CN116137343B - Pile pressing device, pile pressing equipment and pile pressing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The pile pressing device comprises a limiting device which can be controlled to stretch out and draw back; a distance sensor for collecting distance data; and the controller controls the limiting device to gradually press down along with the upper end plate of the electric pile in the pile pressing process according to the distance data so as to shorten the upper end plate so that the limiting device does not obstruct the upper end plate, and the effect is that the pile pressing precision can be improved.

Description

Pile pressing device, pile pressing equipment and pile pressing method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of fuel cell stack assembly, and relates to a stacking device, stacking equipment and a stacking method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack.

Background

The fuel cell is a device for converting chemical energy of reactants into electric energy, and has the characteristics of high power generation efficiency, small environmental pollution, high specific energy, high reliability and the like. A fuel cell stack (abbreviated as a stack) is formed by stacking stack core components such as end plates (upper end plate, lower end plate), insulating plates, current collecting plates, bipolar plates, membrane electrodes and the like in a sheet-by-sheet manner, and these stack core components are called a stack charge. The pile stacking assembly is usually completed on a pile loader, so that the offset of the bipolar plates and the membrane electrodes in the pile loading process is reduced, and limit is required to be used when the pile is assembled in order to ensure the stacking precision.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem of the pile pressing precision, in a first aspect, the pile pressing device according to some embodiments of the present application comprises

The limiting device can be controlled to stretch and retract;

a distance sensor for collecting distance data;

and the controller controls the limiting device to gradually press down along with the upper end plate of the electric pile in the pile pressing process according to the distance data so as to shorten the limiting device so as not to block the upper end plate.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the limit device includes an external retractable limit post and an internal retractable limit post.

According to some embodiments of the present application,

the external telescopic limit column is arranged at the outer side of a pile formed by stacking materials of all layers, the stacking position of the materials of all layers of the pile is limited at the outer side of the pile, and the distance between the end part of the external telescopic limit column, which is close to the upper end plate of the pile, and the upper end plate before stacking is a first distance;

the inner telescopic limit column is arranged in the pile formed by stacking all layers of pile materials, penetrates through all layers of pile materials of the pile, limits the stacking position of all layers of pile materials of the pile in the pile, is positioned in the upper end plate before pile pressing and does not extend out of the upper surface of the upper end plate, and the distance between one end of the inner telescopic limit column and the end of the outer telescopic limit column, which is close to the upper end plate of the pile, is a second distance before pile pressing.

The distance sensor is arranged at the end part of the external telescopic limit column, which faces the upper end plate, and is used for collecting data of the distance between the end part of the external telescopic limit column and the upper end plate.

The controller receives data of the distance between the end part of the external telescopic limit column and the upper end plate, which is acquired by the distance sensor, drives the external telescopic limit column to gradually shorten according to the data, so that the distance between the end part of the external telescopic limit column, which is close to the upper end plate of the electric pile, and the upper end plate, which is gradually pressed down, is kept at the first distance; the inner telescopic limit column is driven to be gradually shortened according to the data, the distance between the end portion of the inner telescopic limit column and the end portion of the outer telescopic limit column which is gradually shortened and is close to the upper end plate of the electric pile is kept at a second distance, and the end of the inner telescopic limit column is kept in the upper end plate which is gradually pressed down and does not extend out of the upper surface of the upper end plate.

According to the pile pressing and stacking device, round holes are formed in corners of pile materials, and the pile materials are inserted into the inner telescopic limiting rods through the round holes in the corners.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the distance sensor is an infrared range finder.

According to some embodiments of the present application, a lower gap is formed between an end of the outer telescopic limit post, which is close to a lower end plate of the electric pile, and the lower end plate.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the first distance is 4-7 mm, and the lower gap is 1-3 mm.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the depth of the telescopic end of the inner telescopic limit column in the upper end plate is 70-80% of the thickness of the upper end plate.

In a second aspect, a stacking apparatus according to some embodiments of the present application includes a stacking machine and the electrical stacking device.

In a second aspect, a galvanic pile pressing method applying the pressing pile device according to some embodiments of the present application includes the following steps:

the distance sensor collects data of the distance between the telescopic part of the external telescopic limit column and the upper end plate in real time;

the controller receives the data of the distance between the telescopic end of the external telescopic limit column and the upper end plate, which are acquired by the distance sensor;

the controller drives the external telescopic limit column to be gradually shortened according to the data, and the distance between the telescopic end of the external telescopic limit column and the gradually pressed upper end plate is kept at a first distance;

the controller drives the inner telescopic limit column to be gradually shortened according to the data, the distance between the telescopic end of the inner telescopic limit column and the telescopic end of the outer telescopic limit column which is gradually shortened is kept at a second distance, and the telescopic end of the inner telescopic limit column is kept in the upper end plate which is gradually pressed down and does not extend out of the upper surface of the upper end plate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the controller receives the data of the distance between the end part of the external telescopic limit column and the upper end plate, which are acquired by the distance sensor, and drives the external telescopic limit column to be gradually shortened according to the data, so that the distance between the end part of the external telescopic limit column, which is close to the upper end plate of the electric pile, and the upper end plate, which is gradually pressed down, is kept at a first distance. According to the data driving inner telescopic limit column, the distance between one end of the inner telescopic limit column and the end of the column of the outer telescopic limit column which is gradually shortened, which is close to the upper end plate of the electric pile, is kept at a second distance, and one end of the inner telescopic limit column is kept in the upper end plate which is gradually pressed down and does not extend out of the upper surface of the upper end plate. Therefore, in the process of pressing the piles, the outer telescopic limit columns and the inner telescopic limit columns always keep the limit effect of the material of each layer of the pile, which is basically the same as the material of each layer of the pile before pressing the piles, and the maximum range of objects are always limited in the dynamic pressing process, so that the same and optimal limit effect can be ensured before and during pressing the piles. Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a galvanic pile device;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a controller.

Reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a lower end plate, an external telescopic limit column, a reactor core, an upper end plate, an internal telescopic limit column, a controller, a data transmission line and a distance sensor.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below by referring to the drawings, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout.

A fuel cell stack (abbreviated as a stack) is formed by stacking stack core components such as end plates (an upper end plate 4 and a lower end plate 1), insulating plates, current collecting plates, bipolar plates, membrane electrodes and the like in a manner of stacking one sheet, and the stack core components are called a stack material. The pile stacking assembly is usually completed on a pile loader, so that the offset of the bipolar plates and the membrane electrodes in the pile loading process is reduced, and limit is required to be used when the pile is assembled in order to ensure the stacking precision.

At present, the most common internal limiting tool and the most common external limiting tool are used for simultaneously acting, the most common internal limiting mode is to adopt an internal limiting column, the internal limiting column is fixed in space by the limiting tool, the limiting tool can be understood to comprise a weight device, the device is provided with a connecting piece, the internal limiting column is fixed through the connecting piece, and the internal limiting column is located at a certain position in space. Round holes are formed in corners of all the piled materials, and then the piled materials pass through the inner limiting columns through the round holes, and the inner limiting columns usually use metal straight rods, so that the deflection of the materials in the piling process is reduced. However, the height of the inner limit posts is required to be greater than the height of the stack in a loose state, i.e., the inner limit posts are required to protrude from the upper surface of the upper end plate 4 of the stack. Therefore, in the process of pressing the pile, the pressure head of the pile pressing machine is easy to interfere with the inner limit column. In order to avoid interference, the area of the ram is required to be smaller than the area of the upper end plate 4 of the stack, which results in deterioration of the uniformity of stress of the stack.

The most common mode of outer spacing is to adopt outer spacing post, spacing frock will outer spacing post fixed in the space, and the spacing post fixed distribution of outer spacing post of quilt is around the dress heap position of certainty, and when the dress heap material, each layer material layer upon layer pile in the dress heap position, the border of each layer material has the contact with outer spacing post, and above-mentioned explanation spacing frock will outer spacing post be fixed in space, can understand that spacing frock includes a weight device, and the device has a connecting piece, will outer spacing post is fixed through the connecting piece, makes outer spacing post be in a certain position in the space for outer spacing post has formed the spacing to the dress heap material in the outside, and the fixed position of outer spacing post can be decided by the membrane electrode and bipolar plate shape of electric pile, like setting outer spacing post in the dress heap position after the future membrane electrode, bipolar plate's all around recess place fixed, when electric pile atress extrusion, through outer structure restriction 3 transversely squints. And the deflection of the bipolar plate and the membrane electrode in the stacking process is reduced through the outer limit column. However, since the end plate area of the pile is generally larger than the areas of the membrane electrode and the bipolar plate, the outer limit post can interfere with the upper end plate 4 of the pile during the pile loading process, and in order to avoid interference, the outer limit post of the pile must be smaller than the pile height in the compressed state. This will lead to the pile to surpass the part of outer spacing post height and only interior spacing post location, the pile precision of loading is difficult to guarantee.

From the above, it can be seen that in some cases, in order to balance the number of objects needed and limited by the press stack, the prior art has to discard some limiting effects at different stages. For the existing limiting mode, the stress uniformity of the electric pile is poor due to the inner limiting column, the pile loading precision is difficult to guarantee due to the outer limiting column, the inventor finds that the length of the inner limiting column before pile pressing is required to be larger than the pile loading material of the electric pile, therefore, the inner limiting column is required to penetrate out of the upper end plate 4 to realize pile pressing in the pile pressing process, the pressure head of the pile pressing machine is required to avoid the inner limiting column, the contact area between the pressure head and the upper end plate 4 is reduced, the stress uniformity of the electric pile is poor due to the avoidance, if the inner limiting column has the telescopic capability, the length of the inner limiting column before pile pressing can be higher than the pile loading material of the electric pile, the shrinkage length is gradually followed in the pile pressing process, the pressure head of the pile pressing machine does not need to avoid the inner limiting column, the contact area between the pressure head and the upper end plate 4 is large, and the stress uniformity of the electric pile is good. The inventor also found that, in order to achieve that the outer limit post does not pass through the upper end plate 4 during stacking, the height of the outer limit post used in the prior art is close to the height of the stacked electric pile, which results in that, when stacking, the outer limit post has no external limit function for the stacked material with a height exceeding the upper layer of the outer limit post, if the outer limit post has expansion and contraction capability, the limit post can be basically kept at the same height as the upper end plate before stacking of the electric pile, plays an external limit role for most of the stacked material, gradually follows the contraction length during stacking, and achieves that the outer limit post does not pass through the upper end plate 4 during stacking, and does not need to reduce the external limit capability.

Example 1: fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack tooling, as shown in fig. 1, including an external retractable limiting column 2, an internal retractable limiting column, a distance sensor 8 and a controller 6.

The outer telescopic limit posts 2 are arranged on the outer sides of the electric pile formed by stacking the materials of each layer, according to the description, the stacking position is determined before stacking, at this time, the outer telescopic limit posts 2 are arranged and fixed on the outer sides of the determined positions through positioning tools, then stacking is performed, the stacked materials are stacked layer by layer, in the stacking process, the outer telescopic limit posts 2 achieve the effect of limiting the stacked materials on the outer sides of the stacked materials, stacking precision is improved, the stacking position of the stacked materials of each layer of the electric pile is limited on the outer sides of the electric pile, the end part, close to the upper end plate 4 of the electric pile, of the outer telescopic limit posts 2 before stacking is a telescopic end part, the distance between the telescopic end part and the upper end plate 4 is a first distance, and the first distance can be understood to be the distance between the upper end surface of the outer telescopic limit posts 2 and the lower surface of the upper end plate 4 before stacking, generally about 4-7 mm, preferably 5mm, the distance is the total number, the number of sensors, the installation clearance and the like are considered to be in a certain range, and the safety factor can be reached. In a preferred solution, the outer telescopic limit post 2 is fixed by a limit tool, and the distance between the lower end portion of the outer telescopic limit post 2 and the lower end plate 1, that is, the lower end surface of the outer telescopic limit post 2 and the upper surface of the lower end plate 1 is generally about 1-3 mm, preferably 2mm, and the unconnected manner of the lower end portion and the lower end plate 1 can avoid that the outer telescopic limit post 2 presses down the lower end plate 1, so that the lower end plate 1 is interfered, and the distance is mainly determined by considering the number of limit objects and the gap which is necessarily set.

The inner telescopic limit column is arranged in the pile stacked by the pile materials of each layer, the pile materials of each layer penetrate through the pile stacked by the pile materials of each layer, according to the description, the pile position should be determined before pile loading, at this time, the inner telescopic limit column is arranged and fixed at the inner side of the determined position by the positioning tool, pile loading is carried out, the lower end plate 1 penetrates through the inner telescopic limit column, the pile materials of each layer are stacked layer by layer, in the stacking process, the pile materials of each layer penetrate through the inner telescopic limit column, the inner telescopic limit column achieves the effect of limiting the pile materials of each layer of pile inside the pile materials of the pile, the stacking precision is improved, and the pile position of the pile materials of each layer of pile of the pile is limited inside the pile. Preferably, round holes are formed in the corners of the materials of the electric pile, and the inner limiting rods are inserted into the round holes in the corners of the materials of the electric pile.

One end (telescopic end) of the inner telescopic limit column before the press stacking is positioned in the upper end plate 4 and does not extend out of the upper surface of the upper end plate 4, and a distance between the one end of the inner telescopic limit column before the press stacking and the end of the column of the outer telescopic limit column 2 close to the upper end plate 4 of the electric stack is a second distance. The second distance is understood to be the distance between the upper end face of the outer telescopic limit post 2 and the upper end face of the inner telescopic limit post before the press stack, which distance is related to the thickness of the upper end plate 4, and the depth of the one end portion of the inner telescopic limit post in the upper end plate 4 is 70-80% of the thickness of the upper end plate 4. By the above, the inner limit rod is inserted in the round hole of the corner of the pile material, and extends from the round hole of the corner of the lower end plate 1 to the round hole of the corner of the upper end plate 4, but the inner limit rod does not exceed the upper plane of the upper end plate 4. Therefore, when stacking, the pressure head can contact the whole upper end plate 4, so that enough contact area is ensured, and the uniformity of force distribution is improved. The diameter of the inner telescopic limit post 5 is generally smaller than that of the outer telescopic limit post 2, the use of the second distance can enable the distance sensor 8 to be prevented from being arranged on the inner telescopic limit post 5 with the smaller diameter, and particularly in the application scene of the invention, the inner telescopic limit post 5 is not easy to collect distance data, so that the second distance is arranged, and the inner telescopic limit post can be gradually shortened according to the distance data only under the condition of the outer telescopic limit post 2 through the second distance, and can be always positioned in the upper end plate 4, so that the purposes of keeping the limit to the maximum degree all the time and avoiding reducing the area of a pressure head are achieved.

The distance sensor 8 may be a preferred solution, for example, in the case of knowing the pressing speed of the pressing head of the pile pressing machine, particularly in the case of a pile pressing machine capable of pressing at a uniform speed, the shortening speeds of the inner retractable limit column and the outer retractable limit column 2 may be synchronized according to the pressing speed of the pressing head of the pile pressing machine, so that the effect of the present invention can be achieved, but the safety effect is reduced. However, in order to be more secure, the present invention is more suitably used in a stacker type of accelerating press-down, in particular, the present invention is provided with the distance sensor 8. The distance sensor 8 is arranged at the end part of the outer telescopic limit column 2 facing the upper end plate 4 and is used for collecting data of the distance between the end part of the outer telescopic limit column 2 and the upper end plate 4. Specifically, the distance sensor 8 may be an infrared distance meter, and may be connected to the controller 6 by a wired or wireless manner, so as to implement signal transmission.

The controller 6, which is a preferred solution for adapting the distance sensor 8, may be used to control the outer telescopic limit post 2 and the inner telescopic limit post to be gradually shortened as the upper end plate 4 is gradually pressed down. Specifically, the controller 6 receives the data of the distance between the end of the outer telescopic limit column 2 and the upper end plate 4 collected by the distance sensor 8, drives the outer telescopic limit column 2 to gradually shorten according to the data, and makes the distance between the end of the outer telescopic limit column 2, which is close to the upper end plate 4 of the galvanic pile, and the upper end plate 4, which is gradually pressed down, maintain the first distance. The inner telescopic limit pole is driven to be gradually shortened according to the data, the distance between the one end of the inner telescopic limit pole and the end of the outer telescopic limit pole 2 which is gradually shortened and is close to the upper end plate 4 of the galvanic pile is kept at a second distance, and the one end of the inner telescopic limit pole is kept in the upper end plate 4 which is gradually pressed down and does not extend out of the upper surface of the upper end plate 4. In this case, in the process of stacking, the outer telescopic limit posts 2 and the inner telescopic limit posts always keep the limit effect of the stacked materials of the layers with the quantity basically consistent with that before stacking, and the widest range of objects are always kept to be limited in the dynamic stacking process, so that basically the same and optimal limit effect can be ensured before and during stacking, and the situation that some limit effects have to be abandoned in different stages is avoided.

According to the method for limiting the press stack by the proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack assembling tool, in the press stack process, as a press head of a stacking machine descends, the press head descends an upper end plate 4, the height of the stack descends continuously, and the heights of an outer telescopic limit column 2 and an inner telescopic limit column also descend continuously, and the press stack method comprises the following steps:

the distance sensor 8 collects data of the distance between the end of the outer telescopic limit post 2 and the upper end plate 4 in real time.

The controller 6 receives data of the distance between the end of the outer telescopic limit post 2 and the upper end plate 4, which is acquired by the distance sensor 8.

The controller 6 drives the outer telescopic limit column 2 to be gradually shortened according to the data, and the distance between the end of the outer telescopic limit column 2, which is close to the upper end plate 4 of the galvanic pile, and the upper end plate 4, which is gradually pressed down, is kept at the first distance.

The controller 6 drives the inner telescopic limit column to be gradually shortened according to the data, the distance between the one end of the inner telescopic limit column and the end of the outer telescopic limit column 2 which is gradually shortened, which is close to the upper end plate 4 of the electric pile, is kept at a second distance, and the one end of the inner telescopic limit column is kept in the upper end plate 4 which is gradually pressed down and does not extend out of the upper surface of the upper end plate 4.

And after the press stack is finished, withdrawing the outer telescopic limit column 2 and the inner telescopic limit column which are positioned outside the electric stack. The outer telescopic limit column 2 is shortened, for example, to be the shortest, and then the outer limit column is withdrawn from the stacking by moving a limit tool for fixing the outer limit column at a certain position to the periphery. The inner telescopic limit post is shortened, for example, to the shortest, and then withdrawn from the lower end plate 1 of the cell stack by lowering the height at which the inner telescopic limit post is fixed.

In the process of pressing the pile, in the first aspect, the inner and outer telescopic limit posts always descend along with the descending of the pressure head of the pile loader in the process of pressing the pile. Because the setting of inside scalable spacing post for it has inserted all the heap material all the time, and inside scalable spacing post can be whole spacing to whole galvanic pile material. Because the setting of outside scalable spacing post, it only has little clearance between the upper end plate of pile for set up sensor and shape measurement clearance, consequently outside scalable spacing post can whole journey carry out spacingly to most pile material. Therefore, the invention ensures higher positioning precision of the galvanic pile. In the second aspect, the telescopic limit column in the pile can not exceed the plane of the upper end plate, and the pressure head of the pile loader can contact the whole upper end plate, so that higher stress uniformity of the pile loader is ensured, and when the pile pressure head is larger than the area of the end plate, the pressure head can not interfere with the limit rod, and the pile pressing can be completed, so that the shapes of the pressure head and the end plate are not limited. In the third aspect, the height of the external telescopic limit column is adjustable, and the length of the internal telescopic limit column and the external telescopic limit column are telescopic structures, so that the device can be compatible with various excessively different electric pile loading requirements. Therefore, by adopting the tooling press pile, better compatibility and better pile loading effect can be ensured.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the present invention, the term "and/or" describes an association relationship of an association object, which means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the context-dependent object is an "or" relationship. "at least one" means one or more; "at least one of a and B", similar to "a and/or B", describes an association relationship of an association object, meaning that there may be three relationships, for example, at least one of a and B may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone.

For purposes of this disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "a particular example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.

While the invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The electric pile pressing device is characterized by comprising

The limiting device can be controlled to stretch and retract;

a distance sensor for collecting distance data;

the controller controls the limiting device to gradually press down along with the upper end plate of the electric pile in the pile pressing process according to the distance data so as to shorten the limiting device so as not to block the upper end plate;

the limiting device comprises an outer telescopic limiting column and an inner telescopic limiting column, and the diameter of the inner telescopic limiting column is smaller than that of the outer telescopic limiting column;

the external telescopic limit column is arranged at the outer side of a pile formed by stacking materials of all layers, the stacking position of the materials of all layers of the pile is limited at the outer side of the pile, and the distance between the end part of the external telescopic limit column, which is close to the upper end plate of the pile, and the upper end plate before stacking is a first distance;

the inner telescopic limit column is arranged in a pile formed by stacking all layers of pile materials, penetrates through all layers of pile materials of the pile, limits the stacking position of all layers of pile materials of the pile in the pile, is positioned in the upper end plate before pile pressing and does not extend out of the upper surface of the upper end plate, and the distance between one end of the inner telescopic limit column and the end of the outer telescopic limit column, which is close to the upper end plate of the pile, is a second distance before pile pressing;

the distance sensor is arranged at the end part of the external telescopic limit column, facing the upper end plate, and is used for acquiring data of the distance between the end part of the external telescopic limit column and the upper end plate;

the controller receives data of the distance between the end part of the external telescopic limit column and the upper end plate, which is acquired by the distance sensor, drives the external telescopic limit column to gradually shorten according to the data, so that the distance between the end part of the external telescopic limit column, which is close to the upper end plate of the electric pile, and the upper end plate, which is gradually pressed down, is kept at the first distance; the inner telescopic limit column is driven to be gradually shortened according to the data, the distance between the end portion of the inner telescopic limit column and the end portion of the outer telescopic limit column which is gradually shortened and is close to the upper end plate of the electric pile is kept at a second distance, and the end of the inner telescopic limit column is kept in the upper end plate which is gradually pressed down and does not extend out of the upper surface of the upper end plate.

2. The galvanic pile pressing device according to claim 1, wherein round holes are formed in corners of the piled materials, and the piled materials are inserted into the inner telescopic limiting rods through the round holes of the corners.

3. The galvanic pile device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance sensor is an infrared rangefinder.

4. The galvanic pile pressing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the external telescopic limit column near the lower end plate of the galvanic pile has a lower gap between the lower end plate.

5. The galvanic pile device according to claim 4, characterized in that the first distance is 4-7 mm and the lower gap is 1-3 mm.

6. The electrical stacking device of claim 1, wherein the depth of the one end of the inner retractable restraint post in the upper end plate is 70-80% of the thickness of the upper end plate.

7. A press stack device comprising a press stack machine and the galvanic pile press stack apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A method of galvanic pile pressing using the pressing apparatus of claim 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:

the distance sensor collects data of the distance between the telescopic part of the external telescopic limit column and the upper end plate in real time;

the controller receives the data of the distance between the telescopic end of the external telescopic limit column and the upper end plate, which are acquired by the distance sensor;

the controller drives the external telescopic limit column to be gradually shortened according to the data, and the distance between the telescopic end of the external telescopic limit column and the gradually pressed upper end plate is kept at a first distance;

the controller drives the inner telescopic limit column to be gradually shortened according to the data, the distance between the telescopic end of the inner telescopic limit column and the telescopic end of the outer telescopic limit column which is gradually shortened is kept at a second distance, and the telescopic end of the inner telescopic limit column is kept in the upper end plate which is gradually pressed down and does not extend out of the upper surface of the upper end plate.