the high-temperature durability effect and the grain size effect of the sealing plate material are improved by adopting the method for control. The high-temperature alloy material produced by the method eliminates the notch sensitivity of 733 ℃ high temperature durability, the durable breaking time is more than 200 hours, the durable breaking elongation is more than 20 percent, the performance requirement of the high-temperature alloy for the sealing plate can be well met, the material has excellent high-temperature creep property, and good economic and social benefits, and is suitable for popularization and use. By adding microelements such as 10kgNi-Mg, 4.8kgZr and 3.3kgB-Fe before tapping in the step C, the high-temperature creep property of the material can be improved, the grain boundary is reinforced, and the plasticity and the yield strength of the sealing plate material are enhanced at low temperature, room temperature and high temperature.
Further, in the step A, molten steel is melted in a 6T vacuum induction furnace.
Further, in the step B, the refining time of the vacuum induction furnace is determined according to the air leakage rate.
Further, in the step C, refining is performed in a 6T vacuum induction furnace.
Further, in the step E, the homogenization treatment is performed in a high-temperature furnace, and the homogenization treatment is performed by firstly preserving heat at 1160 ℃ for 24 hours and then raising the temperature to the homogenization temperature of 1200 ℃ for 48 hours.
Further, in the step F, under the condition of adopting heat preservation measures such as cooling forging, heating, wrapping and the like, the key heating is respectively and rapidly molded and forged according to 1070 ℃, 1090 ℃, 1100 ℃, 1130 ℃ and 1160 ℃, and finally, the key heating is determined to be optimal according to the wrapping heating and rapid forging of 1090 ℃.
Further, in the step G, the heat treatment is carried out in an 8t resistance furnace, and the temperature is continuously raised to 1080 ℃ after 980 ℃ to heat charging.
Further, the high-temperature alloy sealing plate material comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c:0.06%, cr:15.2%, fe:8.2%, nb:1.0%, al:0.7%, ti:2.54%, mg:0.05%, B:0.009%, zr:0.06%, the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities.
Further, the impurities are: in terms of weight percentage, N is less than or equal to 0.004 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, wherein the content of N in the preparation process is controlled to be less than or equal to 20ppm; s content is controlled to be less than or equal to 15ppm.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The high-temperature alloy material produced by the method eliminates the notch sensitivity of 733 ℃ high temperature durability, the durable breaking time is more than 200h, and the durable breaking elongation is more than 20%. The performance requirement of the high-temperature alloy for the sealing plate is met, so that the material has excellent high-temperature creep performance, good economic benefit and social benefit, and is suitable for popularization and use;
(2) The high-temperature alloy sealing plate material provided by the invention has uniform structure, smelting and pouring are carried out in a vacuum environment, and trace elements such as 10kgNi-Mg, 4.8kgZr and 3.3kg B-Fe are added before tapping, so that the high-temperature creep property of the material is improved, the grain boundary is reinforced, and the plasticity and yield strength of the sealing plate material are enhanced at low temperature, room temperature and high temperature. Adopting a 6000T press for forging, wrapping at 1100 ℃ by two upsetting two drawing steps, cooling and forging, heating to forge quickly, cooling slowly to room temperature after forging, re-charging into a furnace, continuously heating to 1080 ℃ at 980 ℃ for 3.5h, cooling to less than 300 ℃ by air, heating to 843 ℃ by air, preserving heat for 24h, cooling to 600 ℃ by air, heating to 704 ℃ by air, preserving heat for 20h, discharging and cooling to obtain the required material, ensuring that the alloy structure is uniform, the difference between the transverse grain size and the longitudinal grain size is not more than 2.5 level, the average grain size reaches 7.0-7.5 level, and the alloy has good transverse mechanical property and high-temperature creep property.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A high-temperature alloy sealing plate material comprises the following element components in percentage by weight:
C:0.08%, cr:14.0%, fe:5.0%, nb:0.7%, al:0.4%, ti:2.25%, mg:0.02%, B:0.004%, zr:0.03%, N:0.004%, S:0.01%, the balance being Ni;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Preparing alloy according to the component proportions of the elements, smelting and homogenizing by a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is 1470 ℃, and adjusting the content of each element in the smelting process to ensure that the weight ratio meets the design requirement, and preparing molten steel in a 6T vacuum induction furnace;
Step B, heating the molten steel in the step A to 1490 ℃ for refining, continuously deoxidizing and degassing, volatilizing harmful impurity elements, adjusting the content of alloy elements, homogenizing the alloy elements, and reducing component segregation; determining refining time according to the change of the air leakage rate, adding aluminum and titanium during power failure and cooling in the later period of refining, sampling and analyzing during the period, and adjusting components to prepare high-quality molten steel;
Pouring the high-quality molten steel obtained in the step B into an electrode rod under vacuum condition, refining by a 6T vacuum induction furnace, and adding 10kgNi-Mg (m: m=1:1), 4.8kgZr and 3.3kgB-Fe (m: m=1:1) before tapping;
Step D, taking the electrode rod in the step C as an electrode, polishing, and then placing the electrode rod in a vacuum consumable furnace for secondary remelting and purification to form a consumable ingot;
e, heating the consumable ingot prepared in the step D to 1200 ℃, and preserving heat for 48 hours to perform homogenization treatment; the homogenization treatment is carried out in a high-temperature furnace, and is carried out by firstly preserving the temperature at 1160 ℃ for 24 hours, then raising the temperature to the homogenization temperature of 1200 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 48 hours.
Step F, heating the steel ingot in the step E to 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, performing measures such as cooling, heating, covering and the like by using a press through two upsetting and two pulling, rapidly forging into a material, and performing air cooling; under the condition of adopting heat preservation measures such as cooling forging, baking, sheath and the like, carrying out rapid forming forging according to the key heat respectively at 1070 ℃, 1090 ℃, 1100 ℃, 1130 ℃ and 1160 ℃, and finally determining that the rapid forging of the key heat according to the sheath baking at 1090 ℃ is optimal;
And G, carrying out post-forging heat treatment on the section bar forged in the step F: slowly cooling to room temperature after forging, performing heat treatment in an 8t resistance furnace, re-charging, continuously heating to 1080 ℃ at 980 ℃ and preserving heat for 3.5 hours, air cooling to less than 300 ℃, charging to 843 ℃, preserving heat for 24 hours, then air cooling to 600 ℃, charging to 704 ℃, preserving heat for 20 hours, discharging and air cooling to obtain the required material;
in the preparation process, the N content is controlled to be less than or equal to 20ppm; s content is controlled to be less than or equal to 15ppm.
Example 2
A high-temperature alloy sealing plate material comprises the following element components in percentage by weight:
C:0.06%, cr:15.2%, fe:8.2%, nb:1.0%, al:0.7%, ti:2.54%, mg:0.05%, B:0.009%, zr:0.06%, N:0.002%, S:0.008% and the balance Ni;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Preparing alloy according to the component proportions of the elements, smelting and homogenizing by a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is 1490 ℃, and adjusting the content of each element in the smelting process to ensure that the weight ratio of each element meets the design requirement, and preparing molten steel in a 6T vacuum induction furnace;
step B, heating the molten steel in the step A to 1520 ℃ for refining, continuously deoxidizing and degassing, volatilizing harmful impurity elements, adjusting the content of alloy elements, homogenizing the alloy elements, and reducing component segregation; determining refining time according to the change of the air leakage rate, adding aluminum and titanium during power failure and cooling in the later period of refining, sampling and analyzing during the period, and adjusting components to prepare high-quality molten steel;
Pouring the high-quality molten steel obtained in the step B into an electrode rod under vacuum condition, refining by a 6T vacuum induction furnace, and adding 10kgNi-Mg (m: m=1:1), 4.8kgZr and 3.3kgB-Fe (m: m=1:1) before tapping;
Step D, taking the electrode rod in the step C as an electrode, polishing, and then placing the electrode rod in a vacuum consumable furnace for secondary remelting and purification to form a consumable ingot;
e, heating the consumable ingot prepared in the step D to 1200 ℃, and preserving heat for 48 hours to perform homogenization treatment; the homogenization treatment is carried out in a high-temperature furnace, and is carried out by firstly preserving the temperature at 1160 ℃ for 24 hours, then raising the temperature to the homogenization temperature of 1200 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 48 hours.
Step F, heating the steel ingot in the step E to 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, performing measures such as cooling, heating, covering and the like by using a press through two upsetting and two pulling, rapidly forging into a material, and performing air cooling; under the condition of adopting heat preservation measures such as cooling forging, baking, sheath and the like, carrying out rapid forming forging according to the key heat respectively at 1070 ℃, 1090 ℃, 1100 ℃, 1130 ℃ and 1160 ℃, and finally determining that the rapid forging of the key heat according to the sheath baking at 1090 ℃ is optimal;
And G, carrying out post-forging heat treatment on the section bar forged in the step F: slowly cooling to room temperature after forging, performing heat treatment in an 8t resistance furnace, re-charging, continuously heating to 1080 ℃ at 980 ℃ and preserving heat for 3.5 hours, air cooling to less than 300 ℃, charging to 843 ℃, preserving heat for 24 hours, then air cooling to 600 ℃, charging to 704 ℃, preserving heat for 20 hours, discharging and air cooling to obtain the required material;
in the preparation process, the N content is controlled to be less than or equal to 20ppm; s content is controlled to be less than or equal to 15ppm.
Example 3
A high-temperature alloy sealing plate material comprises the following element components in percentage by weight:
C:0.05%, cr:17.0%, fe:9.0%, nb:1.2%, al:1.0%, ti:2.75%, mg:0.07%, B:0.012%, zr:0.09%, N:0.002%, S:0.005% Ni in balance;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
Preparing alloy according to the component proportions of the elements, smelting and homogenizing by a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is 1490 ℃, and adjusting the content of each element in the smelting process to ensure that the weight ratio of each element meets the design requirement, and preparing molten steel in a 6T vacuum induction furnace;
step B, heating the molten steel in the step A to 1520 ℃ for refining, continuously deoxidizing and degassing, volatilizing harmful impurity elements, adjusting the content of alloy elements, homogenizing the alloy elements, and reducing component segregation; determining refining time according to the change of the air leakage rate, adding aluminum and titanium during power failure and cooling in the later period of refining, sampling and analyzing during the period, and adjusting components to prepare high-quality molten steel;
Pouring the high-quality molten steel obtained in the step B into an electrode rod under vacuum condition, refining by a 6T vacuum induction furnace, and adding 10kgNi-Mg (m: m=1:1), 4.8kgZr and 3.3kgB-Fe (m: m=1:1) before tapping;
Step D, taking the electrode rod in the step C as an electrode, polishing, and then placing the electrode rod in a vacuum consumable furnace for secondary remelting and purification to form a consumable ingot;
e, heating the consumable ingot prepared in the step D to 1200 ℃, and preserving heat for 48 hours to perform homogenization treatment; the homogenization treatment is carried out in a high-temperature furnace, and is carried out by firstly preserving the temperature at 1160 ℃ for 24 hours, then raising the temperature to the homogenization temperature of 1200 ℃ and preserving the temperature for 48 hours.
Step F, heating the steel ingot in the step E to 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, performing measures such as cooling, heating, covering and the like by using a press through two upsetting and two pulling, rapidly forging into a material, and performing air cooling; under the condition of adopting heat preservation measures such as cooling forging, baking, sheath and the like, carrying out rapid forming forging according to the key heat respectively at 1070 ℃, 1090 ℃, 1100 ℃, 1130 ℃ and 1160 ℃, and finally determining that the rapid forging of the key heat according to the sheath baking at 1090 ℃ is optimal;
And G, carrying out post-forging heat treatment on the section bar forged in the step F: slowly cooling to room temperature after forging, performing heat treatment in an 8t resistance furnace, re-charging, continuously heating to 1080 ℃ at 980 ℃ and preserving heat for 3.5 hours, air cooling to less than 300 ℃, charging to 843 ℃, preserving heat for 24 hours, then air cooling to 600 ℃, charging to 704 ℃, preserving heat for 20 hours, discharging and air cooling to obtain the required material;
in the preparation process, the N content is controlled to be less than or equal to 20ppm; s content is controlled to be less than or equal to 15ppm.
Test case
According to the method of the embodiment 1-3, 50 samples are respectively produced, and the performance of all the samples is tested, and the result shows that the prepared high-temperature alloy material has uniform structure, the difference of the transverse grain size and the longitudinal grain size of the obtained samples is not more than 2.5, the average grain size reaches 7.0-7.5, and the high-temperature creep property and the transverse mechanical property are good; the high-temperature alloy material is produced by the method, the notch sensitivity of the high temperature of 733 ℃ is eliminated, the lasting fracture time is more than 200 hours, the performance requirement of the material high-temperature alloy for the sealing plate is met, and the material has excellent high-temperature creep property.
The high-temperature alloy obtained by adopting the method in the patent CN112359302B has the lasting fracture time of 147 hours and the grain size of 6 grades.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the high-temperature alloy sealing plate material is characterized by comprising the following element components :C:≤0.08%、Cr:14.0~17.0%、Fe:5.0~9.0%、Nb:0.7~1.2%、Al:0.4~1.0%、Ti:2.25~2.75%、Mg:0.02~0.07%、B:0.004~0.012%、Zr:0.03~0.09%、, the balance of Ni and unavoidable impurities in percentage by weight;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step A, preparing alloy according to the proportion of the elements, and smelting and homogenizing by a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the smelting temperature is 1470-1490 ℃ to prepare molten steel;
step B, heating the molten steel in the step A to 1490-1520 ℃ for refining, continuously deoxidizing and degassing, volatilizing harmful impurity elements, adjusting the content of alloy elements, homogenizing, and reducing component segregation; determining refining time according to the change of the air leakage rate, adding aluminum and titanium during power failure and cooling in the later period of refining, sampling and analyzing during the period, and adjusting components to prepare high-quality molten steel;
C, refining in a 6T vacuum induction furnace, pouring the high-quality molten steel in the step B into an electrode rod under a vacuum condition, and adding 10kg of Ni-Mg, 4.8kg of Zr and 3.3kg of B-Fe before tapping; wherein the mass ratio of Ni to Mg in Ni-Mg is 1:1, and the mass ratio of B to Fe in B-Fe is 1:1;
Step D, taking the electrode rod in the step C as an electrode, polishing, and then placing the electrode rod in a vacuum consumable furnace for secondary remelting and purification to form a consumable ingot;
E, heating the consumable ingot prepared in the step D to 1200 ℃, and preserving heat for 48 hours to perform homogenization treatment;
step F, heating the steel ingot in the step E to 1160 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, cooling, heating by a press through two upsetting and two pulling, quickly forging a sheath into a material, and air-cooling;
And G, carrying out post-forging heat treatment on the section bar forged in the step F: slowly cooling to room temperature after forging, re-charging into a furnace, continuously heating to 1080 ℃ at 980 ℃, preserving heat for 3.5h, air-cooling to less than 300 ℃, heating to 843 ℃ in the furnace, preserving heat for 24h, air-cooling to 600 ℃, heating to 704 ℃ in the furnace, preserving heat for 20h, discharging and air-cooling to obtain the required material.
2. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step A, molten steel is smelted in a 6T vacuum induction furnace.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step E, the homogenization treatment is carried out in a high-temperature furnace, and is carried out by firstly preserving heat at 1160 ℃ for 24 hours, then raising the temperature to the homogenization temperature of 1200 ℃ and preserving heat for 48 hours.
4. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step F, under the conditions of adopting cooling forging, heating and sheath heat preservation measures, the key heating is respectively carried out rapid forming forging according to 1070 ℃, 1090 ℃, 1100 ℃, 1130 ℃ and 1160 ℃.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step G, the heat treatment is carried out in an 8T resistance furnace, and the temperature is continuously raised to 1080 ℃ after 980 ℃ to the temperature are taken into the furnace.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the superalloy sealing plate material comprises the following element components in percentage by weight: c:0.06%, cr:15.2%, fe:8.2%, nb:1.0%, al:0.7%, ti:2.54%, mg:0.05%, B:0.009%, zr:0.06%, the balance being Ni and unavoidable impurities.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the impurities are as follows: in terms of weight percentage, N is less than or equal to 0.004 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.01 percent, wherein the content of N in the preparation process is controlled to be less than or equal to 20ppm; s content is controlled to be less than or equal to 15ppm.
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