CN116174994A - Design method of welding material composition for 7XXX aluminum alloy welding and welding material - Google Patents
Design method of welding material composition for 7XXX aluminum alloy welding and welding material Download PDFInfo
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- CN116174994A CN116174994A CN202211610028.8A CN202211610028A CN116174994A CN 116174994 A CN116174994 A CN 116174994A CN 202211610028 A CN202211610028 A CN 202211610028A CN 116174994 A CN116174994 A CN 116174994A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
- B23K35/288—Al as the principal constituent with Sn or Zn
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method of welding material components for 7XXX aluminum alloy welding and a welding material, wherein the design method comprises the following steps: A. selecting a 7XXX aluminum alloy sample of a high welding line as a control sample of welding pool components, and determining the component composition of the control sample as a first component; B. determining a base material to be welded, wherein the base material at least comprises a first base material and a second base material, the component composition of the first base material is a second component, and the component composition of the second base material is a third component; C. determining the composition content of each component of the welding material according to the following formula: first dilution ratio=first component-second component-second dilution ratio-third component-third dilution ratio; D. the complete composition of the welding material is determined. Through the high-performance 7XXX aluminum alloy welding material design technology of the optimal design, high-efficiency and high-quality welding of related products is effectively realized, thereby meeting production requirements and improving welding quality of the products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal material welding, in particular to a design method of a welding material component for 7XXX aluminum alloy welding and a welding material.
Background
The ultra-high strength 7XXX aluminum alloys are referred to as difficult to weld alloys because of their significant susceptibility to hot cracking. The problems of solidification cracking and liquefaction cracking caused by high thermal cracking sensitivity are key factors that lead to poor weldability of the ultra-high strength 7XXX aluminum alloy series alloy. How to eliminate the thermal cracks of 7000 series alloys in the fusion welding process and improve the weldability of the 7000 series alloys has become a research hotspot in the field of material science.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for designing the components of a welding material for 7XXX aluminum alloy welding and the welding material, and the high-efficiency and high-quality welding of related products is effectively realized through the high-performance 7XXX aluminum alloy welding material design technology of optimal design, so that the production requirements are met, and the welding quality of the products is improved.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a design method, including the steps of: A. selecting a 7XXX aluminum alloy sample of a high welding line as a control sample of welding pool components, and determining the component composition of the control sample as a first component; B. determining a base material to be welded, wherein the base material at least comprises a first base material and a second base material, the component composition of the first base material is a second component, and the component composition of the second base material is a third component; C. determining the composition content of each component of the welding material according to the following formula: first dilution ratio=first component-second component-second dilution ratio-third component-third dilution ratio; D. the complete composition of the welding material is determined.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the alloy sample of the control specimen is selected from 7N01.
In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the base material is at least selected from 7075, 7050, 7475, 7055. Of course, the base material here can likewise be selected from other 7XXX alloys.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the composition of the first component includes at least, wt.%: 4.0 to 5.0 percent of Zn, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Cu, 0.2 to 0.7 percent of Mn, 0.3 to 2.0 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Zr, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Ti, and the balance of Al.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, at least a portion of the first dilution ratio, the second dilution ratio, and the third dilution ratio are non-uniform.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, step D further comprises 0.1-0.5wt.% TiC nanoparticles and/or TiB 2 Nanoparticles to form the complete composition of the solder.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the TiC nanoparticles have a size of 50-200nm.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the TiB 2 The size of the nanoparticle is 50-200nm.
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the TiC nanoparticles and TiB in step D 2 The nano particles are blended according to the mass ratio of 1 (1-2).
In one or more embodiments of the invention, the welding material is obtained by the design method of the welding material composition for 7XXX aluminum alloy welding as described above.
Compared with the prior art, according to the design method and the welding material of the welding material composition for 7XXX aluminum alloy welding, the high-efficiency and high-quality welding of related products is effectively realized through the design technology of the high-performance 7XXX aluminum alloy welding material with optimized design, so that the production requirement is met, and the welding quality of the products is improved. Meanwhile, tiC nano particles and TiB can be further designed 2 The introduction of the nano particles can obtain better welding performance of products, and optimize the welding design capability of the high-performance 7XXX aluminum alloy.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to examples, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "comprise" or variations thereof such as "comprises" or "comprising", etc. will be understood to include the stated element or component without excluding other elements or components.
At present, a common welding wire for 7XXX aluminum alloy fusion welding is mainly a high-Mg welding wire. Practice shows that when the Mg content in the welding line is 1% -2%, the crack resistance of the welding line is worst, and when the welding line is welded by adopting a high-Mg welding wire, mg element can be added into the welding line metal through the welding wire, so that on one hand, the welding line component can avoid the Mg content interval with the worst crack resistance, the crack resistance of the welding line is improved, on the other hand, the burning loss of Mg at the high temperature of welding can be compensated, the number of MgZn2 strengthening phases is increased, and the strength of the welding line is improved.
Therefore, 5XXX series alloy welding wires (e.g., 5087, ER5183, ER5356, ER556, X5180, etc.) are often selected for welding 7XXX series aluminum alloys. Welding of high Mg alloy welding wire has limitations to 7XXX alloys, such as ER5356 can only weld low Zn Cu free 7XXX alloy (7005, 7039) parent metals, and fail for high Zn high Cu high strength and ultra high strength 7XXX alloys (e.g., 7055, 7050, 7075, etc.).
The main reason that the ultra-high strength 7XXX aluminum alloys were found to be non-weldable by analysis is: (1) the Zn content is basically 5.0-8.0; (2) the content of Cu element is 1.2-2.6; (3) mn, cr, zr, ti alloying elements are rarely added.
The design elements of the welding wire composition of the invention include: the first base material component, the second base material component, the target weld material component, the dilution ratio, the final component of the weld pool, and the like, wherein the final component of the weld pool can be ultimately determined to be 7N01 component, and the like.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the 7N01 alloy is used as a reference sample alloy, and the final composition of the weld pool is 7N01, namely: 4.0 to 5.0 portions of Zn, 1.0 to 2.0 portions of Mg, less than or equal to 0.2 portions of Cu, 0.2 to 0.7 portions of Mn, 0.3 to 2.0 portions of Cr, less than or equal to 0.25 portions of Zr and less than or equal to 0.2 portions of Ti.
Therefore, the determination method of the content of each component of the target welding material is as follows:
first dilution ratio=7n01 alloy-second component composition second dilution ratio-third component composition third dilution ratio.
After the content of each alloy element of the new welding wire component is obtained, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of TiC and TiB2 nano particles generated in situ are introduced on the basis of the new welding wire component to form the complete novel 7XXX aluminum alloy welding wire component.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
step one: determining the final chemical composition of a welding joint molten pool, namely 7N01 alloy composition: zn4.5, mg2.0, cu0.2, mn0.4, cr0.5, zr0.2, ti0.03. The 7050 alloy and the 7055 alloy are used as welding objects.
Step two: the content of each element of the new welding wire component is calculated according to the formula 1, wherein the 7050 alloy and the 7055 alloy are used for welding, namely:
first dilution ratio=7n01 alloy-7050 alloy composition, second dilution ratio-7055 alloy composition, third dilution ratio (formula 1).
7050 alloy composition: zn6.4, mg2.2, cu2.3, mn0.03, cr0.01, zr0.1, ti0.02
7055 alloy composition: zn8.0, mg2.1, cu2.4, mn0.04, cr0.02, zr0.2, ti0.02
The test shows that the dilution rate of the new welding wire is 10%, the dilution rate of the 7050 alloy base metal is 23%, and the dilution rate of the 7055 alloy base metal is 25%.
The components of each element of the new welding wire are calculated as follows:
zn 10% = 4.5-6.4 x 23% -8.0 x 25%, calculated to obtain zn=10.28;
mg 10% = 2.0-2.2 x 23% -2.1 x 25%, mg=9.69 is calculated;
cu 10% = 0.2-2.3 x 23% -2.4 x 25%, calculated to obtain cu=0;
mn=0.4-0.03×23% -0.04×25%, and mn=3.8 is calculated;
cr=0.5-0.01×23% -0.02×25%, calculated to obtain cr=4.93;
zr 10% = 0.2-0.1 x 23% -0.2 x 25%, calculated to obtain zr=1.27;
ti=0.03-0.02×23% -0.02×25%, calculated to obtain ti=0.2
Step three: the novel welding wire compositions used for welding 7050 and 7055 alloy base materials are:
zn10.28wt.%, mg9.69wt.%, cu0wt.%, mn3.8wt.%, cr4.93wt.%, zr1.27wt.%, ti0.2wt.%, the balance being aluminum.
The welding wire application effect:
the novel welding wire is named as XX1# welding wire, is specially used for fusion welding of 7050 and 7055 alloy plates, has the thickness of 3mm, adopts MIG welding, has the welding speed of 400mm/min, has the welding current of 120A and the welding voltage of 18V, and has the following mechanical property test results after welding:
example 2
In this embodiment, the 7N01 alloy is used as a reference sample alloy, and the final composition of the weld pool is 7N01, namely: 4.0 to 5.0 portions of Zn, 1.0 to 2.0 portions of Mg, less than or equal to 0.2 portions of Cu, 0.2 to 0.7 portions of Mn, 0.3 to 2.0 portions of Cr, less than or equal to 0.25 portions of Zr and less than or equal to 0.2 portions of Ti.
Therefore, the determination method of the content of each component of the target welding material is as follows:
first dilution ratio=7n01 alloy-second component composition second dilution ratio-third component composition third dilution ratio.
After the content of each alloy element of the new welding wire component is obtained, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of TiC and TiB2 nano particles generated in situ are introduced on the basis of the new welding wire component to form the complete novel 7XXX aluminum alloy welding wire component.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
step one: determining the final chemical composition of a welding joint molten pool, namely 7N01 alloy composition: zn4.5, mg2.0, cu0.2, mn0.4, cr0.5, zr0.2, ti0.03. 7075 alloy and 7055 alloy are used as welding objects.
Step two: the content of each element of the new welding wire component is calculated according to the formula 1, wherein the 7075 alloy and the 7055 alloy are used for welding, namely:
first dilution ratio=7n01 alloy-7075 alloy composition, second dilution ratio-7055 alloy composition, third dilution ratio (formula 1).
7075 alloy composition: zn5.6, mg2.3, cu1.5, mn0.02, cr0.2, ti0.02
7055 alloy composition: zn8.0, mg2.1, cu2.4, mn0.04, cr0.02, ti0.02
The test shows that the dilution rate of the new welding wire is 12%, the dilution rate of the 7075 alloy base metal is 20%, and the dilution rate of the 7055 alloy base metal is 23%.
The components of each element of the new welding wire are calculated as follows:
zn 12% = 4.5-5.6 x 20% -8.0 x 23%, calculated to obtain zn=12.83;
mg 12% = 2.0-2.3 x 20% -2.1 x 23%, calculating to obtain mg=8.8;
cu 12% = 0.2-1.5 x 20% -2.4 x 23%, calculated to obtain cu=0;
mn=0.4-0.02×20% -0.04×23%, and mn=3.22 is calculated;
cr 12% = 0.5-0.2 x 20% -0.02 x 23%, calculated to obtain cr=3.79;
ti 12% = 0.03-0.02 x 20% -0.02 x 23%, calculating ti=0.178
Step three: the novel welding wire compositions used for welding 7050 and 7055 alloy base materials are:
zn12.83wt.%, mg8.8wt.%, cu0wt.%, mn3.22wt.%, cr3.79wt.%, ti0.178wt.%, the balance being aluminum.
The welding wire application effect:
the novel welding wire is named as XX2# welding wire, is specially used for fusion welding of 7075 and 7055 alloy plates, has the thickness of 3mm, adopts MIG welding, has the welding speed of 400mm/min, has the welding current of 120A and the welding voltage of 18V, and has the following mechanical property test results after welding:
example 3
In this embodiment, the 7N01 alloy is used as a reference sample alloy, and the final composition of the weld pool is 7N01, namely: 4.0 to 5.0 portions of Zn, 1.0 to 2.0 portions of Mg, less than or equal to 0.2 portions of Cu, 0.2 to 0.7 portions of Mn, 0.3 to 2.0 portions of Cr, less than or equal to 0.25 portions of Zr and less than or equal to 0.2 portions of Ti.
Therefore, the determination method of the content of each component of the target welding material is as follows:
first dilution ratio=7n01 alloy-second component composition second dilution ratio-third component composition third dilution ratio.
After the content of each alloy element of the new welding wire component is obtained, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of TiC and TiB2 nano particles generated in situ are introduced on the basis of the new welding wire component to form the complete novel 7XXX aluminum alloy welding wire component.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
step one: determining the final chemical composition of a welding joint molten pool, namely 7N01 alloy composition: zn4.5, mg2.0, cu0.2, mn0.4, cr0.5, zr0.2, ti0.03. The 7075 alloy and the 7050 alloy are used as welding objects.
Step two: the content of each element of the new welding wire component is calculated according to the formula 1, wherein the 7075 alloy and the 7050 alloy are used for welding as examples, namely:
first dilution ratio=7n01 alloy-7075 alloy composition, second dilution ratio-7050 alloy composition, third dilution ratio (formula 1).
7075 alloy composition: zn5.6, mg2.3, cu1.5, mn0.02, cr0.2, ti0.02
7050 alloy composition: zn6.4, mg2.2, cu2.3, mn0.03, cr0.01, ti0.02
The test shows that the dilution rate of the new welding wire is 15%, the dilution rate of the 7075 alloy base metal is 21%, and the dilution rate of the 7050 alloy base metal is 24%.
The components of each element of the new welding wire are calculated as follows:
zn 15% = 4.5-5.6 x 21% -6.4 x 24%, calculated to obtain zn=11.92;
mg 15% = 2.0-2.3 x 21% -2.2 x 24%, mg=6.59 is calculated;
cu 15% = 0.2-1.5 x 21% -2.3 x 24%, cu=0 is calculated;
mn=0.4-0.02×21% -0.03×24%, and mn=2.59 is calculated;
cr 15% = 0.5-0.2 x 21% -0.01 x 24%, calculated to obtain cr=3.04;
ti 15% = 0.03-0.02 x 21% -0.02 x 24%, calculating ti=0.14
Step three: the novel welding wire compositions used for welding 7050 and 7055 alloy base materials are:
zn11.92wt.%, mg6.59wt.%, cu0wt.%, mn2.59wt.%, cr3.04wt.%, ti0.14wt.%, the balance being aluminum.
The welding wire application effect:
the novel welding wire is named as XX3# welding wire, is specially used for fusion welding of 7075 and 7050 alloy plates, has the thickness of 3mm, adopts MIG welding, has the welding speed of 400mm/min, has the welding current of 120A and the welding voltage of 18V, and has the following mechanical property test results after welding:
example 11
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that: also included is 0.5wt.% of tic with an average size of 200nm.
The welding wire application effect:
the novel welding wire is named as XX1# welding wire, is specially used for fusion welding of 7050 and 7055 alloy plates, has the thickness of 3mm, adopts MIG welding, has the welding speed of 400mm/min, has the welding current of 120A and the welding voltage of 18V, and has the following mechanical property test results after welding:
example 12
This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 only in that: tiB with average size of 50nm 2 0.1wt.％。
The welding wire application effect:
the novel welding wire is named as XX12# welding wire, is specially used for fusion welding of 7075 and 7055 alloy plates, has the thickness of 3mm, adopts MIG welding, has the welding speed of 400mm/min, has the welding current of 120A and the welding voltage of 18V, and has the following mechanical property test results after welding:
example 13
Embodiment 3 differs only in that: tiC0.2wt.% with an average size of 100nm and TiB with an average size of 200nm 2 0.3wt.％。
The welding wire application effect:
the novel welding wire is named as XX13# welding wire, is specially used for fusion welding of 7075 and 7050 alloy plates, has the thickness of 3mm, adopts MIG welding, has the welding speed of 400mm/min, has the welding current of 120A and the welding voltage of 18V, and has the following mechanical property test results after welding:
example 14
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 only in that: also included is 0.1wt.% tic with an average size of 50 nm.
The welding wire application effect:
the novel welding wire is named as XX14# welding wire, is specially used for fusion welding of 7050 and 7055 alloy plates, has the thickness of 3mm, adopts MIG welding, has the welding speed of 400mm/min, has the welding current of 120A and the welding voltage of 18V, and has the following mechanical property test results after welding:
example 15
This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 only in that: tiB with average size of 100nm 2 0.3wt.％。
The welding wire application effect:
the novel welding wire is named as XX15# welding wire, is specially used for fusion welding of 7075 and 7055 alloy plates, has the thickness of 3mm, adopts MIG welding, has the welding speed of 400mm/min, has the welding current of 120A and the welding voltage of 18V, and has the following mechanical property test results after welding:
example 16
Embodiment 3 differs only in that: tiC0.1wt.% with an average size of 50nm and TiB with an average size of 100nm 2 0.5wt.％。
The welding wire application effect:
the novel welding wire is named as XX16# welding wire, is specially used for fusion welding of 7075 and 7050 alloy plates, has the thickness of 3mm, adopts MIG welding, has the welding speed of 400mm/min, has the welding current of 120A and the welding voltage of 18V, and has the following mechanical property test results after welding:
the foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A design method of a welding material composition for 7XXX aluminum alloy welding comprises the following steps:
A. selecting a 7XXX aluminum alloy sample of a high welding line as a control sample of welding pool components, and determining the component composition of the control sample as a first component;
B. determining a base material to be welded, wherein the base material at least comprises a first base material and a second base material, the component composition of the first base material is a second component, and the component composition of the second base material is a third component;
C. determining the composition content of each component of the welding material according to the following formula: first dilution ratio=first component-second component-second dilution ratio-third component-third dilution ratio;
D. the complete composition of the welding material is determined.
2. The method of designing a composition of a welding material for welding a 7XXX aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein the alloy sample of the control sample is selected from the group consisting of 7N01.
3. The method of designing a welding material composition for welding a 7XXX aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the base material is selected from at least 7075, 7050, 7475, 7055.
4. The method of designing a composition of a 7XXX aluminum alloy welding flux as defined in claim 1, wherein the composition of the first component includes, by weight: 4.0 to 5.0 percent of Zn, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Cu, 0.2 to 0.7 percent of Mn, 0.3 to 2.0 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Zr, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Ti, and the balance of Al.
5. The method of designing a composition of a 7XXX aluminum alloy welding flux as defined in claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the first dilution ratio, the second dilution ratio, and the third dilution ratio are different.
6. As claimed inThe method of designing a 7XXX aluminum alloy welding material composition according to claim 1-5, wherein the step D further comprises 0.1-0.5wt.% TiC nanoparticles and/or TiB 2 Nanoparticles to form the complete composition of the solder.
7. The method of designing a composition of a 7XXX aluminum alloy welding flux as defined in claim 5, wherein the TiC nanoparticle is 50-200nm in size.
8. The method of designing a brazing filler metal composition for welding a 7XXX aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 5, wherein said TiB 2 The size of the nanoparticle is 50-200nm.
9. The method for designing a brazing filler metal composition for welding a 7XXX aluminum alloy according to claim 5, wherein TiC nanoparticles and TiB are used in said step D 2 The nano particles are blended according to the mass ratio of 1 (1-2).
10. A welding material obtained by the design method of the welding material composition for 7XXX aluminum alloy welding as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
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